NATIONAL REGISTER OF HFSTORIC P L A C E S . - INVENTORY - NOMINAT IOH FORM
{Type af l entr ies - complete applicable sections)
1. NAME ' : > .
' -. . .,\' > , I I' . , . = .
I CGMMOM:
County Line School and L G ~ E AHOJOR HlSTORlC:
County L i n e Academy ,OCATSGN , . 171 - ~ : - -
AhC NUMBER: West of Baxter-Fulton County l i n e , 2 miles soutb of the Missouri--4rkansas state l i n e
C t r Y O R TOWN: 1 C O n G R E 5 5 1 0 W A L D l S T R I C T : ,
Rura l Route, G ~ n n F i r s t 1 t o O ~ ~ C ~ V N ~ V : CODE
Arkansas 1 0 5 I F u l t o n 1 04 . 2. CLASSlFlCATfON , <. , c - .
I CATEGORY I - (Check One)
D i r t r i c ~ firJ Building ID Pubtic
Structure Privata
Obiact
Public Acquirir ion: Occupied Yes:
D In Prrrcsss Restnietad
a BeFng Considarsd Unrsstrictsd
0 Agricultural Q Govsrnmant IJ Pork Q Trorrsportotien Commsnta
Cammarein! 0 Indudria! 13 Privafs Residence O h r (Sped&]
0 Educational Militav a Religiovs M a c n n i r
Ij Enterrcrinmsnt Museum Sciantific - 1 < >
,?, , 3WNER OF PROPERTY , , , t -, I OlYMEP'S N A M E I -1:
-1
County L i n e K a s o n i c Lodge /John Morris, Secretary) * -i
STREET R H D NUMSER: m
Rura l Route C I T Y OR TOWN. S T A T E ' C O D F
G ~ P P 477 - Arkansas
,OCAT!O~OF CECAL D E S C R ~ S T I O ~ . ' - - . - . 1 , > -
I , I I
<: <
C O U R T H O U S E . R E G i S T R Y O F DEEDS. E T C : 2 Recorder* s Office
STREET A N D NLIWBEA:
Fulton County Courthouse C I T Y , P R T O W N ' S T A T E
1 4 C l T Y OA TOWN: S T A T E : CODE - r <
0 * -I m
Allcred 0 Unalterad I n Movrd a Original 5 i l s /'
O R I G t N A L (if known) P H Y l t C A L A P P E h R A H C E
DESCRIPTION
The County Line School and Lodge is a tw3-storey frame structure built circa 1879, The basic f l o o r p l a n is rec tangular and measures approximately 40 feet by 25 feet, White clapboard walls and a gable roof of shingles e n c l o s e the structure. Though q u i t e steep w5en originally con- structed, the ridge ljne was l o w e r e d a b u t f o u r feet when t h e roof was r e b u i l t in 1972,
CONDITION
Pine trees cut from a nearby l o t were handplaned to use in c o n s t r u c t i o n of t h e b~ilding. The o r i g i n a l schoolroom furnishings were also made from handplaned lumber.
0 ~ x t c I l c n t ' - G m d F-if D Deteriorotad Rwins !+iin~1~~1s~d - (Check One)
T h e s imp le exterior lines of the s t r u c t u r e are broken only by window and door openings, a l l of which have overhead trim suggestive of a pediment, Aluminum storm doors now cover the double-door e n t r y and t h e three w i n d o w openings along the e a s t and west elevations of the first f l o o r . Six-light double hung s a s h windows are located on the second floor.
A fourteen-inch w i d e sill cover surrounds t h e exterior, resting ahow t h e cast stone f oundaHon f i l l added about 1920. Other alterations of t h a t decade include a concrete porch at t h e entry, and a brick f l u e and chimney added to the northwest interior corner .
The simplicity of the exterior is repeated in the i n t e r i o r . The o r i g i n a l fldor on the first storey has been twice covered by new flooring, bu t the o r i g i n a l hand-planed f l o e r i n g on the second storey remains. The f i r s t f l o o r cons i s t s of a single open room w i t h no interior w a l l s dividing the space, Lying across the east wall is a six- inch h igh , five-foot wide pla t form. The o r i g i n a l school benches, with the writing surfaces removed from t h e back of each, now serve t h e church congregation which meets weekly in t h e bu i ld ing . The o n l y new f u r n i s h i n g s are a speaker's podium and a p i a n o , both used d u r i n g religious services,
An enclosed stairway rises along the w e s t inkerior wall to a hallway on the second floor, The main room on this f l o o r is s t i l l used as the meeting place for the County Line Masonic Lodge , Its purpose is reflected in t h e furnishings used in Masonic meetings and ceremonies. A three-foot wide, s i x - i n c h h igh p l a t fo rm lies across the- e a s t wall of t h i s f loor .
Farm 10.3000 (July 1969)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE IN f ERlOR STATE I NATlONAL PARK 5 E R V l C C,
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Ark 7-ns as
INYEHTORY - MOMENAT ION FORM
(Numbsr all sfitrlss) 1
F u l t o n FOR NPS USE owLr
(Continuation SheetJ
1 7 . Description (County L i n e School a r d IRdge - Page 2) I
B H T A Y NUMBER
I
The simple fea tures af t5Fs late 19th c e n t u r y s t ruc tu re reflect i t s utilitarian p2rpose. T h e cornnunityls reed f o r a school and lodge was m e t in this o n e b u i l d i n g . T h e County Line School and Lodge remzins i n t a c t and much the sane today as wl.,en f i r s t constructed a lmos t 100 years ago.
G P O 9 2 1 - 7 2 4
P E R l o e (chuck Ons or mom aa kpproprief*>
0 Pro-Columbicrn 0 16th Canlurr 0 18th Century Q 20th Csnkurr
0 15th Century 5 17th Century a 19rh Scnfvfy
SPEC1 FI C W A T E ( 3 1 ( I f ApplFcabJr and KrrowM
AREAS a~ S L G N I F I C A N C E /Check One or Mare as ~ppropriate)
Urhn Planning Abdr iginol Educstim 0 Polit ical
P~sh i r to r ic Engineering Rsligion/Phi. O t k r (S~sci&)
0 Historic Industry l o ~ o p h y f r a t e r n a l [3 Agriculture n Inwention Science
13 Archi t~cturc i Landscopa 0 Sculpture
kt Areki recture Sociol/Hman.
Tornrnw~. 0 Li tsro lura ilorian
Comrnvnicati~ms Ij Military Q Thcoter '
Cnnssrvetion Q Music a Tronsportotion
S T A T E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E
The County Line School and Lodge, built circa 1879, ori- g i n a l l y housed cn i t s lower f l o o r a one-room school f o r students from a two c o u n t y area. The second f l o o r of the building krzs designed to serve as a meeting place for the local E'Iasonic Lodge. Decendants of t h e early Lodge members report t h a t the building was also us&d for-Sunday w o r s h i p services by the Oak H i l l Baptist C h u r c h congregation;
11
i/ 11 t
!
I
i
The County Line School and Lodge was built almost one hundred years ago to serve a rural area af the n o r t h Arkansas Ozarks, B u i l t wlth a t r i - f o l d purpose it represents one of Arkansas1 ear l ies t cornm~ni ty buildings.
C o n s t r u c t i o n of t h e County L i n e School and h d g e was completed by November, 1 8 7 9 , The two-s torey frame s t r u c t u r e w a s functionally d e s i g n e d , and, except for trim a h v e the w i n d o w s and door, was deviod of o r c a m e n t a t i o n ,
!I )I I!
It was o r i g i n a l l y i n t e n d e d that t h e school and Lodge l i e square ly on the Baxter-Fulton County l i n e , thereby serving both c o u n t i e s . ?iswever, a later sgrvey showed t h a t the s t r u c t u r e lies e n t i r e l y i3 F u l t o n County? m i s s i n g the county l i n e by a fe~-f feet,
The building w z s constructed by loca l c i t i z e n s , primarily John Milton Durham and Thomas B e n t o n Caldwel l . Accowding to his son, John Durham arrived in FuLton County about 1867. A nat ive of N o r t h C a r o l i n a , M r . Durham was a skilled car- penter, and reputedly built a nurnber of structxres in the area.
Thomas B e n t o n Caldwell, zlso reported to have been o r e of tPte builders, was born in 1543 in Fulton Cgunty, Miss~uri. As an artklleq sergeant w i t h the ?? i s sou r i Confederate v o l u n t e e r s , Z s ~ i c i b t e l L b r a s captxrec! k7r t ' n i c ~ . f c r r ~ s i.n t h e spring of 1862. L a t e r that year he was freed 3s p3rk of
Form 13-3000 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF f HE INTERIOR . Ifuly 7769) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
M A T IONAP U E G S T E R O F HISTORIC PLACES
IHVEHTO3Y - NOMIHATION FORM
(Continuation Sheet)
S T A T E
Arkansas
F u l t o n FOR NPS USE ONLY
ENTRY NUMBER O A T E
I (Number all entrfss)
8. Significance (County Line School and Lodge - Page 2 )
a p r i s o n e r exchange. Following the C i v i l Was, CaldwelL moved . to Fulton County Arkansas, where he made h i s living by
farming and educa ted h i s f i v e children at t h e County Line Academy.
Across the front of the f i r s t f l o o r school room was a Lecture pla t form raised about six i nches off the f l o o r . Hand-made benches serped as desks f o r the students. A board extended beh i2d the top of each bench and served as a w r i t i n g surface for the student on tke Sent? behind. Other than t h e removal of t h i s rear ex tens ion , the'benches reaain much t h e same today as when used 5y 19th c e n t u r y s t u d e n t s .
Professor G. W T o m k i n s , whose name appears on a school cer t i f i ca te issued in 1881, was probably the first p r i n c i p a l af t h e C o u n t y Line Academy. In 1887 James H. Caldwell , eldest s o n of Thomas B. Caldwel l , became p r i n c i p a l of t h e school in w5ich he ha6 been a s t u d e n t j u s t a few years before.
The County Line School was opera ted c o n t i n u a l l y u n t i l 1948. By khat tern@ improved roads and methods of t r a n s p o r t a t i o n made poss ible the creation of consolidated school syskens which replaced one-room neig5borhood schools. The County
. L i n e School is representative ~f the effects of consolidation on r u r a l schools.
The f ra terna l purpose f o r which the County Line School end Lodge was built is s t i l l being fulfilled. S i n c e it was chartered on Xovernber 2 8, 1879 , Masonic Lodge #173 h a s con- t i n u a l l y m e t on the second f l o o r of t h e County L i ~ e School and Lodge. John M. Durham, who built t h e s t r u c t u r e , was a char te r m e m b e r and f i rs t Master of the County Line Ledge. A n o t h e r of the s i x t e e n charter members w a s Thomzs Eenton Caldwell,
Though c h i l d r e n no l o n g e r l e a r n to read and write w i t h i n i ts walls. the o l d building c o n t i n u e s to house Its o r i g i n a l I.lasonic 1,odge. and to serve as a Sunday rneeticg place f o r a small B a p t i s t congrega t ion , O t h e r than t h e loss of i t s educa t iona l role, very l i t t l e of its purpose or appearance h a s chanqed in t h e a lmos t 100 yezrs since the County Line School and Lodge %as first c o n s t r u c t e d .
1
UMETED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR S T A T E
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER Of HISTORlC PLACES
INVENTORY - NOMIHATION FORM I F111 tnn FOR NPS USE ONLY
I E H T R Y NYMEtER O A T E (Continuation Sheet)
(Nmbsr all en.nMes)
8. s i g n i f i c a n c e ' {County Line School and Lodge - Page 3 )
This multi-purpose b u i l d i n g which served early sett lers in two counties of the Arkansas Ozarks, i s s t i l l needed and '
used today. Its preservation and upkeep w i l l c o n t i n u e because of both s e n t i m e n t a l attachment and the c o n t i n u i n g need for such a s t r uc tu r e .
As the designetcd State Liaison Officer far the Na-
tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public I,sw
89-6651, I hereby nominate this property for inclusion
in the Na tiona 1 Register and cert i fy that i t h a s been
*valuated accordinq to the c-iteria and ptocedu t t s set
forth by the Nntianaf Park Serv~ce. T h e recommended
level o I significance or this nomimtirrn is:
N a t i m l Stak Loerl a
- .
I taereby certify that this property is included En the
NatiwtaI Register.
T L ~ I C s a t e Histor ic P r e s ~ r v a t i o n
1 Of fi ce-r Keeper el Thu Nat!ortal Pegisler
D,, Dlc~rnber 10, 1974 bate
* U.S. GO'IERHWENT PRIMTIN6 OFFICE : \673-729-lL7/1742
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR F O R M TQ*301 A NATIOWAL PARK SERVICE (* /72J HATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM (Type ell entries - attach to or enclose m'lh photabraphl -
1 , NAME - COMMDN I n ~ . r a / o ~ H l S T a n l C INUMLAIC CODE (Anatdncd by N P S ~
I I
2. LOCATION
County L ine School & Lodge County L l ne Academy I S T A T E
Arkansas
I I Preservation Program
COUP4 T Y TONH
Fu l ton near Gepp
3. Pno-ro R E F E R E N C E
4. IDENTI FlChTlOhl P E S C R I B E V I E W . D IAECTldN. ETC.
S T R E E T &NO PIUMBER
on rura l road a t point Just west of Baxter-Ful ton county 1 ine, and about two miles south of Arknasas-Missouri s t a t e l i n e .
Facade and north elevation, vlewed from northwest
N e d A T l V E F I L E D A T
Arkansas Historic
- P H O T O C R E D I T
Robert Dunn
- - -
GPO 812.009
CEAf E
September, 1974
F O R M 10.301 A ( & / 7 a 1
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL P A R K SERVtCC
NATIONAL REGiSf El? OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPER? Y PHOTOGRAPH FORM
County Line School & Lodge I County Line Academy
(Type all entries - o r t ~ h to os en cI-e with pihafagraph) __C/.-
1. NAME COMMON A N D / O R H I S T O R I C NUMERIC CODE (Aa.!@ad ~ F N P S )
2. LOCATlON
9. IOENTlFICATlON - - D E J C R t 8 6 V I E W . D I R E C T I O N . E T C .
h- PHOTO REFERENCE
Second floor i n t e r i o r
T O W H
near Gepp ' S T A T E
Arkansas
G P O 1191.D09
S T R E E T AMD NUMBER
on rural road a t pdint j u s t west sf Baxter-Ful t on county l ine, and about two m i l e s s o u t h o f Arkansas-Missouri s t a t e 1 Fne
C O U N T Y
Tul ton
N E G * T I V E PILED A T
Arkansas H i s t o r i c Preservat ion Program
PHOTO CHEDlT
Robert Qunn D A T E
September, 1974
GAMALIEL QUAD ARKANSAS - M I S
2.5 M I N U T E SERIF:: 'TC
Form 18-301 (July 196Bl'
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE lMTERlQR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM
UYDE all entries - attach to or encIose with map1 1. MAME COMMON AND/OR HISTOR~C NUMERIC CODE (nsslgnmd NPS)
Cd.unty Line School and Lodge County Line Academy
2. LOCATION S T A T E C O U N T Y T O W N
Arkznsas Fulton near Gepp STFZEET &NU NUMBER
w e s t of the Baxter-Fultan cour ty line; t w o miles s o u t h of the Nissowri-Arkansas s t a t e line I .
3. MAP REFEREHCE ; I : SOURCE D A T E I SCALE ;! i
U.S.G.S. 7 . 5 M i n u t e I 1 j j - .
Gar.aliel Quadrangle 11965 11/?409Cl ~ E O U I R E M E N T S : PRQFERTY SOWNDD,R~ES, W ~ . E R E R E W U ~ S E O . AND NORTH A R S O H ~
k -- 5 9
+
E G P O 4 3 Z . C I P L