I. What are the 5 conditions that must remain constant for a population to be in evolutionary equilibrium? (try to name at least 4 of them)

POP QUIZ!

In this species, yellow (120) is dominant to blue (80).

Using this population of butterflies and the Hardy- Weinberg law:

1. Calculate p and q for this population.

2. What do p and q represent?

3. Describe the probable genotypic ratios of this population. (what are the frequencies of each of the following genotypes: BB, Bb and bb.)

4. How many of the yellow butterflies are most likely BB and how many are Bb?

5. Why is this information important to evolutionary biologists?

In this species, yellow is dominant to blue.

120 yellow, 80 blue

• 6. If a scientist returns to this population each year and observes that the population continually has the same frequencies of p & q, what is most likely occurring (or not occurring) in this population?

• 7. Why?

(Ch22) Homologous & Analogous structures

• Analogous structures are common structures adapted to common environments, but not evolutionarily (genetically) related.

• This is _________ evolution.

• Analogous structures are common structures adapted to common environments, but not evolutionarily (genetically) related.

• This is

convergent evolution.

• “It is the population, not the individual, that evolves.”

• What is biological “fitness”?

Some examples of the results of Sexual selection

• What is the biological definition of a species?

Fig 24.04

Is this allopatric or sympatric speciation?

Is this allopatric or sympatric?

• What is MACRO-EVOLUTION?

• And what are some ways in which it can occur?

                                    

                                                    

• Which terms belong together? (make two groups)

1. Homologous structures 2. Analogous structures

divergent evolution adaptive radiation convergent evolution

• Which terms belong together? (make two groups)gene flow genetic drift bottleneck

immigration emigration founder effect

• What is evolutionary ‘fitness’?– If it is determined that an allele reduces fitness,

what does that mean? And

– How is it determined that fitness is reduced?

• What is the complete scientific classification of humans?

AnimaliaChordataMammaliaPrimateHominidaeHomo sapiens

• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus • Species

• Homo sapiens• Escherichia coli

• Phylogeny&Cladistics

• Phylogeny

• Did dogs evolve from cats?

• OR

• Did cats evolve from dogs?

• OR

• Neither?