IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency
IAEA MILESTONE APPROACH AND SERVICES FOR COUNTRIES
LAUNCHING A NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME
17 June 2010, Vienna
Don KovacicInfrastructure and Planning TeamNPES/NENP
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Where is the interest in nuclear power?
30 countries with operating reactors
43 Countries considering nuclear power
25 Countries have expressed interest in nuclear power
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IAEA’s role in supporting the peaceful use of nuclear power• Developing Standards and Guidance• Providing Reviews and Services• Supporting Capacity Building• Promoting Knowledge Networks• Providing a forum for communicating,
increasing transparency, sharing lessons learnedCatalyst to facilitate the proper development of infrastructure
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Guidance for developing infrastructure
•Sequential development through the 3 Phases for each of 19 infrastructure issues
•Ranging from government’s national position on nuclear power to procurement of items and services for the 1st NPP
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Preparing for assuming commitments & obligationsIn
frastr
uctur
e dev
elopm
ent p
rogr
am1st
. NPP
Proje
ct
Commissioning
Operation / decommissioning
Nuclear power option included within the
national energy strategy
∼ 10 – 15 years
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
PHASE 1
MILESTONE 1Ready to make a knowledgeable
commitment to a nuclear programme
MILESTONE 2Ready to invite bidsfor the first NPP
MILESTONE 3Ready to commission and
operate the first NPP
Feasibility study Bidding process
Pre project Project decision making Construction
Considerations before a decision to launch a nuclear power programme is taken
Preparatory work for the construction of a NPP after a policy decision has been taken
Activities to implement a first NPP
Maintenance and continuous infrastructure improvement
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
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Comprehensive approach to nuclear powerKey Infrastructure Issues• National position• Nuclear safety• Management• Funding and financing• Legislative framework• Safeguards• Regulatory framework• Radiation protection• Electrical grid• Human resources development
• Stakeholder involvement• Site and supporting facilities
• Environmental protection• Emergency planning• Security and physical protection
• Nuclear fuel cycle• Radioactive waste• Industrial involvement• Procurement
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Recently issued- Evaluation of the National Nuclear Infrastructure Development Status- Responsibilities and Competencies of the NEPIO (Nuclear Energy Programme Implementation Organization)- Improving the prospects of Financing Nuclear Power Plants- Responsibilities and capabilities of the owner/operator
organizationsUnder Preparation- Preparation and evaluation of bids for nuclear power plants- Workforce Planning for a New Nuclear Power Programme- Managing Siting Activities for Nuclear Installation- National Industry Involvement
IAEA Infrastructure Guidance Documents
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Infrastructure Services for Milestones Approach
Milestone Mission-Introduction of MilestonesDocument
- Identify the elements forfurther efforts
- (Assistance to NEPIOEstablishment)
Assistance to Self-Evaluation - Introduce and exerciseSelf Assessment process- Advise on establishing necessary evaluation mechanism
INIR: Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review- Holistic evaluation of the development status of 19 issues-Identification of areas for further attention
Pre-INIR mission be conducted for Administrative Arrangement
Guidance Materials-Milestones in the Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power-Evaluation of the status of national infrastructure development-Responsibilities and Capabilities of a Nuclear Energy Programme Implementing Organization (NEPIO)-Draft Safety Standards on Establishing a Safety Infrastructure for a National Nuclear Power Programme-Other NE series documents and Safety standards applicable-INIR Guideline (Only for INIR)
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Milestone Mission and the NEPIO The Organization that will lead the way to achieving Milestones 1 and 2.
- Stakeholder-wide coordination group to compile the information necessary for a knowledgeable policy decision for a nuclear programme
- NEPIO is one of the keys to the success of the nuclear power programme- Study issues and conditions necessary for successful implementation of
nuclear power;- NP in the electricity market and generation mix- Economics of nuclear power- Expected role of the government and the private sector in the
development of the nuclear programme etc.- Formulate policy, - Plan their implementation, and- Recommend to Government (Minister)
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?Stakeholders…
Utilities
Nat. industry
Universities
Atomic E.A.
NEPIO
Government
Regulators
Ministries& others
Owner Operator
NuclearRegulator
NationalSuppliers
Phase 1 Phase 2
MILESTONE 1 MILESTONE 2
NEPIO build-up (Phase 1) and absorption (Phase 2) into permanent entities
NEPIO
IAEA1111 Korean Program-IAEA 8.21 ’08
19561956preparationpreparation 1958 Enact Atomic Energy Act & Establish Atomic Energy Department
1957 Join IAEA1956 Delegation for First ICPUAE & ROK-US Atomic Energy Agreement
19611961planplan 1968 Confirm long-term plan & Invite Bid for NPP & Sign NPT
1964 Start Site Evaluation and Selection (confirm site in 1966)1961 Establish KEPCO & First Five Year Economic Development Plan
19691969constructionconstruction 1978 Commercial operation of NPP
& contract 4th NPP in non-turnkey1975 Entry into force of NPT, Join CSA1971 Start first NPP construction in turnkey-basis
19781978OperationOperation& localization& localization 1990 Establish Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety
1989 Start construction localized plant & Join COCOM1981 Establish Nuclear Safety Center
History of Korean NP Programme
IAEA1212 Korean Program-IAEA 8.21 ’08
Lessons of Korean NP Programme (1)
• Integration of diverse knowledge and experience from inside and outside-Wide range of knowledge and experience gathered in NEPIO
Wide knowledge
& Experience
fromdomestic &international
area
SurveyNecessaryinformationmore easier
&Communicatemore often
Synergyeffectswithin
programme
IAEA1313 Korean Program-IAEA 8.21 ’08
Lessons of Korean NP Programme (2)• Strong authority for leader of programme
-Involving diverse organization in programme- Need firm leadership with clear goals and responsibility of each organization
Ministry level government agency directly Responsibleto the President
Ministry level government agency directly Responsibleto the President
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Self Evaluation and INIR Missions
•Holistic approach to evaluate progress in development of the nuclear infrastructure
MS self-evaluation
International peer review(INIR Mission)
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Assistance to Self-Evaluation
• Covers milestones 1 and 2• Can be carried out at any point to review progress• Addresses each of the 19 infrastructure issues• For each condition, identifies the evidence that
will show it has been met• Seeks to avoid duplication as much as possible
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Evidence
• Reports• Meeting notes • Correspondence • Talks and presentations • Conferences attended with meeting reports• CVs, organization and job descriptions
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Work Programmes
For each issue, there should be a clear work programme for the next phase showing:
• The objectives of the work programme• The detailed activities• Who is responsible for each activity,• The funding and resources required,• How it will be provided• The timescales for each activity.
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Evaluation Steps
• Determine the scope and terms of reference. • Identify the organizations to be involved and the
individuals who will conduct the evaluation• Evaluate the status of the infrastructure against
the basis listed • Identify areas needing further attention• Preparing an action plan to address these
areas.
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And an overall conclusion:�Significant actions needed; �Minor actions needed�No actions needed
Basis for Evaluation Evidence Actions Suggested
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Self-Evaluation report
• Identification of the ‘team of evaluators’• Identification of the ‘team of respondents’• A description of the process used• Lists of the evidence reviewed • Further actions required• Summary conclusions for each condition• References to any relevant material used• Confidentiality requirements, if any.
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How is it used?Self-evaluation –“an essential tool for any learning organization.”• include staff from the organizations involved• augment with experts from own or another
country.• key requirements are:
• a good understanding of the infrastructure issues knowledge and experience in conducting evaluation activities
• a level of “independence”
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Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review (INIR) Missions
• Holistic IAEA coordinated external peer review • Conducted by a team of international expert • Lead by IAEA • Upon request from MSObjective• Assess the national infrastructure development status
• Provide assistance to MSScope• 19 infrastructure issues
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• Main DocumentsINIR
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INIRTypes of review missions
A.- PreliminaryFirst evaluation mission looks at the whole situation2 - 4 persons x 1 week
B.- Follow-upSuccessive evaluations along development programme2 – 4 persons x 1 week
C.- Before bid invitationAt the end of phase 26 - 8 persons x 2 weeks
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INIR MissionsBefore bid invitationComprehensive external review mission
• Achievement of Milestone 2 is a key stage• Demonstrate readiness to construct first NPP• Enhance national & international confidence• Able to hold commercial discussions with potential suppliers
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INIR
Performance of review• Written material• Interviews• Direct observations• Visits• Responses to recommendations from previous missions
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INIROutcome
• Evaluation of development status for each infrastructure issue
�No actions needed�Minor actions needed�Significant actions needed
• Suggestions for action plan
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1 National Position Phase 1Condition Status1.1 Safety, security and non-proliferation needs recognized
Minor Actions Needed1.2 NEPIO established and staffed No Actions Needed1.3 National strategy defined No Actions Needed
2 Nuclear Safety Phase 1Condition Status2.1 Understanding of key elements of nuclear safety
Minor Actions Needed2.2 Need of intergovernmental instruments on safety
No Actions Needed2.3 Support through international cooperation Significant Actions Needed
INIR
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INIR Conducted• Jordan August 2009 – completed
• Indonesia November 2009 – completed
• Vietnam December 2009 - completed
INIR
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Upcoming Workshops/TMs for Information Exchange
• Workshop on Topical Issues for Nuclear Infrastructure – Siting, 5-9 July 2010
• Technical Meeting on Industrial Involvement and Technology Transfer for Nuclear Power Program, 6-9 September 2010
• Workshop on Topical Issues for Nuclear Infrastructure development, February 2011
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Coordination of Agency’s Assistance Programmefor Countries embarking on Nuclear Power
• In order to coordinate the Agency’s assistance program for countries embarking on nuclear power, a new Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Group (INIG) is being formed.
• This group is within the NPES and will coordinate the IAEA assistance to MS for nuclear power infrastructure development with cooperation from other IAEA departments.
• Technical Working Group on Nuclear Infrastructurebeing created to better support MS infrastructure needs
• These will provide better experience to MS who are seeking guidance and assistance for their infrastructure development needs.
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Coordination of Agency’s Assistance Programmefor Countries embarking on Nuclear Power
Ref: Construction and Commissioning Experience of Evolutionary Water Cooled Nuclear Power Plant (TECDOC-1390), Management the first NPP (TECDOC-1390), other NE series documents
NP Construction Management
Ref: Financing of New NPP, Issues to Improve the prospects of financing nuclear power plants, FINPLAN Model
Financing StrategyFinancing
Ref: Draft report on Invitation and Evaluation of Bids for NPPBIS preparation and evaluationRef: Draft report on Technology Assessment of Advanced NPP Design, Database of Reactor Designs
Selection of Nuclear Technology
The key issues for NP Project be explained.Ref: Nuclear Project Management (TRS-279)
Nuclear Power Project Management
Management
Ref: Safety standards (GS-R-3 etc)Management System (MS)
Evaluation of economic and financial viability of Nuclear Power(IAEA’s analytical tool for this evaluation can be provided)
Energy Planning
Review and suggestions for the plan/ studyAssistance to Strategic Plan, Feasibility Study (FS), pre-FS
NationalPosition
Objective/ Guidance Materials (Ref.)Sub-ElementElement
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INPRO and Milestones approach• The INPRO methodology includes an assessment area called “infrastructure”• The Milestones Approach lists 19 issues and calls these “infrastructure” required for the first NPP• All of the main issues with developing Nuclear Energy are covered under both methodologies• Therefore, the main differences are:
• The Milestones approach identifies gaps and helps a MS develop the national infrastructure to implement their first NPP based more or less on existing nuclear energy technology• INPRO/NESA focuses on developing nuclear energy innovations both technical and institutional and the associated infrastructures needed to address anticipated MS needs in the coming century
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INPRO and Milestones approach
• Milestones involves near-term decisions that must be made by government ministries and related organizations (within 15-20 years)
• INPRO/NESA involves considering innovative approaches or enhancements to existing nuclear energy programs and to plan for long-term sustainability of a MS Nuclear Energy System (within 50-100 years)
IAEA…atoms for peace.
Thank you for your attention…
