IBM AS400 RPG IV Training Course(Course Code OL86)--5

7/29/2019 IBM AS400 RPG IV Training Course(Course Code OL86)--5

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Unit 4. Manipulating Data in Calculations


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CopyrightIBM

Corp.1996,2000

4-2

Unit Objectives - Data Manipulation

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

code calculation specifications using free form operation codes, andexpressions for:

assignment of numeric, character, and logical values arithmetic operations logical operations string handling operations

Code Built In Functions in expressionsOL864000


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Types of Expressions

Assignment / Data conversion

Arithmetic

Logical

StringOL864005


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Assignment Opcodes

Eval

Assignment via simple expression Result = Expression Supports all Data Types

Data types must be compatible Left justified with character operands

EvalR - same as Eval but:

Character only

Right justified

Move

Right justified

MoveL

Left justified

MoveA

For arraysOL864105


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Numeric Assignment

Assign Value

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval NumericVar = 567**

C Eval Num2 = 0 - Num2

Clear Numeric to Zero

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq**

C Eval NumericVar = 0C Eval NumericVar = *Zeros

OL864110


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Assignment of Character Variable

Assign Value to Character Variable

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval CharVar = A_StringC EvalR CharVar = A_String

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC MoveL (P) A_String CharVarC Move (P) A_String CharVar

Assign Blanks to Character Variable

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval CharVar = C Eval CharVar = *BlanksC EvalR CharVar = *Blanks

**CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++C MoveL *Blanks CharVarC Move *Blanks CharVar

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Move

Character to Character

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Char3 S 3 Inz( NOP )D Char6 S 6 Inz( ABCDEF )CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq**

C Move Char3 Char6** Char6 = ABCNOP

Numeric to Character

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Num3 S 3 0 Inz(123-)D Char6 S 6 Inz( ABCDEF )

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq**C Move Num3 Char6** Char6 = ABC12L

Character to Numeric

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++Comments

D Char3 S 3 Inz( NOP )D Num5 S 5 0 Inz(12345)CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq**C Move Char3 Num5** Num5 = 12567-

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MoveL

Numeric to Character

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Num3 S 3 0 Inz(123-)D Char6 S 6 Inz( ABCDEF )CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode++++Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq

**C MoveL Num3 Char6** Char6 = 12LDEF

Character to Numeric (Long)

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Char3 S 3 Inz( NOP )

D Num5 S 5 0 Inz(12345)CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode++++Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq**C MoveL Char3 Num5** Num5 = 56745

Character to Numeric (Short)

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Char3 S 3 Inz( NOP )D Num2 S 2 0 Inz(12)CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode++++Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC MoveL Char3 Num2** Num2 = 56-

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CopyrightIBM

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Rules of Move

Move/MoveL/MoveA controlled by length of shorter field length

Data conversion is automatic

Result field cleared first by P extender

Decimal Alignment not performedOL864130


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CopyrightIBMC

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OL864200


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orp.1996,2000

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Arithmetic Opcodes

Legacy OpCodes:

ADD SUB MULT DIV MVR XFOOT SQRT Z-ADD Z-SUB

Best coded using EVALs and BIFsOL864205


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CopyrightIBMC

orp.1996,2000

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Addition and Subtraction

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval YTDPay = YTDPay + GrsPay**

C Eval NetPay = Netpay - Taxes**

C Eval NumericVar = Var1 - Var2 + 3 + Const1

OL864210


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CopyrightIBMC

orp.1996,2000

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Multiplication

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Result1 S 5P 1D Result2 S 5P 1D Result3 S 5P 2

**CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval Result1 = 123.456 * 10** Result1 = 1234.5 - truncated

C Eval (H) Result2 = 123.456 * 10

** Result2 = 1234.6 - roundedC 123.456 Eval (H) Result3= 10 * 123.466** Result3 = 234.56 - numeric overflow

OL864215


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CopyrightIBMC

orp.1996,2000

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Numeric Overflow

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD NumericVar S 7P 2D Fld1 S 3 0 INZ(993)D Fld2 S 3 0 INZ(50)

D Fld3 S 4 1D Fld4 S 5 1**

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval Fld3 = Fld1 + Fld2

C Eval Fld4 = Fld1 * Fld2

What will be the values of Fld3 and Fld4?

What will happen when these statements are executed?OL864220


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CopyrightIBMC

orp.1996,2000

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Division and Remainders

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD NumericVar S 5P 0D Remainder S 5P 0D Months S 3 0 INZ(54)D Years S 3 0 INZ

D RemMon S 2 0 INZCL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq***************************************************************C Eval NumericVar = 200 / 3**** NumericVar = 66

***************************************************************

C Eval (H) NumericVar = 200 / 3**** NumericVar = 67

***************************************************************C Eval NumericVar = %div(200:3)C Eval Remainder = %rem(200:3)** NumericVar = 66

** Remainder = 2***************************************************************C Eval Years = Months / 12C Eval RemMon = %rem(Months : 12)** Years = 4** PartMon = 6

OL864225


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CopyrightIBMC

orp.1996,2000

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Exponentiation

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++++D CubeRoot S 5 3D Cubed S 5 3**

D Number S 4S 0 Inz(144)D SqRoot S 2S 0**

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval (H) Cubed = 3**3

C Eval CubeRoot = Cubed**(1/3)** CubeRoot = 2.99

C Eval (H) CubeRoot = Cubed**(1/3)** CubeRoot = 3

C Eval SqRoot = Number**.5

** SqRoot = 12

OL864230


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OL86410L


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orp.1996,2000

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Comparison Operations

x = y Equality

x y Not equal

x > y Greater Than

x >= y Greater Than or Equal

x < y Less Than

x


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Class Exercise

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++

** 1C Eval *In99 = *ON

** 2

C Eval *In99 = (X > Y)** 3C Eval *In99 = (X > Y) AND (Z 0)

** 4C Eval *In99 = ((X > Y) AND (Z 0)) OR *In23

** 5C Eval *In99 = (X > Y) OR NOT *in23

What is the meaning of each expression?OL864310


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Setting Indicators

CN0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval *In99 = *ONC Eval *In(99) = *ON

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Move *ON *In99**

**C MoveA 101 *In(97)**C Eval *In97 = *OnC Eval *In98 = *offC Eval *In(99) = *ON

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If / Else / EndIf

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C If Fld1 = Fld2C Eval *In99 = *ONC ElseC Eval FldTot = FldTot + Fld1C Endif

C Eval *In99 = (Fld1 = Fld2)

C If NOT *In99C Eval Fldtot = Fldtot + Fld1

C Endif**C If *In10

: : :C If NOT *In10

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Ol864325

OL864400


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String Handling BIFs

BIF Purpose

%CHAR Convert to character

%EDITC Edit numeric using edit code

%EDITW Edit numeric using edit word

%REPLACE Replaces all or part of character string

%SCAN Matches search argument against character string

%SUBST Extracts substring from a character string

%TRIM Removes left and right blanks from a string

%TRIML Removes left blanks from a string

%TRIMR Removes right blanks from a string OL864405


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Concatenation

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++D FirstName S 6 INZ( John )D LastName S 6 INZ( Smith )D FullName S 15 INZ

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval FullName = FirstName + LastName** FullName = John Smith

C Eval FullName = FirstName + + LastName** FullName = John Smith

C Eval FullName = FirstName + + LastName** FullName = John Smith

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Remove Blanks - %TRIM

%TRIM(string) %TRIML(string) %TRIMR(string)

%TRIM strips leading and trailing blanks from character or graphic fields

%TRIML strips leading blanks only

%TRIMR strips trailing blanks only

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD AString S 17 Inz( This is it )D Another S 12 InzD YetAnoter S 20 InzD BigOne S 26 InzD OneMore S 10 InzCL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++

C Eval Another = %TRIML(AString)** Another = This is it C Eval YetAnother = %TRIMR(AString) + ? ? ** YetAnother = This is it?? C Eval OneMore = %TRIM(AString)** OneMore = This is itC Eval BigOne = %TRIMR(AString) + %TRIML(AString)** BigOne = This is itThis is it

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++D FirstName S 6 INZ( John )D LastName S 6 INZ( Smith )D FullName S 15 INZCL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval FullName = %trimr(LastName)C + , C + %trimr(FirstName)

** FullName = Smith, John

OL864415


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CopyrightIBMCo

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Determine the Length of a String - %Len

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Length S 2 0 InzD String S 25 Inz( Learning Services )

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval Length = %Len(String)** Length = 25

C Eval Length = %Len(%TrimR(String))** Length = 17

OL864420


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CopyrightIBMCo

rp.1996,2000

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Scan for Character String - %Scan (1/2)

%SCAN(search argument : source string {: start})

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Position S 2 0 Inz

D String1 S 7 Inz( ABCDEFG )D String2 S 2 Inz( RS )D String3 S 5 Inz( TUVXY )D String4 S 25 Inz( Learn )CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq

**C Eval Position = %scan( CD : String1)** Position = 3

C Eval Position = %scan(String2 : String3 : 3)** Position = 0

C If %scan(%trim(String4) : String3)**

OL864425


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Scan for Character String - %Scan (2/2)

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Source S 15A Inz( Dr. Doolittle )D Pos S 5 0 InzCL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++

C Eval pos = %scan( oo : source)** 1 Pos = 6C Eval pos = %scan( D : source : 2)** 2 Pos = 5

C Eval pos = %scan( abc : source)** 3 Pos = 0

C Eval pos = %scan( Dr. : source : 2)** 4 Pos = 0

OL864430


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Extract Substring - %Subst

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Comment S 16 INZ( It s a great day )D NameField S 20 INZ( John Smith )D FirstName S 10 INZ

D ReverseNm S 20 INZD BlankPos S 2 0 INZCL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval %SUBST(Comment:8:5) = lousy** The field Comment = It s a lousy day

C Eval BlankPos = %scan( : NameField)C Eval FirstName = %SUBST(NameField : 1 :C BlankPos -1)** FirstName = John

C Eval ReverseNm = %TrimR(%Subst(NameField :C BlankPos + 1))

C + , C + %Subst(NameField : 1 :C BlankPos - 1)** ReverseNm = Smith, John

OL864435


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Convert to Character - %Char

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD PostalCode S 5 0 Inz(30101)D PostExtend S 4 0 Inz(3490)D FullPostCode S 10 Inz**CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEqC Eval FullPostCode = %char(PostalCode)

C +

C + %char(PostExtend)

OL864440


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Edit with %EditC / %EditW

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD AvlCost S 7 2 Inz(12500.00)D AvlPrice S 9 2 Inz(250000.00)D EditAmount S 50D EditWd C , , **Dollars& &Cents**CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++

C Eval EditAmount =Inventory cost is

C + %editc(AvlCost : K : *cursym)** EditAmount = Inventory cost is $12,500.00**C Eval EditAmount = Inventory price is C + %editw(AvlPrice : EditWd)** EditAmount = Inventory price is **250,000*Dollars 00 Cents

OL864445


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CopyrightIBMCo

rp.1996,2000

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Convert String - XLATE

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Phone S 8 Inz(974 8088 )D PhoneNbr S Like(Phone)**

D Upper C IVXLD Lower C ivxl**

D Atable S 6 Inz( RPG iv )D Btable S Like(Atable)*************************************************************CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode&ExtFactor2+++++++Result++++++++C : - Xlate Phone PhoneNbr** PhoneNbr = 974-8088

C Lower:Upper Xlate Atable Btable** Btable = RPG IV

OL864450


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Replace String of Characters -

%Replace

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Greetings S 50 Inz( We wish you, &C, +D a Happy Birthday! )D FullName S 30 Inz( Mr. Smith )D Position S 2 0CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2+++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval Position = %scan (&C : Greetings)

C If Position > 0C Eval Greetings = %replace(%trim(FullName) :C Greetings : Position : 2)C EndIf** Greetings = We wish you, Mr. Smith, a Happy Birthday!

OL864455


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OL864505

P d R l U i P th


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CopyrightIBMCo

rp.1996,2000

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Precedence Rules - Using Parentheses

( ) are highest in precedence; use them to:

Break up complex expressions Ensure accurate results

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++** Actual Unit Price = ItemPrice - ItemDscnt** Calculate total price of items ordered (OrdQty)**

C Eval Total = OrdQty * ItemPrice - ItemDscnt

** Above calculation is not correct. Should be written:**C Eval Total = OrdQty * (ItemPrice - ItemDscnt)

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++** Correct but ambiguous:C If *IN03 OR Count > Max AND *IN99** Better:

C If *IN03 OR (Count > Max AND *IN99)

OL864510

Precision Expressions


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Precision - Expressions

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD MarkUpPct1 S 5P 2D MarkUpPct2 S Like(MarkUpPct1)

D List S 11P 2 Inz(4.0)D Cost S Like(List)D Inz(3.0)CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval MarkUpPct1 = (List - Cost) / (Cost / 100)** MarkUpPct1 = 33.00

C Eval MarkUpPct2 = (List - Cost) / (Cost / 100.00** MarkUpPct2 = 33.30

Expected value of mark up Percentage is 33.33OL864515

Specifying Precision Rules


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Specifying Precision Rules

Resulting Decimal Positions:

*RESDECPOS on H-spec applies to ALL Evals R-extender without *RESDECPOS applies to single Eval

Maximum Digits:

*MAXDIGITS on H-spec (default) applies to ALL Evals

M-extender to apply max. digits rules to single Eval

H ExprOpts(*RESDECPOS)

DName+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++Comments**D PackedN1 s 13p 2D PackedN2 s 13p 2D PackedN3 s 13p 2**

CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++

** Accuracy is maintained to TWO decimal placesC Eval PackedN1 = PackedN1 * PackedN2 * PackedN3** Accuracy is maintained to THREE decimal places** because of rounding

C Eval (h) PackedN1 = PackedN1 * PackedN2 * PackedN3

Ol864520


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Precision Using %FLOAT

Dname+++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Keywords++++++++CommentsD Three_00 S 5P 2 Inz(3)D Two_00 S 5P 2 Inz(2)D One S 1P 0 Inz(1)**D Ans1 S 5P 2D Ans2 S 5P 2D Ans3 S 5P 2CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval Ans1 = (Two_00 / (Three_00 / One))** Ans1 is 0.00C Eval (R) Ans2 = (Two_00 / (Three_00 / One))** Ans2 is 0.66C Eval Ans3 = %Float(Two_00 / (Three_00 / One))** Ans3 is 0.66

OL864525


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%DEC / %DECH / %DECPOS BIFs

D Three_00 S 5P 2 Inz(3)D Two_00 S 5P 2 Inz(2)D One S 1P 0 Inz(1)**D Ans1 S Like(Three_00)D Ans2 S Like(Three_00)D Ans3 S Like(Three_00)D Pos1 S 3P 0D Pos2 S Like(Pos1)**CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Extended-factor2++++++++++++++++++++++++++C Eval Ans1 = (Two_00 / (Three_00 / One)) ++++* |______________|* (30,27)* |________________________|* (30,0)

C Eval Pos1 = %Decpos(Two_00 / (Three_00/One))** Ans1 is 0.00 Pos1 is 0C Eval Ans2 = (Two_00 / %Dec(Three_00/One:5:2))C Eval Pos2 = %Decpos(Two_00 /C %Dec(Three_00/One:5:2))** Ans2 is 0.66 Pos2 is 25C Eval Ans3 = %DecH(Two_00 / (Three_00/One):5:2)** Ans3 is 0.67

OL864530


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OL86420L

Unit Summary


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Unit Summary

Having completed this unit, you should be able to:

code calculation specifications using free form operation codes, andexpressions for:

assignment of numeric, character, and logical values arithmetic operations logical operations string handling operations

Code Built In Functions in expressionsOL864ZZZ

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IBM AS400 RPG IV Training Course(Course Code OL86)--5

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