ICCROM - Newsletter 27 · Rahel Wolde Mikael, Administrative Assistant Collections Programme...

October 2001

INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THE STUDY OF THE PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY

27

Office of the Director-GeneralNicholas Stanley-Price, Director-General

Gaël de Guichen, Assistant to theDirector-General (retired 31 July2001)

P. Richard Lindo, Chief OperatingOfficer

Pilar House, Personal Assistant tothe Director-General

Françoise Ghin, AssistantSecretary

Vincenzo Alibrandi, SwitchboardOperator/Registrar

Advocacy ProgrammeGaël de Guichen, ProgrammeDirector (retired 31 July 2001)

Monica Ardemagni, ProjectManager

Susan Inman, AdministrativeAssistant

Architecture andArchaeological SitesProgrammeAlejandro Alva Balderrama,Programme Director

Maria Teresa Jaquinta, ProjectManager

Ernesto Borrelli, Laboratory Co-ordinator

Rahel Wolde Mikael,Administrative Assistant

Collections ProgrammeCatherine Antomarchi,Programme Director

Rocco Mazzeo, Project Manager

Katriina Similä, Project Manager

Liliana Rizzo Vecchio,Administrative Assistant (retired30 September 2001)

Françoise Vogel, AdministrativeAssistant

Heritage SettlementsProgrammeHerb Stovel, Programme Director

Nobuko Inaba, Project Manager(seconded from Japan)

Joseph King, Project Manager

Marie-France Adolphe,Administrative Assistant

Sonia Widmer, AdministrativeAssistant

Documentation, Library andArchivesMarie-Christine Uginet, Manager

Edda Trettin, Librarian

Margaret Ohanessian, LibraryAssistant

Gianna Paganelli, LibraryAssistant

Nicolina Falciglia, TechnicalAssistant

Office of Communication andInformationTerry Little, Manager

Monica Garcia Robles, Head, Weband Data Management (onsecondment to the Government ofPeru until 30 September 2002)

M. Anna Stewart, Head, TrainingInformation and Fellowships

Elisa Ortiz, AdministrativeAssistant

Administration and LogisticServicesP. Richard Lindo, Chief OperatingOfficer

Patrice Simonnet, EPA Fund Co-ordinator (seconded from France)

Roberto Nahum, InformationSystems Administrator

Alessandro Menicucci, Head ofAccountancy

Sally Bolstridge, AccountancyClerk

Maurizio Moriconi, AccountancyClerk

Enrico Carra, Head of Logistics

Pietro Baldi, Logistics Assistant

Fabio Tosti, Messenger and Driver

ICCROM Staff

Editor-in-Chief:Terry Little

Editor: Maureen B. Fant

French edition: Marthe Lemery, Françoise Vogel

Production assistant: Elisa Ortiz

Photo research: Maria Mata Caravaca

Design and layout: Giancarlo De Pol

Printed in Italy by: La Fenice Grafica

ISBN 92-9077-174-7

ISSN 1010-2639

In addition to the ICCROMImage Archive, we thank thefollowing for the use ofphotographs: CatherineAntomarchi, Ernesto Borelli,Emmanuel Caillé, CRATerre-EAG, Gaël de Guichen, JosephKing, Elena Incerti Medici, JukkaJokilehto, Maria TeresaJaquinta, Claire-Emmanuelle leMoal, Katriina Similä, HerbStovel

Cover: Days after an earthquakein June 2001, Franz Gruppcares for a painting rescuedfrom the Ermita de Jerusalén inthe Convent of Santa Teresa inArequipa, Peru. See page 17 forthe story. Photograph byMagdalena Fuenzalida.

ICCROM Newsletter, vol. 27,October 2001

ICCROM Newsletter, vol. 27, October 2001

From the Director-General’s desk

New Member StatesOfficial matters

ICCROM’s key partnersIn memoriam

Programmes and Activities in 2001The Advocacy Programme

MEDIA SAVE ART AwardGraffiti: Time to change strategy?

The Architecture and Archaeological Sites ProgrammeInternational Architectural Conservation Course (ARC)

Project TerraThe NAMEC Programme

Other activitiesThe ICCROM Laboratory

The Collections ProgrammeConservation in use

Sharing Conservation Science: vers un langage commun (SCS)Conservation and Use of Collections (CUC)

Current projectsNews from regional partners

The Heritage Settlements ProgrammeIntegrated Territorial and Urban Conservation (ITUC)

AFRICA 2009Technical training for the conservation of building materials, and

technologies

Meetings and Events November 2001 through December 2002

Recent library acquisitionsPublications for sale at ICCROM

ICCROM’s Partners in 2001

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER1

CONTENTSCONTENTS

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I n s i d e b a c k c o v e r

FROM THEDIRECTOR-GENERAL’S DESK

FROM THEDIRECTOR-GENERAL’S DESK

Nicholas Stanley-Price

In the first dawn of the new millennium, twocontroversies in particular have raisedfundamental issues for those concernedwith the preservation of cultural heritage.One was associated quite specifically withthe threat and then the actual act ofdeliberate destruction of the two rock-cutstatues of the Buddha at Bamiyan inAfghanistan in March 2001. The other is thewider, continuing debate over the benefitsand costs of the globalization of society,which popular concern has forced onto themeetings agenda of the world’s politicalleaders.

Both debates have profound implications for aninternational, intergovernmental organization suchas ICCROM that is devoted to the preservation ofcultural heritage. There are implications in thedemolitions at Bamiyan for re-thinking severalpremises on which cultural heritage preservationis based, for instance the notion of a universalheritage value. The ramifications of theglobalization debate may appear to be lessimmediately relevant. But it raises importantquestions about preserving cultural diversity (andnot least its material form) in the face of theincreasing homogenization of world culture.Moreover, at a more mundane but nonethelessreal level, global climate change is apparentlythreatening the physical survival of culturalheritage (for instance through sea-level change,severe flooding, and atmospheric pollution).

As an international organization, ICCROM has

necessarily to recognize and to promote thecultural diversity that is characteristic of the world.Preservation of the material expressions of thatdiversity is the goal with which ICCROM wascreated by UNESCO in 1956. Needless to say,preservation of those material expressions issubject to the values attached to them by society.The medium in which cultural heritage isexpressed may take either a tangible or anintangible form—this has long been recognized.And successful preservation of the materialexpressions is informed by a full understanding ofall cultural heritage, both tangible and intangible.

Understanding andcommunication It is in the area of cultural understanding that thechallenges arise. They arise in situations thatrequire understanding cross-culturally, across thedisciplines, between the sciences and the arts,between the professionals and the non-specialists, and even between the young and theold. It is true that communication has become thefastest-growing global industry; but successfulcommunication depends on much more thanmodems and instant connectivity.

This is why education, training, and advocacy,in different forms, remain fundamental topromoting respect for cultural diversity and topreserving its material expressions. And it is whyICCROM continues to draw upon its longexperience in this area to promote the goal withwhich it was originally founded, of contributing tothe conservation of cultural heritage.

The strategies adopted by ICCROM to achievethis goal have, of course, evolved substantiallyover the years. The major shifts in strategy areevident to the reader who compares the activitiesreported upon in this newsletter with thosedescribed in the annual newsletter of, say, fifteenyears ago. In the 1980s, the most visiblecomponent of ICCROM’s professional educationstrategies was the four regular courses heldannually in Rome. Nowadays, in response tochanging needs, the emphasis is on regionalcourses forming part of long-term programmes(often organized in collaboration with formerparticipants of the Rome-based courses of earlieryears). Formal courses represent only oneelement in these programmes, which aim rather tocombine formal instruction with institution-building, provision of information, and the long-term maintenance of a partner network. Examplesinclude the PREMA (1990–2000) programme formuseum collections in sub-Saharan Africa,PREMO (1994–2000) for museum collections inthe Pacific region, the Gaia (1989–1998) and Terra(1998–2002) projects on earthen constructionconservation, ITUC (1996–2005) on integratedurban and territorial conservation, and the Africa2009 (1999–2009) programme for built heritage insub-Saharan Africa. All such programmes includemechanisms for gradual transfer of responsibilitiesto the relevant region, either to existinginstitutions or through the creation of new ones(as with the foundation of the Ecole du PatrimoineAfricain in Benin and the Programme for MuseumDevelopment in Africa in Kenya). (These and theother programmes mentioned here are describedelsewhere in this newsletter.)

ICCROM’s policy is to maintain an advisoryrole, if requested, on programmes for which themain organizational responsibilities have beentransferred. This is the case for the two newcentres in Benin and Kenya, but also for otherlong-established courses for which there iscontinuing need. Thus, during the current year,and in response to the requests of its partners,ICCROM has confirmed its commitment tokeeping an active advisory role for the courses onconservation of stone (in Venice) and of wood (inNorway). The original concept behind bothcourses derived from experience of theArchitectural Conservation Course (ARC) whichwas held annually at ICCROM for thirty-two years.

The ARC course at the time of writing is theobject of an independent external review, with theaim of assessing its impact on the field and futuredirections.

Changing goals, changingcontentThe design of the education/training activities haschanged also because of the goals that they setthemselves. If in earlier years there was a need fortechnical knowledge set within a context ofconservation philosophy, the ability ofconservation professionals to manage and tocommunicate is now seen to be equallyimportant. The content of education/trainingactivities reflects this change of emphasis. To takebut one example: in 1983 ICCROM offered for thefirst time to participants of its regular courses aone-week workshop on teaching techniques andcommunication. In 2001, the topic ofcommunication was included in the course on“Conservation and use of collections” held inBrazil, not as one topic amongst many but as themain theme of the opening week of a nine-weekcourse. This one example illustrates how goalsand course content have changed in order tomeet changing needs.

The theme of communication amongstdisciplines and, especially, between scientists andnon-scientists, which remains one of the problemareas of conservation, is also tackled directly withthe new pilot course on “Sharing conservationscience: vers un langage commun” (a bilingualcourse, thus exploring communication betweendifferent languages too). Through its advocacyprogramme, ICCROM has also long beenpromoting communication about cultural heritageconservation between younger and oldergenerations, and between the specialists and themedia. Increasingly, advocacy will form an integralelement of most of the regular programmes aimedprimarily at professionals.

Many of the changing goals and design ofactivities that I have alluded to here are reflectedin the provisional Programme and Budget for thebiennium 2002–2003 which will be submitted byICCROM’s Council to the General Assembly inNovember 2001. The provisional programme is forthe most part proactive, that is it attempts toforesee and then to respond to emerging needs inconservation by designing appropriate activities.


At the same time, ICCROM has to respond to therequests of its Member States for information,technical advice and assistance on conservation.Needless to say, the more successfully we canforesee emerging needs and design responsiveprogrammes, the less resources should need tobe devoted to answering ad hoc requests.

An important corollary of this premise wouldassert that those programmes must emphasize anapproach based on key concepts such asprevention, awareness, and preparedness.Nowhere is this more relevant than in the case ofdisasters and emergencies. Paradoxically, weneed to be prepared for the unexpected. ICCROMhas long been active in responding to requestsfollowing natural disasters (most recently,following the earthquake in Arequipa in Peru). Ithas also been developing teaching material andeducational activities on risk preparedness. Theincorporation of concepts of prevention andadvocacy in long-term programmes has already

proven its worth. At a time when, in manycountries, resources for conservation are beingcut for other than high-profile projects, thisapproach should prove the most cost-effectiveeven if less spectacular in the short term.

Nevertheless, to return to the openingparagraph of this piece, it is inescapably true that,for a brief period, the Bamiyan demolitionscreated more publicity for cultural heritagepreservation than any number of programmespromoting public awareness. The power of globalcommunications today allows the events in aremote Afghanistan valley to be beamedworldwide. We need to harness the potential ofthis power so that it communicates not only thesetbacks but also the benefits of cultural heritagepreservation.


Seated Buddha, a mural painting from the upper part ofthe west wall of the shrine of the Big Buddha, Bamiyan,Afghanistan. The image, by Rakhaldas Sengupta (seeobituary on page 9), from a collection of photos takenbetween 1969 and 1973 conserved in the ICCROM archive,is made even more precious by the events of 2001.

Bosnia andHerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina (popula-tion 3.8 million) joins ICCROM lessthan 10 years after independence.Its Ministry of Education, Culture,Science, and Sports has been co-op-erating with UNESCO and theCouncil of Europe since 1995–96 toset forth the principles and strate-gies for conservation.

ChadChad (population 8.7 million) hashad legal structures for heritagemanagement since 1960, when itbecame a republic.

Chad still faces the challenge ofuneven development and damageto national heritage caused by civilwar. Professional training is partic-ularly needed: not just museumtechnicians, but also archaeologists,conservators, and documentationexperts look abroad to developtheir expertise. Five participantsfrom Chad have attended ICCROMcourses.

ChinaThe People’s Republic of China, avast country with a population of1.25 billion, has a long history and arich heritage: some 4 billion manu-scripts in 2700 libraries and 12 mil-

lion artefacts in more than 3700 cul-tural institutions. More than115,000 people are employed in theheritage sector.

The State’s increasing awarenessof conservation, as well as laws ondocumentation, protection, and theexportation of cultural relics, grewout of rapid economic develop-ment and an increase in tourism.The conservation-restoration pro-fession is growing in China, buttraining is still provided by small-scale programmes and profession-als who have studied abroad,including some of the 21 Chineseparticipants in ICCROM courses.

EstoniaEstonia (population 1.4 million), arepublic that became independentin 1991, is still developing its cul-tural network. The Ministry of Cul-ture supervises the arts, libraries(597 collections including 10.8 mil-lion items), museums (179 collec-tions include 5.7 million artefactsand employ 1400 people), and con-servation of the heritage. Other her-itage institutions include theEstonian Cultural Endowment, theCentral Board of Antiquities, andthe State Conservation CentreKANUT. At the post-secondarylevel, a new conservation and

restoration training programme isbeing developed.

Fifteen Estonians have attendedICCROM courses. Estonia was rep-resented at events in north-easternEurope organized recently by theHeritage Settlements Programme.

Saudi Arabia The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(population 19.5 million) is a centreof Islamic civilisation and culturewith a religious and royal heritage(mosques, palaces, and historictown centres). Underwater sites lieoff the east and west coasts of theArabian peninsula. Antiquities areprotected by the Supreme Councilof Antiquities of the Department ofAntiquities and Museums, Min-istry of Education. Saudi Arabia is asignatory to international treatiesand formulates its laws governingbuilt and movable heritage accord-ingly. Seven Saudis have attendedICCROM courses.

SlovakiaSlovakia (population 5.4 million)was part of Czechoslovakia until1993, but the existing Ministry ofSlovak culture has been responsiblefor the designation of national her-itage and for cultural legislationsince it was reorganized in 1989. Itco-operates with the Institute forthe Protection of Monuments andits Inspectorate of Conservation.The Central List of Cultural Monu-ments includes 9108 monuments,27 sites, 53 building complexes, and13,000 cultural artefacts, not tomention the collections from 100museums and galleries and 3290 li-braries.

Slovakia offers diploma coursesat private institutes, academies andspecialised centres. Eight Slovakshave attended courses at ICCROM.


NEW MEMBERSTATESNEW MEMBERSTATES

Six nations have joined ICCROM since 2000,bringing total membership to 100. ICCROMwelcomes Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chad,China, Estonia, Saudi Arabia, and Slovakia.More information about their cultural heritage,as well as about membership of ICCROM ingeneral, can be found at www.iccrom.org.

XXII ICCROMGeneral AssemblyRome, Italy, 21–23 November2001ICCROM is governed by a GeneralAssembly, which meets in ordinarysession every two years with dele-gates from the organization’s Mem-ber States. Session XXII will takeplace 21–23 November at the head-quarters of the United NationsFood and Agricultural Organiza-tion (FAO), in the heart of ancientRome.

The General Assembly deter-mines ICCROM’s general policiesof and approves the organization’sprogramme of activities and bud-get for the two years to come. Oth-er important functions includeelecting Council members (half ofthe 24 members are up for electionthis year) and setting the contribu-tions of the Member States. Associ-ate Members of ICCROM are alsowelcome to attend the sessions asobservers.

www.iccrom.orgThe ICCROM Web site has beenimproved during the past yearwith more, regular informationabout both ICCROM activitiesand events and opportunities inthe field of conservation-restora-tion in general. Improved tools al-so make it easier to search theonline ICCROM library. By De-cember 2001, a completely re-designed Web site should be upand running to provide the sameservices (online library, worldwideconference listings and training op-portunities, comprehensive links

to other sites) but with easier navi-gation. The development of thenew site has been undertaken withthe generous technical collabora-tion of EVTEK Institute of Art andDesign (Finland).

Internship/visitingprofessionalprogrammeICCROM receives dozens of re-quests each year from students,young professionals, and scholarswho would like to spend a periodof time on an internship or to un-dertake independent research atour offices in Rome. A policy on in-terns and visiting professionals hasrecently been drafted and will helpICCROM to respond to these re-quests. Details of the conditionsand information on how to applywill be available by December.Check the ICCROM Web site orcontact the Office of Communica-tion & Information (addresses onback page).

Visitors to ICCROMIn addition to interns, activity par-ticipants, and readers at the IC-CROM library, the organization isalso pleased to welcome individu-als, delegations, and studentgroups from around the world toits offices in Rome.

In the past year these have in-cluded the following officials anddelegations: • Dr Lester K. Little, Director of

the American Academy inRome, and the Academy’s twoKress Conservation Fellows,Elizabeth Walmsley (National

Gallery of Art, Washington DC)and Deirdre Windsor (AmericanTextile History Museum, Lowell,Massachusetts), in February;

• H.E. Mr Jozef Miklosko, the Am-bassador of Slovakia to Italy, andJana Trnovcová, Cultural At-taché of the Slovak Embassy andDirector of the Slovak Institute inRome, in March;

• officials from the High Commis-sion for the Development of Ar-riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in March;

• a group of some 50 members ofthe American Institute of Archi-tects’ Historic Resources Com-mittee, which held a conferencein Rome, in April;

• a group of archival experts fromthe Republic of Korea to learnabout the organization and itspresent and future involvementin archival conservation projects,in May;

• a delegation of 15 officers fromthe Ministries of Culture, PublicWorks and Environment, repre-senting the Cultural Properties


OFFICIALMATTERSOFFICIALMATTERS

A few of the some 6000 life-size terra-cotta warriors found in the Mausoleumof the First Qin Emperor, near Xian,China, a World Heritage Site. China isone of six new members of ICCROM(see page 5).

Administration in Taejon, Korea, in June;

• Representatives from the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs,

in June;

• H.E. Mr Mynt U Phone, Ambassador of Myanmar, in September.

Student groups are always welcome at ICCROM. In the past year the following groups have visited us:

• in the framework of their heritage preservation studies, a

group of 12 students from the Liceo Artistico Statale Via Ripet

ta 218, Rome, in April

• Professor Alfonso Munoz Cosme and a group of 25 students from the University of Madrid's Faculty of Architecture as part of the course "Restoration Theory and Techniques", in May

• a group of graduate students in urban conservation from the Consortium for Urban Conservation in the Balkans-comprised of the universities of Ljubljana and Slovenia, the Institute for the Protection of Culture of Slovenia, and the Catholic University of America (Washing

ton DC)--during a summer study programme in June led by Professor Roy Eugene Graham, of the Catholic University

• the 20 participants of the 14th International Course on Technology of Stone Conservation, led by Mieke Van Molle, Course Co-ordinator, and Ch ristina Danielli,

Course Assistant, in June

• 15 students from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid taking a master's course on cul

tural management and guests of the Spanish Academy, in September

ICCROM publications In 2001, ICC ROM released two new technical publications: GraDoc (Graphic Documentation Systems in Mural Painting Conservation) and University Postgraduate Curricula jor Conservation Scientists, Proceedings

oj the International Seminar, Bologna, 26-27 November 1999. Both books

are available through the ICC ROM bookshop (page 27). A book launch for GraDoc, held at ICCROM in January 2001, attracted dozens of ICCROM collaborators and former participants.

ICCROM staff news· Gael de Guichen, Programme Director, Advocacy, and Assistant to

the Director-General, retired in July after 31 years of service. He is the only staff member to have worked under all seven of ICCROM's direc

tors. He has been a leading thinker in the field of preventive conserva

tion and is well known for his work for the protection of museum collections in Africa and for encouraging the involvement of media and youth in heritage preservation. The first ICCROM newsletter, published in 1973, was produced by Gael de Guichen.

It was with particular pleasure

Ithat ICCROM welcomed Dr Paul

Philippot at headquarters on 4

I October 2001. Dr Philippot was

ICCROM Director from 1971 to

1977 and Deputy Director to Dr

Plenderleith before that. Widely

recognized as one of the leading

contributors to the philosophy

and theory of conservation in the

I 20th century, he was ICC ROM

Award winner in 1981.

Liliana Vecchio, Administrative Assistant, Collections, retired at

the end of September. She began work at ICCROM in 1979. The many colleagues and partners from around the world who have

had a chance to work with her will miss her dedication, the high quality of her work, and the special human touch she never lost, even under the most urgent and complicated conditions.

Monica Garcia Robles, Head, Data

& Web Management, has been seconded to the Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, starting in October 2001, to work on the digitalization component of an integrated preservation project in the Ministry archives in Lima.

Alessandro d'Amico, Luca Esposi

to, Irma Ferrante and Daniela Pilotti, security personnel assigned by the Italian Government to provide guardian services to ICCROM, have returned to their original positions within the Ministero per i Bern e Ie Attivita Culturali from 1 October 2001. Guardian and reception services for ICCROM are now being provided by a private security company under contract with funds from the Government of

Italy.

ICCROM·NEWSLETTER 7

Practically all ICCROM activities are carried out with partners, from the drafting of a strategy to the organization of a course halfway around the world. A list of ICCROM's partner institutions in 2001 is given on the inside back cover. This page features some key partners with which ICCROM has continuing, reciprocal relationships.

UNESCO World Heritage Committee (WHC) In 1994, the UNESCO World Her

itage Committee gave ICCROM a

mandate to develop a global train

ing strategy to help ensure the

most effective use of funds. Years

of research, consultations, and ex

pert meetings later, ICCROM pre

sented the "Global Training

Strategy for World Cultural Her

itage" to the Committee at its 24th

session in December 2000, in

Cairns, Australia. The Committee

commended ICCROM for the

work, which is being extended to

form the basis of a global training

action plan for World Heritage.

The Committee launched a "Pe

riodic Reporting" process in 2000,

to provide an overview of the state

of conservation of World Heritage

sites, region by region over a six

year period, starting with the Arab

States region. Abdelaziz Daoulatli,

Chair of ICCROM's Council, and

the chief consultant for the project,

presented the study to the World

Heritage Committee in Cairns. The I

report was warmly commended for

the strength of its analysis and the

honesty and forthrightness of its

conclusions.

Also during the Cairns meeting,

the Committee supported IC

ICCROM-NEWSLETTER

CROM's budget request for the

provision of services in 2001 and

gave ICCROM a mandate to devel

op tvvo "training kits" for better im

plementation of the Convention,

one for nominations, the other for

monitoring! periodic reporting.

Italy and the EuroMediterranean partnership Projects financed by Italy under

the multilateral programmes of

the Directorate General for Devel

opment Co-operation (DGCS),

within the Italian Ministry of For

eign Affairs, have become an im

portant component of ICCROM's

programme and budgets. The col

laboration has gradually evolved

into a structured programme, Sup

port Programme for Cultural Her

i tage of North Africa and Near and

Middle East Countries, or

NAMEC where ICCROM's and the Italian Government's develop

ment plans and priorities came to

gether in a common strategy. More

about the Euro-Mediterranean

partnership, NAMEC and co-op

eration within the European Com

mission's INCO-Med programme,

can be found in the account of the

Architecture and Archaeological

Sites Programme's activities on

pages 12-15.

International Council on Monuments and Sites (lCOMOS) ICOMOS, with headquarters in

Paris, France, is an international

non-governmental organization of

professionals, dedicated to the con

servation of the world's historic

monuments and sites. ICOMOS

provides a forum for professional

dialogue and a vehicle for the col

lection, evaluation, and dissemina

tion of information on conservation

principles, techniques, and policies.

Like ICCROM, it is an advisory

body to the World Heritage Com

mittee. It is an ex-officio member of

the ICCROM Council. ICOMOS'

Historic Towns Committee is a key

partner of ICCROM's Integrated

Territorial and Urban Conserva

tion, or ITUC (see pages 20-22).

International Council of Museums (lCOM) In 2001 ICCROM participated in

ICOM's triennial conference in

Barcelona in July, and in a work

shop on illicit traffic in artefacts and

the protection of cultural heritage

in South-East Asia, in Hanoi, Viet

Nam, from 9 to 13 April.

Since 2000 ICCROM has hosted

the secretariat of ICOM-CC (the

Conservation Committee of

ICOM), which has more than 1500

members around the world and 24

specialized working groups. This year, the first extraordinary meet

ing of the ICOM-CC Directory

Board and the Working Group co

ordinators was held at ICCROM.

The 13th triennial meeting of

ICOM-CC will take place for the

first time in Latin America, in Rio

de Janeiro, on 22-28 September

2002. For more information on this

important event please contact

[email protected].

8

mailto:[email protected]


Àgnes Timàr-Balàzsy (1948–2001),head of the Faculty of Object Con-servation and of the RestorerTraining Programmes at the Hun-garian National Museum, died on22 March, in Budapest, after a longillness. A distinguished and great-ly loved member of the interna-tional conservation community,and treasured friend of ICCROM,she had served on the Councilsince 1994, eventually as a Vice-Chairperson, and the AcademicAdvisory Committee since 1995.She will be remembered by hun-dreds of ICCROM course partici-pants, and not only by them, as anexceptional teacher.

Àgnes started her career in con-servation in 1966 at the NationalCentre of Museums in Hungary.She later earned an MA in chemi-cal engineering and the Ph.D. forher research on historical dyes.Her scholarship was characterizedby the application of solid scientif-ic knowledge to practical conser-vation concerns, culminating, in1998, with the publication of thelandmark Chemical Principles ofTextile Conservation, co-authoredwith Dinah Eastop.

Jean Coural (1925–2001), comman-deur de la Légion d’honneur andhonorary chair of the French Mo-bilier national et les Manufactures,passed away on 29 March.

Mr Coural served ICCROMfrom 1979 to 1991 as the delegateof France to the General Assembly

and as a member of Council dur-ing the terms of four Directors. Asan active member of the Financeand Programme Committee, hiswise advice and loyal support forICCROM’s work helped providecontinuity during a time of greatexpansion in ICCROM’s activitiesand membership.

Rakhaldas Sengupta (1926–2001)died on 18 May. He served the Ar-chaeological Survey of India from1947 to 1984, as Director of Conser-vation from 1963.

Dr Sengupta was a Member ofICCROM Council from 1979 to1981 and Vice President of theGeneral Assembly in 1984. He wasalso a Member of the ICOMOSTraining Committee and the Indi-an National Trust for Arts and Cul-tural Heritage (INTACH).

In 1976, in recognition of his con-tribution to the conservation of cul-tural heritage in India, he became,and remains, the only conservatorto receive the Padma Shri award.

Irie Bi Balo (1951–2001), of Côted’Ivoire, died on 15 April. He wasan active member of the AFRICA2009 Co-ordination Committeeuntil November 2000. Until a yearago, he was the Chef du Cabinetfor his country’s Culture Ministry,and most recently became Chef duCabinet in the Ministry of Defence.

Rikhard Halldor Hördal (1946–2001), painting conservator and

head of the Department of Conser-vation Studies at the EVTEK Insti-tute of Art and Design, Vantaa,Finland, passed away, in Helsinki,on 19 March following a traffic ac-cident in January. Rikhard workedclosely with ICCROM on severalprojects and was well knownthroughout the conservation-restoration field both as a lecturerand for his dynamic interest intraining and education.

P.H.C. (Bing) Lucas (1925–2000),conservationist, died last Decem-ber in his native New Zealand. Hiscountry’s first Director of Parksand Reserves, he was one of theforemost leaders of the world con-servation movement and architectof the plan that made NewZealand’s parks among the finestin the world by the time he retired,in 1986. He also contributed to thedevelopment of national parks inChina, Nepal, Peru, and islands ofthe South Pacific. At the time of hisdeath, he had recently steppeddown as the World ConservationUnion’s senior advisor, and WCPAvice-chair for World Heritage.

ICCROM has only recentlylearned of the death, in December1999, of Patrick Faulkner (1912–1999), architect, historian of medi-aeval wooden architecture, au-thority on the repair of ancientmonuments and sometime lectur-er and consultant for ICCROM.

IN MEMORIAMIN MEMORIAMICCROM reports with sorrow the deaths ofseven friends and colleagues. Morebiographical information can be found atwww.iccrom.org.

Àgnes Timàr-Balàzsy was renowned asa consummate textiles scholar and acharismatic teacher.

The Advocacy Programme aims toraise awareness about the fragilityof cultural heritage. It helps to inte-grate advocacy of conservation ofcultural property into all of IC-CROM’s work. It does this throughproducing teaching and informa-tional material on the benefits ofpreservation for schools, conserva-tion professionals, and the commu-nications sector.

MEDIA SAVE ARTAward 2001“We Care about Heritage, Do You ?”“The Past in Peril” “Gods in Exile”“My Life as a Tombarolo” “The Art ofPillaging” When vandals damaged UNESCOWorld Heritage Site temples inMnajdra, Malta, a major localnewspaper launched a campaign to

preserve the country’s heritage. Apaper in Nigeria ran a series on amuseum exhibition containingthousands of stolen artefacts. Apiece on a day in the life of a tombrobber in Etruscan Veio, Italy, gavea rare behind-the-scenes report,while yet another publication tooka serious look at the effects of ur-banisation on the historic centre ofBeijing.

Those are only a few of the var-ied themes developed in the 395 ar-ticles submitted by 132 journalistsfrom around the world to thefourth MEDIA SAVE ART journal-ism competition.

A decade of increasedparticipationIn 1991, entries came from 15 coun-tries, nearly all of them in Europe,but participation doubled witheach subsequent competition. Fifty-six countries, nearly four times asmany as in the first year, are repre-sented in this year’s event. Geo-graphical distribution of journalistshas improved significantly as well.

The response this year has in-creased in all areas. And while un-limited entries used to be allowed,this year the maximum is five arti-cles per author.

The focus of the submissions hasshifted from the abandonment ofarchaeological sites to the pillagingof and illegal trafficking in stolenartefacts. The change can be ex-plained by a worldwide increase inconflicts, by sharper differences be-

tween diverse global economiesand by successful awareness cam-paigns carried out by UNESCOand ICOM. Many articles this yearaddressed uncontrolled urbanisa-tion and lack of awareness by thepublic and political authorities. Al-ternative definitions of cultural her-itage have also emerged, based ontraditions linked to national identi-ty. At the same time, articles haveemphasised the concept of preser-vation within the universal contextof all mankind.

Future challengeWith results that indicate a generalincrease in the response by journal-ists everywhere to this competition,a significant goal of the MEDIASAVE ART Award has been met: tostimulate the media to focus on thefragility of cultural heritage in or-der to better inform the public.Thanks to the award, ICCROM hasestablished important relationshipswith the media, confirmed by re-peat participation by many journal-ists in the contest.

One challenge that remains,however, is that of making peopleaware of preventive conservationfor protection of cultural heritage:very few articles addressed this im-portant issue. Involvement by thepublic in this area can be achievedthrough continued co-operation be-tween the press and ICCROM.


THE ADVOCACYPROGRAMMETHE ADVOCACYPROGRAMME

MEDIA SAVE ART Award 2001

Graffiti: Time to change strategy?

In 1991, after an ICCROM study revealed that

only 5 percent of Italian and 1.7 percent of

French newspapers dealt with the problem of

safeguarding cultural heritage, ICCROM

organised the MEDIA SAVE ART event in

collaboration with UNESCO and the office of

the Italian Prime Minister. It included

international competitions, exhibitions, and

roundtable discussions aimed at mobilising the

media to promote the preservation of cultural

heritage.

In 1997, ICCROM established the MEDIA

SAVE ART Award. Since then, hundreds of

journalists worldwide have submitted articles

aimed at the general public on the theme of

safeguarding cultural heritage. An international

jury of journalists and conservation

professionals chooses the best article in each

category. Winners receive a prize of US$ 4,000,

awarded during ICCROM’s General Assembly.

Carabinieri in Rome display recoveredstolen art. Many articles submitted tothis year’s MEDIA SAVE ARTcompetition were about the illegaltraffic of stolen artefacts.

Graffiti: Time tochange strategy?Are graffiti street art, priceless his-torical documents, a typical wayfor young people to express them-selves, or just a deplorable act ofvandalism?

That is a difficult question to an-swer and the topic of a never-end-ing debate between the graffitistsand citizens, who don’t knowwhat to make of this phenomenon.One thing, however, is certain:whenever graffiti are applied toany surface not made for the pur-pose, they degrade the heritage—whether we call them art or not.

At first graffiti were tolerated,especially if the graffitists justworked along train tracks, in tun-nels, in underground railways, oron abandoned walls. But little bylittle, graffiti, tags, paintings, andmarkings of every sort have invad-ed cities large and small, respect-ing nothing, not historicalmonuments, not public buildings.What looked like a passing fashionhas become an urban blight forcities that must sustain the elevat-ed cleaning costs.

An ICCROM studyFor the last five years, ICCROMhas been participating in a cam-paign to raise the awareness ofyoung people against graffiti. Itwas launched by the office of theMayor of Rome in collaborationwith the Istituto Centrale per ilRestauro. A programme was con-ceived for the schools and a manu-al for the teachers.

Unfortunately, because the proj-ect did not include a formal evalu-ation method, the results havebeen difficult to assess.

Thus ICCROM decided to carryout a study of how the mayors ofother European cities have facedthis problem, what solutions they

have tried and with what results.The research was placed in thehands of Claire-Emmanuelle LeMoal, student of Sciences andTechniques of Heritage Manage-ment at the University of Montpel-lier, France, who spent ten weeksat ICCROM.

Her research concentrated on thecities of Rome, Milan, Paris, Bor-deaux, Toulouse, Lausanne, Helsin-ki, London, and Amsterdam.

The objective of the study was tolearn everything that had beentried to combat graffiti in the fol-lowing areas:• laws (surveillance, repression

and punishment);• clean-up costs;• consciousness raising and edu-

cation (publicity campaigns, ac-tions at schools);

• incentives to rapid clean-up (re-duction of fines, special agree-ments with cleaning companies,free graffiti removal);

• evaluation methods to verify theeffects of these actions.

How they see itThe results are quite surprising andsuggest new strategies that musttake into consideration the psychol-ogy of the graffitist/tagger. Let’shear what some of them say forthemselves. The quotations that fol-low are from G. Bischoff and J. Mal-land, Kapital, un an de graffiti à Paris,2nd ed. (Paris, Editions alterna-tives, 2001).

“Graffiti is not so much a languageas a way of seeing differently. It’s notabout making drawings on a wall witha spray can. It’s all a mentality.” —Rush, THS

Rush enjoys misbehaviour andrisk. It is thus pointless to try tofrighten him with punishment orto offer him space to work. Theseare only reasons for him to keepon spraying paint.

“I’d rather be a star in the streetthan garbage in a museum.” —Nesty74

Nesty is trying to attract atten-tion. The more people talk abouthis graffiti, the happier he is. Pressand publicity campaigns may wellbackfire.

“A terrain has to be alive, and if youfind the same graffiti after three yearsyou can consider it dead” —Marko,3DT

Some cities, such as Helsinki,have obtained excellent results incleaning the painted surfaces sys-tematically and quickly (within 10days). At the end of a certain periodof time, a tagger like Marko aban-dons the “dead” wall.

After Ms Le Moal’s report is com-plete, ICCROM will devote a pageon its Web site to the problem. Itwill provide a complete overviewof the different strategies adopted,which should make it easier tocombine our efforts to understandand beat this phenomenon.

Meanwhile, awareness cam-paigns must concentrate on theheritage rather than on the graffitiand give young people a sense ofbelonging to their city.


Who are the graffitists and taggers?According to the ICCROM study,

they are adolescents from all walks

of life who have in common a taste

for risk and misbehaviour. They use

graffiti to assert themselves and to

stand out from the crowd.

The Architecture and Archaeologi-cal Sites Programme (AASP) is theunit in charge of implementing IC-CROM’s programme in the field ofarchitectural and archaeologicalsite conservation. Its aim is to con-tribute to ICCROM’s role in world-wide conservation and restorationof cultural property by initiating,developing, promoting, and facili-tating conditions for such conser-vation and restoration, in itsspecific field of architectural andarchaeological site conservation.

InternationalArchitecturalConservation Course(ARC)Rethinking architecturalconservationRegarded as one of ICCROM’sflagship activities, the Internation-al Architectural ConservationCourse (ARC) has trained morethan 600 architectural conservatorsin 32 sessions in Rome since 1965.It has helped create a network ofspecialists and has generated many

ICCROM ‘satellite’ courses, onsuch topics as wood, earthen archi-tecture, stone, modern architec-ture, and architectural surfaces, aswell as other regional activities.

ICCROM’s pioneer role in archi-tectural conservation training isnow the object of an external re-view. The results of the study,drawing upon a survey of formercourse participants, instructors,and other teaching specialists in thefield, will be reported at the Gener-al Assembly in November 2001. It isexpected that these will measurethe impact of ARC while also indi-cating future needs in that field.

Conservation of glazedarchitectural tilesThe Programme has, in the mean-time, launched a new series of stud-ies on special topics, the first onebeing devoted to the conservationof glazed architectural tiles.

A two-day working session onthis theme of special interest in thefield took place on 24–25 May 2001at ICCROM and the Spanish Acad-

emy in Rome to plan approaches tofuture activities. Aiming to interna-tionalise the debate, the initiativeprovided an open forum on themain topics related to the field.Some topics of discussion havebeen proposed: formal restorationcriteria for decorated ceramicsused in architecture; the architec-tural conservation process; the roleof scientific analysis in the conser-vation of decorated ceramics usedin an architectural context; the roleof historical analysis.

Project Terra Conservation of EarthenArchitectureThe international conference heldin May 2000 in Torquay, England,was the latest in a series of interna-tional events on earthen architec-ture conservation that began in Iranin 1972 and that have profoundlyaffected the development of thefield in the last 30 years. Each con-


THE ARCHITECTUREANDARCHAEOLOGICALSITES PROGRAMME

THE ARCHITECTUREANDARCHAEOLOGICALSITES PROGRAMME

International Architectural Conservation Course (ARC)

Project Terra

The NAMEC Programme

Other activities

The ICCROM LaboratoryParticipants in the working session onglazed architectural tiles held last Mayat ICCROM and the Spanish Academyin Rome.

ference made its mark by articulat-ing the needs of the field, motivat-ing activities, and promoting anetwork of practitioners aroundthe world.

By the 1980s, the need for spe-cialized education in earthen archi-tecture had drawn greaterattention. A framework was need-ed through which methods and ap-proaches to the problems ofconserving earthen architecturewould be made apparent and ad-dressed through development ofskills.

The Second Pan-AmericanCourse on the Conservation andManagement of Earthen Architec-tural and Archaeological Heritage,or PAT99, in Trujillo, Peru, in late1999, represents the most recentachievement in on-site educationalprogrammes on conservation ofearthen architecture within the in-stitutional collaboration pro-gramme known as Project Terra, ajoint effort of the International Cen-tre for Earth Construction – Schoolof Architecture of Grenoble(CRATerre-EAG), the Getty Con-servation Institute, and ICCROM.Project Terra serves today as an in-stitutional framework for the TerraConsortium and for several currentresearch activities.

While policies and approachescan be promoted internationally,substantive action must take placeat the local and regional levels.During the 1990s, several local andregional activities significantly ad-vanced the cause of earthen archi-tecture.

The Management Plan of theWorld Heritage Site of Chan Chan,in Peru, that of Joya de Cerén, in ElSalvador, and of several historiccity centres represent the first re-sult of the establishment of inte-grated planning for long-termpreservation. Even so, the con-cepts of planning, management,and conservation are still not suffi-ciently accepted to be able to directefforts away from traditional, nar-rowly focused treatment ap-proaches.

In some cases, such responseswill find support in legislation thatimposes regulations to protect theheritage. In others, support willcome through the promotion ofplanning and management, orthrough capitalizing on ecologicalagendas, such as bio-architectureand sustainable construction.

International organizations willneed to do more to encourage spe-cific activities in specific regions.Through their work these organisa-

tions have facilitated, promoted,and, through their presence and au-thority, sanctioned these valuableefforts. They have likewise con-tributed to the dissemination ofideas by placing them in a worldperspective and facilitating accessto information. Their involvementsends strong, positive signals to thescientific, academic, and profes-sional communities, as well as toinstitutions interested in earthen ar-chitecture.

The NAMECProgrammeThe most recent activities,1998–2001, carried out within theSupport Programme for CulturalHeritage of North Africa and Nearand Middle East Countries(NAMEC) included the third ses-sion of the Tunis course for heritagearchitects, managed by the InstitutNational du Patrimoine and theEcole Nationale du Patrimoine, inTunisia; the Algiers course on ar-chaeological conservation andrestoration, managed by theAgence Nationale d’Archéologie etde Protection des Sites et Monu-ments Historiques (ANAPSMH), inAlgeria; and the Rabat museum-collection conservation-restorationcourse, organized in collaborationwith the Direction Générale du Pat-rimoine du Ministère des AffairesCulturelles (DPC), in Morocco.


Building with earth Earthen structures range from simple forms to vast, monumental sites of

great complexity, and many important sites are threatened, including Tarim

Historic City, in Yemen, the Tel-Dan Canaanite Gate, in Israel, and Cusco, in

Peru. Indeed, earthen sites account for 10 percent of the UNESCO World

Heritage List as well as 57 percent of its List of World Heritage in Danger. Of

the monuments on the World Monuments Watch List of 100 Most

Endangered Sites, sixteen are of earthen construction.

Progress in conservation and progress in new earthen construction are

interdependent. The continuity of the tradition of building with earth informs

conservation practice, while preservation of this architectural legacy inspires

its future use and potential. Yet conservation of earthen architecture is still

coming into its own as a discipline.

A renewed commitment to the conservation of earthen architecture and

the promotion of its values is essential for this heritage to be universally

recognized as an area of study and of professional practice.

The World Heritage Site of Chan Chan, Peru,capital of the Chimu kingdom, which reached itspeak in the 15th century. The adobe, or earthen,structures are endangered by natural erosion fromrain and air.

Between 1994 and 2001 NAMECbenefited from a contribution ofUS$ 5.5 million from the Italian Co-operation for Development. TheGetty Grant Program, UNESCO,and the French Government addedtheir support, which was used toorganize the project’s first phase(the Tunis architectural conserva-tion course, 1993–96). The Euro-pean Commission, through theEuromed Heritage Programme,contributed generously to the de-velopment phase (1998–2001). Thestrategy developed within the proj-ect was recognised as an importantcontribution to the further consoli-dation of the activities and transferof responsibilities to host countriesof the region.

Definition of a ManagementPlan Matrix has been the next stepin Italy–ICCROM collaboration.This includes a five-year pro-gramme of management planningfor archaeological resources, organ-ized in the framework of multilat-eral collaboration with the ItalianCo-operation for Development andoriented towards activities in Jor-dan, Syria, and Lebanon.

Management and conservationplanning for archaeological siteshave been recognized as a priorityfor the Near East countries at sever-al international meetings. The issuewas mentioned in the recommen-dations of the ‘Report of the state ofconservation of the World Heritage

in the Arab countries’, the first ofthe periodic reporting studies sub-mitted to the World Heritage Com-mittee at its 24th annual session, inCairns, Australia, 2000.

Other activitiesTechnical missions were carried outin response to specific requestsfrom member states.

Lebanon. Under a contract fromthe UNESCO office in Beirut, twoICCROM consultants, GionataRizzi and Donatella Zari Gi-antomassi, collaborated (4–11 Feb-ruary 2001) with the Direction-Générale des Antiquités (DGA) ofLebanon in a study of wall paint-ings in churches in the Qadisha Val-ley, a World Heritage site. Theirpreliminary survey of the sites ofthe church of Mar (Saint) Charbel,Maad (Jbeil region), and the Qan-noubine convent (Qadisha Valley)is to lead to a one-month trainingsession on the site of Qannoubineto be held before the end of 2001.

Cyprus. At the request of the

Ministry of Public Works and theDepartment of Antiquities, GionataRizzi conducted a technical mis-sion, 6–9 May 2001, to assess theimpact of the proposed construc-tion of an underground parkingstructure in proximity to the an-cient walls of Nicosia, Cyprus.

The ICCROMLaboratoryShort specialized seminars In late November 2000, more than25 participants and six invitedspeakers shared experience and in-formation at a seminar held at theICCROM Laboratory on “Porosityand Porosimetry: their importance,implications and development inthe cultural heritage sector”.

This was the first in a series oftheme-based seminars that theLaboratory would like to co-ordi-nate periodically. The main objec-tive is to stimulate discussionamong specialists on specificthemes related to the most recentdevelopments in investigationtechniques applied to the study ofmaterials of cultural heritage. Afurther objective is to create a se-ries of working groups wherebyparticipants can pool their experi-ence to optimize and develop di-agnostic technology.


The Roman ruins (the basilica) ofVolubilis, Morocco, a World HeritageSite on the western edge of the RomanEmpire. Unlike many cities of RomanAfrica, Volubilis was not abandonedafter the Romans left, or even after theArab conquest of North Africa in thelate 7th century, but in the 18th century.

The NAMEC Programme: a fieldexercise as part of the Tunisarchitectural conservation course

Between 1994 and 2001 NAMECbenefited from a contribution ofUS$ 5.5 million from the Italian Co-operation for Development. TheGetty Grant Program, UNESCO,and the French Government addedtheir support, which was used toorganize the project’s first phase(the Tunis architectural conserva-tion course, 1993–96). The Euro-pean Commission, through theEuromed Heritage Programme,contributed generously to the de-velopment phase (1998–2001). Thestrategy developed within the proj-ect was recognised as an importantcontribution to the further consoli-dation of the activities and transferof responsibilities to host countriesof the region.

Definition of a ManagementPlan Matrix has been the next stepin Italy–ICCROM collaboration.This includes a five-year pro-gramme of management planningfor archaeological resources, organ-ized in the framework of multilat-eral collaboration with the ItalianCo-operation for Development andoriented towards activities in Jor-dan, Syria, and Lebanon.

Management and conservationplanning for archaeological siteshave been recognized as a priorityfor the Near East countries at sever-al international meetings. The issuewas mentioned in the recommen-dations of the ‘Report of the state ofconservation of the World Heritage

in the Arab countries’, the first ofthe periodic reporting studies sub-mitted to the World Heritage Com-mittee at its 24th annual session, inCairns, Australia, 2000.

Other activitiesTechnical missions were carried outin response to specific requestsfrom member states.

Lebanon. Under a contract fromthe UNESCO office in Beirut, twoICCROM consultants, GionataRizzi and Donatella Zari Gi-antomassi, collaborated (4–11 Feb-ruary 2001) with the Direction-Générale des Antiquités (DGA) ofLebanon in a study of wall paint-ings in churches in the Qadisha Val-ley, a World Heritage site. Theirpreliminary survey of the sites ofthe church of Mar (Saint) Charbel,Maad (Jbeil region), and the Qan-noubine convent (Qadisha Valley)is to lead to a one-month trainingsession on the site of Qannoubineto be held before the end of 2001.

Cyprus. At the request of the

Ministry of Public Works and theDepartment of Antiquities, GionataRizzi conducted a technical mis-sion, 6–9 May 2001, to assess theimpact of the proposed construc-tion of an underground parkingstructure in proximity to the an-cient walls of Nicosia, Cyprus.

The ICCROMLaboratoryShort specialized seminars In late November 2000, more than25 participants and six invitedspeakers shared experience and in-formation at a seminar held at theICCROM Laboratory on “Porosityand Porosimetry: their importance,implications and development inthe cultural heritage sector”.

This was the first in a series oftheme-based seminars that theLaboratory would like to co-ordi-nate periodically. The main objec-tive is to stimulate discussionamong specialists on specificthemes related to the most recentdevelopments in investigationtechniques applied to the study ofmaterials of cultural heritage. Afurther objective is to create a se-ries of working groups wherebyparticipants can pool their experi-ence to optimize and develop di-agnostic technology.


The Roman ruins (the basilica) ofVolubilis, Morocco, a World HeritageSite on the western edge of the RomanEmpire. Unlike many cities of RomanAfrica, Volubilis was not abandonedafter the Romans left, or even after theArab conquest of North Africa in thelate 7th century, but in the 18th century.

The NAMEC Programme: a fieldexercise as part of the Tunisarchitectural conservation course

Thanks to the scientific and tech-nical support of Thermoquest (aleading producer of instrumentsfor analysis), an experimental ses-sion was included. A first result ofthe seminar is a CD-ROM contain-ing information, presentations, anddiscussions. In view of the successof the initiative, a second meetingwill follow up the results and con-clusions of the first encounter.

European Union co-operation A Concerted Action (ERB-IC18-CT98-0384) within the EuropeanCommission’s INCO-Med pro-gramme, titled “Study, characteri-zation and analysis of degradationphenomena of ancient, traditionaland improved building materialsof geologic origin used in construc-tion of historical Monuments in theMediterranean area”, which beganin October 1998, will conclude atthe end of this year. The resultshave been satisfactory in terms ofscientific activity and networkingamong scientists of ten countries(France, Germany, Italy, Portugal,Spain, United Kingdom, Egypt,Malta, Morocco, Tunisia) and dif-ferent disciplines.

Four monuments have beenstudied in a co-operative activity:Al Badi Palace and Bab AgnaouGate, Marrakech, Morocco (withthe co-ordination of the ICCROMLaboratory); the Aqueduct ofHadrian, in northern Tunisia (withthe co-ordination of the UniversitatAutónoma de Barcelona), and ElMerdani Mosque, Cairo, Egypt(with the co-ordination of the Uni-versity of Aachen).

In terms of capacity building,noteworthy is the founding of thefirst multidisciplinary researchgroup of Morocco (Groupe d’E-tudes et de recherches sur les mon-uments historiques, or GERMH)working on scientific analysis of

historic monuments. The group,which consists of geologists,chemists, physicists, and art histori-ans, agreed to work together to cre-ate a database on the state ofconservation and the historic evo-lution of the monuments of Mar-rakech. As a result they are tryingto extend this policy to Morocco’sentire archaeological and architec-tural heritage with a view to a pos-sible future programme ofintervention and sites managementplan.

As a follow-up to this network-ing among countries of theMediterranean basin, a new co-op-erative initiative has been consid-ered. A meeting in Casablanca, incollaboration with the CaddyAyyad University, was held toevaluate the need to establish a vo-cabulary and common terminolo-gy in science, technology andarchitecture to facilitate communi-cation among scientists, and pro-fessionals of different languages(Arabic, Berber, Catalan, English,French, German, Greek, Italian,Portuguese, Spanish, and Turkish),in the field of cultural heritage inthe Mediterranean area.

Laboratory interns activityThe lab hosted six interns duringthe period 2000–2001.

Beatrice Muscatello, Ph.D.,chemist, studied evaluation meth-odology of restoration mortar incollaboration with the Faculty ofEngineering of the UniversityRome La Sapienza, Italy, and withthe support of the M.A.C (ModernAdvanced Concrete) company, Tre-viso, Italy.

Fanny Cerri, chemist, completedthe research she had started withBeatrice Muscatello into the behav-iour, characteristics, and applica-tions of plasters for architecturalsurfaces. She is currently doing re-

search with the Italian Centre forResearch, Florence.

Ewa Sandström Malinowski,architect, Ph.D., and researcher atthe Institute of Conservation of theUniversity of Gothenburg, Sweden,researched historic mortars, the useof mortars in conservation, and theuse of traditional building materi-als and crafts in Rome.

Tatiana Falcinelli, an under-graduate at the Faculty of Engi-neering of the University of RomeLa Sapienza carried out a researchproject for part of the experimentalphase of her degree thesis, “Defin-ing chemico-physical parameters ofpolysiloxane polymers used as pro-tective agents for architectural sur-faces”.

Annalisa Geniali, an under-graduate in Environmental Scienceat the University of Urbino (Italy),completed her thesis, “A study onalterations of terpenic resins usedon artistic objects in museum envi-ronments”, a study of how masticbehaves under accelerated weatherconditions.

Yang Yuchuan, a chemist whoworks as a stone conservator at theHenan Ancient Building Preserva-tion Institute in Shengzhou, China,held a scholarship from the Italiangovernment. He researched exist-ing Chinese literature on architec-tural conservation in order tocompare Asian conservation ap-proaches and techniques withthose of the West.


Interns at work in the ICCROMLaboratory: Beatrice Muscatello, left,and Yang Yuchuan, right

The Collections Programme aimsto integrate conservation and use ofheritage collections for the long-term benefit of the community.

Conservation in useIn the increasingly diversified con-text of heritage conservation, themain challenge today has becomedeveloping practical, efficient, andrelevant tools for ICCROM’s Mem-ber States.

In 2001, the Collection Pro-gramme’s approach, in collabora-tion with other heritageinstitutions, was especially orient-ed to the theme of communication,foremost, communication betweenall those involved in conservationwho must know how to best usetheir experience and skills to identi-fy the choices and decisions to betaken for any given work. That wasthe focus of the course “Sharingconservation science: vers un lan-gage commun”.

In addition to interdisciplinarycommunication among conserva-tion professionals, the unit took aspecial interest in how to makeheritage accessible. Conservationprofessionals are learning to at-tract the community’s participa-tion by recognizing theimportance of its aspirations and

needs. That is one of the themesexplored in the course “Conserva-tion and Use of Collections”.

Early conservation education isthe theme of the CURRIC project,which is involving a number ofuniversities in looking at new waysof teaching future conservation sci-entists.

Another important recent goalhas been to reinforce relations withnational, regional, and internation-al professional organizations. Foran intergovernmental organizationlike ICCROM, this presents an im-portant link to the professionalcommunity.

Regional institutions such as thePacific Islands Museum Associa-tion (PIMA), the Ecole du Patri-moine Africain (EPA), and theProgramme for Museum Develop-ment in Africa (PMDA) have con-tinued to be enriching andstimulating partnerships for theCollections Programme, providingexperiences that can be useful else-where. A mission to South-EastAsia has helped to establish newcontacts with national and regionalorganizations active in the sub-re-gion.

From both a geographical and athematic point of view, this enlarge-ment of a network of institutional

partners has become our principalasset for building innovative andrelevant projects.

Sharing conservationscience: vers unlangage commun(SCS)Paris, France, 8 June–6 July2001 Although the concept of interdisci-plinary decision-making appearsfrequently in professional literatureand discourse, its processes are notalways clear or successful. In co-op-eration with the Ecole Nationale duPatrimoine and a number of Frenchconservation institutions and re-search laboratories, ICCROM de-cided to address this issue with


THE COLLECTIONSPROGRAMMETHE COLLECTIONSPROGRAMME

Conservation in use

Sharing conservation science:vers un langage commun (SCS)

Conservation and Use of Collections (CUC)

Current projects

News from regional partners

Participants, teachers, and co-ordination team of SCS, the four-weekinterdisciplinary pilot course held lastsummer in Paris

Visits and case studies to sites andlaboratories in Paris were an essentialpart of the SCS course.

to a community. Access to and as-sembly of relevant informationfrom art history, chemistry, man-agement strategies, and other fieldsof knowledge are vital and implythe necessity to consciously devel-op our capacity to communicatewith our colleagues as a team.Communication was, therefore, thecourse’s central theme, and pat-terns in the ways in which we com-municate both with and aboutheritage could be detected.

The course was held at CECOR,the Centro de Conservação de BensCulturais Moveis of the Fine ArtsSchool at the Federal University ofMinas Gerais, Brazil. Belo Hori-zonte is associated with some ofBrazil’s most significant art of thelast 100 years and with colonialWorld Heritage sites nearby, in-cluding Diamantina, a beautiful

18th-century colonial village re-cently named to the List, where thecourse moved for two weeks.

The course was an exercise incollective professional growth. Par-ticipants explored how the varietyof factors to be considered in con-servation decision-making is an op-portunity for innovative problem-solving. This approach leads to sus-tainable conservation solutions inbringing our collections alive in ourcommunities.

Current projectsCURRIC: Vocational TrainingCurricula for Conservation Scien-tists is a project funded by the Eu-ropean Commission’s LeonardoProgramme. In 2001–2003, IC-CROM and nine European univer-sities and conservation institutionswill develop a curriculum proposalfor scientists who wish to specializein conservation. Beneficiaries ofthis initiative are educational insti-tutions wishing to propose a post-graduate education programme inconservation as well as scientistsgraduated in one of the natural,physical and/or applied scientificdisciplines. In 2001 the project fo-cused on identifying the core topicsto be included in the curricula andon outlining a structure for thetraining. It will include further re-search development stages, threeinternational intermediate meet-ings, and a closing meeting at IC-CROM.

The Labs TECH project Labora-tories on Science and Technologyfor the Conservation of EuropeanCultural Heritage is a European In-frastructure Co-operation Networkfunded by the European Unionwithin the FP5 action of ImprovingHuman Potential (1999–2002).

The partners of the project, co-ordinated by the Inter-universityConsortium on Science and Tech-nology of Materials (INSTM), Uni-versity of Perugia, Italy, are teninstitutions carrying out research inconservation. The project, related toCURRIC’s activities, addressesthree main topics: efficiency andusability of research facilities;methods and materials for conser-vation; documentation and archiv-ing of data.

APEL: Acteurs du Patrimoineet LégislationWith ECCO, the European Confed-

eration of Conservators-restorersOrganizations, and seven otherpartners, ICCROM undertook astudy aimed at improving legisla-tion for conservation-restoration.The project focused on the currentlaws in Europe. The report identi-fies the weaknesses in the existinglaws and suggests ways to recog-nize the role and responsibilities ofthe conservator-restorer. The proj-ect was funded by the EuropeanCommission. Results will be avail-able on the ICCROM Web site.

Archives 2001 is a six-week re-gional course for Latin America onconservation of collections in li-braries and archives, held in Octo-ber and November 2001 inSantiago, Chile. Its subject is thepreservation challenges posed bythe variety of materials present inarchives and libraries today. Thegrowing trend towards digital tech-nologies in archives and librariescalls for strategies that guaranteethe preservation of both the tradi-tional and the new materials.

Generation 2, conceived to buildon the experience of the PREMAprogramme (Preventive Conserva-tion in Museums in Africa), aims atgenerating educational materialsand teaching trainers in the regionfor activities on conservation andmanagement of collections in sub-Saharan Africa.

In July 2001, ICCROM, EPA andPMDA, in partnership with the In-stitute of Archaeology (UniversityCollege London) and the MST Con-servation-restauration (Universityof Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne) or-ganized the first meeting of thistwo-year project funded by theGetty Grant Program. The resultsof the first stage of the project willbe a manual on production ofcourse materials, sets of pilot teach-ing tools, and two workshops inAfrica.


Detail of a 1926 painting by U KhinMaung in oil on metal. The scenedepicts Teimi Jataka, a story from thelife of a future Buddha. NationalMuseum of Myanmar

Urushi 2001The second international course onconservation of urushi, Japaneselacquerware, continues the dia-logue between tradition and con-servation as well as between Eastand West. The three-week course,in Tokyo in October 2001, offersparticipants the opportunity to ac-quire basic knowledge of the com-position and behavior of urushi andof the principles of traditional careof urushi objects.

A mission in South-East AsiaAfter a brief mission in four of theICCROM Member States in thesub-region (Viet Nam, Thailand,Cambodia, Myanmar) and in con-sultation with regional partnersand national museums, ICCROM isexploring possibilities of strength-ening existing resources to ensuredevelopment of collections conser-vation management plans and fu-ture training.

News from regionalpartners

Pacific Islands MuseumsAssociation (PIMA)PIMA sixth Workshop, Cultural In-terpretation of Heritage Sites, washeld on 23–27 July, in Koror, Palau,in collaboration with the Palau Di-vision of Cultural Affairs and theBelan National Museum. The majorfunder was the World HeritageCommittee of UNESCO.

Workshop no. 7, Copying of Au-dio Visual Collection Materials,will be held December 10–14 in

Port Vila, Vanuatu, in collaborationwith the Vanuatu Cultural Centre.The major funder is UNESCO.

Ecole du Patrimoine Africain(EPA)In the three years since it was creat-ed, EPA has continued to grow andto expand its field of activities.Most recently, EPA has:• in association with the Architec-

ture School of Lomé, won the bidfor a rehabilitation project ofPorto Novo financed by theWorld Bank;

• finished the third phase of reno-vation of the Museum Palaces ofAbomey, financed by the ItalianMinistry of Foreign Affairs’ Di-rection of Co-operation throughUNESCO;

• continued its training activitiesin Benin (course for guides fi-nanced by French co-operation)as well as in Burkina Faso (in-ventory management course fi-nanced by Dutch Co-operation).

It is also:• making an inventory of sites on

the coast of Benin in the frame-work of the UNESCO “SlaveRoute” Study Project; similarwork is being undertaken byPMDA for the Eastern andSouthern part of the continent;

• preparing a conference and atravelling exhibition (calledAGUDA) about Afro-Brazilianheritage funded by the FordFoundation.

The EPA Endowment Fund has al-ready raised about 25 per cent of itsgoal of nearly US$ 2.5 million to en-sure EPA’s sustainability. France,Italy, and Tunisia have contributed,as have the Leventis Foundation,the Béttancourt Foundation, andseveral individual donors. Mr Zineal-Abidine Ben Ali, President of

Tunisia, has given his high patron-age.

Programme for MuseumDevelopment in Africa(PMDA) PMDA inaugurated its premisesand its programme in Mombasa,Kenya, in August 2000. This waspossible thanks to the generoussupport of the Royal NetherlandsEmbassy in Kenya, the BritishCouncil, Kenya, the NorwegianAgency for Development Co-oper-ation (NORAD), the Swiss Agencyfor Co-operation and Development(SDC), the Netherlands Ministry ofDevelopment Co-operation and theRoyal Tropical Institute (KIT), UN-ESCO, BMZ (Germany), and theNational Museum of Kenya.

Activities so far in the field ofmuseums include:• a three-week workshop on turn-

ing museums into lively placesthat interact with their commu-nities;

• the tenth PREMA sub-regionalcourse on Preventive Conserva-tion and Care of Collections, totrain 15 museum professionalsin the fundamentals of preven-tive conservation, documenta-tion, storage, and exhibition;

• in November 2001, two planningmeetings on children and muse-ums and on museum conditionsand needs;

• in December 2001, a PartnershipWorkshop for Museum Develop-ment for museum professionalsof sub-Saharan Africa who havealready participated in fundrais-ing ventures at their museums.


For more informationPIMA: www.pacificislandsmuseum.org

EPA: www.epa-prema.net or contact Patrice

Simonnet, [email protected].

PMDA: [email protected]

An example of urushi, Japaneselacquerware. East meets West inOctober 2001 at a course in Tokyo.


The programmes and activities ofICCROM’s Heritage Settlementsunit aim to empower managersand specialists to preserve humansettlements of heritage value in alltheir various spatial, architectural,and socio-economic dimensions.

The Heritage Settlements unitcontains two distinct programmes,Integrated Territorial and UrbanConservation (ITUC) and AFRICA2009, and a number of technicaltraining courses and activities con-cerned with conservation of build-ing materials and technologies.

IntegratedTerritorial andUrban Conservation(ITUC)Sustainable management ofthe heritageA ten-year programme establishedin 1995, ITUC is aimed at integrat-

ing concern for cultural heritageinto the sustainable managementof territorial and urban heritage.ITUC has adopted a multi-facetedstrategy to address the accelerat-ing economic and social pressureson traditional settlements, both ru-ral and urban. In close co-opera-tion with such key partners asUNESCO’s World Heritage Cen-tre, the Organization of WorldHeritage Cities, ICOMOS’ HistoricTowns Committee, and the WorldBank, ITUC has been working toclarify and shape the integratedconservation message, for dissem-ination through its own scientificnetwork and the varied networksand distribution channels of itspartners. In implementing thisstrategy, ITUC has focused its at-tention on both international andregional activities.

A number of ITUC activitiescarried out within this strategyover the last year are worth high-lighting; for example, at the inter-national level, the ITUC cur-

riculum review and developmentseminar held at ICCROM in June2001. At the regional level, ITUChas also:

• tested approaches to significantregional problems (e.g. theCaribbean risk-preparednessseminar held in the DominicanRepublic in January 2001 andthe North-East Europe “Recon-struction and Authenticity”meeting in Riga, Latvia, in Oc-tober 2000);

• articulated regional trainingstrategies (e.g. for Latin Ameri-can historic cities, in Quito, inNovember 2000);

• attempted to strengthen region-al educational infrastructuresfor delivering training (as withthe support given the Academyof Cultural Heritage, foundedin Vilnius in 1999).

Risk Preparedness Workshop, SantoDomingo, January 2001. With en-couragement and support fromthe World Heritage Committee,and in collaboration with the Do-minican Republic, ICCROM held aweek-long risk preparedness sem-inar in Santo Domingo in Januaryfor 30 administrators, heritagespecialists and managers, and civildefence officials from 20Caribbean-region countries.

The workshop was developedin response to the devastation

THE HERITAGESETTLEMENTSPROGRAMME

THE HERITAGESETTLEMENTSPROGRAMME

Integrated Territorial and Urban Conservation(ITUC)

AFRICA 2009

Technical training for the conservation ofbuilding materials, and technologies

Blackhead’s House, in Town HallSquare, Riga, Latvia. Reconstruction oflost historic monuments is rarely thebest choice for heritage management.

ICCROM Risk-Preparedness trainingworkshop participants are examiningthe ruins of San Nicola de Bari, SantoDomingo, the oldest hospital in theNew World and one of the objects ofthe workshop’s real-life exercises.

wrought there by hurricaneGeorges in 1998, and a plea fromthe World Heritage Committee toits Advisory Bodies to developtraining to improve preparedness.The workshop directed attention tofour particular problems in SantoDomingo, in approaches rangingfrom developing a preparednessplan for the city’s primary muse-um, the Alcázar de Colon, develop-ing a maintenance plan for theruins of San Nicola de Bari (photoon page 20), developing a risk mapfor a block of urban fabric, to devel-oping a preparedness plan for theZona Colonial of Santo Domingo it-self.

Regional Training Strategy for LatinAmerican historic cities, Quito,Ecuador, October 2000. Quito,Ecuador, was host to a meeting or-ganized by ICCROM to finalize aregional training strategy for his-toric cities in Latin America. Sup-ported by the Organization ofWorld Heritage Cities, by theWorld Heritage Committee, and inassociation with Centro de Conser-vação Integrada Urbana e Territori-al (CECI), at the Federal Universityof Pernambuco in Recife, Brazil,

and the City of Quito’s municipaltraining arm, ICCROM brought to-gether 40 individuals from the fourmain spheres involved with urbanconservation: the developmentbanks and agencies, the historiccity managers, the heritage special-ists, and the universities and theirheritage programmes.

Their conclusions provided botha general orientation for urban con-servation capacity-building in theregion and a blueprint by which theindividual agencies and institu-tions present could implement ac-tivities in their respective spheresof interest. The conclusions of themeeting, which included creationof a permanent forum for discus-sion of these issues, will be testedand updated in an internationalseminar to be organized by the Fed-eral University of Bahía, Brazil, inspring 2002. At the same time, thecity of Quito has initiated efforts tobuild a training centre for integrat-ed urban conservation for the An-dean region, modelled on CECI inBrazil.

ITUC curriculum development andreview, Rome, Italy, June 2001. As apart of efforts to consolidate les-sons gained over six years in vari-ous ITUC training efforts,ICCROM held a three-day curricu-lum review and development sem-inar at ICCROM in June, 2001.Sixteen members of the ITUC Ad-visory Committee were broughttogether from educational pro-grammes concerned with integrat-

ed approaches to conservation inLatin America, Asia, Africa, Eu-rope and North America. The goalof the meeting was to review ap-proaches in various regional con-texts and to draw conclusionsabout the key elements of curricu-la content, and also how best toteach such material.

ICCROM is exploring how tocommunicate the findings of themeeting in published form, for thebenefit of educational institutionsworld-wide interested in teachingin this area.

Authenticity and Reconstruction,Riga, Latvia, October 2000. The re-construction of Blackhead’s Housein Riga’s Town Hall Square (photoon page 20) is an example of the po-litically inspired—and often pub-licly supported—reconstructionefforts now so popular in the newlyindependent states of Eastern Eu-rope as a part of efforts to find andreinstate symbols of national or cul-tural identity.

Conservation specialists and ad-ministrators often oppose such ef-forts because the “reconstruction”of lost buildings should be the ex-ception, not a “norm” to be pur-sued at the expense of genuineheritage and without regard forsupporting scientific evidence.


ICCROM views risk-preparedness

for historic cities as an essential

part of integrated urban

conservation, requiring integration

of concern for heritage into

existing risk preparedness plans of

civil defence agencies.

The Quito meeting

Vilnius Town Hall, Lithuania, home to ITUCregional seminars in 1998, 1999, and 2000. TheAcademy of Cultural Heritage, in Vilnius, wascreated as a consortium of three Lithuanianuniversities, with the support of the LithuanianMinistry of Culture, to foster cultural training andeducation in Lithuania and the adjacent Balticstates.

Under the sponsorship of theLatvian National Commission forUNESCO and with the support ofthe World Heritage Fund, ICCROMorganized a meeting in Riga, in Oc-tober 2000, which brought togetherone hundred professionals, her-itage administrators and govern-ment officials from a dozencountries to present case studies ofproposed reconstructions: religiousarchitecture in Kiev lost in the

1930s; fragments of the JewishGhetto of Vilnius, destroyed in theSecond World War; and the 17th-century Blackhead’s House in Riga.

At the conclusion of the meeting,those present adopted the RigaCharter, an instrument intended toassist administrators ensure recon-struction decisions reflect a consen-sus among all those with a stake inthe future of particular sites.

The Academy of Cultural Heritage, inVilnius, Lithuania. ICCROM hasbeen working through the Acade-my of Cultural Heritage, in Vilnius,Lithuania, to co-ordinate its ITUCactivities in north-eastern Europe:to plan and support those semi-nars, training workshops, andmeetings comprising the ITUC pro-gramme in the region, to representICCROM at regional scientific

events, to continuously analyseITUC training needs in the regionand plan possible responses, and tosupport network interest in ITUCdiscussions and activities. In thelast year, the Academy has pro-duced three ITUC newsletters (inEnglish and Russian) distributed toparticipants in regional ITUC activ-ities, and professionals and man-agers interested in exploring,promoting, and applying integrat-ed approaches. Ultimately, as theITUC programme draws to a closein 2005, ICCROM hopes that theAcademy can ensure provision ofintegrated territorial and urbanconservation training on a sustain-able long-term basis in the region.

AFRICA 2009Immovable cultural heritagein sub-Saharan AfricaThe AFRICA 2009 programme wasintroduced in 1998 at the regionalmeeting of African cultural her-itage professionals held in Abidjan,Côte d’Ivoire. This programme is apartnership of ICCROM, the UN-ESCO World Heritage Centre,CRATerre-EAG, and African cul-tural heritage organizations. Thelong-term aim is to improve theconditions for the conservation ofimmovable cultural heritage insub-Saharan Africa through betterintegrating it into a sustainable de-velopment process.

AFRICA 2009 is structured totake advantage of activities at two

levels. At the regional level, cours-es, seminars, research projects, andthe improvement of networking areimplemented, based on the realiza-tion that the best way to treat prob-lems is to work together, shareideas, and develop common frame-


A workshop on Dry Stone Masonry(see box, page 23) was held at theWorld Heritage Site of GreatZimbabwe, once an important tradingcentre. Its intricate complex of drystone walls, extending over nearly 80hectares, attests the Bantu civilizationof the Shona people between the 11thand 15th centuries.

In regard to projets situés (below),work at the Kasubi Tombs, Uganda,and James Island, the Gambia, sitesconsisted of the preparation ofmanagement plans and nominationdossiers for inscription on the WorldHeritage List. At both these sites, thework was undertaken in partnershipwith participants of the 1999 Mombasacourse. This allowed for a practical,hands-on follow-up to the course’smanagement planning exercise.

The AFRICA 2009 Regional Courseheld in Porto Novo, Benin, clearlybenefited from the previous experiencein Mombasa, Kenya (see box page 23).The hands-on management planningexercise was extended from three toeight weeks of the course andincorporated some of the previousstand-alone subjects, such assustainable tourism and partnershipand fund-raising. Another improvementwas the full introduction of“moderation” as a teaching technique.This technique provided participantswith a fully participative process whichwas appreciated by all, and led toricher discussions. The course alsogave an opportunity for AFRICA 2009to work for the first time in partnershipwith the Ecole du Patrimoine Africain,a regional institution created as aresult of ICCROM’s PREMAprogramme.

works that can be adapted to spe-cific local needs. Site-level projectsare also carried out, to ensure thatAFRICA 2009 is rooted in the reali-ties of the field while responding tospecific needs in terms of trainingand implementation of conserva-tion activities.

In 2000–2001, AFRICA 2009 in-creased the number and level of ac-tivities being implemented. Inaddition to the 2nd RegionalCourse and the Directors Seminar(both in Porto Novo, Benin), theprogramme also implemented aseminar on Documentation and In-ventory in Livingstone, Zambia,and a research workshop on DryStone Masonry in Zimbabwe. It ini-tiated a compilation of articles ontraditional conservation and main-tenance techniques, and continuedwith technical assistance and im-provement of networking and com-munication in the region. Projetssitués included Kasubi Tombs, in

Uganda, Kondoa Rock Paintingsite, in Tanzania; James Island, inthe Gambia; the Asante TraditionalBuildings, in Ghana; and Agadezand Zinder, in Niger.

In addition to funding from IC-CROM, AFRICA 2009 is supportedby financial partners such as NO-RAD, Sida, the Italian Ministry ofForeign Affairs Department of De-velopment Co-operation, theFinnish Ministry of Foreign AffairsDepartment of International Devel-opment Co-operation, and theWorld Heritage Fund. The currentpilot phase of AFRICA 2009 comesto an end in 2001. To mark the tran-sition to the next phase, a bilingualDirectors Seminar took place inMombasa, Kenya, in September2001. At this seminar, the pilotphase was reviewed and a draftprogramme for the next phase(2002–2005) discussed. Approxi-mately 35 Directors participated inthis important seminar.

Technical trainingfor the conservationof buildingmaterials, andtechnologies

The Venice stone course

Venice, Italy, 19 April–29 June 2001

The fourteenth International courseon the Technology of Stone Conser-vation, which has been held inVenice, Italy, every two years sinceits inception in 1976, took placefrom 19 April through 29 June 2001.It brought together 20 professionalsfrom all regions of the world to up-date scientific, technical and mana-gerial aspects of the conservation ofhistoric stone material. As in thepast, the course was an 11-weekprogramme of lectures and discus-sions linked to a real-life worksite

exercise, this year involving partici-pants in research, documentation,condition analysis, and treatmenttests for the conservation of thefaçade of one of the most importantarchitectural monuments in the city,the Scuola Grande di San Marco.The diagnostic survey performedby the participants was presentedat the end of the course to publicauthorities for critical review andwill become the basis for active con-servation measures for the 500 year-old Renaissance façade. In 2001, thecourse was put on through partner-ship among ICCROM, the Univer-sity Institute of Architecture of

Venice, the Superintendency for En-vironmental and ArchitecturalProperties of Venice, the Superin-tendency for Artistic and HistoricProperties in Venice, the UNESCOVenice Office, and the Private Com-mittees for the Safeguarding ofVenice. ICCROM is working totransfer increased responsibility forlogistical management of the courseto local partners for the next versionof the course while maintaining itslong-time commitment to ensuringits scientific quality.


Technical drawing of the façade of theScuola Grande di San Marco executedby participants in the 2001 Venicestone course.

The need for better documentation

and inventory methodologies was a

prominent issue throughout the year.

In addition to addressing it within

the AFRICA 2009 Regional Course in

Benin (photo opposite), it was the

topic of the programme’s first

thematic seminar, in Livingstone,

Zambia. The seminar brought

together 20 participants from around

the region. The working language of

the seminar was English, but several

participants came from

Francophone and Lusophone

countries. Also of note is a

workshop on Dry Stone Masonry

held at Great Zimbabwe. This

workshop was conceived and

organized by a former participant in

line with the recommendations of

the 1999 Directors Seminar. The

purpose of the workshop was to

develop a research agenda for this

important typology of heritage in the

sub-region. Documentation was one

of the key topics along with other

issues of conservation, and

management.


November 2001

Biodeterioration ofcultural property:international conference(5th)Sydney, Australia12–14 NovemberVinod Daniel, HeadResearch Centre for MaterialsConservation and the BuiltEnvironmentAustralian Museum6 College St.Sydney NSW 2010AustraliaTel.: +61-2-93206115Fax: [email protected]

Musical instruments:toward a new organologyConservation and restorationof cultural properties:international symposium(25th)Tokyo, Japan 13–15 NovemberPlanning OfficeDepartment of PerformingArts13-43 Ueno Park, Taito-kuTokyo 110, JapanTel.: +81-3-38234925Fax: [email protected]

Chimie de la conservation:séminaireMontreux–Lausanne,Switzerland 19–23 NovemberMAIPGran-Rue 20CH-1820 Montreux,SwitzerlandTel.: +41-21-9653366Fax: +41-21-9653368www.maip.ch

La información alservicios de lasconstruccionesHavana, Cuba 20–22 NovemberCentro de la Información dela Construcción (CICONS)2001Lic. Dora Nisenbaum,DirectoraCICONSAve Carlos M. de Céspedes y35 Plaza de la Revolución10600 Ciudad de la HabanaCubaTel.: +53-7-814934Fax: [email protected]

Tráfico ilícito de bienesculturales: taller regional(III)Bogotá, Colombia 26–30 NovemberLa Dirección de PatrimonioMinisterio de CulturaCalle 9, nro. 8-31Bogotá, ColombiaTel.: +57-1-3420984, 2828197ext. 27 and 28Fax: +57-1-336 [email protected]

Materials ResearchSociety (MRS): fallmeetingBoston, MA, USA26–30 NovemberMRS Materials ResearchSocietyMember services506 Keystone DriveWarrendale, PA 15086-7573,USATel.: +1-724-7793003Fax: [email protected]/meetings/fall2001

December 2001

Qualitá e beni culturali eambientaliBarletta, Italy 4–8 DecemberGestione del patrimonioculturale: colloquiointernazionale (6)Dott. Maurizio QuagliuoloDRI-Ente InterregionaleVia E. Filiberto, 17I-00185 Rome, ItalyTel.: +39-06-70497920Fax: [email protected]

World Heritage CommitteeMeetingHelsinki, Finland 7–16 DecemberFinnish National Commissionfor UNESCOP.O. Box 29SF-00023 HelsinkiFinlandTel.: +358-9-13417363Fax: [email protected]/minedu/whmeeting

March 2002

Infrared and Raman UsersGroup (IRUG5):international conference(5th)Los Angeles CA, USA 4–8 MarchGary Mattison, ConferencecoordinatorThe Getty ConservationInstitute1200 Getty Center Drive,Suite 700Los Angeles, CA [email protected]

Industrial structures:conservation, change ofuse, refurbishment:conferenceBraunschweig, Germany 6–9 March Monika DenzelReisebüro SchmidtStadtmarkt 17D-38300 WolfenbuttelGermanyTel.: +49-53-31884251Fax: [email protected]

The touristic historic city:sharing culture for thefuture: conferenceBruges, Belgium 17–20 MarchMrs Lea Winkler, ConferenceSecretaryTourist Office for FlandersGrassmarkt 61B-1000 [email protected]/conference

Stones and eternity.Religious architecture:construction andrestoration ASS.I.R.C.CO: congress(6th)Rome, Italy 18–22 March ASS.I.R.C.COVia Nizza, 22I-00198 [email protected]

April 2002

Strengthening the bond:science and textilesPhiladelphia, PA, USA 5–6 April North American TextileConservation: conference andsymposiumSuzanne Thomassen-KraussNational Museum of AmericanHistoryBehring Center, Room 332MRC 66814th St. and Constitution AveWashington, DC [email protected]

Paper, books andphotographic materialsMelbourne, Australia 17–19 AprilAICCM symposium 2002R. Shervington, J. Holland, [email protected]@ngv.vic.gov.au [email protected]

MEETINGS AND EVENTSMEETINGS AND EVENTS

November 2001 through December2002

The following is a partial list of meetings and events

around the world of interest to the conservation

community. A complete list is available on the ICCROM

Web site.

Please send information about future conferences to:

ICCROM Calendar of Conferences

Via di San Michele, 13

I-00153 Rome, Italy

Tel. +39-06-58553372

Fax +39-06-58553349

[email protected]

www.iccrom.org

The Tomb of King Guézo, inthe Royal Palaces ofAbomey, Benin, a WorldHeritage Site


May 2002

Collections hazards andmitigationsMontreal, Canada 8–13 MaySPNHC 2002Ingrif BirkerRedpath MuseumMcGill University859 Sherbrooke St WestMontreal, Quebec H3A 2K6CanadaTel.: +1-514-398 4086 ext.4094Fax: +1-514-398 [email protected]

The community ofmuseums: seeking thecommon goodDallas, TX, USA 12–16 MayAmerican Association ofMuseums: annual meetingAAM1575 Eye St. N.W. Suite 400Washington, DC 20005USATel.: +1-202-289 [email protected]

Vernacular domesticbuildings in Venice:conference Venice in PerilVenice, Italy 17 MayMorley House314-322 Regent StreetLondon W1R 5ABUKTel.: +44-020-7636 6138Fax: +44-020-7636 [email protected]

L’art avant l’histoire:conservation of prehistoricartSFIIC Study Days (10th)Paris, France 23–24 May Secrétariat de la SFIIC29 rue de ParisF-77420 Champs-sur-MarneFranceTel.: +33-1-60377797Fax: [email protected]/sfiic

Preservation in the digital ageAssociation pour la recherchescientifique sur les artsgraphiques (ARSAG):international symposium (4th)Paris, France 27–30 MayFrançoise Flieder, SibylleMonodARSAG36, rue Geoffroy-Saint-HilaireF-75005 ParisFranceTel.: +33-1-44086995Fax: [email protected]

June 2002

AIC: annual meetingMiami, FL, USA 5–11 JuneAIC1717 K St. NW, Ste 301Washington, DC 20006USATel.: +1-202-452 9545Fax: +1-202-452 [email protected]

Biodeterioration of worksof artNew York, NY, USA 13–15 JuneArt, biology and conservation2002Dr. Robert J. KoestlerThe Sherman Fairchild CenterThe Metropolitan Museum ofArt1000 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10028-0198USATel.: +1-212-570 3859Fax: [email protected]

Visibility of restoration,legibility of art worksParis, France 13–15 JuneARAAFU conference (5th)Natalie RichardSecrétariat Colloque ARAAFU7 rue du Pot de ferF-75005 ParisFranceTel.: +33-1-43314369Fax: [email protected]/assoc

Indoor Air Quality andClimate: internationalconference (9th)Monterey, CA, USA 30 June–5 JulyIndoor air 2002Conference SecretariatUSATel.: +1-831-4260148Fax: [email protected]

July 2002

Architecture as a resourceBerlin, Germany 22–29 July International Union ofArchitects (UIA) generalassembly and XXI WorldCongress of ArchitectsUIA Berlin 2002 OrganisationCommitteeKöpenicker Straße 48/49D-10179 BerlinGermanyTel.: +49-30-27879912Fax: [email protected]

September 2002

Works of art on paper,books, documents andphotographs: techniquesand conservationBaltimore, MD, USA 1–6 September IIC Congress 2002IIC6 Buckingham StreetLondon WC2N 6BAUKFax: [email protected]

Medieval and laterarchaeology: internationalconference (3rd)Basel, Switzerland 10–15 September Medieval Europe Basel 2002c/o ArchäologischeBodenforschungPetersgraben 11P.O.BCH-4001 BaselSwitzerlandFax: [email protected]

Towards a better builtenvironment: innovation,sustainability, informationtechnologyMelbourne, Australia 11–13 September International Association forBridge and StructuralEngineering (IABSE)symposiumSymposium SecretariatIABSE 2002 SymposiumMelbourneETH HönggerbergCH-8093 ZurichSwitzerlandFax: +41-1-6331241www.iabse.ethz.ch/conferences/melbourne

ICOM-CC 13th TriennialMeetingRio de Janeiro, Brazil 22–28 September Isabelle VergerICOM-CC Secretariatc/o ICCROM13, via di San MicheleI-00153 ROMAItalyTel.: +39-06-5855 3410Fax: +39-06-5855 [email protected]

October 2002

Wall and Floor Mosaics:Conservation,Maintenance, Presentation8th Conference of theInternational Committee forthe Conservation of Mosaics(ICCM)Thessaloniki, Greece 29 October–3 NovemberProf. Demetrios MichaelidesICCM PresidentUniversity of CyprusArchaeological Research UnitKallipoleos 75, P.O Box 5371678 NicosiaCyprusFax: [email protected]

From landscape past tolandscape futureTel Aviv, Israel 6–10 OctoberInstitute of LandscapeArchitects (IFLA): worldcongress (39th)Dan Knassim LtdP.O. Box 193152118 RAMAT-GANIsraelTel.: +972-3-613340Fax: [email protected]

The intangible heritageHarare, Zimbabwe 13–16 OctoberICOMOS General AssemblyPauline AlphenICOMOS InternationalSecretariat49-51 rue de la FédérationF-75015 ParisFranceTel.: +33-1-45676770Fax: [email protected]

A view of Sarajevo. Bosniaand Herzogovina is a newICCROM Member State (seepage 5).

Glass from Slovakia, a newMember State (see page 5)

AdobeSeismic stabilization ofhistoric adobe structures:final report of the GettySeismic Adobe Project. E.Leroy Tolles, Edna E. Kimbro,Frederick A. Webster, andWilliam Ginell. Los Angeles:J. Paul Getty TrustPublications, 2000. (GCIScientific Program Reports)200 pp. ISBN 0-89236-587-0This book describes thetests performed on modelsof adobe buildings toevaluate the techniques forverifying damage due toearthquakes that can beapplied to historical adobestructures. The three-yearprogramme, part of theGetty Seismic AdobeProject, was devised todevelop and test minimal,economical, and easymethods for protecting thestructures fromearthquakes.

ArchaeologyLoot, Legitimacy andOwnership: The EthicalCrisis in Archaeology. ColinRenfrew. London:Duckworth, 2000. 160 pp.ISBN 0715630342 High demand frommuseums and art collectorsposes a constant threat toarchaeological finds, butwhen finds lose theircontext, throughclandestine or poorlysupervised excavation,essential information isdestroyed and illicittrafficking is encouraged.The most importantcontribution of archaeology,the author explains, is theinformation that supervisedand well-documentedexcavations provide.

Accueil, aménagement etgestion dans les grandssites, Arles, 18, 19 and 20mars 1999. Cahiers de lasection française del’ICOMOS 21. Paris: Sectionfrançaise de l’ICOMOS, 2000.244 pp. Growing numbers ofvisitors impede protectionof archaeological or naturalsites. How can the sites bemanaged so as to continueto receive visitors andencourage local economicdevelopment, and yet notbe the victims of their ownsuccess? Nineteenpractical operations arediscussed, including Petra(Jordan), Hadrian’s Wall(UK), the Pont du Gard(France), Val d’Aosta (Italy),and Camargue (France).

Architecture

Sustained care of thecultural heritage againstpollution. Based on theseminar entitled “Sustainedcare of the cultural heritageagainst deterioration due topollution and other similarfactors: evaluation, riskmanagement and publicawareness”. Strasbourg:Council of EuropePublishing, 2000. 230 pp.ISBN 92-871-4233-5Although most Europeancountries have national,regional, and localstrategies and action plans,few keep a constant checkon the effectiveness of theconservation methods ordevelop long-term plans.These 18 articles provideseveral case studies ofconservation of buildings,stone sculpture, and metalthreatened by pollution.Also available in French.

Preserving Post-WarHeritage: The Care andConservation of Mid-Twentieth CenturyArchitecture. SusanMacDonald, ed. DonheadSaint Mary: DonheadPublishing, 2001. 235 pp.ISBN 1-873394-35-7More than 300 buildingsand sculptures have beenadded to the list ofbuildings of architectural orhistorical interest in the UK.These 17 papers from a1998 conference onconservation ofcontemporary architecturesince the Second WorldWar treat: the historicalcontext and the frameworkof protection, andstructural and materialproblems (concrete,reinforced concrete, curtainwalls, glass). Several UKand US case studies arepresented.

La réutilisation culturelle etartistique des monumentshistoriques en Europe :synthèses de l’étude etextraits des actes ducolloque (Château Savelli,Italie, 1998). Paris:Association des centresculturels de rencontre, 1999.139 pp. ISBN 2-9514989-0-XThe study, by the EuropeanCultural Centre Network inHistorical Monuments andthe Association des centresculturels de rencontre,concerns new uses ofhistorical monuments forcontemporary projects.One hundred placesselected throughoutEurope have each been the

subject of a monographwritten to the samespecifications, in turnanalysed by a philosopher,an artist and a sociologist:the Transformation ofHistorical Monuments andProblems Involved in theirReutilisation (Philippe Nys);Artistic Monuments andProjects: the ContemporaryRelationship historicalareas (Raoul Marek); Socio-political Approach to theReutilisation of the Heritagein Europe (Anne-MarieAutissier).

ConservationtechniquesProceedings of theInternational conference,Lacona III: Lasers in theConservation of ArtworksIII, April 26–29, 1999,Florence, Italy. RenzoSalimbeni and GiorgioBonsanti, eds. Journal ofCultural Heritage, vol. 1,Supplement 1, 2000. 273 pp.ISSN 1296-2074The use of laser cleaning inthe conservation andrestoration of culturalproperty is arousinginterest thanks to theresults obtained in removalof deteriorated layers withgreat precision and respectfor the original surfaces.This volume contains 52lectures in English groupedby the materials dealt with:stone, metal and glass,painted surfaces, paper,parchment, wood, and anatural-history collection. Asection is devoted todiagnostic methods basedon spectroscopy andlasers.

GlassJornadas nacionales sobrerestauración y conservaciónde vidrios, La Granja de SanIldefonso, 30 deseptiembre–2 de octubre de1999. José Maria FernandezNavarro and Paloma PastorRey De Vinas, eds. N.p.:Fundación Centro Nacionaldel Vidrio, 2000. 204 pp.ISBN 84-88044-17-8The 13 lectures of thissymposium on theconservation andrestoration of glass andstained glass cover:maintenance andrestoration of glasscollections in museums,causes of deterioration inglass (biodeterioration andair pollution), the state of

RECENTLIBRARYACQUISITIONS

RECENTLIBRARYACQUISITIONS

The ICCROM library is pleased tohighlight some of the works thatwere acquired in the past yearand that are available forconsultation.

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

preservation andrestoration of stained glass,conservation of glass inarchitecture, conservationof enamelled ceramic,conservation ofchandeliers.

LegislationPolicy and Law in HeritageConservation. RobertPickard, ed. London: SponPress, 2001. 348 pp.(Conservation of theEuropean Built HeritagesSeries) ISBN 0-419-23280-XThis book was created inassociation with theCultural Heritage Division ofthe Council of Europe. Itsets forth the basic aspectsand goals in the protectionof the architectural andarchaeological heritage inBelgium, Czech Republic,Denmark, France, Georgia,Germany, Ireland, Italy,Latvia, Malta, theNetherlands, Spain andUK. Topics include: thedefinition and identificationof buildings, protection andconservation, thephilosophy of conservation,legal protection andsanctions, integratedconservation, financing, therole of specialised agenciesand organisations,education and training.

MetalFontes, fers et aciers dansl’architecture: étude,détection et conservationdes métaux ferreux dans lesbâtiments, Nancy, 16–17 et18 novembre 1995. Cahiersde la section française del’ICOMOS 17. Paris: Sectionfrançaise de l’ICOMOS, 1997.142 pp.Long concealed from view,the use of iron inarchitecture has often beenneglected. It was first usedvisibly and with elegance inthe 19th century. In theseproceedings of aconference held to helprehabilitate metalarchitecture, specialistsaddress metal, cast ironand steel and theirexperiences inconservation not only ofmaterials used in grilles,bridges, structures, androofing, but also that of thegreat steelworks.

Movable objects

Religious Objects:Preservation and Care.Colombe Harvey, ColetteNaud, Isabelle Paradis, andClaude Payer. Québec:Fondation du patrimoinereligieux du Québec, 2001.112 pp. ISBN 2-551-21319-3In 1995, the Quebecgovernment launched therestoration of theprovince’s churchheritage—buildings,objects, and works of art.This practical guide is agoldmine of information onhow to handle, maintain,display, and arrange suchworks as sculptures,furniture, vestments, goldwork, and archives. Alsoavailable in French.

Mural painting Documentation andConservation of Art in Syria:Papers of the WorkshopHeld at DamascusUniversity, 16-19 September1996. Elias Zayat and MatImmerzeel, eds. Leiden:Research School for African,Asian and AmerindianStudies, 2000. 219 pp. ISBN90-5789-040-2The 13 presentations fromthe meeting that launchedco-operation indocumentation,conservation, and thestudy of art in Syriabetween the universities ofDamascus and Leidenaddress: documentation,conservation, andprotection of collections;restoration of icons withEgyptian models;restoration of muralpaintings in Syria andLebanon. English andArabic bilingual text.

Museology

Be Prepared: Guidelines forSmall Museums for Writing aDisaster Preparedness Plan.Canberra: HeritageCollections Council, 2000.112 pp. ISBN 0-642-75097-1A well-written disaster-preparedness plan isessential for museums. Thepurpose of this book is tobring together the availableinformation in a clear andeasy-to-use form.

PaperPreservation: Issues andPlanning, Paul N. Banks andRoberta Pilette, eds.Chicago: American LibraryAssociation, 2000. 360 pp.ISBN 0-8389-0776-8This book offers a detailedanalysis of problems in themaintenance andconservation of archive andlibrary collections.Conservation must becomean integral part of anylibrary or archive, and,though administered byspecialists, must beunderstood and supportedby all. Aided by experts, theeditors review institutionalconservation programmes.They also address the newhorizons of theconservation of electronicand digital media.

PhotographyLes collectionsphotographiques : guide deconservation préventive.Bertrand Lavédrine, Jean-Paul Gandolfo, and SibylleMonod. Paris: Associationpour la recherche scientifiquesur les arts graphiques, 2000.312 pp. ISBN 2-9516103-0-0Research on theconservation ofphotographs hasprogressed over the last 30years, so that it is nowpossible to understandtheir fragility and how toconserve them. This booksummarises the mostrecent work on the subjectas well as the internationalstandards that apply. Aftera description of the mainfactors of deterioration,topics include the choice ofcontainers andenvironmental conditions,surveillance of thecollections, displayprecautions, the use ofcomputers, andconservation processes.

Sculpture

Le minbar de la mosquéeKutubiyya. Jonathan M.Bloom, Ahmed Toufiq,Stefano Carboni, et al. NewYork: Metropolitan Museumof Art, 1998. 114 pp. ISBN84-86022-96-7In 1998, after a longrestoration, the minbar ofthe Kutubiyya Mosque waspermanently installed in theBadi Palace in Marrakech,the result of co-operationbetween the MetropolitanMuseum of Art, New York,and the Ministry of CulturalAffairs of the Kingdom ofMorocco. This masterpieceof Andalusianwoodworking, builtbetween 1137 and 1145,offers an exceptional rangeof sculpted-wood panels ofconsiderable finesse andwith magnificent bonedecoration. During therestoration work, presentedin detail with ampleillustration, the minbar wasreinforced, its weakelements consolidated orreplaced, and its surfacedecoration cleaned.

StoneTendre comme la pierre. Lapierre : l’avenir du passé.Patrimoine bâti : guide pourla restauration et l’entretiendes monuments en régionCentre. Orléans : RégionCentre, Université d’Orléans,2000. 116 pp.This book provides thebasic ideas onmaintenance of tuffeaulimestone, the sedimentaryrock used for manybuildings of the LoireValley, which includesChartres, Orléans, andBourges. Because of rapidweathering, itsconservation has become amatter of primaryimportance. After a firstpart on the stone ofFrance’s Centre region, thephenomena of deteriorationare addressed, along withthe bases for diagnosisand choices ofconservation treatments.

ASMOSIA 1995 : actes de laIVème conférenceinternationale del’Association pour l’étudedes marbres et autresroches utilisés dans lepassé, Bordeaux–Talence,9–13 octobre 1995 :archéomatériaux, marbres etautres roches. MaxSchvoerer, ed. Bordeaux:

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ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

Université Michel deMontaigne, Centre derecherche en physiqueappliquée à l’archéologie,1999. 368 pp. ISBN 2-86781-244-5These proceedings include46 articles, in English andFrench, chosen from the 70lectures or posterspresented. Art historians,archaeologists, architects,conservators and restorers,physicists, chemists, andgeologists shared theirexperiences in linkingarchaeometry andarchaeology andimprovement in physicalmethods for characterisingrocks. The articles aregrouped under threeheadings: seriation andorigin; deterioration,restoration, conservation;ancient technologies andthe circulation of rawmaterials and of works.

Conservation of historicgraveyards. Ingval Maxwell,Ratish Nanda, and DennisUrquhart. Edinburgh:Historic Scotland. TechnicalConservation, Research andEducation Division, 2001. 180pp. (Guide for practitioners2) ISBN 1-900168-74-XXAfter a brief historicalintroduction to thedevelopment of burial sitesin Scotland, this guideexamines the technicalmatters relating to theconservation andmaintenance of Scottishcemeteries from the post-Reformation period. Topicsinclude legislation onproperty rights andresponsibilities, the varioustypes of tombs andmonuments, their materialsand deterioration

processes, repairs andrestoration, and groundmaintenance. Six casestudies are presented, andsix appendices provide aninventory of classifiedcemeteries and standarddocumentation forms forthe preparation of aconservation plan and onefor a survey ofdeterioration.

TextilesAndrinople, le rougemagnifique : de la teinture àl’impression, une cotonnadeà la conquête du monde.Musée de l’impression surétoffes. Paris: Editions de LaMartinière, 1995. 159 pp.ISBN 2-73-242135-9In the second half of the18th century, the Frenchtextile industry tried todiscover the secret behindthe oriental dyes known asandrinople, or Turkish red,made from madder plants.This amply illustrated workintroduces the industry andits context, the chemistry,the chemists, themanufacture of textiles,and the designers who turnsimple cotton fabrics intomasterpieces.

Restauración y conservaciónde tejidos/Restauració iconservació de teixits.Carmen Maseu and LuzMorata. Terrassa: Centre deDocumentació i MuseuTéxtil, 2000. 198 pp. ISBN 84-921199-4-2This work explains thetechniques and chemicalsused for conservation, andthe methodology used inthe cleaning process, theconsolidation and sewingtogether of various types oftextiles, including Egyptianand Coptic archaeologicaltextiles, costumes(decorative dresses and

embroideries), carpets, andtapestries. The appendixcontains a glossary ofterms defined by CIETA(The International Centrefor the Study of AncientTextiles). Catalan andSpanish bilingual text.

TheoryThe Invention of the HistoricMonument. FrançoiseChoay. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001. 247 pp. ISBN 0-521-45474-3This study, the Englishtranslation of the FrenchL’allégorie du patrimoine,traces Western thoughtfrom the Renaissance tothe present and thegrowing awareness of theexistence of vestiges of thepast, especiallymonuments from classicalantiquity and the greatRomanesque and Gothicstructures. The authoranalyses the concept ofthe “historical monument”over more than fivecenturies In the 19thcentury, such architectsand thinkers as Ruskin,Viollet-le-Duc, Riegl, andBoito developed theorieson how to preserve thesebuildings for posterity.

Conserver ou restaurer : lesdilemmes du patrimoine.Camillo Boito. Besançon: lesEditions de l’Imprimeur,2000. 111 pp. ISBN 2-910735-45-1This is the first Frenchtranslation of the bookConservare o restaurare(Conserve or Restore)written by Boito in 1893, inwhich he summarises hisexperience in restoringbuildings. The debate onwhether to conservehistorical monumentsscrupulously or to restoreand transform them, whichbegan in England at theend of the 18th century,was embodied by the twoantagonists Ruskin andViollet-le-Duc. Boitoopened the way to a third,philological, approach. Alsoinclude are texts byProsper Mérimée, on theCathedral of Strasbourg,and Viollet-le-Duc, onrestoration in Italy.

Town planning

Die orientalische Stadt imislamischen Vorderasien undNordafrika. 2 vols. EugenWirth. Mainz: Verlage Philippvon Zabern, 2000. 584 pp.,168 plates. ISBN 3-8053-2709-9This is an exhaustive workon the physical and socialstructure of the Islamiccities of western Asia andnorthern Africa. After anintroduction on the originof the town in theseregions, the authorprovides a detailed studyof: the function of thetown, its economy, thedifferent types ofsettlement, open-airspaces (squares, gardens,cemeteries), planning andredevelopment (includingthe problems ofrehabilitation). The text isamply illustrated withdrawings, a separatevolume of illustrations, andfour fold-out maps.

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

New this year

GraDoc (GraphicDocumentation Systems inMural PaintingConservation). Researchseminar, Rome 16–20November 1999. W.Schmid, ed. Rome:ICCROM, 2000. viii + 345pp., 1 CD-ROM. $45.00/€50.11

University PostgraduateCurricula for ConservationScientists. Proceedings ofthe International Seminar,Bologna, 26–27 November1999. Rome: ICCROM,2000. xiii + 141 pp.$25.00/€27.86

Other ICCROMpublications

Ancient Binding Media,Varnishes and Adhesives,2nd ed. L. Masschelein-Kleiner. Rome: ICCROM,1995. 118 pp. $15.00/€16.72

ARC LaboratoryHandbook. A. Urland & E.Borelli. Rome: ICCROM,1999. 5 pamphlets.$25.00/€27.86

Between Two Earthquakes.B.M. Feilden. Rome:ICCROM, 1987. 108 pp.$8.00/€8.92

Bibliography: Theses,Dissertations, ResearchReports in Conservation. G.Krist et al. (comp.) Rome:ICCROM, 1990. xii + 284pp. $20.00/€22.29

Biology in the Conservationof Works of Art. G. Caneva,M.P. Nugari & O. Salvadori.Rome: ICCROM, 1991, 192pp. $33.00/€36.75

C.R.I. Climate Control inMuseums: Participant’s andCourse Assistant’s Manual.G. de Guichen & B. deTapol. Rome: ICCROM,1998. 3 vols. Also availablein French. $40.00/€44.54

C.R.I. Le contrôle du climatdans les musées. Manuelpour le participant et lechargé de cours. G. deGuichen & B. de Tapol.Rome: ICCROM, 1997. 3

vols. Also available inEnglish. $40.00/€44.54

Characterization of EarthenBuilding Materials:Analysis, procedures forparticle size, liquid andplastic limits of soils. Videocassette; please specifyformat: NTSC, PAL orSECAM. $20.00/€22.29

Climat dans les musées:mesure/Climate inMuseums: Measurement.G. de Guichen. Rome:ICCROM, 1988 (reprint).Bilingual French/English.80 pp. $8.00/€8.92

Conservation of MetalStatuary and ArchitecturalDecoration in Open AirExposure/Conservation desœuvres d’art et décorationsen métal exposées en pleinair. Symposium. Paris,6–8.X.1986. Rome:ICCROM, 1987. In Englishand French. 302 pp.$15.00/€16.72

Conservation ofWaterlogged Wood andWet Leather. B.Mühlethaler, L. Barkan & D.Noack. Rome: ICCROM,1973. 71 pp. $8.00/€8.92

Conservation onArchaeologicalExcavations, 2nd ed. N.Stanley-Price, ed. Rome:ICCROM, 1995. xiv + 152pp. $16.00/€17.83

29

PUBLICATIONSFOR SALE ATICCROM

PUBLICATIONSFOR SALE ATICCROM

The works listed here, publishedeither by ICCROM or by ICCROM’spartners and other publishers, areavailable for purchase from ICCROM.Prices are in U.S. dollars and ineuros. Instructions for ordering aregiven on page 32.

Unless otherwise noted, works arein the language(s) of the title. Wheremore than one language is noted,the work contains material in alllanguages listed. Only works marked‘bilingual’ contain the completetranslated text.

Published by ICCROM

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

Damp Buildings, Old andNew. G. & I. Massari.Rome: ICCROM, 1994. xii+ 305 pp. $30.00/€33.41

European preventiveconservation strategyproject. A project report.Meeting held at Vantaa,Finland, September 21–22,2000/Vers une stratégieeuropéenne deconservation préventive:document adopté lors de laréunion de Vantaa des 21et 22 septembre 2000. N.Putt & H. Häyhä, eds.Vantaa: EVTEK, 2001. InEnglish and French. Free ofcharge.

Guide de gestion des sitesdu patrimoine culturelmondial. B.M. Feilden & J.Jokilehto. Rome: ICCROM,1996. viii + 127 pp. Alsoavailable in English.$20.00/€22.29

ICCROM & ITALIAQuarant’anni per lasalvaguardia del patrimonioculturale/ICCROM & ITALYForty Years for theSafeguarding of CulturalHeritage/ICCROM & ITALIEQuarante ans pour lasauvegarde du patrimoineculturel. Rome: ICCROM,2000. In Italian/English andItalian/French bilingualeditions. Free of charge.

Ironworks and IronMonuments: Study,Conservation and AdaptiveUse/Forges et monumentsen fer: étude, conservationet réutilisation. Rome:ICCROM, 1985. BilingualEnglish/French. 440 pp.$11.00/€12.26

Jeunes et sauvegarde dupatrimoine/Youth and theSafeguard of Heritage. A.Blondé, ed. Rome:ICCROM, 2000. 203 pp.$20.00/€22.29

Lavas and Volcanic Tuffs:Proceedings of theInternational Meeting,Easter Island, Chile,October 25–31, 1990.Rome: ICCROM, 1994. 368pp. $40.00/€44.54

Library List ofAcquisitions/Liste desacquisitions de labibliothèque. The ICCROMLibrary produces anacquisitions list three timesa year, with titles groupedunder major subjectheadings. These can be

purchased singly ($12.00/€13.37) or obtained bysubscription ($20.00/€22.29 a year, postageincluded), either in printedform or diskette forCDS/ISIS software orAdobe Acrobat.

Management Guidelines forWorld Cultural HeritageSites, 2nd ed. B.M. Feilden& J. Jokilehto. Rome:ICCROM, 1998. xi + 137pp. Also available inFrench. $15.00/€16.72

Matériaux de constructionporeux: science desmatériaux pour laconservation architectural.G. Torraca. Rome:ICCROM, 1986. 160 pp.$8.00/€8.92

Methods of EvaluatingProducts for Conservationof Porous BuildingMaterials in Monuments.Rome, 19–21 June 1995.Rome: ICCROM, 1995. xii+ 474 pp. $55.00/€61.25

Mosaics No. 2: Safeguard.Carthage 1978. Périgueux1980. Rome: ICCROM,1981. 63 pp. Also availablein French and Arabic.$9.00/€10.03

Mosaïque No. 2:sauvegarde. Carthage 1978.Périgueux 1980. Rome:ICCROM, 1981. 60 pp. Alsoavailable in English andArabic. $9.00/€10.03

The Past in the Future, 2nded. P. Gazzola. Rome:ICCROM, 1975. 138 pp.$8.00/€8.92

Photogrammétrie appliquéeaux relevés desmonuments et des centreshistoriques/Photogrammetry Applied to Surveys ofMonuments and HistoricCentres. M. Carbonnell.Rome: ICCROM, 1989.Bilingual English/French.175 pp. $13.00/€14.49

Presse et sauvegarde dupatrimoine/The press andthe safeguard of heritage.G. Pardo, ed. Rome:ICCROM, 2000. 187 pp.$20.00/€22.29

A Preventive ConservationCalendar for the SmallerMuseum. C. Antomarchi &M. McCord. Rome:ICCROM, 1996. 6 fascicles$12.00/€13.37

Risk Preparedness: aManagement Manual forWorld Cultural Heritage. H.Stovel. Rome: ICCROM,1998. xiii + 145 pp.$16.00/€17.83

The Safeguard of the NileValley Monuments as seenthrough ICCROM’s archive.Rome: ICCROM, 1996.Rome. CD-ROM for PC.$50.00/€55.68

The Safeguard of the Rock-Hewn Churches of theGöreme Valley.International Seminar.Rome: ICCROM, 1995. xii+ 231 pp. $33.00/€36.75

Scientific Investigations ofWorks of Art. M. Ferretti.Rome: ICCROM, 1993. 87pp. $12.00/€13.37

Solubilidad y disolventesen los problemas deconservación. G. Torraca.Rome: ICCROM, 1982.More recent editionavailable in English. 59 pp.$8.00/€8.92

Solubilité et solvantsutilisés pour laconservation des biensculturels. G. Torraca.Rome: ICCROM, 1980.More recent editionavailable in English. 78 pp.$8.00/€8.92

Solubility and Solvents forConservation Problems,4th ed. G. Torraca. Rome:ICCROM, 1990. 70 pp.$8.00/€8.92. First (1980)edition available in Frenchand Spanish.

Structural Conservation ofStone Masonry/Conservation structurellede la maçonnerie en pierre.Athens/Athènes, 31.X-3.XI,1989. Rome: ICCROM,1990. In English andFrench. 704 pp. $35.00/€38.98

Synthetic Materials Used inthe Conservation ofCultural Property. 1968.Photocopies. In English,French, and Spanish. 30pp. $3.00/€3.34

Western Medieval WallPaintings: Studies andConservation Experience.Sighisoara, Romania, 31August–3 September 1995.Rome: ICCROM, 1997. vi +84 pp. $28.00/€31.18

Other works for saleat ICCROM

The ABCs of CollectionsCare, rev. ed. T. Gillies & N.Putt. Winnipeg: ManitobaHeritage ConservationService, 1995. viii + 152pp. Also available inFrench. $33.00/€36.75

Against the ravages oftime: the preventiveconservation of the culturalheritage. Leuven: StedelijkeMusea Leuven, 1999.Video cassette, VHS-PAL,11 min. $11.90/€13.26

Architectural Preservationin Japan. K.E. Larsen.Trondheim: Tapir, 1994. xii+ 204 pp. 519. $20.00/€22.29

Architettura romana:tecniche costruttive eforme architettoniche delmondo romano/RomanArchitecture: ConstructionTechniques, 2nd ed. R.Marta. Rome: EdizioniKappa, 1990. 249 pp.Bilingual Italian/English.$20.00/€22.29

Biodeterioration of culturalproperty: Proceedings ofthe internationalconference, February20–25, 1989, Lucknow,India. O.P. Agrawal &Shashi Dhawan, eds.Lucknow: NLRC, 1991.Free of charge.

Chemical principles oftextile conservation. A.Tímár-Balázsy & D. Eastop.Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998. xx + 444pp. $110.00/€122.49

The Colours of Rome. B.Lange. Copenhagen:Danish Architectural Press,1995. 142 pp. $60.00/€66.82

Conference on Authenticityin Relation to the WorldHeritage Convention.Bergen, Norway, 31January–2 February 1994.Trondheim: Tapir, 1994. 138pp. $25.00/€27.86

The Conservation andStructural Restoration ofArchitectural Heritage, vol.I. G. Croci. Southampton:Computational MechanicsPublications, 1998. xv +251 pp. $196.00/€218.26

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ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

Conservation at the end ofthe 20th century/Laconservation à la fin duXXe siècle. D. Grattan, ed.N.p.: ICOM-CC, 2001. 23 +25 pp. Bilingual English/French. $13.00/€14.49

Conservation desmanuscrits de Dunhuang etd’Asie centrale. M. Cohen& A. Brandt, eds. Paris:Bibliothèque Nationale deFrance, 1998. 171 pp.$36.00/€40.09

A Conservation Manual forthe Field Archaeologist. C.Sease. Los Angeles: UCLAInstitute of Archaeology,1994. v + 114 pp. $18.00/€20.06

The Conservation ofHistoric Buildings. B.M.Feilden. London:Butterworths, 1994. 345pp. $50.00/€55.68

Conservation of LeatherArtefacts. T. Sturge.Northampton: LeatherConservation Centre, 2000.40 pp. $22.70/€25.30

The Conservation of StoneII. Preprints of theContributions to theInternational Symposium,Bologna, 27–30 October1981. Bologna: Centro perla Conservazione delleSculture all’Aperto, 1981. 2 vols. 844 pp. $27.00/€30.07

La conservation préventive.Paris, 8, 9 et 10 Octobre1992. Paris: ARAAFU,1992. 323 pp. $70.00/€77.95

Conservation, Protection,Presentation/Conservaçao,protecçao, apresentaçao.5th Conference of theInternational Committee forthe Conservation ofMosaics. Conimbriga,1994. Faro andConimbriga: ICCM, 1993.In several languages. xii +255 pp. $30.00/€33.41

The Conservator-Restorer’sProfessional Activity andStatus and itsResponsibility Towards theCultural Heritage. Florence,21–30 May 1997. Preprints.Leefdaal: ECCO, 1997. 237pp. $22.00/€24.52

La conservazione dellepitture murali. L. & P. Mora& P. Philippot. Bologna:

Editrice Compositori, 1999.xiv + 473 pp., 144 pl.$50.25/€55.77

Degrado dei monumenti inRoma in rapportoall’inquinamentoatmosferico. M. LaurenziTabasso & M. Marabelli.Viterbo: Beta Gamma,1992. 176 pp. $14.00/€15.60

Earth Construction: aComprehensive Guide. H.Houben & H. Guillaud.London: IntermediateTechnology Publications,1994. 362 pp. $46.00/€51.22

Environmental Monitoringand Control. Edinburgh:SSCR, 1990. 104 pp.$15.00/€16.72

Exhibit ConservationGuidelines: IncorporatingConservation into ExhibitPlanning, Design andFabrication. T. Raphael.Harpers Ferry: NationalPark Service, n.d. CD-ROM. $49.95/€ 55.62

Historical and PhilosophicalIssues in the Conservationof Cultural Heritage. N.Stanley-Price, M. K. Talley,Jr. & A. Melucco Vaccaro,eds. Los Angeles: The J.Paul Getty Trust, 1996. xvii+ 500 pp. $43.00/€47.88

A History of ArchitecturalConservation. J. Jokilehto.Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. xiv +354 pp. $89.00/€99.11

ICOM Committee forConservation. 11th TriennialMeeting, Edinburgh, 1–6Sept., 1996. 2 vols.Preprints. London: James& James, 1996. $140.00/€155.90

ICOM Committee forConservation. 12th TriennialMeeting, Lyon, 29August–3 September 1999.2 vols. Preprints. London:James & James, 1999.$150.00/€167.04

ICOM Committee forConservation StudySeries/Cahiers d’étude. (20essays on the state ofconservation andrestoration.) In French andEnglish. Paris: ICOM, 1995.32 pp. $6.00/€6.69

ICOMOS InternationalWood Committee. 8thInternational Symposium.Kathmandu, Nepal, 23–25November 1992.Trondheim: Tapir, 1994. 203pp. $25.00/€27.86

ICOMOS. Series producedfor 10th Assembly,Colombo, 1993. Directory.Each $40.00/€44.54

IFLA Principles for the Careand Handling of LibraryMaterials. E.P. Adcock, ed.Paris: IFLA-PAC & CPA,1998. 72 pp. $12.00/€13.37

Interdisciplinary approachabout studies andconservation of Mediaevaltextiles. Interim meeting ofICOM-CC Textiles WorkingGroup, Palermo, 22–24October 1998. R. Varoli-Piazza, ed. Roma: Il Mondo3 Edizioni, 1998. In Englishand Italian. 199 pp.$28.00/€31.18

International conference(8th) on the study andconservation of earthenarchitecture: Terra 2000.Proceedings, Torquay,Devon, UK, May 2000.London: James & James,2000. In several languages.452 pp. $94.00/€104.68

Liants, vernis et adhésifsanciens. 3rd ed. L.Masschelein-Kleiner.Brussels: IRPA, 1992. 123pp. $8.00/€8.92

Mosaics N. 2. Safeguard.Tunis: INAA, 1987. InArabic. 88 pp. $10.00/€11.14

Mount-making for MuseumObjects. R. Barclay, A.Bergeron & C. Dignard.Ottawa: CCI-ICC, Centrede conservation duQuébec, 1998. vi + 57 pp.Also available in French.$23.00/€25.63

The Museum Environment,2nd ed. G. Thomson.London: Butterworths,1994. 293 pp. $38.00/€42.32

Museums EnvironmentEnergy. M. Cassar. London:HMSO, 1994. 130 pp.$30.00/€33.41

Nara Conference onAuthenticity:Proceedings/Conférence

de Nara sur l’authenticité.Nara, 16.X.1994. Compte-rendu. 1995. In English andFrench. xi + 427 pp.$35.00/€38.98

Notions d’entretien descollections, 2nd ed. T.Gillies & N. Putt. Winnipeg:Service de Conservation duPatrimoine du Manitoba,1994. viii + 152 pp. Alsoavailable in English.$33.00/€36.75

Parchment: the physicaland chemicalcharacteristics ofparchment and thematerials used in itsconservation. B. M. Haines.Northampton: LeatherConservation Centre, 1999.33 pp. $18.00/€20.06

Passé, présent et futur despalais d’Abomey. Actes dela Conférence, Bénin, 22–26septembre 1997. LosAngeles: The J. Paul GettyTrust, 1999. Free of charge.

Pest management inmuseums, archives andhistoric houses. D.Pinniger. London:Archetype Publications,2001. ix + 115 pp.$30.70/€34.07

Practical BuildingConservation. J. Ashurst &N. Ashurst. Aldershot:Gower Technical Press,1988. 5 vols. Complete set$118.00/€131.40

Public et sauvegarde dupatrimoine : cahier desensibilisation à l’intentiondes guides. C. Perier-D’Ieteren, ed. Brussels:Université Libre deBruxelles, 1999. 158 pp.$20.00/€22.29

Restauration, dé-restauration. re-restauration… Paris, 5, 6 et7 octobre 1995. Paris:ARAAFU, 1995. 336 pp.$70.00/€77.95

Il restauro della pietra. L.Lazzzarini & M. LaurenziTabasso. Padova: CEDAM,1986. 320 pp. $23.75/€26.47

Science for Conservators.Book 1: An Introduction toMaterials. Book 2:Cleaning. Book 3:Adhesives & coatings.London: Routledge, 1992.Each $20.00/€22.29

31

ICCROM•NEWSLETTER

Les solvants. L.Masschelein-Kleiner.Brussels: IRPA, 1994. 131pp. $8.00/€8.92

Supports pour objets demusées: de la conception àla fabrication. R. Barclay, A.Bergeron & C. Dignard.Ottawa: CCI-ICC, Centrede Conservation duQuébec, 1998. vi + 57 pp.Also available in English.$23.00/€25.63

Tecnica costruttiva a Romanel Medioevo/ConstructionTechniques of the MiddleAges in Rome. R. Marta.Roma: Edizioni Kappa,1989. BilingualItalian/English. 100 pp.$26.00/€28.95

Tecnica costruttiva romana/Roman BuildingTechniques, 2nd ed. R.Marta. Roma: EdizioniKappa. 1991. BilingualItalian/English. 98 pp.$17.00/€18.95

Terra 93: Proceedings ofthe 7th InternationalConference on the Studyand Conservation ofEarthen Architecture.24–29 October 1993,Silves, Portugal. Lisbon:DGEMN, 1993. In English,French, and Portuguese.659 pp. $70.00/€77.95

By arrangement withIstituto Veneto per I BeniCulturali: InternationalCongress (9th) onDeterioration andConservation of Stone.Venice, June 19–24, 2000.V. Fassina, ed. 2 vols.Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2000.$190/€211.58

32

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Academy of Cultural Heritage Vilnius,Lithuania

Agence Nationale d’Archéologie et deProtection des Sites et MonumentsHistoriques (ANAPSMH), Algeria

Agence Nationale de Mise en Valeur etd’Exploitation du PatrimoineArchéologique et Historique (ANEP),Tunisia

Alvar Aalto Academy, FinlandAsian Institute of Technology (AIT)Associação Brasileira de Conservadores e

Restauradores de Bens Culturais(ABRACOR)

Byfornyelse DanmarkCanadian Conservation Institute (CCI)The Catholic University of AmericaCentre d’études supérieures d’histoire et de

conservation des monuments anciens(C.E.S.H.C.M.A, Ecole de Chaillot),Ministry of Culture, France

Centre de Formation à la Réhabilitation duPatrimoine Architectural (Ecole d’Avignon),France

Centre de recherches et de restauration desmusées de France (C2RMF)

Centre de recherches sur la conservation desdocuments graphiques (CRCDG), France

Centro de Conservação e Restauração deBens Culturais Moveis (CECOR), Brazil

Centro de Conservação Integrada Urbana eTerritorial (CECI), Universidade Federal dePernambuco, Brazil

Centro di Conservación y Restauración(CCR), Municipalidad Provincial deArequipa, Peru

Centro euromediterraneo per lo svilupposostenibile (Associazione INNOVA), Italy

Centro Nacional de Conservación yRestauración (CNCR), Chile

Centro Nacional de Conservación,Restauración y Museologia (CENCREM),Cuba

Centro Ricerche Archeologiche e Scavi diTorino per il Medio Oriente e l’Asia(CRAST), Italy

City of Quito, EcuadorCity of Rome, Italy, Office of the MayorConsejo Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural,

CubaConservation Study Institute, National Park

Service, U.S.A.Cultural Heritage Protection Co-operation

Office, Asia-Pacific Culture Centre forUNESCO (ACCU), Japan

Curso de Especialização em Conservação eRestauração de Monumentos e ConjuntosHistóricos (CECRE), Faculdade deArquitectura da Universidade Federal daBahía, Brazil

Department of Culture, Science andInformation, Hungary

Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos(DIBAM), Chile

Direction du Patrimoine et des Musées duNiger

Direction Générale du Patrimoine duMinistère des Affaires Culturelles,Morocco

Direction National des Arts et de la Culturedu Mali

Ecole du patrimoine africain (EPA)Ecole Nationale d’Architecture et

d’Urbanisme (ENAU), TunisiaEcole Nationale du Patrimoine, Institut de

formation des restaurateurs d’œuvres

d’art (ENP-IFROA), FranceEcole Nationale du Patrimoine, TunisiaEscola de Belas Artes, Universidade Federal

de Minas Gerais (UFMG), BrazilEscuela de Estudios Arabes (EEA), SpainEstonian Academy of ArtsEstonian Institute of Art HistoryEstonian National Heritage BoardEuromed Heritage Programme, European

CommissionEVTEK Institute of Art and Design, FinlandFinnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs,

Department of Development Co-operationFinnish National Board of AntiquitiesFondation Pégase, BelgiumFoundation for Scientific and Industrial

Research at the Norwegian University ofScience and Technology (SINTEF)

Fundaçao Vitae, BrazilThe Getty Conservation InstituteThe Getty Grant ProgramGhana Museums and Monuments Board Groupe d’Etudes et de Recherches sur les

Monuments Historiques (GERMH),Morocco

Hewlett-PackardHungarian Ministry of Cultural HeritageHungarian National MuseumHungarian World Heritage CommitteeINCO-Med Programme of the European

CommissionInstitut National des Sciences de

l’Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP),Morocco

Institut National du Patrimoine, TunisiaInstitute of Archaeology, University College

LondonInstituto de Capacitación Municipal (ICAM),

EcuadorInstituto do Património Histórico e Artístico

Nacional (IPHAN), BrazilInstituto Português de Conservação e

RestauroInternational Blue Shield Committee (ICBS)International Centre for Earth Construction –

School of Architecture of Grenoble(CRATerre-EAG)

International Committee for Education andCultural Action (ICOM-CECA)

International Council of Museums (ICOM)International Council on Monuments and

Sites (ICOMOS), Historic TownsCommittee

Istituto Centrale per il Restauro, ItalyIstituto Universitario di Architettura di VeneziaKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumLaboratoire de recherche des monuments

historiques (LRMH), FranceLatvian Department of Cultural Heritage

ProtectionLatvian National Commission for UNESCOMinistère de la Communication et de la

Culture, Algeria Ministry for Cultural Heritage, ItalyMinistry of Cultural Heritage, GreeceMinistry of Culture, Department of Cultural

Heritage Protection, LithuaniaMinistry of Foreign Affairs, Department of

Development Co-operation, ItalyMinistry of Public Works and the Department

of Antiquities, CyprusModèles et simulations pour l’architecture,

l’urbanisme et le paysage, Centre nationalde la recherche scientifique, Ministère dela culture et de la communication (UMR-

MAP, Ecole d’Architecture de Marseille),France

Museo Archeologico, Ferrara, ItalyNational Council for Arts and Culture of the

GambiaNational Museums of KenyaNetherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage

(ICN)Norwegian Agency for Development Co-

operation (NORAD)Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage

Research (NIKU)Norwegian University of Science and

Technology (NTNU)Oficina Nacional de Patrimonio Monumental,

Dominican RepublicOld Town Renewal Agency (OTRA), LithuaniaOpificio delle Pietre Dure, ItalyOrganisation of World Heritage CitiesPacific Islands Museum Association (PIMA)Parco Nazionale delle Cinque Terre, ItalyPrefeitura Municipal de Diamantina, BrazilThe Private Committees for the Safeguarding

of Venice (Venice in Peril, Save Venice,Kress Foundation)

Programme for Museum Development inAfrica (PMDA)

Regional Information Technology & SoftwareEngineering Center (RITSEC), Egypt

Riksantikvaren (Norwegian directorate forCultural Heritage)

School of Conservation, Royal DanishAcademy of Fine Art

SEAMEO–SPAFA (Regional Centre forArchaeology and Fine Arts), Thailand

Secretaria do Património, Museus e ArtesPlásticas, Ministry of Culture, Brazil

Secretaria Técnica de la Presidencia,Dominican Republic

Soprintendenza Archeologica Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Soprintendenza per i Beni Ambientali eArchitettonici di Venezia, Italy

Soprintendenza per i Beni Artistici e Storici diVenezia, Italy

South African Rock Art Project (SARAP)State Inspection for Heritage Protection of

LatviaSwedish International Development Co-

operation Agency (Sida)Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences,

Department of Landscape Planning (SLU)Swiss Development Co-operation (SDC)Tanzanian Department of AntiquitiesTokyo National Research Institute of Cultural

Property (TNRICP), JapanUNESCO Venice OfficeUNESCO World Heritage CentreUNESCO World Heritage FundUNESCO, Division of Cultural HeritageUNESCO-PROAP (UNESCO Principal

Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific)Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, SpainUniversité Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumUniversity of Paris III, Sorbonne Nouvelle,

Formation Continue, FranceUniversity of Aachen, GermanyUniversity of Bologna, ItalyUniversity of Oviedo, SpainUniversity of Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne

(MST)University of Thessaloniki, GreeceValletta Rehabilitation Project Office, MaltaThe World Bank

ICCROM’s partners in 2001

ICCROMvia di San Michele, 13I-00153 Rome, Italy

Telephone: +39-06585531Fax: +39-0658553349

[email protected]. iccrom.org

ICCROM, the International Centre for

the Study of the Preservation and

Restoration of Cultural Property, is an

inter-governmental organization (IGO),

and the only institution of its kind

dedicated to the protection and

preservation of cultural heritage

worldwide, including monuments and

sites, and museum, library, and archive

collections. ICCROM fulfils its mission

through collecting and disseminating

information; co-ordinating research;

offering consultancy and advice;

providing advanced training; and

promoting awareness of the value of

preserving cultural heritage. Founded in

1959, ICCROM has 100 Member States,

and 103 of the world’s leading

conservation institutions are Associate

Members.

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ICCROM - Newsletter 27 · Rahel Wolde Mikael, Administrative Assistant Collections Programme...

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