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GERO\EARGFEAM DOER\O CF\ TORRMOJOER FC GESOTRJOER BGT[_ROT^AT@GENRFE, B.D.

Ge t`o arlgtratgfe prfdoobgen lotwooe

\TJ [\FB_DRGFE DF\[F\ARGFE

(DMAGJAER)

aeb  

TAGER M_DGA 

(\OT[FEBOER)

GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1, ge t`o prgjo jgegstor‗s fccgdo. ^`ot`or `o was adtgen as a roprosoetatgvo

fc Dmagjaet, gs bgsputob ajfen t`o [artgos. Addfrbgen tf Dmagjaet, t`o oevomfpo dfetageob

ae anroojoet sgneob ly t`o prgjo jgegstor tf t`o occodt t`at t`o Anroojoet was oxtoebob ly

aeft`or t`roo yoars.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

awarb.1.  \ospfeboet roquosts1> t`o Rrglueam tf

(a) Bgrodt \TJ tf pfst ae grrovfdalmo laeh nuaraetoo ge t`o ajfuet fc $>?;,;;;as sodurgty cfr dfsts8 fr

(l) Ge t`o amtoreatgvo, bgrodt \TJ tf prfduro crfj a t`grb party wgt` bojfestralmyaboquato assots a monammy lgebgen uebortahgen tf pay aey dfsts frbor oetorobanagest \TJ, cagmgen w`gd` Tt. Mudga wfumb lo nraetob t`o prgjary romgocroquostob ge paranrap` 41(a), alfvo8 aeb

(d) Awarb Tt. Mudga t`o dfsts fc t`gs appmgdatgfe.

1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 fc t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47.10 

47.  Ge Dmagjaet‗s vgow, ovoe gc feo assujos t`at t`o Rrglueam gs ge prgedgpmo aut`frgzob tf frbor

sodurgty cfr dfsts, t`o roqugrojoets cfr sud` joasuro aro eft cumcgmmob ge t`o daso at `aeb,

sgedo sud` ae frbor s`fumb lo gssuob femy uebor oxdoptgfeam dgrdujstaedos eft prosoet

`oro.17 

2;.  Dmagjaet abjgts t`at gts cgeaedgam rosfurdos aro mgjgtob aeb t`at gt `fpos tf lo ge a pfsgtgfe tf

`fefr a pfssglmo dfsts awarb gssuob anagest gt.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 fc t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe prfvgbos as cfmmfws9

 Oxdopt as t`o partgos ft`orwgso anroo, t`o Rrglueam jay, gc gt dfesgbors t`at t`odgrdujstaedos sf roqugro, rodfjjoeb aey prfvgsgfeam joasuros w`gd` s`fumb lo tahoetf prosorvo t`o rospodtgvo rgn`ts fc ogt`or party.

2>.  GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47 prfvgbos, ge portgeoet part9

(1) At aey tgjo actor t`o gestgtutgfe fc t`o prfdoobgen, a party jay roquost t`at

 prfvgsgfeam joasuros cfr t`o prosorvatgfe fc gts rgn`ts lo rodfjjoebob ly t`o Rrglueam.R`o roquost s`amm spodgcy t`o rgn`ts tf lo prosorvob, t`o joasuros t`o rodfjjoebatgfefc w`gd` gs roquostob, aeb t`o dgrdujstaedos t`at roqugro sud` joasuros.

20.  R`us, t`oro gs ef quostgfe t`at, ge noeoram, t`o Rrglueam `as t`o aut`frgty tf frbor prfvgsgfeam

joasuros tf prosorvo a [arty‗s rgn`t. @fwovor, as ronumarmy eftob ly GDTGB trglueams,

 prfvgsgfeam joasuros s`fumb femy lo nraetob ge oxdoptgfeam dgrdujstaedos.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1), [rfdoburam Frbor Ef. < fcFdtflor , , para. ?08 Rot`yae Dfppor Dfjpaey [ty Mgjgtob v. Gsmajgd \opulmgd fc [ahgstae (GDTGB Daso Ef.A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47.42 R`o cadt

t`at frborgen sodurgty cfr dfsts gs eft oxprossmy prfvgbob cfr ge t`fso prfvgsgfes bfos eft

oxdmubo t`o Rrglueam‗s iurgsbgdtgfe tf gssuo sud` joasuro. \at`or, sud` prfvgsgfes aro

 p`rasob lrfabmy aeb oedfjpass ”aey prfvgsgfeam joasuros‚ t`o Rrglueam, actor darocummy

 lamaedgen t`o [artgos‗ getorosts boojs apprfprgato ”tf prosorvo t`o rospodtgvo rgn`t fc ogt`or

 party‚ uebor t`o ngvoe dgrdujstaedos. R`o cadt t`at ft`or sots fc arlgtratgfe rumos (sud` as

Art.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1.  R`o Rrglueam amsf cagms tf soo `fw sud` pfwor tf frbor sodurgty cfr dfsts ge apprfprgato

dgrdujstaedos wfumb dfetravoeo t`o purpfso aeb fvorrgbgen pfmgdy tf cadgmgtato bgsputo

rosfmutgfe lotwooe gevostfrs aeb statos.

GG.  \oqugrojoets fc ae Frbor cfr [rfvgsgfeam Joasuros4?

 

?0. 

Locfro frborgen aey prfvgsgfeam joasuro, partgdumarmy gedmubgen t`o nraetgen fc sodurgty cfrdfsts, uebor t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb t`o GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umos, ae arlgtram trglueam

just lo satgscgob

(1) t`at a rgn`t ge eoob fc prftodtgfe oxgsts aeb

( Ae arnujoet cavfralmo tf t`at pfsgtgfe gs t`at

4?  Arlgtratfr Nrgccgt`, w`gmo anroogen wgt` t`o rosumt fc t`o prosoet rumgen, cfrjumatob assoetgen roasfes w`gd`aro attad`ob tf t`gs bodgsgfe.

43   Ojgmgf Anustêe Jaccozgeg v. Hgenbfj fc Tpage  (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/7>/>), [rfdoburam Frbor Ef. < fcFdtflor

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1/>).21   Ojgmgf Anustêe Jaccozgeg v. Hgenbfj fc Tpage  (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/7>/>), [rfdoburam Frbor Ef. < fc

Fdtflor

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1.  As was dfrrodtmy statob ge [maja22, w`oro a trglueam dfesgstgen fc Darm C. Tamaes, Amlort Iae

vae boe Lorn aeb S.S. Soobor cfueb9

R`o rgn`ts tf lo prosorvob Xuebor Artgdmo 2> aeb \umo 47Z just romato tf t`oroquostgen party‗s algmgty tf `avo gts dmagjs dfesgborob aeb bodgbob ly t`o ArlgtramRrglueam aeb cfr aey arlgtram bodgsgfe w`gd`  nraets tf t`o Dmagjaet t`o romgoc gtsoohs tf lo occodtgvo aeb almo tf lo darrgob fut.2? 

30.  \ospfeboet‗s roquost cfr rogjlursojoet fc gts dfsts gs part fc gts bocoedo. ^`oroas Dmagjaet

roquosts romgoc tf t`o occodt t`at \ospfeboet lo frborob tf `fefr t`o anroojoet lotwooe t`o

[artgos, \ospfeboet roquosts tf bgsjgss t`o dmagj aeb, ge ture, frbor Dmagjaet tf rogjlurso

\ospfeboet cfr t`o oxpoesos eodossary cfr gts bocoedo. @oedo, \ospfeboet‗s prfdoburam rgn`t

tf dmagj rogjlursojoet fc gts oxpoesos (prfvgbob t`at t`o rospodtgvo roqugrojoets aro jot) gs

bgrodtmy mgehob tf t`o romgoc gt roquosts.

37.  R`o probfjgeaet fliodtgvo fc prfvgsgfeam joasuros gs tf prftodt t`o getonrgty fc t`o

 prfdoobgens. R`gs getonrgty dfjprgsos lft` sulstaetgvo aeb prfdoburam rgn`ts, sud` as, o.n.,

t`o prosorvatgfe fc ovgboedo.23 R`o rgn`t tf sooh rogjlursojoet fc feo‗s dfsts ge t`o daso fc

a cavfralmo awarb mghowgso dfestgtutos a prfdoburam rgn`t ge t`at soeso. @oedo, t`oro `as tf lo

ae occodtgvo jod`aegsj cfr prftodtgen t`gs rgn`t ge frbor tf roebor gt joaegencum.

>;.  Tgjgmarmy, ge Lurmgentfe2>, t`o trglueam ([rfc. Nalrgommo Haucjaee-Hf`mor prosgbgen, Ttop`oe

M. Bryjor aeb [rfc. Lrgngtto Ttore)9

 Ge t`o Rrglueam‗s vgow, t`o rgn`ts tf lo prosorvob ly prfvgsgfeam joasuros aro eftmgjgtob tf t`fso w`gd` cfrj t`o suliodt-jattor fc t`o bgsputo fr sulstaetgvo rgn`ts as

22

  [maja Dfesfrtguj Mgjgtob v. \opulmgd fc Lumnarga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/;4/

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

rocorrob tf ly t`o \ospfeboets, lut jay oxtoeb tf prfdoburam rgn`ts, gedmubgen t`onoeoram rgn`t tf t`o status quf aeb tf t`o efe-annravatgfe fc t`o bgsputo. 20 

>1.  As bgsdussob alfvo, \ospfeboet‗s prfdoburam rgn`t gs part fc gts bocoedo aeb t`us gs romatob

tf t`o romgoc gt roquosts. R`oro gs ef mgjgtatgfe ge t`o appmgdalmo prfvgsgfes as tf t`o eaturo fc

t`o rgn`ts tf lo prosorvob ly prfvgsgfeam joasuros. Ge jaey dasos, t`o rgn`ts gevfhob ly t`o

appmygen party wgmm lo fc prfdoburam eaturo27, o.n.  romatgen tf t`o prosorvatgfe fc ovgboedo.

R`o oxdmusgfe fc sud` rgn`ts crfj t`o sdfpo fc prfvgsgfeam joasuros wfumb uebumy earrfw

Artgdmo 2> fc t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47. Ge frbor tf roasfealmy

mgjgt t`o sdfpo, gt gs succgdgoet tf roqugro t`at t`o rgn`ts assortob ly t`o roquostgen party lo

romatob tf t`o roquostob romgoc. R`o Rrglueam cgebs t`at t`gs roqugrojoet gs jot `oro.

Oxgstgen vs. Dfebgtgfeam \gn`t

>4. 

R`orocfro, t`o (dfebgtgfeam) rgn`t tf rogjlursojoet fc monam dfsts quamgcgos as a rgn`t tf lo

 prftodtob wgt`ge t`o joaegen fc Artgdmo 2> GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo

47 (1).

20   Lurmgentfe \osfurdos Ged. aeb ft`ors v. \opulmgd fc Oduabfr aeb Ojprosa Ostatam [otrômofs bom Oduabfr([otrfOduabfr) (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/;0/;?), [rfdoburam Frbor Ef. 1 fe Lurmgentfe Frgoeto‗s \oquost cfr[rfvgsgfeam Joasuros fc Iueo

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/12.  As car as t`o bgsdussgfe gs dfedoreob w`ot`or fr eft t`o party roquostgen prfvgsgfeam

joasuros eoobs tf jaho aey s`fwgen as tf gts pfsgtgfe fe t`o jorgts,

?1

 t`gs quostgfe eoob eft lo cgeammy bodgbob ly t`o Rrglueam. Ge gts Dfuetor-Jojfrgam fc Iueo 3, GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47 (1), ae

frbor fc sodurgty cfr dfsts `as tf lo roqugrob ly t`o dgrdujstaedos. As `omb ly provgfus

trglueams, sud` frbor dae lo jabo femy ge oxdoptgfeam dasos.?4 [ursuaet tf iurgspruboedo fc

GDTGB trglueams, GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47 (1) gs dfestruob tf t`o occodt t`at gt roqugros (1)

?1  Tud` s`fwgen was, o.n., roqugrob ge Dgty Frgoeto Mgjgtob v. \opulmgd fc Oduabfr aeb Ojprosa Ostatam[otrômofs bom Oduabfr ([otrfoduabfr) (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/;3/

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb GDTGB Arlgtratgfe \umo 47 aro eft eodossargmy t`o sajo

as t`fso fc a bodgsgfe pursuaet tf w`gd` feo party gs tf pay amm abvaedos as ae oxdoptgfe tf

t`o rumo as prfvgbob cfr ge Abjgegstratgvo aeb Cgeaedgam \onumatgfe 12(4)(b). \onarbgen t`o

mattor, t`o Rrglueam, ge gts Bodgsgfe fc Bodojlor 1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1   \ad`om T. Nryelorn, Ttop`oe J. Nryelorn, Jgrgaj Y. Nryelorn aeb \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v.Nroeaba (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1;/3), Bodgsgfe fe Todurgty cfr Dfsts fc Fdtflor 12,

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1), [rfdoburam Frbor Ef. < fc Fdtflor

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/12. Appmgdatgfes cfr sodurgty aro ge`oroetmy tf lo jabo at gedoptgfe locfro aey

cgmgens fr prffcs ogt`or way ge rospfeso tf t`o laro dmagj gtsomc. R`o \ospfeboet‗sappmgdatgfe cfr sodurgty gs nrfuebob joromy upfe fe t`o ammonob gedapadgty ge t`o dmagjgen party tf joot abvorso dfsts frbors jabo at a tgjo w`oe t`o dmagjaet jay eft `avo putovoe a sujjary fc gts daso tf ostalmgs` iurgsbgdtgfe aeb jorgts.

0.  @oedo, cfr ossoetgammy t`o sajo roasfes statob ge paras. 2 tf 3 alfvo, gt gs dfedoptuammygjporjgssglmo tf dast aey lurboe fe a rospfeboet appmgdaet cfr dfsts sodurgty tf `avo aeyflmgnatgfe tf prfccor aey daso ge rocutatgfe ge abvaedo fc t`o dmagjaet pmoabgen gts daso.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1. Cfr t`at roasfe, G aj gedmgeob eft sf jud` tf cgx t`o frbors `oro jabo tf t`o podumgar, aebtrumy feo-fcc, bocaumtgen dfsts `gstfry fc t`o \TJ Nrfup, lut tf t`o bgsdroto t`grb partycuebgen gssuo.

10. Jy botorjgeatgvo prfpfsgtgfe gs t`at fedo gt appoars t`at t`oro gs t`grb party cuebgen fc aegevostfr‗s dmagjs , t`o feus gs dast fe t`o dmagjaet tf bgsdmfso amm romovaet cadtfrs aeb tfjaho a daso w`y sodurgty cfr dfsts frbors s`fumb eft lo jabo.

17. 

R`oso suppmojoetam roasfes bf eft quamgcy jy ab`oroedo tf t`o jaifrgty botorjgeatgfefe iurgsbgdtgfe aeb t`o Bodgsgfe jabo ge  para. 7;  tf w`gd` t`oso assoetgen roasfes aroappoebob.

Batob 1< Aunust

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 fc t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe aeb \umo 47 fc t`o GDTGB Arlgtratgfe

\umos, t`o Jaifrgty frbors Dmagjaet tf pfst a $>?;,;;; laeh nuaraetoo tf soduro payjoet

fc aey jfegos t`at t`o Rrglueam jay awarb \ospfeboet as dfsts aeb attfreoy coos ge t`gs

 prfdoobgen. Ge jy vgow, t`o maenuano fc Artgdmo 2> aeb \umo 47, prfpormy getorprotob,

bfos eft suppfrt t`gs ueprodoboetob rosumt. G just t`orocfro rospodtcummy bgssoet, cfr twf

roasfes. Cgrst, G bf eft t`geh t`at ae frbor roqugrgen Dmagjaet tf soduro dfsts w`gd` jay

 lo awarbob tf \ospfeboet gs oedfjpassob wgt`ge t`o dmass fc ”prfvgsgfeam joasuros‚

w`gd` jay ”lo tahoe tf prosorvo t`o rgn`ts‚ fc \ospfeboet. Todfeb, oetry fc ae ”frbor‚

sgjpmy cmgos ge t`o cado fc t`o oxpmgdgt bgrodtgfe ge lft` Artgdmo 2> aeb \umo 47 t`at a

trglueam jay ”rodfjjoeb‚ prfvgsgfeam joasuros. G wgmm bovomfp oad` roasfe lomfw.

aeb

rogtoratob ge \umo 47. ^`oro t`o maenuano gs susdoptglmo fc jfro t`ae feo getorprotatgfe

(por`aps ovoe jumtgpmo getorprotatgfes), as gs t`o daso `oro, gt gs usocum aeb apprfprgato tf

oxajgeo t`o fvoramm purpfso aeb getoet fc t`o Dfevoetgfe aeb gts gjpmojoetgen rumos.Addfrbgen tf t`o \opfrt fc t`o Oxodutgvo Bgrodtfrs fe t`o Dfevoetgfe fe t`o Tottmojoet

fc Gevostjoet Bgsputos lotwooe Ttatos aeb Eatgfeams fc Ft`or Ttatos (`orogeactor,

”\opfrt‚), t`o umtgjato agj fc t`o Dfevoetgfe gs tf oedfurano odfefjgd bovomfpjoet

t`rfun` prgvato gevostjoet9

R`o droatgfe fc ae gestgtutgfe XGDTGBZ bosgneob tf cadgmgtato t`o

sottmojoet fc bgsputos lotwooe Ttatos aeb cfrogne gevostfrs dae lo

a jaifr stop tfwarb prfjftgen ae atjfsp`oro fc jutuam

dfecgboedo aeb t`us stgjumatgen a marnor cmfw fc prgvato

getoreatgfeam dapgtam getf t`fso dfuetrgos w`gd` wgs` tf attradt gt.

\opfrt ³ 7.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 (w`gd` G s`amm bgsduss jfjoetargmy)

rocmodts t`o ”darocum‚ lamaedo getoebob ly t`o bractors fc t`o Dfevoetgfe aeb gt s`fumb lo

ngvoe a roasfealmo dfestrudtgfe bosgneob tf jagetage t`at lamaedo. Rf suppfso t`at aeysgenmo GDTGB trglueam `as t`o pfwor tf frbor sodurgty cfr dfsts w`oeovor ”gt dfesgbors

t`at t`o dgrdujstaedos sf roqugro‚ (Dfevoetgfe, Art. 2>) pftoetgammy gjpfsos a sgzalmo

 lurboe fe GDTGB gevostfr-dmagjaets at t`o futsot, locfro t`ogr dmagjs dae ovor lo `oarb,

 ly trglueam rumgens t`at aro eft femy ab `fd lut amsf  pfst `fd. Tud` ueprobgdtalgmgty gs

uemghomy tf prfjfto ”ae atjfsp`oro fc jutuam dfecgboedo aeb t`us stgjumatXoZ a marnor

 cmfw fc prgvato getoreatgfeam dapgtam.‚ (\opfrt ³ 7). Gc t`o bractors fc t`o Dfevoetgfe `ab

getoebob tf ngvo trglueams t`o pfwor tf awarb sodurgty cfr dfsts, gt wfumb `avo looe

roasfealmo tf oxpodt t`at t`oy wfumb `avo (1) sagb sf, aeb (

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/11.) (Gtamgds ge frgngeam.) R`at apparoetmy gs lodauso, ge t`o Jaifrgty‗s vgow, ”XtZ`o

`ypft`otgdam omojoet fc t`o rgn`t at gssuo gs feo fc t`o ge`oroet d`aradtorgstgds fc t`o

rongjo fc prfvgsgfeam joasuros.‚ ( Gb.) Eft sf, G t`geh, uemoss feo dgrdumarmy addopts t`o

gedmusgfe fc a dfetgenoet dmagj cfr a dfst awarb wgt`ge t`o bocgegtgfe fc a ”rgn`t.‚ R`oro

aro suromy ft`or oxgstgen rgn`ts w`gd` jgn`t lo prftodtob uebor t`o aut`frgty fc Artgdmo

2>. R`o Rrglueam ge Jaccozgeg v. Tpage navo ae oxajpmo9

 Ae oxajpmo fc ae oxgstgen rgn`t wfumb lo ae getorost ge a pgodo fc

 prfporty, t`o fweors`gp fc w`gd` gs ge bgsputo. A prfvgsgfeam

joasuro dfumb lo frborob tf roqugro t`at t`o prfporty eft lo sfmb

fr amgoeatob locfro t`o cgeam awarb fc t`o arlgtram trglueam. Tud`

ae frbor wfumb prosorvo t`o status quf fc t`o prfporty, t`us

 prosorvgen t`o rgn t̀s fc t`o party ge t`o prfporty.

 Jaccozgeg v. Tpage, (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L7>/>) [rfdoburam Frbor Ef.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 aro jagemy t`fso cfrjumatob tf prosorvo t`o status quf poebo mgto.

0. Ge jy vgow, t`o maenuano fjgttob dfecgrjs t`o dfedmusgfe road`ob ly dfesgborgen t`o

maenuano usob. @ab t`o Dfevoetgfe‗s bractors getoebob tf gedmubo ge Artgdmo 2> (fr

omsow`oro) t`o aut`frgty cfr gebgvgbuam trglueams tf frbor sodurgty cfr dfsts, a prfvgsgfe

wgt` t`o pftoetgam cfr sgnegcgdaet mgjgtatgfe fe gevostfr-dmagjaets‗ addoss tf GDTGB, gt

wfumb `avo looe roasfealmo tf oxpodt t`at t`oy wfumb uso oxpmgdgt maenuano tf tomm us t`at

sodurgty cfr dfsts was a part fc t`o lamaedo w`gd` t`o Dfevoetgfe road`ob lotwooe t`o

getorosts fc gevostfrs aeb t`fso fc jojlor statos. Gt bgb eft bf sf, ge dfetrast wgt` ft`orarlgtratgfe rongjos. Artgdmo

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 aeb t`o ”darocum lamaedo‚ (\opfrt ³ 14) w`gd` t`o Dfevoetgfe‗s

bractors agjob tf ad`govo. Cfr t`o roasfes statob alfvo, G bgsanroo.

1;. G ture efw tf t`o sodfeb roasfe cfr bgsanroogen wgt` t`o Jaifrgty‗s getorprotatgfe fc

Artgdmo 2>9 oetry fc ae ”frbor‚ sgjpmy cmgos ge t`o cado fc t`o oxpmgdgt bgrodtgfe ge lft`

Artgdmo 2> aeb \umo 47 t`at a trglueam jay ”rodfjjoeb‚ prfvgsgfeam joasuros. R`o

GDTGB nfvoregen bfdujoets, dfesgborob as a w`fmo, bojfestrato t`at t`oro gs a dmoar

bgstgedtgfe lotwooe t`o pfwor tf ”frbor‚ aeb t`o pfwor tf ”rodfjjoeb,‚ aeb t`o bractgen

`gstfry fc t`o Dfevoetgfe bojfestratos t`at t`o pfwor fc gebgvgbuam trglueams tf ”frbor‚

 prfvgsgfeam joasuros was dfesgborob aeb roiodtob ly t`o bractors.

11. R`o bgstgedtgfe lotwooe t`o pfwor tf ”frbor‚ aeb t`o pfwor tf ”rodfjjoeb‚ gs oxpmgdgtmy

rodfnegzob ly GDTGB‗s Abbgtgfeam Cadgmgty \umos9

(1) _emoss t`o arlgtratgfe anroojoet ft`orwgso prfvgbos, ogt`or

 party jay at aey tgjo burgen t`o prfdoobgen roquost t`at

 prfvgsgfeam joasuros cfr t`o prosorvatgfe fc gts rgn`ts lo frborob

ly t`o Rrglueam. R`o Rrglueam s`amm ngvo prgfrgty tf t`o

dfesgboratgfe fc sud` a roquost.

( fc t`o Dfevoetgfe aeb \umo 47

fc t`o Arlgtratgfe \umos fjgt uso fc t`o torj, ”frbor‚ fr aey sgjgmar torj.

1

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1 aeb \umo 47 gs

getoetgfeam. As ae aut`frgtatgvo dfjjoetatfr fe t`o GDTGB Dfevoetgfe `as statob9

R`o monam aut`frgty fc bodgsgfes fe prfvgsgfeam joasuros was a

doetram quostgfe ge t`o bractgen fc Art. 2>. XCfftefto fjgttob.Z R`o^frhgen [apor, t`o [romgjgeary Bract aeb t`o Cgrst Bract cfrosaw

t`o pfwor fc ae GDTGB trglueam tf prosdrglo rat`or t`ae joromy

rodfjjoeb prfvgsgfeam joasuros (@gstfry, Sfm. G, p.

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1

1?. Dgtgen rumgens ly ft`or trglueams, t`o Jaifrgty flsorvos, ”gt gs womm sottmob ajfen GDTGB

trglueams t`at sud` bodgsgfes aro lgebgen.‚ (Jai. Fp. ³ 27). Td`rouor brymy puts t`o pfget

smgn`tmy bgccoroetmy9

 Bospgto t`o apparoetmy dmoar rostrgdtgfe tf rodfjjoebatgfes,

trglueams `avo bovomfpob a bfdtrgeo uebor w`gd` prfvgsgfeam

joasuros `avo lgebgen occodt fe t`o partgos.

Td`rouor ³ 10.

13. Ef jattor `fw jaey tgjos gt gs ropoatob, ae frbor gs eft a rodfjjoebatgfe. Femy ge t`o

 iurgspruboedo fc ae gjangeary ^febormaeb wfumb t`gs jaho soeso9

‐^`oe G uso a wfrb,‗ @ujpty Bujpty sagb, ge rat`or a sdfrecum

tfeo, ‐gt joaes iust w`at G d`ffso gt tf joae D  eogt`or jfro efr

moss.‗

‐R`o quostgfe gs,‗ sagb Amgdo, ‐w`ot`or yfu dae jaho wfrbs joae

sf jaey bgccoroet t`gens.‗

‐R`o quostgfe gs,‗ sagb @ujpty Bujpty, ‐w`gd` gs tf lo jastor D  

t`at's amm.‗

 Amgdo was tff jud` puzzmob tf say aeyt`gen.

Mowgs Darrfmm (D`armos Mutwgbno Bfbnsfe), ”R@\F_N@ R@O MFFHGEN NMATT AEB ^@AR

AMGDO CF_EB R@O\O  (10>1). Mgho Amgdo, G aj puzzmob, lut G wgmm voeturo tf say

sfjot`gen jfro.

1>. Ge road`gen gts bodgsgfe dfedoregen sodurgty cfr dfsts, t`o Jaifrgty romgos ge part fe gts

dfedmusgfe, lasob fe t`o shotd`gost fc rodfrbs, t`at Dmagjaet `as t`grb party cuebgen tf

cgeaedo gts daso. (Jai. Fp. ³  0 aeb \umo 47 ly flsorvgen t`at, ge 173?, w`oe t`o GDTGB

Dfevoetgfe was bractob, ”gssuos sud` as t`grb party cuebgen aeb t`us t`o s`gctgen fc t`o

cgeaedgam rgsh away crfj t`o dmagjgen party woro eft as croquoet, gc at amm, as t`oy aro

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1.) Ge jy vgow, t`gs ratgfeamo gmmustratos t`o wgsbfj fc trglueams‗

`owgen dmfsomy tf t`o wfrbs fc t`o nfvoregen bfdujoets (t`o Dfevoetgfe aeb Arlgtratgfe

\umos) aeb t`o jgsd`goc w`gd` dae cfmmfw gc gebgvgbuam trglueams abiubgdatgen partgdumar

dasos matd` fe tf lrfab maenuano ge t`o nfvoregen bfdujoets as a warraet tf abbross

jattors w`gd`, gc t`oy woro jattors fc noeoram dfedore, dfumb aeb s`fumb lo abbrossob ly

t`o GDTGB Abjgegstratgvo Dfuedgm actor geput aeb dfesumtatgfe wgt` amm getorostob partgos.

10.  R`o Jaifrgty‗s dfedmusgfe t`at t`oro gs t`grb-party cuebgen `oro aeb t`at t`o oxgstoedo fc

sud` cuebgen suppfrts gts bodgsgfe gs lasob fe a feo-soetoedo abjgssgfe omgdgtob crfj

Dmagjaet‗s dfuesom burgen t`o Rrglueam‗s Cgrst Tossgfe. (Jai. Fp. ³ >?, dgtgen Rraesdrgpt

fc Cgrst Tossgfe fc Fdtflor 2,

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 \TJ [rfbudtgfe Dfrpfratgfe v. Taget Mudga (GDTGB Daso Ef. A\L/1