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IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !!...

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IDEALLY IDEALLY . . I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! EXACERBATIONS !! AND THAT SHOULD BE OUR PRIMARY AND THAT SHOULD BE OUR PRIMARY GOAL. GOAL. Jay I. Peters MD, FCCP Jay I. Peters MD, FCCP CME-TODAY, Vol. 2. Num. 5, CME-TODAY, Vol. 2. Num. 5, October 2,003 October 2,003
Transcript
Page 1: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

• IDEALLYIDEALLY. . I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !!EXACERBATIONS !!

AND THAT SHOULD BE OUR PRIMARY AND THAT SHOULD BE OUR PRIMARY GOAL.GOAL.

Jay I. Peters MD, FCCPJay I. Peters MD, FCCP

CME-TODAY, Vol. 2. Num. 5, October CME-TODAY, Vol. 2. Num. 5, October 2,0032,003

Page 2: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

ADVERTENCIA !ADVERTENCIA ! EL MEJOR MOMENTO PARA TRATAR UN EL MEJOR MOMENTO PARA TRATAR UN

ESTADO ASMATICO ES :ESTADO ASMATICO ES :

TRES DIAS ANTES DE QUE OCURRATRES DIAS ANTES DE QUE OCURRA

RICHARD FARRRICHARD FARR

Reversible obstructive Airway Disease,Thomas L.Petty,MD and B.Boyd Bigelow MD,Pag. 174,Intensive and Reversible obstructive Airway Disease,Thomas L.Petty,MD and B.Boyd Bigelow MD,Pag. 174,Intensive and Rehabilitative Respiratory care,2Rehabilitative Respiratory care,2ndnd. Edition, 1974. Edition, 1974

Page 3: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

John Rees. “Asthma control in John Rees. “Asthma control in adults”adults”

BMJ 2006; 332; 767-771BMJ 2006; 332; 767-771

Page 4: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Fernando A. Hernando M.,MD.,FCCPFernando A. Hernando M.,MD.,FCCP ATS,ALAT, SMNCT. CMD,SERPA.ERS.ATS,ALAT, SMNCT. CMD,SERPA.ERS.

Presidente Fundador SDNCTPresidente Fundador SDNCT Past-presidente Fundador NEUMONORTEPast-presidente Fundador NEUMONORTE

[email protected]

Page 5: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

DefiniciónDefinición

Crisis asmática severa presente por Crisis asmática severa presente por varios días u horas, que no cede con varios días u horas, que no cede con tratamiento convencional bien hecho.tratamiento convencional bien hecho.

Dr. Fernando A. Hernando M..Dr. Fernando A. Hernando M..1986, modificado 20041986, modificado 2004

Page 6: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

THERE IS A TENDENCY TO UNDERTHERE IS A TENDENCY TO UNDERDIAGNOSE ASTHMA,WHICH ALLOWS PATIENT DIAGNOSE ASTHMA,WHICH ALLOWS PATIENT TO A MORE SEVERE STAGE OF THE DISEASE.TO A MORE SEVERE STAGE OF THE DISEASE.

James F. Donohue MD, FCCPJames F. Donohue MD, FCCPCME-TODAY, VOL 2, Num.5, October CME-TODAY, VOL 2, Num.5, October 2,0032,003

Page 7: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

La crisis asmática tiende a La crisis asmática tiende a autoperpetuarse abortar una crisis autoperpetuarse abortar una crisis

antes que se convierta en una antes que se convierta en una emergencia respiratoria. emergencia respiratoria.

Reversible obstructible airway disease, Thomas L. Petty, MD Reversible obstructible airway disease, Thomas L. Petty, MD and D. Boyd Bigelow MD. Pag. 174, intense and and D. Boyd Bigelow MD. Pag. 174, intense and rehabilitative respiratory care 2rehabilitative respiratory care 2ndnd. Edition. 1974. Edition. 1974..

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Page 9: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Hay dos tipos diferentes deHay dos tipos diferentes de Asma fatal aguda !!!Asma fatal aguda !!!

TIPO LENTO ( I) :TIPO LENTO ( I) :

Obstrucción progresiva de la vía aerea porObstrucción progresiva de la vía aerea por

Edema, mucosidad y Broncoespasmo.Edema, mucosidad y Broncoespasmo.

Page 10: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Continua….Continua….

TIPO IITIPO II

Predomina el Broncoespasmo.Predomina el Broncoespasmo.

(Fatal asthma in childhod preventable by(Fatal asthma in childhod preventable byreconizing rizk factors and presentingreconizing rizk factors and presenting features)features)Verbruggen SC, Corel LJ, Tiddens HA, Joosten KF, de Hoog M.Verbruggen SC, Corel LJ, Tiddens HA, Joosten KF, de Hoog M.Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2006 Feb 4 ; 150(5):225-9Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2006 Feb 4 ; 150(5):225-9

Page 11: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

publicado en junio de 1938 y vendido por 10 centavos

de dólar-

12 años después de que el cómic saliera al mercado, un niño de nueve años tuvo que suplicar a su padre para que le comprara una copia del número uno

costaba 35 centavos de dólar

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Page 13: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.
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Cómo reconocer un estado Cómo reconocer un estado asmático?asmático?

1.1. Dificultad del paciente para hablar.Dificultad del paciente para hablar.

2.2. Cianosis central, ansiedad, Cianosis central, ansiedad, “nerviosismo”, taquicardia“nerviosismo”, taquicardia

3.3. Trastornos de la concienciaTrastornos de la conciencia

4.4. Pulso paradójicoPulso paradójico

5.5. Disminución o ausencia del ruido Disminución o ausencia del ruido respiratoriorespiratorio

6.6. No sibilancias (silent chest)No sibilancias (silent chest)

Page 15: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

-agonists are relatively more effective in the distal airways

Anticholinergic agents are more effective in the

proximal airways

Combination Therapy

Page 16: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmáticaCrisis asmáticaObjetivos del tratamiento Objetivos del tratamiento

Revertir rapidamente la obstrucción de Revertir rapidamente la obstrucción de la vía aéreala vía aérea

Corregir la hipoxemiaCorregir la hipoxemiaRestablecer la función pulmonar Restablecer la función pulmonar

normalnormalEvitar futuras recaidasEvitar futuras recaidas Neumonología. Hospital GarrahanNeumonología. Hospital Garrahan

Page 17: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Primary therapies for exacerbations:Primary therapies for exacerbations: Repetitive administration of rapid-acting inhaled Repetitive administration of rapid-acting inhaled

ββ22-agonist-agonist Early introduction of systemic Early introduction of systemic

glucocorticosteroidsglucocorticosteroids

Oxygen supplementationOxygen supplementation

Closely monitor response to treatment with serialClosely monitor response to treatment with serialmeasures of lung functionmeasures of lung function

Primary therapies for exacerbations:Primary therapies for exacerbations: Repetitive administration of rapid-acting inhaled Repetitive administration of rapid-acting inhaled

ββ22-agonist-agonist Early introduction of systemic Early introduction of systemic

glucocorticosteroidsglucocorticosteroids

Oxygen supplementationOxygen supplementation

Closely monitor response to treatment with serialClosely monitor response to treatment with serialmeasures of lung functionmeasures of lung function

Asthma Management and Prevention ProgramAsthma Management and Prevention Program

Component 4: Manage Asthma Component 4: Manage Asthma ExacerbationsExacerbations

Asthma Management and Prevention ProgramAsthma Management and Prevention Program

Component 4: Manage Asthma Component 4: Manage Asthma ExacerbationsExacerbations

Page 18: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmáticaCrisis asmáticaTratamientoTratamiento

Empleo de BEmpleo de B22 agonistas selectivos de agonistas selectivos de acción corta por vía inhalatoriaacción corta por vía inhalatoria

Incorporación temprana de corticoides Incorporación temprana de corticoides sistémicossistémicos

Empleo de oxígeno suplementario a Empleo de oxígeno suplementario a bajo flujo aún sin monitoreobajo flujo aún sin monitoreo

Cita para control y seguimientoCita para control y seguimiento Neumonología . Hospital GarrahanNeumonología . Hospital Garrahan

Page 19: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

La paradoja del B2Agonista La paradoja del B2Agonista de corta y rápida acciónde corta y rápida acción

El uso del B2 agonista alivia el El uso del B2 agonista alivia el broncoespasmo, pero no actúa broncoespasmo, pero no actúa

sobre la sobre la inflamacióninflamación en el en el

momento momento críticocrítico

Page 20: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

USO COMO RESCATADOR DE LA COMBINACIÓN USO COMO RESCATADOR DE LA COMBINACIÓN SALBUTAMOL / BECLOMETASONA EN UN SOLO SALBUTAMOL / BECLOMETASONA EN UN SOLO

INHALADOR PARA EL ASMA LEVEINHALADOR PARA EL ASMA LEVE

Papi et al, N Engl J Med 356; 2040-2052 (May 17, 2007)

En pacientes con asma leve, el uso guiado por los síntomas de la combinacion

Salbutamol/Beclometasona en un Inhalador único, es tan efectivo como el uso regular de Beclometasona inhalada y se asocia con una

dosis acumulativa menor en 6 meses de Corticoides inhalados

Page 21: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

prncombinaciónSALB / BCP

prnsalbutamol

uso diariobeclometasona + salbutamol

uso diariocombinacóni+ salbutamolN

úm

ero

de

exa

cerb

acio

nes

po

r p

acie

nte

s/añ

o

Papi A et al. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2040-52

EFECTO en EXACERBACIONES

Page 22: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Anticholinergics - Severe Acute AsthmaTherapeutic benefit particularly in those patients in whom the

FEV1 was less than 30% of the predicted

60

30

10

40

100

20

50

90

80

70

906030 120 150 180Pre

FEV

1 (

% P

RE

DIC

TED

)

TIME ( min)

FEV1 30%

60

30

10

40

100

20

50

90

80

70

906030 120 150 180Pre

FEV

1 (

% P

RE

DIC

TED

)

TIME ( min)

S n = 70+IB n = 58

FEV1 > 30%

IB + ipratropium bromide

S salbutamol Rodrigo and Rodrigo, Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:1862-8

Page 23: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

CRISIS ASMATICA GRAVE CRISIS ASMATICA GRAVE Razones para usar nebulizadoresRazones para usar nebulizadores

En presencia de obstrucción bronquial con En presencia de obstrucción bronquial con disminución importante del FEV1 no se disminución importante del FEV1 no se obtendrían volumen y flujos inspiratorios obtendrían volumen y flujos inspiratorios adecuados para el uso de IDM.adecuados para el uso de IDM.

La disminución de la relación Ti/ Te no permite La disminución de la relación Ti/ Te no permite el deposito del aerosol.el deposito del aerosol.

La broncodilatación obtenida seria mayor con La broncodilatación obtenida seria mayor con la nebulización continua de broncodilatadoresla nebulización continua de broncodilatadores

Requerimiento de altas FiORequerimiento de altas FiO22 de oxígeno de oxígeno

Page 24: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmáticaCrisis asmáticaInhalador a dosis medida con Inhalador a dosis medida con

aerocámaraaerocámara

Debe ser considerado la mejor Debe ser considerado la mejor modalidad de administración de ßmodalidad de administración de ß22 agonistas en niños con crisis asmática agonistas en niños con crisis asmática por:por:

Beneficio clínicoBeneficio clínicoSeguridadSeguridadFacilidad y rapidez de administraciónFacilidad y rapidez de administraciónBajo costoBajo costo

Page 25: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmáticaCrisis asmáticaIDM con aerocámaraIDM con aerocámara

Rápidos y portátilesRápidos y portátilesMás económicos que el nebulizadorMás económicos que el nebulizadorDosis reproducible durante la vida útil del Dosis reproducible durante la vida útil del

canistercanisterMenor depósito orofaringeoMenor depósito orofaringeoPenetración adecuada en las vías aéreas Penetración adecuada en las vías aéreas

distalesdistales

Page 26: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmáticaCrisis asmáticaIDM con aerocámaraIDM con aerocámara

Rápidos y portátilesRápidos y portátilesMás económicos que el nebulizadorMás económicos que el nebulizadorDosis reproducible durante la vida útil del Dosis reproducible durante la vida útil del

canistercanisterMenor depósito orofaringeoMenor depósito orofaringeoPenetración adecuada en las vías aéreas Penetración adecuada en las vías aéreas

distalesdistales

Page 27: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Turbohaler® Inhalador efectivo en el manejo de la Crisis Asmática en el Cuarto de Urgencias

Turbohaler® Inhalador efectivo en el manejo de la Crisis Asmática en el Cuarto de Urgencias

VEF1 (% cambio)Budesonida/Formoterol

Salbutamol

00 30 60 90 120 210

5

101520

25

30

35

4045

150Tiempo desde la primera administración (minutos)

180

No hubo diferencias significativas entre

ambos grupos

p=0.66

Balanag VM, et al 2003

Page 28: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Manejo terapeutico en la emergencia

Asma AgudaManejo terapeutico en la emergencia

Asma Aguda

Buena respuesta

Observe por 1 hora

Si esta estable,

mande a casa

Evaluacion inicialHistoria,examen fisico, PEF or FEV1

Terapia inicialBroncodilatadores; O2 si lo necesita

Incompleta/Pobre respuesta

Añada esteroides sistemicos

Buena respuesta

Alta

Pobre respuesta

Admitir a Hospital

Fallo Respiratorio

Admitir UCI

Page 29: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

0

100

200

300

400

500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Peak

flow

(L/

min

)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Peak

flow

(L/

min

)

Days

Prednisolone 30 mg o.m. x 14 days

Prednisolone 30 mg o.m. x 14 days

COPD

ASTHMA

0

100

200

300

400

500

TRIAL OF STEROIDS

Page 30: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

CONCLUSIONES :CONCLUSIONES :

El ASMA es una enfermedad El ASMA es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica con altibajos que inflamatoria crónica con altibajos que pueden ser controlados en forma pueden ser controlados en forma SENCILLA Y EFICAZ..SENCILLA Y EFICAZ..

TODOS LOS PACIENTES CON ASMA TODOS LOS PACIENTES CON ASMA PUEDEN SER CONTROLADOS !!!!PUEDEN SER CONTROLADOS !!!!

Page 31: IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT RATHER THAN TREAT ACUTE EXACERBATIONS !! IDEALLY. I THINK IN THE FUTURE WE WOLD LIKE TO PREVENT.

Crisis asmática. IDM vs NebCrisis asmática. IDM vs Neb

Efficacy of albuterol administered by nebulizer versus spacer Efficacy of albuterol administered by nebulizer versus spacer device in children with acute asthma.J Pediatr. August 1993.device in children with acute asthma.J Pediatr. August 1993.

Metered- dose inhaler accesory devices in acute asthma. Metered- dose inhaler accesory devices in acute asthma. Efficay and comparison with nebulizers. A literature Efficay and comparison with nebulizers. A literature review.Arch Pediatrreview.Arch Pediatr

Adolesc Med.1997;151.876-882.Adolesc Med.1997;151.876-882. Comparison of albuterol delivered by metered dose inhales Comparison of albuterol delivered by metered dose inhales

with spacer vresus a nebulizer in children with mild acute with spacer vresus a nebulizer in children with mild acute asthma. J Pediatr. July 1999.asthma. J Pediatr. July 1999.

Asthma therapy with aerosols: Are nebulizers obsolete ?.A Asthma therapy with aerosols: Are nebulizers obsolete ?.A continuing controversy. Editorial J Pediatr.1999.135:5-8continuing controversy. Editorial J Pediatr.1999.135:5-8

Practice Parameter: The office management of acute Practice Parameter: The office management of acute

exacerbations of asthma in children. Pediatrics January 1994.exacerbations of asthma in children. Pediatrics January 1994.

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Asma: Tener en mente (truths)Asma: Tener en mente (truths)

1.1. Puede comenzar a cualquier edadPuede comenzar a cualquier edad2.2. La primera crisis puede llevar a un estado asmático con un La primera crisis puede llevar a un estado asmático con un

desenvolvimiento fataldesenvolvimiento fatal3.3. Mientras mas prolongada es la crisis, más peligrosa seráMientras mas prolongada es la crisis, más peligrosa será4.4. Una crisis fuerte se prolongará bastanteUna crisis fuerte se prolongará bastante5.5. No sedar al paciente a menos que se encuentre bajo No sedar al paciente a menos que se encuentre bajo

ventilación mecánicaventilación mecánica6.6. Una crisis bien establecida no cede espontáneamente sin Una crisis bien establecida no cede espontáneamente sin

intervención farmacológicaintervención farmacológica7.7. Los esteroides deben usarse a dosis altas hasta por 3 días Los esteroides deben usarse a dosis altas hasta por 3 días

con poco efecto secundariocon poco efecto secundarioReversible obstructive airway disease, Thomas L. Petty, MD and D. Boyd Bigelow MD. Tabla 11-1 pag. 174, intense and rehabilitative respiratory care 2nd. Edition. 1974

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Drugs for asthma or COPDDrugs for asthma or COPD

Drugs for asthmaDrugs for asthmaAnti-inflammatory drugsAnti-inflammatory drugs

CorticosteroidsCorticosteroidsAntileukotrienesAntileukotrienes

CromonesCromonesTheophylline (?)Theophylline (?)

BronchodilatorsBronchodilatorsß-agonistsß-agonists

AnticholinergicAnticholinergic

Anti IgEAnti IgE

Drugs for COPDDrugs for COPDBronchodilatorsBronchodilators

ß-agonistsß-agonistsAnticholinergicAnticholinergicTheophyllineTheophylline

Anti-inflammatory drugsAnti-inflammatory drugsCorticosteroids Corticosteroids

OxygenOxygenMucoactive drugsMucoactive drugs

AntibioticsAntibioticsVaccinationVaccination

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Similarities and differences in the Similarities and differences in the treatment of asthma and COPDtreatment of asthma and COPD

Effective management strategies in Effective management strategies in both diseases should reduce both diseases should reduce symptoms and exacerbations and symptoms and exacerbations and improve patient HRQL.improve patient HRQL.

Treatment of asthma is characterized Treatment of asthma is characterized by suppression of inflammation, by suppression of inflammation, while treatment of COPD is while treatment of COPD is characterized by relief of symptoms. characterized by relief of symptoms.

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Example Of Contents Of An Action Plan To Maintain Asthma Control

Your Regular Treatment: 1. Each day take ___________________________ 2. Before exercise, take _____________________

WHEN TO INCREASE TREATMENTAssess your level of Asthma ControlIn the past week have you had: Daytime asthma symptoms more than 2 times ? No Yes Activity or exercise limited by asthma? No Yes Waking at night because of asthma? No Yes The need to use your [rescue medication] more than 2 times? No Yes If you are monitoring peak flow, peak flow less than________? No YesIf you answered YES to three or more of these questions, your asthma is uncontrolled and you may need to step up your treatment.

HOW TO INCREASE TREATMENTSTEP-UP your treatment as follows and assess improvement every day:____________________________________________ [Write in next treatment step here] Maintain this treatment for _____________ days [specify number]

WHEN TO CALL THE DOCTOR/CLINIC.Call your doctor/clinic: _______________ [provide phone numbers]If you don’t respond in _________ days [specify number]______________________________ [optional lines for additional instruction]

EMERGENCY/SEVERE LOSS OF CONTROLIf you have severe shortness of breath, and can only speak in short sentences,If you are having a severe attack of asthma and are frightened,If you need your reliever medication more than every 4 hours and are not improving.1. Take 2 to 4 puffs ___________ [reliever medication] 2. Take ____mg of ____________ [oral glucocorticosteroid]3. Seek medical help: Go to _____________________; Address___________________ Phone: _______________________4. Continue to use your _________[reliever medication] until you are able to get medical help.

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Current view of asthma in 2009

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Take home messageTake home message

The use of combination therapy with The use of combination therapy with LABAs and ICSs has been shown to be LABAs and ICSs has been shown to be effective in both asthma and COPD, effective in both asthma and COPD, perhaps suggesting that there are perhaps suggesting that there are

some similar pathophysiologic some similar pathophysiologic characteristics in these two diseases. characteristics in these two diseases.


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