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Warm-Up Punctuation and Capitalization

Words to Know

Write the letter of the definition next to the matching word as you work through the lesson. You may use the glossary to help you.

Lesson Goals

WK2

Lesson Question

?

Understand the

for punctuationand capitalization.

Edit punctuationand capitalizationerrors.

Identify common

in punctuationand capitalization.

Practice using

punctuationand capitalization.

edit A. a group formed to serve a particular purpose

B. something that has been left out

C. to correct errors before publication

D. on the side,not essential for understanding

E. a word formed from the first letters of a group of words

parenthetical

omission

acronym

organization

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Warm-Up Punctuation and Capitalization

Punctuation and Capitalization Matter

By using punctuation and capitalization, we create clear

sentences.

sentence: sentence:

• I’d like to thank my parents, the president of the United States and Pippi Longstocking.

• Don’t give up hope!

• I’d like to thank my parents, the president of the United States, and Pippi Longstocking.

• Don’t give up, Hope!

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

Punctuation

Punctuation is the way we use certain marks, or symbols, to parts of sentences.

Commas in a Series

Use a to separate a list of or more things in

a sentence.

My favorite activities are hiking

biking and soccer.

My favorite activities are hiking andbiking and soccer.

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4

• Period

• mark

• Exclamation mark

•

• Dash

• Quotation mark

• Ellipsis

• Parenthesis

• Bracket

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

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Parenthetical Statements

Writers use commas, dashes, or parentheses to set off

information, or extra information that is not necessary to the sentence.

commas We visited Portland, which is a great city, last May.

We visited Portland – which is a great city – last May.

parentheses We visited Portland which is a great city last May.

8 Dashes and Ellipses

Ending a sentence with a dash or an ellipsis indicates an thought.

: :

“Excuse me, may I ask – ”

“Please talk to her if you need help.”

Is it ever okay to lie? Sometimes I wonder . . .

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

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12

Punctuation and Quotations

• Place quotation marks at the and end of the quotation.

• Example: “I’m very glad to meet you,” said Rose.

• Periods and other ending punctuation marks go the closing

quotation mark when the quotation ends the sentence.

• Example: “I’m very glad to meet you.”

• points and question marks go inside the quotation mark

when they are of the quotation.

• Example: “Will you be home later

• Example: What is the meaning of the phrase “let sleeping

dogs lie

Leaving Out or Adding Ideas

An omission is something that is . An addition is something

that is .

: :

According to Dr. Sheridan, “Getting a shot in February . . . is better than not getting one at all.”

According to Dr. Sheridan, “Getting a [flu] shot in February instead of earlier in winter is better than not getting one at all.”

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

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Basic Capitalization Rules

• Capitalize the word of a sentence.

• Example: Parks are important to a community.

• Capitalize nouns.

• Example: A visit to Central Park in New York is a great experience.

• Capitalize the first word in the and closing of a letter.

• Example: Dear Sandy,

• Example: Yours truly,

Names of Organizations

all important words in the name of an organization.

capitalized: capitalized:

• Texas Board of Nursing

• National Park Service

• House of Representatives

• Student Government Association

• Texas Board Of Nursing

• National Park service

• House Of representatives

• Student government Association

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

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18

Abbreviations and Names of Organizations

Many organizations are known by an or an initialism.

: :

• NASA – National Aeronautics and Space Administration

• NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization

• FBI – Federal Bureau of Investigation

• CPS – Chicago Public Schools

Abbreviations and Names of People

Capitalize each letter and add a after each letter.

: :

• H.G. Wells

• P.D. James

• H.G Wells

• PD James

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

Capitalization and Titles

• You capitalize a person’s title when it appears before the person’s name or

when it is used to the person.

• When a title is used a person’s name, the title is

capitalized because it’s being used in place of the person’s name.

• But when a title is used to refer in a vague or a way to

someone, we do capitalize the title.

Capitalize Capitalize Do not capitalize

• Dr. Suvari

• Mayor Davidson

• Excuse me, Doctor, may I have a word with you?

• Thank you, Mayor, but what is your response?

• The doctor told me to get some rest.

• The mayor visited our school today.

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

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23

Abbreviating Titles and Other Words

Capitalize the letter and add a to shortened titles and words.

The Writing Process

: :

• Suvari

• Mr. Jones

• Rep. Andrews

• Inc.

• Shawn Jr.

• Main

• Dr Suvari

• mr. Jones

• rep Andrews

• Inc

• Shawn jr

• Main st

Revise/editPrewrite

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Punctuation and CapitalizationInstruction

The Importance of Editing

Not edited: Edited:

Our scool needs new computers. The ones we have are old broken and slow. When you type the keys don’t work, the screen flickers and the computer buzzes. Across town york middle school won new computers in a Writing contest. We can do that to!

• Our needs new

computers. The ones we have are

old broken and

slow. When you type the

keys don’t work, the screen flickers

and the computer buzzes.

Across town, Middle

School won new computers in a

contest. We can do

that too!

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Summary Punctuation and Capitalization

? Lesson Question

How can correct punctuation and capitalization help to clarify your writing?

Answer

Review: Reviewing Punctuation and Capitalization

Punctuation marks: Capitalization:

• sentences into

meaningful parts.

• express and

additions.

• convey trailing thoughts,

, and

parenthetical statements.

• indicate quotations accurately.

• clarifies writing.

• signals of

organizations and titles.

• indicates .

2

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Summary Punctuation and Capitalization

Use this space to write any questions or thoughts about this lesson.