Road Monitoring and Traffic Control System Design

Yan Niu Computer School

Hubei University of Technology WuHan, China

ny@mail.hbut.edu.cn

Yinjiang Zhang Computer School

Hubei University of Technology WuHan, China

zyj@mail.hbut.edu.cn

Lala Li Computer School

Hubei University of Technology WuHan, China

shyboboran@163.com

Abstract—This paper presents the key points of implementing a road monitoring and traffic control system which in traffic monitoring command system. Road monitoring and traffic control system can be divided into road traffic surveillance and traffic control sub-system. It can direct impact on the efficiency of traffic monitoring command system. The high cost-effective of the road monitoring and traffic control system which discussed by this article, and have a wide application prospect.

Keywords- traffic monitoring command system; road monitoring; traffic control.

I. INTRODUCTION At present, around the world the Large and medium

city’s traffic pack, congestion and traffic accidents increasing has become a thorny problem of urban management. Urban transport has begun as a systematic study subject from the 1950s.

Along with the development of information technology, urban traffic control to the information and intelligent direction developing since 1980s. Developed countries have the intelligent traffic control systems, and incorporate the urban traffic control systems into intelligent transport systems, to become the important sub-system of advanced traffic management system in the 1990s. Countries in the world to solve urban traffic problems main use of advanced traffic control methods. By 2000, the world's more than 480 cities have adopted an advanced traffic signal control system, which is to adopt computer (junctions` computer, regional host computer and control center computer) network control, according to real-time traffic flow of intersection, through the development traffic models and software to determine traffic lights time distribution of intersection to realize timing optimize of the entire transport network.

As a result of the transport system have strong non-linearity, ambiguity and uncertainty, which are typical distributed systems, but also have the characteristics of more information sources and multi-sensor; using traditional methods of theory is very difficult to carry out the effective control. Combining with the advanced intelligent control technology, information fusion technology, traffic forecasts technology and traffic management technology to conduct spots and lines coordination control, represents the development direction of urban traffic signal control system.

Currently China's major cities mostly make use of foreign Urban Traffic Signal Control System (UTC). These systems run situation in domestic cities is not satisfactory, so

strengthen to promote the traffic control theory and technology study have the reality meaning and application value for improve the overall performance of China’s urban roads traffic system and relief traffic congestion.

In order to hold the information of traffic violations, traffic accidents and road police risks accurately and quickly, improving the response speed and response capabilities of the scene incident, achieve scientific decision-making, correct command and the maximum protection of people's lives and property safety that need to set up a traffic monitoring command system(Fig. 1).

Figure 1. Traffic police monitoring command system schematic

Such system set the computer technology, control technology, communication technology, video processing technology, GIS geographic information system [1], GPS global satellite positioning systems, video conferencing systems, IP phone and video phone systems, the scene image capture system, road surveillance and traffic control systems as well as access alarm system in one. Which is can achieve the purpose of interconnection with motor vehicle and driver integrated management systems [2-3] as well as public security information systems. “Surface surveillance system” and “Traffic control system” are 2 important sub systems in a traffic monitoring command system. They can protect the entire traffic monitoring command system working effective. This article is discussing the demand, function and the

978-1-4244-4994-1/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE

specific design implementation of a typical road surface surveillance and traffic control system.

II. TRAFFIC MONITORING COMMAND SYSTEM

A. The meaning of traffic control Traffic Monitoring is the basis of transport facilities,

which will be integrate the advanced information technology, communications technology, control technology and sensor fusion technology in order to achieve the monitoring and control for road traffic. When a traffic incident occurs that can judge and react quickly. Such as a road junctions or sections to occur traffic congestion, timely adjust the traffic signal control program of relevant region to dissipate congestion as soon as possible. When a traffic accident occurs that can notify the relevant personnel to deal with in first time, to reduce losses and the impact of road traffic to the minimum.

B. Traffic monitoring system of command Traffic monitoring system has front-end equipment,

transmission equipment and monitoring center three major components. The traffic information collection equipment in Front-end devices, which is the entrance of the entire system, its collect information through the transmission equipment was transported to the monitor center, and goes through analysis convert to control instructions, to achieve control and quickly respond for traffic events, such as Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the traffic monitoring system as shown.

Figure 2. Traffic monitoring system Schematic

In traffic monitoring command system, surface surveillance and traffic control system is an important component of protect the entire traffic monitoring command system have the effective functioning. This article discussing the demand, function and the specific design implementation of a typical road surface surveillance and traffic control system.

III. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND FUNCTIONAL DESIGN The main task of road monitoring and traffic control

system is to achieve including of: support the traffic police corps to monitoring traffic conditions of every main traffic junctions and road as well as to display of the signal lights state of every main junctions and road of the whole province’s Prefecture-level cities/ province’s Municipalities cities; support Detachments / Territory Teams to monitoring the main traffic junctions and road of city and control the traffic signal such as point control, wire control, regional

control and establishment the Green Belt, etc. Support Detachments / Territory Teams to detect the illegal situation of cities main traffic junctions and road, as well as according to different time to statistic information as vehicle speed, traffic flow, and traffic flow rate also and road share.

The whole system should have the following functions: • TV wall display and rear projection large-screen

display; • Color screen partition function; • Video automatic circuit switching and manual

switch; • Road surveillance and control database maintenance

functions; • Monitoring control room manages traffic

information dissemination; • Traffic streaming video detection functions; • Road traffic surveillance control and management; • Road traffic signal detection control management; • E-police automatic capture violations vehicles of red

light running at the junction; • Video long-time video; • Statistics, query, print management; • Combined with the GIS systems to display the

electronic map in large-screen projector, while record and display the traffic flow of every major road junctions and road also including parameters of vehicle speed;

• Real-time display the signal state of each junction, and to provide time distribution of signal lights;

• Realize the camera control, PTZ, camera control and video switching;

• Provide system management, security precautions. Management the operator’s level, permissions and record user logs, etc.

To accomplish these functions, the information of all junctions all need to pass through the Optical to traffic police detachment Center, but the various control command of command center should be spread to a variety devices of junction. This information is mainly [4]:

• Video signal of surveillance camera; • Control signals of control camera; • Data signal of the networking signal; • Data signals of E-police network; • Data signals of video detection systems network.

IV. SYSTEM COMPONENTS Road monitoring and traffic control system can be

divided into road traffic surveillance and traffic control sub-system, as showing as Fig. 3.

Figure 3. Road monitoring and traffic control system schematic

A. Road traffic monitoring sub-system Road traffic monitoring subsystem is composed by the

host control equipments display equipments transmission equipments and font-end equipments. Junction’s images intake by camera and return to the control room through the Video / data multiplexed Optical, sent to the TV Wall by Video distributor to display. At the same time, sent the signal to matrix switch machine, control the host sent the specific video images to monitor to display. The operator can remotely control the Platform to level and pitching rotation, adjust the lens focal length as well as to control the wiper shield movement by control keyboard; moreover, operators can programming so that equipments according to the procedures to work.

B. Road traffic control sub-system Road traffic control system composed by the intelligent

multi-phase traffic signal control machine, intelligent traffic signal control host, signal lights, junction’s traffic flow detector and electronic polices [5]. Some equipment as signal lights, multi-phase traffic signal control machine, traffic flow detector and E-polices all installed on city’s main road junctions, such equipment’s responsible is responsible for all types of traffic information and through the Multiplexing channel technology go through the Optical sent to the control traffic signals host. Traffic signal host in support of traffic control software to deal with the acquisition signals(such as signal lights status, traffic flow and vehicle speed) and based on signal control algorithm or human intervention to produce instructions which were sent to the traffic signal control machine to realize the road traffic control. E-police take the captured red light running photos spread to the E-police Processing host to do the automatic recognition of vehicle license, as well as sent the relevant information to the traffic violation processing system.

V. SIGNAL CONTROL STRATEGIES AND ROAD SURFACE IMAGE TRANSMISSION

A. Signal control strategies As the city’s junction traffic flow with the significant

characteristics of time, pointing to the different traffic flow state and adopting the different control strategies is essentially. That is the system will in line with the traffic flow size split the traffic flow into discrete flow, small flow, flow and large traffic flow four kinds of types, side by side point to the different flow type to adopt the different control methods. Discrete flow have big stochastic, so should adopt the sensor control of single point adaptive; flow fit the coordinated control of multi-junction such as Green Belt control and the optimization of between 2-3 junctions; the large flow is easy to lead major traffic congestion, so it should use the crossroads group control.

Furthermore, density, traffic expansion and saturation flow rate of non-motor vehicle traffic with characteristics of share space when turn left bike must also be taken into account.

B. Road surface image transmission Crops have three ways to acquire the front of the image:

crops monitoring management computer through issue the control command directly to call the front-end images; crops managers by the telephone to inform the detachment monitoring managers artificial switch images to Corps; Corps through the voice and image transmission system of video conferencing system also can notify the detachment monitoring managers artificial switch images to Corps. However, image transmission networks of video conferencing can not take a number of detachments images transfer to the corps simultaneously, only allowing one detachment’s image transmitted to the Corps at the same time.

Crops computer through TCP / IP protocol, by the DDN to issue command of call the image to detachment and take the front of camera image call in corps’s Video matrix input; then pass the RS232 to issue the switch command to corps’s Video matrix, switch the front image which has been transferred in corps’s matrix input to the corps’s TV Wall and projected onto the screen, to completion of the call, switch and display of front image to corps’s projection screen / TV wall.[8]

VI. JUNCTIONS EQUIPMENT AND E-POLICE Figure 4 is a layout schematic of junction device. The E-

police is monitoring the one-way traffic lane. It will snapshoot the car which has run through the red light.

Figure 4. Junction device layout schematic

Circular coil buried under the road surface and connected with the vehicle monitoring. When a vehicle through the circular coil, it will incite changes of Magnetic path inductor, which has been adopted the number of vehicles, average speed, distance headway, lane share rate of each lane, also can to distinguish the types of vehicles, such as: large, medium and small cars, to achieve real-time monitoring of vehicles.

Signal controller can be based on different traffic conditions to adjust the control program, also can constitute the multi-phase traffic control to adapt to the various traffic conditions [6].

E-police consists of four parts: vehicle detectors, flash, camera controller and digital camera. Using ground-based induction coil detection methods, stable and reliable, making the low mistakenly shot rate. With digital cameras, camera shutter priority and automatic flash compensation so that to camera the number plate of mobile vehicle more clearly at night.

Controls of each junction were under the control of junction sit control equipment to achieve scattered automatic

control. After the junction’s IPC [7]summary all junction’s traffic information (including red light running camera picture, etc.) then go through fiber upload to the detachment/ Municipalities crops that will input Province traffic Information Network after summary and arrange information.

VII. CONCLUSION Whether road surveillance and traffic control system

design is reasonable, perfect that can direct impact on the efficiency of traffic monitoring command system. The high cost-effective of the road monitoring and traffic control system which are discussed by this article, and have a wide application prospect.

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