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(If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK – Due Wednesday 5/6

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(If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK – Due Wednesday 5/6. Thoroughly explain your answers to the following questions based on today’s notes and Ch26.S1. Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign relations? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Do-Now Do-Now Please quickly copy down the following questions, leaving room for your responses. You will answer these with the information from the lesson and Ch26.1 at the end of class. Why 1945 was a critical Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign year in U.S. foreign relations? relations? What are some of the What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. postwar goals of the U.S. and the Soviet Union? How and the Soviet Union? How do they contrast? do they contrast? How did the “iron curtain” How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold over tighten Soviet hold over Eastern Europe? Eastern Europe? How did the Truman How did the Truman Doctrine complement the Doctrine complement the Tuesday, May 5 Tuesday, May 5 th th Agenda Agenda Do now & HW check Do now & HW check Notes & review: Notes & review: Origins of the Origins of the Cold War Cold War Homework Homework Explain your responses to Explain your responses to the 4 questions provided the 4 questions provided in the do-now if you in the do-now if you don’t complete them in don’t complete them in class. class. VOCABULARY QUIZ TOMORROW VOCABULARY QUIZ TOMORROW (on packet pg1) (on packet pg1)
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Page 1: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Do-Now Do-Now Please quickly copy down the

following questions, leaving room for your responses.

You will answer these with the information from the lesson and Ch26.1 at the end of class.

Why 1945 was a critical year in Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign relations?U.S. foreign relations?

What are some of the postwar What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. and the goals of the U.S. and the Soviet Union? How do they Soviet Union? How do they contrast?contrast?

How did the “iron curtain” How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold over tighten Soviet hold over Eastern Europe?Eastern Europe?

How did the Truman Doctrine How did the Truman Doctrine complement the policy of complement the policy of containment?containment?

Tuesday, May 5Tuesday, May 5thth

AgendaAgendaDo now & HW checkDo now & HW checkNotes & review:Notes & review: Origins of the Cold WarOrigins of the Cold War

HomeworkHomeworkExplain your responses to the Explain your responses to the 4 questions provided in the 4 questions provided in the do-now if you don’t complete do-now if you don’t complete them in class.them in class.

VOCABULARY QUIZ VOCABULARY QUIZ TOMORROW (on packet pg1)TOMORROW (on packet pg1)

Page 2: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

(If you don’t finish in class today)(If you don’t finish in class today)

HOMEWORK – HOMEWORK – Due Wednesday 5/6Due Wednesday 5/6Thoroughly explain your answers to the following Thoroughly explain your answers to the following

questions based on today’s notes and Ch26.S1. questions based on today’s notes and Ch26.S1.

Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign relations?relations?

What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. and the Soviet Union? How do they contrast?and the Soviet Union? How do they contrast?

How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold over How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold over Eastern Europe?Eastern Europe?

How did the Truman Doctrine complement the How did the Truman Doctrine complement the policy of containment?policy of containment?

Page 3: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

The Origins of The Origins of the Cold Warthe Cold War

Chapter 26Chapter 26

Page 4: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 5: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Historically, what caused tensions Historically, what caused tensions between the Soviet Union and its Allies?between the Soviet Union and its Allies?

Bolshevik revolution (1917)Bolshevik revolution (1917)

Stalin and Hitler’s Stalin and Hitler’s non-aggression pactnon-aggression pact

Delayed Allied invasion Delayed Allied invasion of Western Europeof Western Europe

Disagreements on issues at the Yalta ConferenceDisagreements on issues at the Yalta Conference

Page 6: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

The primary issues discussed The primary issues discussed at the Yalta Conferenceat the Yalta Conference

Establishment of an Establishment of an international peacekeeping international peacekeeping organizationorganization

Division of Germany Division of Germany between allied powersbetween allied powers

Soviets declaring war on Soviets declaring war on JapanJapan

Fate of PolandFate of Poland• elections or existing elections or existing

government?government?

Page 7: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 8: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Who needs the U.N.?Who needs the U.N.?

To settle differences peacefully & diplomaticallyTo settle differences peacefully & diplomatically

To promote justice & cooperation in solving To promote justice & cooperation in solving international problemsinternational problems

No one wanted a third world war!No one wanted a third world war!

Page 9: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

How was the U.N. set up? How was the U.N. set up?

General Assembly General Assembly • all member nationsall member nations

Security CouncilSecurity Council• Representatives from 11 countriesRepresentatives from 11 countries• US, Soviets, British, French, Chinese US, Soviets, British, French, Chinese • Permanent seats and veto powerPermanent seats and veto power

Page 10: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 11: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Truman Takes Over Truman Takes Over A new era of US – Soviet relations begins when FDR suddenly passes away… “few presidents had been less prepared to become President”

Little experience with Little experience with international affairsinternational affairs

Less willing to compromise with Less willing to compromise with the Sovietsthe Soviets

Scolds & angers Soviet leadersScolds & angers Soviet leaders

… … does this sound familiar?does this sound familiar?

Page 12: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

What 2 issues continued to be What 2 issues continued to be debated at the Potsdam Conference?debated at the Potsdam Conference?

What becomes of GermanyWhat becomes of Germany• Stalin wanted war payments ($20 billion)Stalin wanted war payments ($20 billion)

Poland’s Poland’s governmentgovernment• Truman wanted Truman wanted

electionselections

Clement Attlee (GB), Harry S. Truman, and Joseph Stalin

Guess what word got out at this conference?

Page 13: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

http://http://www.youtube.com/watch?vwww.youtube.com/watch?v=x9lwvImJqT0=x9lwvImJqT0

Page 14: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

How did the U.S. and the Soviet Union How did the U.S. and the Soviet Union differ in their postwar goals?differ in their postwar goals?

United StatesUnited States Soviet UnionSoviet Union Fought to bring democracyFought to bring democracy Brought economic Brought economic opportunityopportunity Economically strong & Economically strong & politically open worldpolitically open world

Wanted to rebuild in ways Wanted to rebuild in ways that would protect its own that would protect its own interestsinterests Satellite nationsSatellite nations Spread of communismSpread of communism Refuse to cooperate with Refuse to cooperate with World Bank & International World Bank & International Monetary FundMonetary Fund Supported Communist Supported Communist revolutionistsrevolutionists

Page 15: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 16: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

How did the Soviets tighten control How did the Soviets tighten control over Eastern Europe?over Eastern Europe?

February 1946 – Stalin predicts ultimate Communist February 1946 – Stalin predicts ultimate Communist takeover, calls on Communist party to spread their takeover, calls on Communist party to spread their system by any meanssystem by any means• Est. Est. CominformCominform – an agency to coordinate activities of – an agency to coordinate activities of

Communist parties around the worldCommunist parties around the world

Just some examples of Soviet-sponsored takeovers:Just some examples of Soviet-sponsored takeovers:• Albania & BulgariaAlbania & Bulgaria• CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia• Hungary & RomaniaHungary & Romania• East GermanyEast Germany• Finland & YugoslaviaFinland & Yugoslavia

Page 17: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 18: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

What did Winston What did Winston Churchill mean Churchill mean

by the “iron curtain?”by the “iron curtain?”

““Iron curtain”Iron curtain”• Derived from a 1946 Derived from a 1946

speechspeech• A division between A division between

Western Europe (free) Western Europe (free) and the Communist and the Communist nations of Eastern Europenations of Eastern Europe

Behind that Iron Curtain :Behind that Iron Curtain :“… certainly not the “… certainly not the Liberated Europe we fought Liberated Europe we fought to build up. Nor is it one to build up. Nor is it one which contains the which contains the essentials of permanent essentials of permanent peace.”peace.”

Page 19: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Differing views in the Cold WarDiffering views in the Cold War

The US hoped to see these goals they had fought The US hoped to see these goals they had fought for in WWII achieved in the postwar worldfor in WWII achieved in the postwar world• Americans had fought to bring democracy and economic Americans had fought to bring democracy and economic

opportunity to the conquered nations of Europe & Asia. opportunity to the conquered nations of Europe & Asia.

The Soviets were determined to rebuild in ways The Soviets were determined to rebuild in ways that would protect their self-interestthat would protect their self-interest• by establishing satellite nations to act as buffer zonesby establishing satellite nations to act as buffer zones

Soviets also hoped to see Communism spreadSoviets also hoped to see Communism spread• Refused to work with World Bank, Int. Monetary FundRefused to work with World Bank, Int. Monetary Fund• Supported or installed totalitarian Communist Gov’t in Supported or installed totalitarian Communist Gov’t in

Eastern EuropeEastern Europe

Page 20: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 21: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Origins of the Cold WarOrigins of the Cold WarConflicting ViewsConflicting Views

American Policy Led to the Cold War…American Policy Led to the Cold War…

“By overextending policy and power and refusing to accept Soviet interests, American policy-makers contributed to the Cold War… There is evidence that Soviet policies were reasonably cautious and conservative, and that there was at least a basis for accommodation. But… as American demands for democratic governments in Eastern Europe became more vigorous, as the new Administration delayed in providing economic assistance to Russia and in seeking international control of atomic energy, policy-makers met with increasing Soviet suspicion and antagonism. Concluding that Soviet-American cooperation was impossible, they came to believe that the Soviet state could be halted only by force or the threat of force.”

Page 22: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Origins of the Cold WarOrigins of the Cold WarConflicting ViewsConflicting Views

Stalin’s Actions Led to the Cold War…Stalin’s Actions Led to the Cold War…“Would there have been a Cold War without Stalin?

Perhaps. Nobody in history is indispensable. But Stalin had certain characteristics that set him off from others in authority… he alone pursued personal security by depriving everyone else of it: no Western leader relied on terror to the extent that he did. He alone transformed his country into an extension of himself: no Western leader could have succeeded at such a feat, and none attempted it. He alone saw war and revolution as acceptable means with which to pursue ultimate ends: no Western leader associated violence with progress to the extent that he did. Did Stalin therefore seek a Cold War? The question is a little like asking: ‘Does a fish seek water?’”

Page 23: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

US Policy Changes…US Policy Changes…

Soviets had “no real faith in the possibility of Soviets had “no real faith in the possibility of permanently happy coexistence of the Socialist permanently happy coexistence of the Socialist and capitalist worlds” and that they also believed and capitalist worlds” and that they also believed in the inevitable triumph of communism. Further, in the inevitable triumph of communism. Further, that the S.U. “cannot be easily defeated or that the S.U. “cannot be easily defeated or discouraged by a single victory on the part of its discouraged by a single victory on the part of its opponents… but only by intelligent long-range opponents… but only by intelligent long-range policies.” policies.”

““The U.S. policy toward the S.U. must be that of a The U.S. policy toward the S.U. must be that of a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.”containment of Russian expansive tendencies.”

Page 24: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

What policy did the US embrace What policy did the US embrace after WWII?after WWII?

Resulting from an increasing number of Resulting from an increasing number of Communist governments in Eastern Communist governments in Eastern EuropeEurope

A new U.S. foreign policy: A new U.S. foreign policy: CONTAINMENTCONTAINMENT• Purpose: resist Soviet attempts to spread Purpose: resist Soviet attempts to spread

communismcommunism• Person: George KennanPerson: George Kennan• Critics: some said it was too moderate or Critics: some said it was too moderate or

conservative – wanted to push Communism out conservative – wanted to push Communism out of Eastern Europe, Russia & anywhere elseof Eastern Europe, Russia & anywhere else

Page 25: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

What is the Truman Doctrine? What is the Truman Doctrine? It called on the US to take a leadership role in the It called on the US to take a leadership role in the

world world • E.g. to economically E.g. to economically

support nations support nations threatened by threatened by communismcommunism

Truman established Truman established this policy when this policy when Greece and Turkey Greece and Turkey come under come under Communist threatCommunist threat

Page 874Page 874

Page 26: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6
Page 27: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. Why 1945 was a critical year in U.S. foreign relations?foreign relations?

Page 28: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. What are some of the postwar goals of the U.S. and the Soviet Union? How do they contrast?and the Soviet Union? How do they contrast?

Page 29: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold How did the “iron curtain” tighten Soviet hold over Eastern Europe?over Eastern Europe?

Page 30: (If you don’t finish in class today) HOMEWORK –  Due Wednesday 5/6

How did the Truman Doctrine complement the How did the Truman Doctrine complement the policy of containment?policy of containment?


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