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Igniting Understanding through Reading Comprehension Strategies Instructions
DO NOW:Please take a sheet and complete the first two
columns of the K-W-L chart
If you would like this PowerPoint now, please email me and I will forward it to you before we begin.
POP QUIZ
Igniting Understanding through Reading Comprehension Strategies Instructions
Skimming Scanning Asking Questions Clarifying Vocabulary Visualising Making Inferences/
Inferring
Making Connections Determining Important
Ideas Synthesising Repairing Comprehension
What is reading comprehension?
MOVING FROM DECODING TO
COMPREHENDING
Simple View of ReadingReading
Comprehension
=
Decoding
+
Language Comprehension
(aural)What are reading disabilities?
But proficient reading comprehension is a “complex process involving knowledge, experience, thinking, and teaching”
(Durkin, 1994, cited in Harvey & Goudvis, 2007, p. 14)
AlverroWhen a baby giraffe is born it is already six feet tall.
DYSLEXIA
MIXED RD SPECIFIC COMPREHENSION DEFICIT
PROFICIENT READER
How do reading disabilities develop?
Types of Reading Disability
Spe
ar-S
wer
ling
, L.,
& S
tern
berg
, R. L
. (19
96).
Roa
ds to
rea
ding
dis
abil
ity.
In
Off
trac
k: W
hen
poor
rea
ders
bec
ome
"lea
rnin
g di
sabl
ed"
(pp.
113
-152
). B
ould
er,
CO
: Wes
tvie
w P
ress
.
Roads to reading disability(Spear-Swerling & Sternberg, 1996)
Reading is not just ACTIVE but
INTERACTIVE
Reading is “an act of composition”“stimulate their own thinking”“Readers construct and maintain understanding by merging their thinking with the text. “ongoing inner conversation with the author… a dialogue of sorts”
(Harvey & Goudvis, 2007, p.21)
A book “…is a printed circuit for your own life to flow through”.
“You’re imagining the words, the sounds of the words, and you are thinking of the various characters in terms of people you’ve known – not in terms of the writer’s experience, but your own”.
(E. L. Doctorow, in Plimpton, 1998, cited in Harvey & Goudvis, 2007, p. 13)
Am I not already teaching reading comprehension?
AIMS of teaching reading comprehension strategies
Common problem with RC “instruction” in schools
Assessing vs. Teaching
To get readers to:• think when they
read• develop an
awareness of their thinking
• use actively the knowledge they glean
“Comprehension strategies are a means to an end, not an end in themselves. Teaching strategies for strategies sake is simply not the point.”
(Harvey & Goudvis, 2007, p. 14, emphasis added)c
What are reading comprehension strategies?
Pearson, Dole, Duffy & Roehler (1992):
Searching for Connections (e.g. using schema - Dr Moira Sweetnam Evans)
Asking Questions
Drawing Inferences
Determining Important Ideas
Synthesising
Monitoring & Repairing Comprehension
Presley (1976) & Keene & Zimmerman (1997) added:
Sensory imaging/ VisualisingOther important skills:
Skimming
Scanning
Clarifying Vocabulary
A repertoire of strategies that “active, thoughtful readers use when constructing meaning from text” (Harvey & Goudvis, 2007, p. 17).
Reading Comprehension Strategies
How should I teach RCS?
Metacognitive Approach:
teaching students to be conscious of
their inner conversation
BEST PRACTICE Gradual Release of
Responsibility1. Introduce the
strategies explicitly
2. Model their use
3. Guide students to use the strategies
4. Allow students to use them on their own and provide opportunities to practice! (repeated reading)
Activities to help students become aware of reading strategies
STRATEGIES
Skimming
Scanning
Asking Questions
Clarifying Vocabulary
Visualising
Making Inferences/ Inferring
Making Connections
Determining Important Ideas
Synthesising
Repairing Comprehension
LEARNING ACTIVITIES Memory party game Quick-fire quiz (beep) Sticky-notes Dictionary races Drawing pictures Matching meanings or single-
statement competitions
T-S T-T T-W Y-chart Acetate sheets (OHTs) & w/b
pens
Character-limit summaries(420characters.net)
Repeated reading
Inference
• The woman swore as the piece of lego punctured her heel.
• He slammed his fist on the table.
• Her face flushed red and she hurriedly looked away.
• He tiptoed down the passage stifling the need to laugh.
Final thoughts
• Repeated reading• School Journals• Don’t shy away from challenging your students and use real texts
(e.g. http://canterbury.cyberplace.org.nz/peace/nukenviro.html#tests ; Reading of nuclear testing article)
• Literacy@Freyberg
• What can you do in your class in the next term/month?
RESOURCES
Strategies that Work: Teaching Comprehension for Understanding and Engagement – Harvey & Goudvis, 2007. (book)
Teaching Reading Comprehension – Alison Davis
(book)
CSI: Comprehension Strategies Instruction (box)
