IID QUIZ
Mechanism
A Ag:Ab complexes complement activationleukocyte recruitmentrelease of enzymes & other toxic molecules
B IgG, IgM antigen bindingphagocytosis/lysis of target cell by complement or Fc receptors, leukocyte recruitment
C Activated T cellsrelease of cytokinesinflammation and macrophage ativation; T cell-mediated cytotoxicity
D IgEmast cell release of ediatorsrecruitment of inflammatory cells
Example
E Contact dermatitis, Multiple sclerosis, Rheumatoid arthritis
F SLE
G Anaphylaxis, allergies, bronchial asthma
H Transfusion reactions, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, goodpasture syndrome
Type
Type I (immediate) hypersensitivity
Type II (antibody-mediated) hypersensitivity
Type III (immune complex-mediated) hypersensitivity
Type IV (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity
What condition am I?
• Affects 10-25% of population• Mean onset 9.1 years age• Symptoms include:– Inflammation:
• Itch, sneeze, rhinorrhoea, conjuctivitis, post-nasal drip– Obstruction
• Congestion, dry lips/mouth, sleep disturbance, sinusitis, apnoea
• IgE mediated inflammation of the nose
• Allergic Rhinitis
What condition am I?• Reaction begins within seconds or minutes of exposure• Clinical features:
– Circulatory: Low blood pressure, low pulse pressure, compensatory tachycardia
– Skin (within minutes): pruritis, erythea, urticaria– Respiratory: Increased RR, Bronchoconstriction, laryngeal
oedema/obstruction• Can be caused by food, drugs, insects and more• Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen
– Death may result from hypoxaemia or shock
• Anaphylaxis
Term
1 Bulla
2 Vesicle
3 Excoriation
4 Macule
5 Nodule
6 Onycholysis
7 Papule
8 Plaque
9 Pustule
10 Scale
11 Ulceration
12 Erosion
Match the dermatological term and its definition
Definition
A Raised spherical lesion > 5mm
B Discrete, pus-filled, raised lesion
C Fluid-filled lesion <5mm
D Focal, incomplete loss of epidermis
E Raised flat-topped lesion >5mm
F Flat lesion <5mm
G Loss of nail substance
H Focal, complete loss of epidermis +/- dermis and subcutaneous fat
I Dry, horny, plate-like lesion
J Raised spherical/flat-topped lesion <5mm
K Deep scratch; a traumatic lesion resulting in epidermal breakage
L Fluid-filled lesion >5mm
Name the acute inflammatory dermatosis
Acute Eczematous Dermatitis (Eczema)
Name the acute inflammatory dermatosis
Erythema Multiforme
Name the acute inflammatory dermatosis
Urticaria (Hives)
Name the chronic inflammatory dermatosis
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Name the chronic inflammatory dermatosis
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Name the chronic inflammatory dermatosis
Psoriasis – now name the 4 forms of psoriasis
1. Psoriasis vulgaris – eruptive (acute), chronic plaque and inverse forms
- peak incidence at 22 years2. Pustular psoriasis – pustules on normal or
inflamed skin3. Psoriatic arthritis – psoriasis of skin/nails with
arthropaty4. Erythrodermic psoriasis – involves nearly entire
skin with constitutional symptoms
Classify burns by depth• Superficial (1st degree)
– Epidermis• Erythema, oedema, tenderness on palpation
• Superficial partial thickness (2nd degree)– Some dermis
• Erythema, moist, blistering, tenderness on palpation– Pigment changes when healed
• Deep partial thickness (2nd degree)– Full dermis
• Painless, pale, dry, non-blanching– Severe scarring, grafting needed
• Full thickness (3rd degree)– Subcutaneous tissue
• Painless, dead appearance, pale/leathery, thrombosed blood vessels
• Subdermal (4th degree)– Underlying muscle
• Charred appearance, dry, brown, painless
– Full thickness and subderma have severe risk of contracture, require grafting
What is parkland formula?• mL crysalloid in 24 hr = 4 x weight (kg) x % TBSA burned
How is it given? What type of fluid??
• Half in first 8 hrs, half over following 16 hrs• Crystalloid formula
Frontal
Sphenoid
Superior orbital fissure
Optic foramen
Zygomatic bone
Palatine bone
MaxillaInfraorbital groove
Inferior orbital fissure
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Draw A, B, C, D