توصيف مقررات اخلطة الدراسية لربنامج األحياء عامة

Course specification of plan study of

General Biology Program

Taxonomy of the Flowering plants/ BIO416-3

Introduction and taxonomy importance- Systems for taxonomy- Tools in taxonomy (Flower structure)-

Tools in taxonomy (Fruits)- Tools in taxonomy (inflorescence) - Tools in taxonomy (pollen grains,

seeds and grains) - Families of Dialypetalae- Families of Sympetalae-Families of Monocotyledonae-

Introduction and taxonomy importance-Systems for taxonomy- Tools in taxonomy (Flower structure)

Economic Botany/ BIO318-3

Introduction-Economics of plants-Uses of economic plants fiber, wood, pigment, rubber, resein plants-

aromatic plants-oil and wax plants-sugar, starch and cellulose plants - fooder plants for animal and

human-Glycosides-Tannins-alkaloids-crops-Effect of economic plants on individuals, environment,

society and international relationships Negative effect of plants on man, animal and other plants.

Biostatistics/ BIO204

Definition of the community-Sample-Design of experiments- Inductive statistics-Deductive statistics-

Descriptive statistics- Numbering-Functions-Graphs-Number of graphs-Range- Categories-Frequency

distribution tables-Frequency curves- Measures of central tendency-Harmonic and geometric- and

quadratic - Scattering parameters - Exchange and compatibility - Variance- Standard deviation-

Standard error - Link - Regression coefficient-Sampling theory-Probability theory-Confidence limits-

Binomial distribution, natural distribution, Poisson distribution, and the distribution of stodent, Moral

tests, T test

Plant Physiology (1)/ BIO320-3

Plant water relations: at cellular level, water and plant cells. Water transport processes: mass flow and

diffusion - Qualitative and quantitative description of diffusion-Osmosis-Chemical potential of water,

concept of water potential-Component of water potential: in solution and plant cell-Hofler diagram,

plasmolysis and deplasmolysis - Membrane passive permeability, membrane composition and

structure-Whole plant water relations: water absorption by plant, pathways of water movement in the

root, stem and leaf- Resistances to water movement in plants. Mechanisms of water absorption: root

pressure and transpiration-Driving force of transpiration. Mechanism of stomatal opening and closing-

Phloem translocation: phloem structure, sap contents, phloem loading and unloading, source and sink.

Driving force of phloem transport. Mechanisms of phloem transport-Mineral nutrition: essential

nutrients. Methods to study the mineral requirements of plants. Mineral functional roles, deficiency,

and plant metabolism.

Flora of Suadi Arabia/ BIO413-3

Introduction-Importance of Flora-Plant nomenclature-Cultivated crops-vegetables and fruits in Suadi

Arabia-Phytogeographical region of the world-Classification of geographical regions of Suadi Arabia-

Flora of Coastal lands-Flora of Aseer mountains-Flora of Wesern Plataeu- Flora of Nagd Plataeu- Flora

of sandy deserts- Flora of North province- Life form categories

Cytology/BIO209-3

Historical introduction on the development of the cytology -The basic methods for studing of cytology-The

different types of the Microscopes-Structure of Bacterial, plant and animal Cells-The chemical structure of the

cell- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell-The cell cycle-The cell division (Mitosis and Meiosis)-The different types

of the cells and its functions-Apoptosis of the cell

Desert Ecology/ BIO418-2

Identification of Desertification- Drought Index - Types of Desert around the world - Types of Soils -

Desert Tables - Sandy Dunes-Animal and Plant Adaptation in Desert-Geomorphological Properties-

Climate Characteristics in Desert Ecosystem- Biodiversity in Desert Ecosystems

Pollution and Environment Protection / BIOL 409-3

Identification of Pollution-History of Pollution-Types of Pollution around the world - Classification of Pollution-

Pollution and Ecological Balance-Source and Effects of Pollution- Pollution of Nuclear Radiation - Pollution of

Foods- Microbial Pollution-Water Pollution- Marine Pollution-Soil Pollution- Wars and Pollution- Law and

Pollution

Animal Physiology BIO312-3

Introduction to Animal Physiology-Cell-Tissue-Organs-System)- Body Fluids-Food Staffs (Carbohydrates,

Proteins, lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Water)-Enzymes and Digestion-Digestive System, Digestion, Absorption-

Metabolism (Carbohydrates, Proteins, lipids)-The Respiratory system and Respiration-The Circulatory system and

Blood-The Nervous system (Control) structure and functions -Glands and Hormones, as well as Chemical

Hormonal coordination-The excretory system and Excretion, as well as Urine Formation

Plant tissue culture/ BIO415-3

Introduction (the history of plant tissue culture)- Principles and botanical basis of plant tissue culture-

Advantage and disadvantage of plant tissue culture-Laboratory establishment including design, basic

requirements and equipment's - Media preparation and component of different formulas-Micro

propagation techniques - Stages of micro propagation and the requirements for each - Micro

propagation of selected species of Horticulture plants-Micro propagation of selected species of

Horticulture plants-Protoplast isolation-Protoplast culture - Using tissue culture in plant improvement

Genetics/Bio206-2

Intoduction- Genetics and living organisms - Structure of genetic material and gene expression -

Mendelian genetics, First and second Mendel laws and their applications-Deviations from Mendel

laws-Lethal genes and Multiple alleles-Sex determination and sex-linked genetics-Mutations-

Principles of population genetics - Genetics of metabolic pathways and gene interactions -Epigenetics

Graduate Project / BIO419-3

Definition of scientific research - How to choose the point of research-Design the research plan for

article or dissertation -Preparation and discussion of the proposal -Literature collection method-Design

of the experiment and estimating the methods -Collecting and tabulating the results and its analysis -

Writing the results and how to discuss it-Reviewing the manuscript and introduce final form -Scientific

publishing

Plant Hormones/ 3-201417

Introduction and history of plant hormones -Definition of a plant hormone-Plant Growth

Promoters:Auxins-The different types, their composition and importance Auxins: Biosynthesis

Auxins-Physiological effects of auxins- Auxins transport in plants: The physiological effects of

Auxins-Gibberellins: Bioassay and Transport- The physiological effects of Gibberellins -Cytokinins:

Bioassay-metabolism-Transport-The physiological effects of Cytokinins-Growth Inhibitors: Ethylene-

Bioassay and structure-The physiological effects of ethylene-Abscicic Acid: Chemical composition-

Measurement-The physiological effects of Abscicic Acid-ABA-Biosynthesis-Mode of Action New

Growth Hormones -Polyamines-Gasminic Acid-Salicylic acid

Entomology /BIO317-3

Introduction and distribution of insects-Cuticle, moulting, and hormones effect-Digestive system-

Respiratory systemCirculatory system-Excretion system-Muscular system Nervous system-

Reproduction system

Embryology/ BIO411-3

Introduction in embryology:Definition, fields and branches, history, concepts and law and its

relationship with other sciences-General introduction in ontogenetic stages: gametogenesis and its

hormonal control and types of eggs- fertilization mechanisms and events in molecular terms- types of

cleavage and its laws- gastrulation and its characteristics-differentiations and regeneration-Embryonic

development of Amphioxus and frog/toad - Early embryonic development of chick embryo -Early

embryonic development of mammals-Embryonic membranes and placenta-Fate maps- Development

of eye, kidney, ear and heart in vertebrates-rtificial fertilization-Embryonic malformation-Technology

of reproduction-Embryonic induction and organizers, stem cells and genetic regulation of development

Fauna of KSA / BIO412-3

Introduction-Ecological and geographic regions of KSA - Marine ecosystems of KSA and aquatic

organisms-Bony and cartilaginous fish-Marine reptiles (Turtles and snakes) -Marine mammals and

aquatic birds of KSA -Freshwater habitats of KSA-Freshwater fish of KSA-Freshwater amphibians of

KSA-Terrestrial turtles of KSA -Reptiles of KSA-Reptiles of KSA (continue)-Terrestrial mammals of

KSA -Terrestrial mammals of KSA (continue) -Birds of KSA.

Invertebrates/ BIO311-3

Introduction to invertebrate taxonomy-Structure, function and general characteristics of Protozoa

phyla-Phylum Rorifera-hylum Cnidaria-Phylum Platyhelminthes-Phylum Nematoda (Aschelminthes)-

Phylum Annelida -Phylum Arthropoda -Phylum Mollusca-Phylum Ecinodermata

Molecular Biology/ BIO420-3

Introduction to Molecular Biology-Basic properties of cells and genetics-Biological molecules:

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids-DNA structure-RNA structure-DNA replication in

eukaryotes and prokaryotes -Transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes-Translation in eukaryotes

and prokaryotes-Genetic code & Gene structure

Plant Kingdom/BIO309-3

Introduction and definition knows plant kingdom-General systematic of microorganisms( algae-fungi-

bacteria- The general structure of the algae and reproduction methods-The classification of bacteria

and Distribution in different environments -General characteristics of the Division of Protista and

studying reproduction type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of bryophyte and

studying reproduction type of some genera - General characteristics of the Division of Angiosperm

and studying reproduction type of some genera -General characteristics of the Division

of Gymnosperms and studying reproduction type of some genera-General characteristics of the

Division of higher plants-General application uses of plant kingdom and their products in industry,

agriculture, medical.

Plant Pathology/ BIO-429-3

The history of Phytopathology-Principles of Plant Pathology-Plant disease losses and distribution of

pathogens-economic importance-Division of Plant Diseases-Symptoms of plant Diseases-The

Diagnosis of plant diseases-Spread of plant pathology agents - Effect of Environmental conditions on

Plant diseases-Causal agent of Plant Pathology (Biotic and abiotic agents) - Fungal parasitism-The

phases of the disease cycle -Methods of Plant disease Controlling -Fungal plant diseases: Damping-off

diseases, vascular wilt and their disease cycles -Fungal plant diseases: Blights and leaf spots diseases

- Post-harvest and storage diseases and their disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Downy and Powdery

mildews diseases and their disease cycles -Fungal plant diseases: Rusts and Smuts diseases and their

disease cycles-Bacterial and Phytoplasma plant diseases (importance, nature) Examples of the most

important bacterial and Phytoplasma plant diseases -Plant viral and viroid diseases -Nematode

diseases- parasitic flowering plants -Ecological factors as causal agents of plant diseases - General

discussions

General Botany/ BIO202-3

Historical introduction of plants diversity -Seeds, germination and seedlings growth -Sexual

reproduction -Asexual reproduction-Kinds of roots-Kinds of stems -Morphology of monocotyledon

leaf-Morphology of dicotyledonous leaf-Morphological adaptation of plants to environment -Flower

compositions -Kinds of inflorescences -Kinds of fruits

Economic Botany/ BIO318-3

Introduction and economic active constituents -Glycosides, Alkaloids, Tannins and Resins-Volatile

oils -Cereal crops (wheat, barley and rice) -Sugar plants (sugar cane and sugar beet)-Oil plants

(soybean, peanut, sunflower and sesame) Classification of fiber plants -Fiber crops (cotton, flax, jute

and hemp)- Medicinal and aromatic plants -Stimulant plants (tobacco, tea and coffee) -Spice plants -

Forests economy

Plant Anatomy/ BIO310-3

Plant cell structure -Plant tissues -Thickness of xylem vascular -Secretory system -Vascular bundles -

Anatomy of monocotyledon root -Anatomy of di-cotyledon root -Anatomy of monocotyledon stem -

Anatomy of di-cotyledon stem-Anatomy of monocotyledon leaf-Anatomy of di-cotyledon leaf-

Environmental effects on plant anatomy

General Biology /BIO101-4

Theories of the origin of life - Kingdoms of living organisms-Basic differentiating characteristics of

the kingdoms -Structural characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (Organelles, functions,

Genetic materials)-Nutrient transport across cell membrane-Metabolism-Photosynthesis and energy

transformation- Prokaryotic cells - Viruses -Plant tissues -Animal tissues -Nervous, circulatory,

Immune, and digestive systems.

General Microbiology/BIO208-3

Introduction to Microbiology:-History and scope of microbiology, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-

Viruses -Bacteria (Classification- Structure - Growth - Metabolism - Reproduction- Genetics-

Applications)-Fungi (Classification-Structure- Growth- Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-

Applications)-Viruses Classification-Structure-Replication in host cells-Genetics- Applications)-

Microalgae(Classification-Structure-Growth- Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-Applications)-

Parasites (Classification-Examples-Hosts)

Biodiversity/ BIO205-3

Concept of Biodiversity -Components of Biodiversity -Role of Arabic and Islamic civilizations in the

field of Biodiversity-Bases of the classification and nomenclature of living organisms- Classification

of Plant Kingdom- Classification of Animal Kingdom-The importance of maintaining biodiversity-

The causes of extinction and loss of biodiversity in ancient geological ages -The fossil record-How

fossils are formed -The causes of extinction and the loss of biodiversity in the modern era -Global

actions to maintain biodiversity-Patterns and models of biodiversity-Evolution of species-Strategies

and vital relationships in the world of the living organisms- Breeding laws in animal and plant

kingdoms -The density of plant and animal species-General principles for the study of the proliferation

of communities-Survivorship Curves

Mycology/ BIO321-3

Introduction and definition of fungi- The general composition of the fungal cell and methods of sexual

and asexual reproduction of fungi -Basics of fungal classification and the distribution of fungi in

various environments-The general characteristics of Myxomycetes and study of some genera and their

life cycles and their disease -The general characteristics of Oomycetes and study of some genera and

their life cycles and their disease -The general characteristics of Zygmycetes and study of some genera

and their life cycles -The general characteristics of Ascomycetes and study of some genera and their

life cycles and their disease- The general characteristics of Basidomycetes and study of some genera

and their life cycles -The general characteristics of Deuteromycetes and study of some genera and their

life cycles and their disease -The importance of fungi.

Parasitology/ BIO410-3

Concept of parasitology and parasitic mode of life and the deference between free living mode of life-

Classification of parasites and Scientific nomenclature-Sarcomastigophora- General characters of

Sarcodina-Entamoeba coli -Entamoeba histolytica-Other examples of Sarcodina E.gengivals-

Mastigophora- General chracters -Ultrastructure of cilium and flagellum-African Trypanosoma-

American Trypanosoma-Leischmania-Ciliophora-General characters-Balantedium-Apicomplexa

Plasmodium, Eimeria sp. Monocystis and Toxoplasma-Platyhelminthis-General characters -Fasciola.

Schstosoma mansoni and S. haematobium Heterophyes, clonorchis -Cesstodes: Taenia solium, T.

Saginata. Hymenolepis nana, H. diminuta -Echinococcus granulosus, Diphyllobothrium latum-

Nematodes: Ascaris, Ankyostoma, Felaria, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris, Ancylostoma

duodenale, Trichinella spiralis, Wuchereria bancrofti

General ecology/ BIO250-3

Introduction and concept of ecology and ecosystems- Components of ecosystems -Food chains and

food webs -Ecological pyramids-Energy flow and energy transfer along different types of ecosystems-

Bases of the ecological classification of organisms- Cycles of materials in nature -Water cycle-Carbon

cycle-Nitrogen cycle-Soil as an effective component in terrestrial ecosystems -Atmosphere,

Hydrosphere and Lithosphere -Zonobiomes and climatic diagrams -Climate as an effective component

in different ecosystems -Climate and weather-Temperature, light and rainfall as an effective parameters

on stability of ecosystems -Revision

Phycology /BIOL313-3

Introduction and definition knows Algae-Phycology -General characteristics of Algae -The general

structure of the algae and reproduction methods-The classification of Algae and Distribution of algae

in different environments -General characteristics of the Division of Cyanophyta and studying

reproduction type of some genera -General characteristics of the Division of Euglenophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Chlorophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Chrysophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Phaeophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera -General characteristics of the Division of Rhodophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera -General application uses of algae and their products in

industry, agriculture, medical

Scientific Terminology / BIOL203-2

Roots-Prefixes and Suffixes (Introduction)-Common Roots in Sciences-Common Prefixes in Sciences-

Numbers-based Prefixes-Colour-based Roots-Botanical Terms-Zoological Terms-Microbiological

Terms -Common Terms in Genetics.

Vertebrates / Bio 319-3

Introduction-General characters of Phylum Chordata, Classification of Phylum Chordata. Phylum

Hemichordata (Invertebrate-vertebrate): Balanoglossus. Class: Urochordata, Ascidia. Phenomenon of

Retrogressive metamorphosis -Class: Cephalochordata, Amphioxus lanceolatus (external features,

different systems of the body)-Amphioxus: Larva (specimen), adult (specimen). T.S. of pharyngeal,

trunk and tail regions-Vertebrata: general characters, Agnatha, Petromyzon: External features,

different systems of the body)-Petromyzon: Ammocoetes larva (photo and specimen), adult specimen.

Petromyzon: T.S. of pharyngeal, trunk and caudal regions-Characters of Chondrichthyes, Dogfish:

external features, skin, different systems of the body) -Dogfish: External features (male and female),

placoid scales, dissected dogfish (photo). Dogfish: T.S. of pharyngeal, trunk and tail regions -General

characters of Osteichthyes, Bolti: External features, skin, different systems of the body)-Tilapia:

External feature (male and female), dissection. Cycloid and ctenoid scales, T.S of pharyngeal, trunk

and tail regions of Bolti-Tetrapoda: Affinities between fishes and Amphibia, pentadactyle limb

skeleton and modification in Bufo, sense organs of Amphibia -Amphibia : 24 hrs Rana Larva- V.S. of

skin of Bufo-General characters of Amniota -Reptilia: General characters, external features of lizards

(Skink), different systems of the body -Reptilia: External feature of Scincus. V.S. of skin-Aves:

General characters, classfication, adaptive characters for aerial life -Skeleton of girdles and limbes

Aves: pigeon, external features of pigeon, different systems of the bod- Practical Revision -Mammals:

General characters &classification

احليوانمفردات مقررات اخلطة الدراسية لربنامج Course specification of plan study of

Zoology Program

General Biology/BIO101-4

Theories of the origin of life-Kingdoms of living organisms-Basic differentiating characteristics of the

kingdoms-Structural characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (Organelles, functions, Genetic

materials)-Nutrient transport across cell membrane-Metabolism-Photosynthesis and energy

transformation-Prokaryotic cells-Viruses-Plant tissues-Animal tissues-Nervous, circulatory, Immune,

and digestive systems.

General Zoology/BIO201-3

Introduction to fields and branches of Zoology and its history-Ultrastructures and chemical structure

of the animal cell-Types of cell division-Types of animal tissues-Introduction to animal physiology-

Reproduction and development-Introduction to animal ecology-The concepts of niche, speciation,

radiation, pre-adaptation, food web, and trophic levels-The role of various animal groups in their

natural communities and geographical distribution in relation to continental position-Principles of

animal classification- General characteristics of animal main taxonomic groups-Evolutionary

sequences of the invertebrate phyla and vertebrates classes-the characteristics of major phyla of

animals based on their morphology

General Botany/ BIO202-3

Historical introduction of plants diversity-Seeds, germination and seedlings growth-Sexual

reproduction-Asexual reproduction-Kinds of roots-Kinds of stems-Morphology of monocotyledon

leaf-Morphology of dicotyledonous leaf-Morphological adaptation of plants to environment-Flower

compositions-Kinds of inflorescences-Kinds of fruits

General Microbiology/BIO208-3

Introduction to Microbiology: History and scope of microbiology, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-

Viruses-Bacteria (Classification- Structure -Growth - Metabolism -Reproduction- Genetics-

Applications)-Fungi (Classification- Structure - Growth -Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-

Applications)-Viruses-Classification- Structure-Replication in host cells-Genetics- Applications)-

Microalgae (Classification-Structure-Growth- Metabolism - Reproduction- Genetics - Applications)-

Parasites (Classification - Examples – Hosts)

Biodiversity/ BIO205-3

Concept of Biodiversity-Components of Biodiversity-Role of Arabic and Islamic civilizations in the

field of Biodiversity-Bases of the classification and nomenclature of living organisms-Classification

of Plant Kingdom-Classification of Animal Kingdom-The importance of maintaining biodiversity-The

causes of extinction and loss of biodiversity in ancient geological ages - The fossil record-How fossils

are formed-The causes of extinction and the loss of biodiversity in the modern era-Global actions to

maintain biodiversity-Patterns and models of biodiversity-Evolution of species-Strategies and vital

relationships in the world of the living organisms-Breeding laws in animal and plant kingdoms-The

density of plant and animal species-General principles for the study of the proliferation of

communities-Survivorship Curves

General Ecology/ BIO250-3

Introduction and concept of ecology and ecosystems-Components of ecosystems-Food chains and food

webs-Ecological pyramids-Energy flow and energy transfer along different types of ecosystems-Bases

of the ecological classification of organisms-Cycles of materials in nature-Water cycle-Carbon cycle-

Nitrogen cycle-Soil as an effective component in terrestrial ecosystems-Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and

Lithosphere-Zonobiomes and climatic diagrams-Climate as an effective component in different

ecosystems-Climate and weather-Temperature, light and rainfall as an effective parameters on stability

of ecosystems-Revision

Scientific Terminology /BIOL203-2

Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes (Introduction)-Common Roots in Sciences-Common Prefixes in

Sciences-Numbers-based Prefixes-Colour-based Roots-Botanical Terms-Zoological Terms-

Microbiological Terms-Common Terms in Genetics-Biostatistics-Definition of the community -

Sample - Design of experiments-Inductive statistics-Deductive statistics - Descriptive statistics -

Numbering - Functions - Graphs - Number of graphs - Range - Categories - Frequency distribution

tables - Frequency curves- Measures of central tendency-Harmonic and geometric and quadratic-

Scattering parameters-Exchange and compatibility-Variance- Standard deviation- Standard error-

Link- Regression coefficient - Sampling theory-Probability theory-Confidence limits. Binomial

distribution, natural distribution, Poisson distribution, and the distribution of stodent, Moral tests, T

test

Cytology/BIO209-3

Historical introduction on the development of the cytology-The basic methods for studing of cytology

-The different types of the Microscopes-Structure of Bacterial, plant and animal Cells-The chemical

structure of the cell-Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell-The cell cycle-The cell division (Mitosis and

Meiosis)-The different types of the cells and its functions-Apoptosis of the cell

Animal Behavior Course/ BIO315-2

Introduction for Ethology: Definition of behavior and ethology, Importance of studying behavior and its

application - the relations between ethology and psychology- Methods of studying animal behavior - Objectives

of behavior in animals - Methods of behavior occurring - Behavior classification- nature of the behavior- Inborn

(innate) behavior and acquired (learned) behavior: the general concept, the difference between the two types -

Examples of innate behaviors- Motivation and memory: their role in learning behavior- Some types of general

behaviors in animals-Social behavior in animals: communication: chemical, auditory, visual-Hormones and

behavior- evolution of behavior

Animal Physiology/ BIO312-3

Introduction to Animal Physiology,(Cell - Tissue - Organs - System)-Body Fluids-Food Staffs (Carbohydrates,

Proteins, lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Water)-Enzymes and Digestion-Digestive System, Digestion, Absorption-

Metabolism (Carbohydrates, Proteins, lipids)-The Respiratory system and Respiration-The Circulatory system and

Blood-The Nervous system (Control) structure and functions-Glands and Hormones, as well as Chemical

Hormonal coordination-The excretory system and Excretion, as well as Urine Formation

Embryology/ BIO411-3

Introduction in embryology: Definition, fields and branches, history, concepts and law and its

relationship with other sciences-General introduction in ontogenetic stages: gametogenesis and its

hormonal control and types of eggs- fertilization mechanisms and events in molecular terms- types of

cleavage and its laws- gastrulation and its characteristics- differentiations and regeneration-Embryonic

development of Amphioxus and frog/toad-Early embryonic development of chick embryo- Early

embryonic development of mammals-Embryonic membranes and placenta-Fate maps-Development of

eye, kidney, ear and heart in vertebrates-Artificial fertilization- Embryonic malformation-Technology

of reproduction-Embryonic induction and organizers, stem cells and genetic regulation of

development.

Entomology / BIO317-3

Introduction and distribution of insects-Cuticle, moulting, and hormones effect-Digestive system-

Respiratory system-Circulatory system-Excretion system-Muscular system-Nervous system-

Reproduction system

Fauna of KSA/ BIO412-3

Introduction - Ecological and geographic regions of KSA-Marine ecosystems of KSA and aquatic

organisms-Bony and cartilaginous fish-Marine reptiles (Turtles and snakes)-Marine mammals and

aquatic birds of KSA-Freshwater habitats of KSA-Freshwater fish of KSA-Freshwater amphibians of

KSA-Terrestrial turtles of KSA-Reptiles of KSA-Reptiles of KSA (continue)-Terrestrial mammals of

KSA-Terrestrial mammals of KSA (continue)-Birds of KSA.

Invertebrates/ BIO311-3

Introduction to invertebrate taxonomy-Structure, function and general characteristics of Protozoa

phyla-Phylum Rorifera-Phylum Cnidaria-Phylum Platyhelminthes-Phylum Nematoda

(Aschelminthes)-Phylum Annelida-Phylum Arthropoda-Phylum Mollusca, Phylum Ecinodermata

Molecular Biology/ BIO420-3

Introduction to Molecular Biology-Basic properties of cells and genetic - Biological molecules:

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids-DNA structure-RNA structure -DNA replication in

eukaryotes and prokaryotes-Transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes-Translation in eukaryotes and

prokaryotes- Genetic code & Gene structure

Parasitology/BIO410-3

Concept of parasitology and parasitic mode of life and the deference between free living mode of life-

Classification of parasites and Scientific nomenclature-Sarcomastigophora-General characters of

Sarcodina-Entamoeba coli-Entamoeba histolytica-Other examples of Sarcodina-E. gengivals-

Mastigophora-General chracters-Ultrastructure of cilium and flagellum-African Trypanosoma-

American Trypanosoma-Leischmania-Ciliophora-General characters-Balantedium-Apicomplexa

Plasmodium, Eimeria sp. Monocystis and Toxoplasma-Platyhelminthis-General characters-Fasciola.

Schstosoma mansoni and S. haematobium Heterophyes, clonorchis-Cesstodes: Taenia solium, T.

Saginata. Hymenolepis nana, H. diminuta-Echinococcus granulosus, Diphyllobothrium latum-

Nematodes:Ascaris, Ankyostoma, Felaria, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris, Ancylostoma

duodenale, Trichinella spiralis, Wuchereria bancrofti

Vertebrates /Bio 319-3

Introduction-General characters of Phylum Chordata-Classification of Phylum Chordata. Phylum

Hemichordata (Invertebrate-vertebrate)-Balanoglossus. Class:Urochordata, Ascidia. Phenomenon of

Retrogressive metamorphosis - Class: Cephalochordata, Amphioxus lanceolatus (external features,

different systems of the body) - Amphioxus: Larva (specimen), adult (specimen). T.S. of pharyngeal,

trunk and tail regions - Vertebrata: general characters, Agnatha, Petromyzon: External features,

different systems of the body-Petromyzon: Ammocoetes larva (photo and specimen), adult specimen.

Petromyzon: T.S. of pharyngeal, trunk and caudal regions-Characters of Chondrichthyes, Dogfish:

external features, skin, different systems of the body) - Dogfish: External features (male and female),

placoid scales, dissected dogfish (photo). Dogfish: T.S. of pharyngeal, trunk and tail regions - General

characters of Osteichthyes, Bolti: External features, skin, different systems of the body) Tilapia:

External feature (male and female), dissection. Cycloid and ctenoid scales, T.S of pharyngeal, trunk

and tail regions of Bolti - Tetrapoda: Affinities between fishes and Amphibia, pentadactyle limb

skeleton and modification in Bufo, sense organs of Amphibia - Amphibia : 24 hrs Rana Larva- V.S. of

skin of Bufo- General characters of Amniota -Reptilia: General characters, external features of lizards

(Skink), different systems of the body - Reptilia: External feature of Scincus. V.S. of skin-Aves:

General characters, classfication, adaptive characters for aerial life - Skeleton of girdles and limbes -

Aves: pigeon, external features of pigeon, different systems of the bod- Practical Revision- Mammals:

General characters &classification

Animal ecology/ BIO425-2

Introduction to Ecology and its fields, theories and concepts- Zoogeography and animal classification

on ecological basis- Components and types of ecosystems-Terrestrial ecosystems- Aquatic

ecosystems- Ecology of Coral reefs- Adaptation and its mechanisms- Stress and its responses-

Ecological aspects and strategies of reproduction, hibernation and growth-Energetics and the use of

physiological indices in ecological studies- Ecological diversity and its measurements- Population

dynamics

Animal Taxonomy/BIO326-2

Introduction on history and functions of taxonomy- Types of species and subspecies and mechanism

of speciation- Higher taxa and their function and definition- Introduction to taxonomic procedures with

types of keys, their construction and use- Types of museums and related activities- Taxonomic

differentiation and discrimination-Taxonomic characters, numerical taxonomy and quantitative

analysis- Phylogenetics and modern techniques in genetics- Species discovery, taxonomic paper and

publications- Rules of animal nomenclature- Taxonomic terms.

Biological control/BIO426-3

The ecological principles and applied practices of modern biological control of insects, weeds and

plant pathogens; including the history, scope, strengths and weaknesses, scientific basis of biological

contrl- Study of the different species of parasites, entomohagous insects, insect pathogens and

predators in concern with biological control – Study of the life cycles of the natural enemies- methods

of parasitism and predation on host insect and prey, respectively-Parasitic insect: Scientific taxonomy-

Endoparasitism -Ectoparasitism- Economic production of the important parasites- Methods of

releasing the parasites in the natural environment- Effect of the environmental factors on the activity

of parasites in the nature-Predators insect: Scientific taxonomy-Prey sages-Methods of predation-

Economic production of the important predators- Methods of releasing the predators in the nature and

the effect of the environmental factors on the activity of predators- Study of the role of the microbial

insects on the survival of the pests in the field- Effect of the environmental factors on the activity of

the microbial insects during the application in the field. The integrated pest management, techniques

and protocols in implementation of control programs and related topics.

Biology of Birds and Mammals/BIO 437-3

Introduction To Biology of Birds and Mammals - General Characters of Birds - Classification and

distribution of Birds in KSA - Flight adaptations in Birds - Respiration and feeding in Birds -

Reproduction and nesting in Birds - General Characters of Mammals - Classification and distribution

of Mammals in KSA - Feeding and Digestion diversity in Mammals - Respiration and Reproduction in

Mammals - adaptations to aquatic and terrestrial environments - Differences between Birds and

Mammals on evolutionary bases

Comparative Anatomy /BIO 421-3

Introduction: origin, function, diversification, development and evolution of vertebrates - Integument

-Skeletal system - Muscular system - Digestive system Execratory system - Respiratory system -

Circulatory system - Urogenital system - Nervous system and Sense organs - Endocrine system -

Evolutionary relationships between vertebrate taxa.

Comparative Animal Physiology/ BIO324-3

Introduction to the physiological processes and animals (invertebrates and vertebrates) adaptation to

a diverse range of environments- Comparative physiology of respiratory systems in animal taxa-

Comparative physiology of cardiovascular system and reproduction in animal taxa- Comparative

physiology of osmoregulatory mechanisms in association of different ecosystems- Comparative

physiology of digestive physiological processes in animal taxa- Comparative physiology of nervous

systems and sense organs- Molecular and cellular events that mediate physiological processes and

contribute to whole animal homeostasis-Evolutionary significance of physiological variability

among different animal taxa

Economic Entomology/ BIO325-3

Introduction to economic Entomology- General entomology principles including structure, function,

taxonomic classification, and ecology- Different methods for insect control and integrated systems

of pest management- Interactions between pests and their environment-General insect pests-

Economically important insect orders, families, genera, and species-Insect pests on crops, vegetables,

fruits and ornamental plants and on human and animals- Economics of Honey bee and its products-

Economics of Silk worms and its rearing.

Endocrinology / BIO424-3

General Principles of Endocrinology-The anatomy, biochemistry and physiology of the endocrine

systems- Techniques for Studying Endocrinology- Mechanisms of hormonal action- The relationship

of the nervous system to the endocrine system-The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-gonad System-Factors

regulating hormonal secretion- Hormonal disruption and its causes- Hormones of invertebrates-

Hormones of vertebrates (secretion-functions- diseases caused by disturbance in hormonal secretion)-

Molecular basis for the synthesis, actions and regulation of hormones- Hormones in parental and social

behaviors, mood disorders, homeostasis, cognition and stress.

Graduation Project / BIO419-3

How to make a research- Steps of research project to be excluded are: Definition of the research

problem and plan- Preparation and discussion of the proposal- Design of experiments/field study plan

with Time Schedule- Preparation of Literature review- Execution of experiments/ field studies

collecting results- Data Analysis- Reviewing thesis elements- Writing thesis in final form.

Hematology & Immunology / BIO422-3

The basic concepts in hematology of animals- Blood constituents and functions- Blood grouping and

blood transfer- Blood bleeding and clotting- Blood physiology, disorders and pathology- Basic

practical techniques in hematology- The basic concepts in immunology and their applications.

Properties of immune responses; cells and tissues of immune system- Lymphocyte activation and

specificity; effector mechanisms; the role of the immunity against microbes- Antigen-antibody

interactions; and detection of cell-mediated immune response- immunodeficiency and AIDS-

Autoimmune diseases- Types of immune system- Natural and acquired immunity- Mechanisms of

immunization against diseases-Vaccination.

Herptology / BIO 423-3

Introduction to Herpetology-Reptile and Amphibian Origins/Evolutionary History Classification of

Amphibians and Reptiles- Anatomy of Amphibians and Reptiles-Ecology and Physiology of Reptiles and

Amphibians- Reproduction, Life History, and Reproductive Modes of Amphibians and Reptiles-Spacing,

Movements,Orientation and Communication of Amphibians, Reptiles-Foraging and Diets of Amphibians

and Reptiles- Defense and Escape of Amphibians and Reptiles-Biogeography, Conservation and

Management

Histology/ BIO223-2

Introduction to histology of animals and its evolution- Microscopic cell, tissue structure and types of animal

tissues- Histological features of circulatory, lymphatic Integumentary, Skeletal, Nervous, Respiratory,

Digestive Urinary, Reproductive, Endocrine and exocrine systems- Histological techniques and methods:

theory and practice-Histochemistry and Immunohistochemistry and their techniques – Histopathology

Ichthyology/ Bio428-3

Introduction to Ichthyology, its branches and applications- Morphology and anatomy of fishes (How

to identify a fish)- Fish taxonomy, Zoogeography and use of taxonomic keys-Fish food and feeding-

Fish growth and age determination-Fish reproduction-Fish migration-Fish osmoregulation-Fish

circulation, respiration-nervous systems and sense organs- Aquatic ecosystems and fish habitats-

Aquaculture and fisheries

Protozoology/BIO322-2

Introduction, Classes of Kingdom Protozoa, Taxonomic Status- Structure and Function and Characteristics

of the different taxonomic groups-Life properties of Protozoa (Respiration,excretion,

nutrition,behaviour,sensations and reproduction)-Economic Importance-Relationship between Protozoa,

man, animals,plants and microorganisms. Genetics and protozoa molecular biology.

علم النباتلربنامج مقررات اخلطة الدراسية مفرداتCourse specification of plan study of

Plant Program

General Biology/ BIO101-4

Theories of the origin of life-Kingdoms of living organisms-Basic differentiating characteristics of the

kingdoms-Structural characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (Organelles, functions, Genetic

materials)-Nutrient transport across cell membrane-Metabolism-Photosynthesis and energy transformation-

Prokaryotic cells-Viruses-Plant tissues-Animal tissues-Nervous, circulatory, Immune, and digestive systems

General Zoology/ BIO201-3

Introduction to fields and branches of Zoology and its history -Ultrastructures and chemical structure of the

animal cell-Types of cell division-Types of animal tissues-Introduction to animal physiology-Reproduction

and development-Introduction to animal ecology-The concepts of niche, speciation, radiation, pre-adaptation,

food web, and trophic levels -The role of various animal groups in their natural communities and geographical

distribution in relation to continental position-Principles of animal classification-General characteristics of

animal main taxonomic groups- Evolutionary sequences of the invertebrate phyla and vertebrates classes-the

characteristics of major phyla of animals based on their morphology

General Botany/ BIO202-3

Historical introduction of plants diversity-Seeds, germination and seedlings growth -Sexual reproduction -

Asexual reproduction-Kinds of roots-Kinds of stems-Morphology of monocotyledon leaf-Morphology of

dicotyledonous leaf-Morphological adaptation of plants to environment-Flower compositions-Kinds of

inflorescences-Kinds of fruits

General Microbiology/BIO208-3

Introduction to Microbiology: History and scope of microbiology, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-Viruses-

Bacteria (Classification-Structure-Growth-Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-Applications)-Fungi

(Classification- Structure-Growth-Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-Applications)-Viruses (Classification-

Structure-Replication in host cells-Genetics-Applications)-Microalgae (Classification-Structure-Growth-

Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-Applications)-Parasites (Classification-Examples- Hosts)

Biodiversity/ BIO205-3

Concept of Biodiversity-Components of Biodiversity-Role of Arabic and Islamic civilizations in the field of

Biodiversity-Bases of the classification and nomenclature of living organisms-Classification of Plant Kingdom-

Classification of Animal Kingdom-The importance of maintaining biodiversity-The causes of extinction and loss

of biodiversity in ancient geological ages-The fossil record-How fossils are formed-The causes of extinction and

the loss of biodiversity in the modern era-Global actions to maintain biodiversity-Patterns and models of

biodiversity-Evolution of species-Strategies and vital relationships in the world of the living organisms-Breeding

laws in animal and plant kingdoms-The density of plant and animal species-General principles for the study of the

proliferation of communities-Survivorship Curves

General ecology/ BIO250-3

Introduction and concept of ecology and ecosystems-Components of ecosystems-Food chains and food webs-

Ecological pyramids-Energy flow and energy transfer along different types of ecosystems-Bases of the ecological

classification of organisms - Cycles of materials in nature-Water cycle-Carbon cycle-Nitrogen cycle-Soil as an

effective component in terrestrial ecosystems-Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere-Zonobiomes and climatic

diagrams-Climate as an effective component in different ecosystems-Climate and weather-Temperature, light and

rainfall as an effective parameters on stability of ecosystems-Revision

Scientific Terminology / BIOL203-2

Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes (Introduction)-Common Roots in Sciences-Common Prefixes in Sciences-Numbers-

based Prefixes-Colour-based Roots-Botanical Terms-Zoological Terms-Microbiological Terms-Common Terms in

Genetics-Biostatistics-Definition of the community - Sample - Design of experiments-Inductive statistics-

Deductive statistics-Descriptive statistics-Numbering- Functions-Graphs -Number of graphs - Range - Categories-

Frequency distribution tables-Frequency curves- Measures of central tendency-Harmonic and geometric and

quadratic-Scattering parameters-Exchange and compatibility-Variance-Standard deviation- Standard error-Link-

Regression coefficient- Sampling theory-Probability theory-Confidence limits. Binomial distribution, natural

distribution, Poisson distribution, and the distribution of stodent, Moral tests, T test

Cytology/BIO209-3

Historical introduction on the development of the cytology-The basic methods for studing of cytology -The different

types of the Microscopes-Structure of Bacterial, plant and animal Cells-The chemical structure of the cell-

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell-The cell cycle-The cell division (Mitosis and Meiosis)-The different types of the

cells and its functions-Apoptosis of the cell

Taxonomy of the Flowering plants/ BIO416-3

Introduction and taxonomy importance- Systems for taxonomy- Tools in taxonomy (Flower structure)-Tools in

taxonomy (Fruits)-Tools in taxonomy (inflorescence)-Tools in taxonomy (pollen grains, seeds and grains)-Families

of Dialypetalae- Families of Sympetalae-Families of Monocotyledonae- Introduction and taxonomy importance -

Systems for taxonomy - Tools in taxonomy (Flower structure).

Economic Botany/BIO318-3

Introduction - Economics of plants -Uses of economic plants fiber, wood, pigment, rubber, resein plants-aromatic

plants-oil and wax plants-sugar, starch and cellulose plants fooder plants for animal and human- Glycosides-

Tannins-alkaloids-crops-Effect of economic plants on individuals, environment, society and international

relationships-Negative effect of plants on man, animal and other plants.

Plant Physiology (1)/ BIO320-3

Plant water relations: at cellular level, water and plant cells. Water transport processes: mass flow and

diffusion - Qualitative and quantitative description of diffusion-Osmosis-Chemical potential of water, concept

of water potential. - Component of water potential: in solution and plant cell - Hofler diagram, plasmolysis

and deplasmolysis -Membrane passive permeability, membrane composition and structure-Whole plant water

relations: water absorption by plant, pathways of water movement in the root, stem and leaf. Resistances to

water movement in plants. Mechanisms of water absorption: root pressure and transpiration. Driving force of

transpiration. Mechanism of stomatal opening and closing.-Phloem translocation: phloem structure, sap

contents, phloem loading and unloading, source and sink. Driving force of phloem transport. Mechanisms of

phloem transport - Mineral nutrition: essential nutrients. Methods to study the mineral requirements of plants.

Mineral functional roles, deficiency, and plant metabolism.

Flora of Suadi Arabia/ BIO413-3

Introduction, Importance of Flora- Plant nomenclature- Cultivated crops, vegetables and fruits in Suadi

Arabia- Phytogeographical region of the world- Classification of geographical regions of Suadi Arabia- Flora

of Coastal lands- Flora of Aseer mountains- Flora of Wesern Plataeu-Flora of Nagd Plataeu- Flora of sandy

deserts- Flora of North province-Life form categories

Pollution and Environment Protection / BIOL 409-3

Identification of Pollution-History of Pollution-Types of Pollution around the world - Classification of

Pollution- Pollution and Ecological Balance-Source and Effects of Pollution- Pollution of Nuclear Radiation

- Pollution of Foods- Microbial Pollution- Water Pollution-Marine Pollution-Soil Pollution- Wars and

Pollution- Law and Pollution

Plant tissue culture/ BIO415-3

Introduction (the history of plant tissue culture)- Principles and botanical basis of plant tissue culture-

Advantage and disadvantage of plant tissue culture -Laboratory establishment including design, basic

requirements and equipment's-Media preparation and component of different formulas-Micro propagation

techniques-Stages of micro propagation and the requirements for each-Micro propagation of selected species

of Horticulture plants-Micro propagation of selected species of Horticulture plants-Protoplast isolation-

Protoplast culture -Using tissue culture in plant improvement

Genetics/ Bio206-2

Intoduction - Genetics and living organisms- Structure of genetic material and gene expression-Mendelian

genetics, First and second Mendel laws and their applications-Deviations from Mendel laws-Lethal genes and

Multiple alleles-Sex determination and sex-linked genetics-Mutations-Principles of population genetics-

Genetics of metabolic pathways and gene interactions-Epigenetics

Graduate Project / BIO419-3

Definition of scientific research -How to choose the point of research-Design the research plan for article or

dissertation-Preparation and discussion of the proposal-Literature collection method-Design of the experiment

and estimating the methods-Collecting and tabulating the results and its analysis-Writing the results and how

to discuss it-Reviewing the manuscript and introduce final form-Scientific publishing

Plant Hormones/ 3-201417

Introduction and history of plant hormones-Definition of a plant hormone-Plant Growth Promoters:Auxins -

The different types, their composition and importance-Auxins: Biosynthesis-Auxins – Physiological effects

of auxins-Auxins transport in plants: The physiological effects of Auxins-Gibberellins: Bioassay and

Transport-The physiological effects of Gibberellins-Cytokinins: Bioassay - metabolism - Transport-The

physiological effects of Cytokinins-Growth Inhibitors: Ethylene - Bioassay and structure-The physiological

effects of ethylene-Abscicic Acid: Chemical composition- Measurement-The physiological effects of

Abscicic Acid-ABA -Biosynthesis - Mode of Action-New Growth Hormones - Polyamines -Gasminic Acid

– Salicylic acid

Molecular Biology/ BIO420-3

Introduction to Molecular Biology-Basic properties of cells and genetics-Biological molecules:

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids-DNA structure-RNA structure-DNA replication in

eukaryotes and prokaryotes-Transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes-Translation in eukaryotes and

prokaryotes-Genetic code & Gene structure

Plant Kingdom/ BIO309-3

Introduction and definition knows plant kingdom-General systematic of microorganisms -The general

structure of the algae and reproduction methods-The classification of bacteria and Distribution in different

environments-General characteristics of the Division of Protista and studying reproduction type of some

genera -General characteristics of the Division of bryophyte and studying reproduction type of some genera-

General characteristics of the Division of Angiosperm and studying reproduction type of some genera-

General characteristics of the Division of Gymnosperms and studying reproduction type of some genera-

General characteristics of the Division of higher plants General application uses of plant kingdom and their

products in industry, agriculture, medical -

Plant Pathology/ BIO-429-3

The history of Phytopathology-Principles of Plant Pathology-Plant disease losses and distribution of

pathogens-economic importance-Division of Plant Diseases-Symptoms of plant Diseases-The Diagnosis of

plant diseases-Spread of plant pathology agents-Effect of Environmental conditions on Plant diseases-Causal

agent of Plant Pathology (Biotic and abiotic agents) -Fungal parasitism- The phases of the disease cycle-

Methods of Plant disease Controlling-Fungal plant diseases: Damping-off diseases, vascular wilt and their

disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Blights and leaf spots diseases - Post-harvest and storage diseases and

their disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Downy and Powdery mildews diseases and their disease cycles-

Fungal plant diseases: Rusts and Smuts diseases and their disease cycles-Bacterial and Phytoplasma plant

diseases (importance, nature) Examples of the most important bacterial and Phytoplasma plant diseases-Plant

viral and viroid diseases-Nematode diseases - parasitic flowering plants-Ecological factors as causal agents

of plant diseases-General discussions.

Plant Anatomy BIO310-3

Plant cell structure-Plant tissues-Thickness of xylem vascular-Secretory system-Vascular bundles-Anatomy

of monocotyledon root-Anatomy of di-cotyledon root-Anatomy of monocotyledon stem-Anatomy of di-

cotyledon stem-Anatomy of monocotyledon leaf-Anatomy of di-cotyledon leaf-Environmental effects on

plant anatomy

Mycology/BIO321-3

Introduction and definition of fungi-The general composition of the fungal cell and methods of sexual and

asexual reproduction of fungi-Basics of fungal classification and the distribution of fungi in various

environments-The general characteristics of Myxomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and

their disease-The general characteristics of Oomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and their

disease-The general characteristics of Zygmycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles-The general

characteristics of Ascomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and their disease-The general

characteristics of Basidomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles-The general characteristics of

Deuteromycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and their disease- The importance of fungi.

Phycology /BIOL313-3

Introduction and definition knows Algae- Phycology-General characteristics of Algae-The general structure

of the algae and reproduction methods-The classification of Algae and Distribution of algae in different

environments-General characteristics of the Division of Cyanophyta and studying reproduction type of some

genera-General characteristics of the Division of Euglenophyta and studying reproduction type of

some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Chlorophyta and studying reproduction type

of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Chrysophyta and studying reproduction

type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Phaeophyta and studying

reproduction type of some genera -General characteristics of the Division of Rhodophyta and

studying reproduction type of some genera-General application uses of algae and their

products in industry, agriculture, medical.

Plant secondary metabolites/ BIO436-3

Introduction and difference between primary and secondary plant products-

metabolic linkage between primary and secondary compounds-Factors affecting

plant secondary production- principle groups of plant secondary compounds-

Biosynthesis, functions and classification of terpenoids- Biosynthesis, functions and

classification of terpenoids-Biosynthesis, functions, classification of phenolic

compounds-Biosynthesis, functions, classification of phenolic compounds-

Biosynthesis, functions, classification of alkaloids- Biosynthesis, functions,

classification of glycosides-Biosynthesis, functions, classification of non-protein

amino acids.

Water Relation &Mineral Nutrition/ BIO339-3

Water in plant life -properties of water - diffusion - osmosis - mass flow-water relations in the plant cell -

Hovler structure - concept of mineral nutrition in plants - essential elements – macro-and microelements -

effect of mineral deficits and its treatments - Mineral salt absorption and translocation: Passive absorption-

Ion exchange - Donnan effect and equilibrium- Active transport - Ion pumps - ATP carrier Mechanism -

Factors affecting salt absorption -Functions of essential mineral elements and symptoms of mineral

deficiency.

Vegetation/ BI433-2

Introduction to plant communities-Factors affecting plants distribution-Units of vegetation-Methods of study

(Quadrates -Transects)-floristic composition-Life form of plants Stratification-Phenology-Dispersal-sex

forms-quantitative properties (density-frequency-cover-abundance-size-biomass-Multivariate analysis of

plant communities (similarity-classification-ordination-direct gradients)-examples of plant communities

(Aquatic plant communities-Submerged communities-Floating communities-Reed swamps communities-

Climax communities-Xeric communities-Ephemerals communities-Ephemeroids communities-Perennial

succulents communities- Sclerophytes).

Plant Ecology/ BIO335-3

Introduction on plant ecology -Concept of environmental factors & its classification-Contents and

stratification of atmosphere-Environmental factors- Light factor -temperature factor- Air as an environmental

factor -wind factor- water as environmental factor-Hydrophytes-Plant succession-xerophytic plants-

mesophytic plants-The biotic factors-Edaphic factors-Humus

Medicinal plants / BIO430-3

Classification of medical plants - Active constituents in plants - Alkaloids , properties and its distribution in

plants - Volatile oils -properties and its distribution in plants - Extraction of volatile oil - Stimulating materials

, properties and its distribution in plants - Glycosides, properties and its distribution in plants - Growth and

production of several medicinal plants

Graduate Project /BIO419-3

Definition of the research problem and plan -Steps of Research plan-Design of articles and dissertation-

Writing the introduction- Preparation of literature review-Design the experiment- Collecting results- Data

Analysis- Reviewing the paper and thesis elements- Writing thesis in final form. Scientific Publishing

Archegoniate/ 3-201332

Introduction on Archegoniatae-General characteristics and the foundations of the division-rchegoniatae-

(Riccia -Marchantiaا (Hepaticae), (Pellia-Anthocerous) (Hepaticae)-Sphagnum) (Mosses)-(Funaria-

Polytrichum) (Moses)-Hornea, steroxalon, Rhyni (Ptredophyta)-Psilotum-Lycopodium (Ptredophyta)-

Selaginella (Ptredophyta)-Equisetum (Ptredophyta)-Adiantum-Conifers and general characteristics-Conifers

–Pinus-Conifers- Cycas

Phytogeography/ BIO435-2

Basis of plant distribution (ecological basis- plant responses basis- migration basis)-Dispersal-types of

dispersal seeds-Area (continuous-discontinuous-relic-viscarious)-endemism- cosmopolitan and endemic

species-vegetational zones-floristic elements-chorotypes-Classification of the earth to phytogeorphyical

unites (equatorial zone-tropical zone- cold zone-polar zone)-Main plant formations in the world (Forests-

Grasses- deserts).

Plant physiology 2 / BIO336-3

Definition of the e course contents, the purpose and importance of study-description of plant cell organelles-

Introduction of enzymes - nomenclature, Specialization classification-the nature of the enzymatic reactions-

How enzymes work-tructure of enzymes-the active site-Kinetics of enzymatic reactions-Factors affecting the

activity of enzymes- Respiration: the definition-types of respiration-stages of aerobic anaerobic respirations -

Photosynthesis: Light dependent and independent reactions-C3 and C4 plants-Metabolism of carbohydrates :

carbohydrate classification, anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates-Nitrogen and protein metabolism:

source of nitrogen, assimilation of ammonia, synthesis of amino acids - classification of proteins-Lipid

metabolism: classification of lipid, anabolism and catabolism, importance of lipid in plant cells-Vitamins:

importance, classification, synthesis, its physiological role in the plant and humans.

Physiology of Environmental stresses/ BIO431-3

classification of plants according to the living habitat conditions-Types of environmental stresse-Differences

of plants to avoided tolerate stress conditions-Xerophytes-Water balance within xerophytes -Physiological

responses of xerophytes (water deficit and drought resistance of 5-xerophytes)- Water deficit and drought

resistance in mesophytes-Halophytes (Types- biochemical potential of halophytes)-Physiological responses

of halophytes and activation of tolerance-Salt stress and salt resistance-Temperature stress and plant

resistance (Cold and Freezing stress) (injury and freezing resistance)-Other biotic and abiotic environmental

stress-improving of physiological crop tolerance in mesophytes

الدقيقة ياءاألحلربنامج مقررات اخلطة الدراسية مفرداتCourse specification of plan study of

Microbiology Program

General Biology/BIO101-4

Theories of the origin of life - Kingdoms of living organisms - Basic differentiating characteristics of the

kingdoms - Structural characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (Organelles, functions, Genetic

materials) - Nutrient transport across cell membrane-Metabolism, Photosynthesis and energy

transformation - Prokaryotic cells -Viruses - Plant tissues - Animal tissues - Nervous, circulatory, Immune,

and digestive systems

General Zoology/ BIO201-3

Introduction to fields and branches of Zoology and its history-Ultrastructures and chemical structure of

the animal cell-Types of cell division-Types of animal tissues-Introduction to animal physiology-

Reproduction and development-Introduction to animal ecology-The concepts of niche, speciation,

radiation, pre-adaptation, food web, and trophic levels -The role of various animal groups in their natural

communities and geographical distribution in relation to continental position-Principles of animal

classification- General characteristics of animal main taxonomic groups-Evolutionary sequences of the

invertebrate phyla and vertebrates classes-the characteristics of major phyla of animals based on their

morphology

General Microbiology/BIO208-3

Introduction to Microbiology: History and scope of microbiology-prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-

Viruses-Bacteria (Classification- Structure-Growth - Metabolism - Reproduction- Genetics-Applications)

-Fungi (Classification- Structure-Growth-Metabolism-Reproduction-Genetics-Applications)-Viruses

(Classification- Structure-Replication in host cells-Genetics-Applications)-Microalgae (Classification-

Structure-Growth-Metabolism-Reproduction- Genetics - Applications)- Parasites (Classification -

Examples -Hosts)

General Botany/ BIO202-3

Historical introduction of plants diversity-Seeds, germination and seedlings growth-Sexual reproduction-

Asexual reproduction-Kinds of roots-Kinds of stems-Morphology of monocotyledon leaf-Morphology of

dicotyledonous leaf-Morphological adaptation of plants to environment-Flower compositions-Kinds of

inflorescences-Kinds of fruits

Biodiversity/ BIO205-3

Concept of Biodiversity-Components of Biodiversity-Role of Arabic and Islamic civilizations in the field

of Biodiversity-Bases of the classification and nomenclature of living organisms-Classification of Plant

Kingdom-Classification of Animal Kingdom-The importance of maintaining biodiversity-The causes of

extinction and loss of biodiversity in ancient geological ages-The fossil record-How fossils are formed-

The causes of extinction and the loss of biodiversity in the modern era-Global actions to maintain

biodiversity-Patterns and models of biodiversity-Evolution of species-Strategies and vital relationships in

the world of the living organisms-Breeding laws in animal and plant kingdoms-The density of plant and

animal species-General principles for the study of the proliferation of communities-Survivorship Curves

General ecology/ BIO250-3

Introduction and concept of ecology and ecosystems-Components of ecosystems-Food chains and food

webs-Ecological pyramids -Energy flow and energy transfer along different types of ecosystems-Bases of

the ecological classification of organisms-Cycles of materials in nature-Water cycle-Carbon cycle-

Nitrogen cycle-Soil as an effective component in terrestrial ecosystems-Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and

Lithosphere-Zonobiomes and climatic diagrams-Climate as an effective component in different

ecosystems-Climate and weather-Temperature, light and rainfall as an effective parameters on stability of

ecosystems-Revision

Scientific Terminology / BIOL203-2

Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes (Introduction)-Common Roots in Sciences-Common Prefixes in Sciences-

Numbers-based Prefixes-Colour-based Roots-Botanical Terms-Zoological Terms-Microbiological

Terms-Common Terms in Genetics-Biostatistics-Definition of the community-Sample-Design of

experiments - Inductive statistics - Deductive statistics - Descriptive statistics - Numbering-Functions -

Graphs - Number of graphs-Range- Categories - Frequency distribution tables-Frequency curves-

Measures of central tendency-Harmonic and geometric - and quadratic - Scattering parameters - Exchange

and compatibility- Variance- Standard deviation - Standard error-Link- Regression coefficient - Sampling

theory - Probability theory - Confidence limits. Binomial distribution, natural distribution, Poisson

distribution, and the distribution of stodent, Moral tests, T test

Cytology /BIO209-3

Historical introduction on the development of the cytology-The basic methods for studing of cytology-The

different types of the Microscopes-Structure of Bacterial, plant and animal Cells-The chemical structure of the

cell-Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell-The cell cycle-The cell division (Mitosis and Meiosis)-The different types

of the cells and its functions-Apoptosis of the cell

Antimicrobials / BIO445-3

Introduction and classification of antimicrobial agents (Antibiotics and there types)-Antibiotics as

inhibitors of cell wall synthesis (Types - Mode of actions -Resistance mechanism)-Antibiotics as inhibitors

of proteins synthesis (Types - Mode of actions-Resistance mechanism)-Antibiotics as inhibitors of

DNA synthesis (Types-Mode of actions- Resistance mechanism)-Antibiotics as inhibitors of

RNA synthesis (Types - Mode of actions - Resistance mechanism)-Antiseptics (Types - Mode of actions-

Resistance mechanism)-Natural and chemical preservatives (Types - Mode of actions).

Bacteriology / BIO340-3

History of Microbiology- Bacterial Ecology - Different types of bacteria. General structure of the bacterial

cell (size, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, cytoplasm, nucleic acid, ribosome, pili, flagella)-Gram-

positive and Gram-negative bacteria, comparison of the structure of the wall of Eubacteria and

archaebacteria, role of the bacterial wall, mycoplasma-Nomenclature and classification of bacteria,

Identification of bacteria by classical and molecular techniques-Mobility in bacteria-Growth kinetics and

replication of bacteria-Sporulation of bacteria-Genetics of bacteria: Conjugation, transduction and

transformation-Importance of bacteria in food, industry, environment and biotechnology

Food Microbiology / BIO450-3

Introduction and describe the course specifications - basics of food-microbiology- Nutrients in food-

Important microbial groups in foods-Factors affecting microbial growth in foods-Microbial contamination

of foods-Microbial spoilage of foods-Foodborne pathogens - Food poisoning-Control of microbial growth

in foods (Food preservation)-Useful uses of microorganisms in foods

Graduation Project / BIO419-3

Definition of scientific research-How to choose the research point of interest-Design the research plan for

article or dissertation-Preparation and discussion of the proposal-Literature collection method-Design of

the experiment and estimating the methods-Collecting and analyzing experimental data-Writing and

presenting the results and how to discuss it-Reviewing the manuscript and introduce final form-Scientific

publishing

Immunology / BIO446-3

Introduction (Definition of immunology an serology - structure and components of the immune system-

the fields of desirable and undesirable immunity-Mechanisms of action and types of immune (innate and

acquired)-Natural immunity-cells - elements- the resulting diseases-How microbes avoid the natural

immunity-Study lymphatic system- properties and types of Antigens-The acquired immunity -elements-

cells-Means and mechanisms for microbes to avoid the adaptive immunity-The body's resistance to

different microbes-immune responses-Humeral immunity-Immunoglobulin (types, structure and

functions)-Cellular immune response-cytokines Antineoplastic immunity-Tumoral antigens-Immune

response to antigens of tumors.

Food Safety / BIO451-3

Introduction and describe the course specifications - Scientific expressions in food safety (Contaminant-

contamination-Cleaning-disinfection- Establishment Food hygiene -Hazards -HACCP - Food handler -

Food safety -Food suitability -Quality assurance-Standardization …etc.)-Private, national, and

international food-safety standards-Microbial hazards in Foods (pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and

parasites)-Niche environments and biofilms-Contamination of raw materials - Post-processing

contamination-Chemical hazards in Foods (Pesticides-heavy metals and corrosion-residue of detergents,

cleaning compounds, drain cleaners, polishers, and sanitizers-natural toxins- allergens)-Physical hazards

in Foods (Foreign matters in foods -biological matters-metals-glasses …etc.)-Good manufacture practices

(GMPs) in food industry-Personal hygiene-Cleaning-Sanitation- Establishment: design and facilities-

Training-Hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) system-Food safety management (ISO 22000

family)-Current and future implications concerning food safety and hazards

Industrial Microbiology/ BIO440-3

Introduction and describe the course specifications-Fermentation & Respiration in microorganisms-

Nutrient requirements of microorganisms-Industrial raw materials used for culturing microorganisms-

Growth kinetics and Scaling-up the optimum growth conditions from laboratory to industrial scale-

Culturing Methods (Feed batch - continuous culture - Incremental feeding)-Biomass production-Single

cell protein and oil-Microbial production of vitamins-Microbial production of antibiotics-Microbial

production of organic solvents-Microbial production of organic acids-Microbial production of Vaccines,

steroids and alkaloids

Medical Microbiology / BIO448-3

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasitic protozoa and prions that cause human disease -Key examples of

infectious diseases relevant to the global population including emerging diseases, and disease

epidemiology-Methods for identifying pathogens-Microbiology-related practical skills including safe

handling of microbes in the laboratory - Medical experimental design and data interpretation.

Medical Parasitology / BIO342-3

Introduction and some definitions in medical parasitology-Parasitic Protozoa-Parasitic Platyhelminthes-

Trematoda, Digenea-Cestoda-Cyclophyllidea-Parasitic Nemathelminthes-Ascaris sp., Trichuris trichura,

Toxocara sp.-Entrobious vermicularis, Hook worms, Strogyloides stercorlais-Dracunculus medinensis,

Trichinella spiralis-Filaria

Microbial toxins / BIO442-3

Introduction and some terms of toxicology science-Principal’s differentiations between the exotoxins and

endotoxins-Classifying of exotoxins according to its mechanism of action-Endotoxins and enterotoxins and how

to act?. Examples for microbes produced such these toxins-Toxins produced by bacteria and their characteristic

and mode of actions-Toxins produced by streptococcal bacteria, Identification, Diseases, and Treatment-

Botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum and Tetanus caused by Clostridium tetani, Identification,

Toxins, Diseases, and Treatment-Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis Identification, Toxins, Diseases, and

Treatment-Escherichia coli, Salmonella,and Shigella, Identification, Virulence Determinants, Mechanism

of Pathogenesis, and Treatment-Fungal toxins and fungi produced such toxins and factors affect them-The fungi

that produce aflatoxin, characteristics and biological diagnosis-Algal harmful, and types of toxins produced by

it-Some examples on algal genera produced toxins-Relationships of toxins with types of cancer.

Micralgae/ BIO351-3

Introduction and definition knows microalgae-General characteristics of microalgae -The general structure

of the algae and reproduction methods-The classification of Algae and Distribution of microalgae-in

different environments-General characteristics of the Division of Cyanophyta and studying reproduction

type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Euglenophyta and studying reproduction

type of some genera-General characteristics of the Division of Prochlorophyta & Pyrrophyta and studying

reproduction type of some micro-genera-General characteristics of the Division of Chrysophyta &

Xanthophyta and studying reproduction type of some genera-General application uses of micro-algae and

their products in industry, agriculture, medical-Toxin production by cyanobacteria-Toxin production by

pyrrophyta.

Microbial Genetics / BIO345-3

Types of a genetic variation in various organisms-Regulation and composition of genetic and microbial

genetic materials in viruses, bacteria and fungi-Genetic mapping of genes-Methods of transmission of

genetic information-Gene expression-Mutagenesis, induction, isolation and characterization of microbial

mutants-Genetic basis of Recombination in bacteria-Molecular basis of DNA repair in bacteria-Gene

expression. Transcription of genes in bacteria-Transcription of genes in fungi-Regulation of gene

expression in bacteria and translation-Gene transfer- Transformation, Transduction and Conjugation-

Application of microbial genetics to various sectors of the medicine, agriculture, food, environment and

industry

Microbial Ecology/BIO350-2

History of the evolution and the importance of the microbes-Determine the number of microbes, biomass

and activities-The proliferation of different microbes in different environmental circles-Study the

microbial communities-Overlapping, interaction and activities between the microbes-Relationship of

microbes and other living organisms (plant, animal and human)-Biodegradation of chemicals such as

pesticides, organic carbon and petroleum by using non-harmful bacteria and fungi.

Microbial Physiology / BIO343-3

Nutrition and cultivation of microorganisms, nutritional requirements, culture media, common ingredients

used in media, buffers, types of media, pure culture, aerated culture, anaerobic cultivation-Sources of

energy, carbon and electrons, nutritional types of microorganisms-Transport of nutrients-Growth and

reproduction of microorganisms, types of microbial cultivations, methods of estimating microbial growth-

Microbial enzymes, characteristics of enzymes, classification of enzymes, enzyme kinetics-Regulation of

metabolism-Bioenergetics and microbial metabolism, Free-energy change, coupling reactions, oxidation-

reduction reactions, electron path, components of the electron transport system, phosphorylation, basic of

bioenergy conversion-Energy production and carbohydrate breakdown, pathways of hexose breakdown,

glycolysis, pentose-phosphate pathway, Entner and Doudoroff pathway, Citric acid cycle-Electron

transport under anaerobic conditions-Inorganic hydrogen donor-Carbon dioxide fixation and molecular

nitrogen fixation-Biosynthesis of low molecular weight building blocks-Effect of physical and

environmental factors on microbial growth-Effect of chemicals on microbial growth

Microbial Plant Pathology/ BIO328-3

The history of Phytopathology-Principles of Plant Pathology-Plant disease losses and distribution of

pathogens-economic importance-Division of Plant Diseases-Symptoms of plant Diseases-Spread of

microbial plant pathology -Effect of Environmental conditions on Plant diseases-Causal agent of Microbial

Plant Pathology - Microbial parasitism- The phases of the disease cycle-The Diagnosis of Microbial plant

diseases-Methods of Plant disease Controlling-Fungal plant diseases: Damping-off diseases and their

disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Blights and leaf spots diseases- Post-harvest and storage diseases

and their disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Downy and Powdery mildews diseases and their disease

cycles-Fungal plant diseases: Rusts and Smuts diseases and their disease cycles-Fungal plant diseases:

vascular wilt diseases and their disease cycles-Bacterial and Phytoplasma plant diseases (importance,

nature) Examples of the most important bacterial and Phytoplasma plant diseases-Plant viral and viroid

diseases-General discussions

Mycology/ BIO337-3

Introduction and definition of fungi-The general composition of the fungal cell and methods of sexual and

asexual reproduction of fungi-Basics of fungal classification and the distribution of fungi in various

environments-The general characteristics of Myxomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles

and their disease-The general characteristics of Oomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles

and their disease-The general characteristics of Zygmycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles-

The general characteristics of Ascomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and their

disease-The general characteristics of Basidomycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles-The

general characteristics of Deuteromycetes and study of some genera and their life cycles and their disease-

The importance of fungi.

Petroleum Microbiology /BIO444-3

Introduction and theories of petroleum formation-Methods for oil recovery and production-Role of certain

microorganisms in enhanced oil recovery-Role of certain microorganisms in biodegradation and removal

of oil contaminants in various environments-Role of certain microorganisms in microbial influenced

corrosion

Soil Microbiology/ BIO353-3

Introduction & soil types, microorganisms present-Methods for soil sample collection and analysis-Role

of certain microorganisms in soil fertility-Role of certain microorganisms in decomposition of organic

matter and minimization-Role of certain microorganisms in nitrogen fixation, nitrification-Organic

fertilizer preparation and applications

Virology / BIO341-3

Introduction and course objectives-Viral history and discovering - Differences between virus and other

plant pathogens & between viruses and cell and its chromosome-Viruses structure and its shapes-Chemical

structure of virusesFunction of virus components-Types of viral nucleic acids and their shapes-Taxonomy

of viruses-Virus replication-Nature and type of viral infection-Viruses interaction and models of some

viral diseases

Serology of viruses

Water Microbiology/ BIO449-3

Introduction towater microbiology-Microorganisms important in sewage systems-Ecology of

microorganisms in fresh water and polluted water-Purification of water-Diseases transmitted by water-

Microbiology examination of water-Treatment of sewage water and municipal water-Biological oxygen

demand and chemical oxygen demand

Yeasts / BIO327-3

Definition, Classification and Nomenclature of the Yeasts-Ascomycetous Taxa (Teleomorphic and

anamorphic Ascomycetous genera and species)-Basidiomycetous Taxa (Teleomorphic and anamorphic

Basidiomycetous genera and species)-Yeast ecology and cytology, isolation, identification,

characterization and maintenance-Growth kinetics of bacteria-Physiology and metabolic pathways

(carbohydrate, protein, and lipid)-Pathogenic yeasts-Use of yeast in industry.