Iim vs Harvard

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1. Introduction

Harvard University is aprivateIvy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts,

U.S. Established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature, Harvard is the oldest institution of

higher learning in the United States and the first corporation (officially The President and

Fellows of Harvard College) chartered in the country. Harvard's history, influence, and wealth

have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world.

Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard. Although it was never formally

affiliated with a church, the college primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy.

Harvard's curriculum and students became increasingly secular throughout the 18th century and

by the 19th century had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston

elites. Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's forty year tenure (1869

1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a centralized research

university, and Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American

Universities in 1900. James Bryant Conant led the university through the Great

Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions

after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger

with Radcliffe College. Drew Gilpin Faust was elected the 28th president in 2007 and is the

first woman to lead the university. Harvard has the largestfinancial endowment of any

academic institution in the world, standing at $27.4 billion as of September 2010.

The university comprises eleven separate academic units ten faculties and the Radcliffe

Institute for Advanced Study with campuses throughout the Boston metropolitan

area. Harvard's 210-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge,

approximately 3.4 miles (5.5 km) northwest of downtown Boston. Thebusiness school and

athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located across the Charles

Riverin Allston and the medical, dental, andpublic health schools are located in the Longwood

Medical Area.

As of 2010, Harvard employs about 2,100 faculty to teach and advise approximately 6,700

undergraduates (Harvard College) and 14,500 graduate and professional students.[13] Eight U.S.

Presidents have graduated from Harvard and 75Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the

university as students, faculty, or staff. Harvard is also the alma materof sixty-two living

billionaires, the most in the country. The Harvard University
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the emergence of the Boston Brahmin class. On the other hand, the theological conservatives

used print media to argue for the maintenance of open debate and democratic governance

through a diverse public sphere, seeing the liberals' movement as an attempt to create a cultural

oligarchy in opposition to Congregationalist tradition and republican political principles.

In 1846, the natural history lectures ofLouis Agassiz were acclaimed both in New York and on

the campus at Harvard College. Agassiz's approach was distinctly idealist and posited

Americans' 'participation in the Divine Nature' and the possibility of understanding 'intellectual

existences.' Agassiz's perspective on science combined observation with intuition and the

assumption that one can grasp the 'divine plan' in all phenomena. When it came to explaining

life-forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on a presumed archetype for his

evidence. This dual view of knowledge was in concert with the teachings ofCommon SenseRealism derived from Scottish philosophers Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart, whose works

were part of the Harvard curriculum at the time. The popularity of Agassiz's efforts to 'soar

with Plato' probably also derived from other writings to which Harvard students were exposed,

including Platonic treatises by Ralph Cudworth, John Norris, and, in a Romantic vein, Samuel

Coleridge. The library records at Harvard reveal that the writings of Plato and his early modern

and Romantic followers were almost as regularly read during the 19th century as those of the

'official philosophy' of the more empirical and more deistic Scottish school.

Charles W. Eliot, president 18691909, eliminated the favoured position of Christianity from

the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction. While Eliot was the most crucial

figure in the secularization of American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to

secularize education, but by Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions. Derived from William

Ellery Channing andRalph Waldo Emerson, these convictions were focused on the dignity and

worth of human nature, the right and ability of each person to perceive truth, and the indwelling

God in each person.

2.3 Twentieth Century

During the 20th century, Harvard's international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment

and prominent professors expanded the university's scope. Explosive growth in the student

population continued with the addition of new graduate schools and the expansion of the
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undergraduate program.Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard

College, became one of the most prominent schools for women in the United States.

2.3.1 Meritocracy

James Bryant Conant (president, 19331953) reinvigorated creative scholarship to guarantee its

pre-eminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity

for the talented rather than an entitlement for the wealthy, so Conant devised programs to

identify, recruit, and support talented youth. In 1943, he asked the faculty make a definitive

statement about what general education ought to be, at the secondary as well as the college

level. The resultingReport, published in 1945, was one of the most influential manifestos in the

history of American education in the 20th century.

In 19451960 admissions policies were opened up to bring in students from a more diverse

applicant pool. No longer drawing mostly from rich alumni of select New England prep

schools, the undergraduate college was now open to striving middle class students from public

schools; many more Jews and Catholics were admitted, but few blacks, Hispanics or Asians.

2.3.2 Women

Women remained segregated at Radcliffe, though more and more took Harvard classes.

Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population remained predominantly male, with about

four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the

merger of Harvard and Radcliffe admissions in 1977, the proportion of female undergraduates

steadily increased, mirroring a trend throughout higher education in the United States.

Harvard's graduate schools, which had accepted females and other groups in greater numbers

even before the college, also became more diverse in the post-World War II period.

In 1999, Radcliffe College, founded in 1879 as the "Harvard Annex for Women", merged

formally with Harvard University, becoming the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. Drew

Gilpin Faust, the Dean at Radcliffe, became the first woman president of Harvard in 2007.

2.3.3 Liberalism

Harvard and its affiliates, like many American universities, are considered by some to be

politicallyliberal (left of center). Conservative authorWilliam F. Buckley, Jr.quipped that he

would rather be governed by the first 2000 names in the Boston phone book than by the
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Harvard has a friendly rivalry with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which dates

back to 1900 when a merger of the two schools was frequently discussed and at one point

officially agreed upon (ultimately cancelled by Massachusetts courts). Today, the two schools

cooperate as much as they compete, with many joint conferences and programs, including

theHarvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, the Broad Institute, the

Harvard-MIT Data Center and formerly the Dibner Institute for the History of Science and

Technology. In addition, students at the two schools can cross-registerin undergraduate or

graduate classes without any additional fees, for credits toward their own school's degrees.

3.1 Organizations

3.1.1 Governing bodies

Harvard is governed by two boards, one of which is the President and Fellows of Harvard

College, also known as the Harvard Corporation, founded in 1650, and the other is the Harvard

Board of Overseers. The President of Harvard University is the day-to-day administrator of

Harvard and is appointed by and responsible to the Harvard Corporation. There are 16,000 staff

and faculty.

3.1.2 Faculties and schools

Harvard today has the following faculties, listed below in order of foundation:

(i) The Faculty of Arts and Sciences and its sub-faculty, the School of Engineering and

Applied Sciences, which together serve:

Harvard College, the university's undergraduate portion (1636)

The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (organized 1872)

The Harvard Division of Continuing Education, including Harvard Summer

School (1871) and Harvard Extension School (1910).

(ii) Harvard Medical School (1782)

(iii) Harvard School of Dental Medicine (1867).

(iv) Harvard Divinity School (1816)

(v) Harvard Law School (1817)

(vi) Harvard Business School (1908)
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(vii)Graduate School of Design (1914)

(viii) Harvard Graduate School of Education (1920)

(ix) Harvard School of Public Health (1922)

(x) Harvard Kennedy School (1936)

3.2 Endowment

Harvard has the largest university endowment in the world. At the end of June 2009, it was

worth $25.7 billion, about 30% less than at the same time in 2008. In December 2008, Harvard

announced that its endowment had lost 22% (approximately $8 billion) from July to October

2008, necessitating budget cuts. Later reports suggest the loss was actually more than double

that figure, a reduction of nearly 50% of its endowment in the first four months alone. Forbes in

March 2009 estimated the loss to be in the range of $12 billion. One of the most visible results

of Harvard's attempt to re-balance its budget was their halting of construction of the $1.2

billion Allston Science Complex that had been scheduled to be completed by 2011, resulting in

protests from local residents.

Large endowments like Harvard's have been criticized for "hoarding" money. Most

philanthropies are required by federal law to distribute 5% of their assets per year, but

university endowments are not required to spend anything. Many universities with very large

endowments would require an expenditure of less than 5% of their endowment to cover full

tuition for all their students. For example, it has been estimated that if in 2006 all the Harvard

students paid the maximum in tuition and fees, it would amount to less than $300 million. In

2007, if Harvard had allocated 6% of its $34.6 billion endowment toward tuition,[56] all Harvard

undergraduate and graduate students could attend for free and the university would still have

$1.3 billion left over. It would require less than 1% of the endowments of Harvard and Yale to

allow all students to attend tuition-free; Stanford,MIT, Princeton and Rice would require less

than 2% of their endowments and 29 schools would require less than 3% for all their students

to attend tuition-free. Despite the decreasing values of endowments, congressmen,

including Charles Grassley, have questioned whether the endowments are contributing enough

to maintain their tax-exempt status. Peter Hotez ofGeorge Washington University has claimed

that pharmaceutical companies are contributing more to the poorest people than are wealthy

universities.
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4. Campus

Harvard's 210-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge,

approximately 3.4 miles (5.5 km) northwest of downtownBoston and extends into the

surrounding Harvard Square neighborhood. Harvard Yard itself contains the central

administrative offices and main libraries of the university, academic buildings includingSever

HallandUniversity Hall, Memorial Church, and the majority of the freshman dormitories.

Sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduates live in twelve residential Houses, nine of which

are south of Harvard Yard along or near theCharles River. The other three are located in a

residential neighborhood half a mile northwest of the Yard at theQuadrangle(commonly

referred to as the Quad), which formerly housed Radcliffe College students until Radcliffe

merged its residential system with Harvard. TheHarvard MBTA station provides publictransportation via bus service and theRed Line subway.

4.1 Sustainability

In 2000, Harvard hired a full-time campus sustainability professional and launched the Harvard

Green Campus Initiative, since institutionalized as the Office for Sustainability (OFS). With a

full-time staff of 25, dozens of student interns, and a $12 million Loan Fund for energy and

water conservation projects, OFS is one of the most advanced campus sustainability programs

in the country. Harvard was one of 27 schools to receive a grade of "A-" from the Sustainable

Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card 2010, the highest grade

awarded.

5. Academics

Harvard is a large, highly residential research university. The university has been accredited by

the New England Association of Schools and Colleges since 1929. The university offers 46undergraduate concentrations (majors),134 graduate degrees, and 32 professional degrees. For

the 20082009 academic year, Harvard granted 1,664 baccalaureate degrees, 400 masters

degrees, 512 doctoral degrees, and 4,460 professional degrees.

The four year, full-time undergraduate program comprises a minority of enrollments at the

university and emphasizes instruction with an "arts & sciences focus". Between 1978 and 2008,

entering students were required to complete a "Core Curriculum" of seven classes outside of

their concentration. Since 2008, undergraduate students have been required to complete courses

in eight General Education categories: Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding, Culture and
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Belief, Empirical and Mathematical Reasoning, Ethical Reasoning, Science of Living Systems,

Science of the Physical Universe, Societies of the World, and United States in the

World. Harvard offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program and there is a high level of

coexistence between graduate and undergraduate degrees. The Carnegie Foundation for the

Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for

its reliance on teaching fellows for some aspects of undergraduate education; they consider this

to adversely affect the quality of education.

Harvard's academic programs operate on a semester calendarbeginning in early September and

ending in mid-May. Undergraduates typically take four half-courses per term and must

maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full time. In many concentrations, students

can elect to pursue a basic program or a honors-eligible program requiring a senior thesisand/or advanced course work. Students graduating in the top 4-5% of the class are awarded

degreessumma cum laude, students in the next 15% of the class are awarded magna cum laude,

and the next 30% of the class are awarded cum laude. Harvard has chapters of academic honor

societies such as Phi Beta Kappa and various committees and departments also award several

hundred named prizes annually. Harvard, along with other universities, has been accused

ofgrade inflation, although there is evidence that the quality of the student body and its

motivation have also increased. Harvard College reduced the number of students who

receive Latin honors from 90% in 2004 to 60% in 2005. Moreover, the honors of "John

Harvard Scholar" and "Harvard College Scholar" will now be given only to the top 5 percent

and the next 5 percent of each class.

Undergraduate tuition for the 20092010 school year was $33,696 and the total cost with fees,

room, and board was $48,868. Under financial aid guidelines adopted in 2007, parents in

families with incomes of less than $60,000 will no longer be expected to contribute any money

to the cost of attending Harvard for their children, including room and board. Families withincomes in the $60,000 to $80,000 range contribute an amount of only a few thousand dollars a

year. In December 2007, Harvard announced that families earning between $120,000 and

$180,000 will only have to pay up to 10% of their annual household income towards tuition. In

2009, Harvard offered grants totaling $414.1 million across all 11 divisions; $339.5 million

came from institutional funds, $35.3 million from federal support, and $39.2 million from other

outside support. Grants total 87.7% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students, with aid also

provided by loans (8.4%) and work-study (3.9%).
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5.1 Rankings

Harvard's undergraduate program is ranked first among "National Universities" byU.S. News

& World Report and eighth byForbes. The university is ranked ninth nationally byThe

Washington Monthly.

Internationally, Harvard is ranked first in the Times Higher Education World University

Rankings and second in the QS World University Rankings. When the two lists were published

in partnership between 2004 and 2009 as the Times Higher Education-QS World University

Rankings, Harvard was ranked first each year. Harvard is ranked first by the Academic

Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), a position it has held since the first ARWU rankings

were released in 2003. In its individual subject tables, ARWU ranked Harvard first in natural

sciences and mathematics, life and agricultural sciences, clinical medicine and pharmacy, social

sciences, and 42nd in engineering/technology and computer sciences. In individual fields in

2010, Harvard is ranked first in Physics and Economics/Business, second in Chemistry, third in

Mathematics, and ninth in Computer Science in the world. In the 2009 QS Global 200 Business

Schools Report, Harvard was ranked first in North America. In 2010, according to University

Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP), Harvard is the best overall university in the

world.

In 2010 Harvard University was, for its excellence in co-operation projects with the corporate

world globally and especially in the US, chosen to be a part of the BBNM Group. They are

currently represented among the BBNM Member schools.

5.2 Research

Berkman Center for Internet & Society

Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

Harvard Clinical Research Institute

Harvard Institute of Economic Research

Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute

Institute for Quantitative Social Science

Laboratory for Nanomedicine (at the Harvard Medical School-affiliated Brigham and

Women's Hospital)

Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies (one of Harvard's 14 schools)
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Schepens Eye Research Institute

W. E. B. Du Bois Institute for African and African-American Research

Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering

5.2.1 Research centers attached to schools and departments

Department of Psychology: Prosopagnosia Research Centers at Harvard University and

University College London

Graduate School of Design: Center for Alternative Futures, Joint Center for Housing

Studies, Center for Technology & the Environment

Harvard Law School: Charles Hamilton Houston Institute for Race and Justice, Institute

for Global Law & Policy (former European Law Research Center), John M. Olin Center

of Law, Economics and Business

5.2.2 Independent organizations affiliated to the university

The Forsyth Institute

5.3 Libraries and museums

The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yardand

comprises over 80 individual libraries and over 15 million volumes. According to the American

Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and the

third largest library in the country. Harvard describes its library as the "largest academic library

in the world".

Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular

libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare

books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton

Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America,

and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's

oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library

and open to the public. The largest collection ofEast-Asian language material outside of East

Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.

6. Students
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Demographics of student body

Undergraduate Graduate Professional U.S. Census

Black/Non-Hispanic 8% 3% 6% 12.1%

Asian/Pacific Islander 17% 9% 12% 4.3%White/Non-Hispanic 42% 42% 43% 65.8%

Hispanic 7% 3% 5% 14.5%

Native American 1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.9%

International Students 11% 33% 22% N/A

In the last six years, Harvard's student population ranged between 19,000 and 21,000, across all

programs. Harvard enrolled 6,655 students in undergraduate programs, 3,738 students in

graduate programs, and 10,722 students in professional programs. The undergraduate

population is 51% female, the graduate population is 48% female, and the professional

population is 49% female.

Undergraduate admission to Harvard is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation as "more

selective, lower transfer-in". Harvard College received 27,462 applications for admission to the

Class of 2013, 2,175 were admitted (7.9%), and 1,658 enrolled (76.2%).The interquartile

range on the SAT was 20802370 and 95% of first year students graduated in the top tenth oftheir high school class. Harvard also enrolled 266 National Merit Scholars, the most in the

nation. 88% of students graduate within 4 years and 98% graduate within 6 years.

Harvard College accepted 6.9% of applicants for the class of 2014, a record low for the school's

entire history. The number of acceptances was lower for the class of 2013 partially because the

university anticipated increased rates of enrolment after announcing a large increase in

financial aid in 2008. Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007 as the

program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicantsapplying to selective universities. However, undergraduate admissions office'spreference for

children of alumni policies have been the subject of scrutiny and debate as it primarily aids

whites and the wealthy.

7. Alumni

Among the best-known people who have attended Harvard University are American political

leaders Theodore Roosevelt,Franklin Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy,Al Gore, George W. Bush
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and Barack Obama. UN Secretary GeneralBan Ki-moon; philosopherHenry David Thoreau;

poets Wallace Stevens,T. S. Eliot andE. E. Cummings; Facebook creatorMark Zuckerberg;

Among its most famous current faculty members are economistsAmartya Sen,N. Gregory

Mankiw, political political scientists Robert Putnam, Joseph Nye, and Stanley Hoffmann etc.

After having gone through the history of Harvard University, the schools it has under it,

academics, students composition and alumni let us now study one of its prestigious school viz.

The Harvard Business School to enable us to undertake a comparison with Indian Institute of

Management- Ahmedabad.

8. HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL

HBS is the graduatebusiness school ofHarvard University in Boston, Massachusetts, and is

widely recognized as one of the top business schools in the world. The school offers a full-

time MBA program, doctoral programs, and many executive education programs. It

ownsHarvard Business School Publishing, which publishes business books, online

management tools for corporate learning, case studies, and the monthlyHarvard Business

Review. It is ranked 2nd among U.S. business schools by U.S. News & World Report,1st by

the QS Global 200 Business Schools Report, 2nd byBloomberg BusinessWeek, 3rd byForbes,

and 14th byThe Wall Street Journal. Internationally, it is ranked 3rd in the world by

theFinancial Times, 5th in the world by The Economist, and 21st in the world by The Wall

Street Journal. Three HBS professors, Mikolaj Piskorski, Zeynep Ton, and Anita Elberse, were

recently named the 40 Best B-School Professors Under the Age of 40 by Poets & Quants.

"HSW" is an initialism referring to the "Top Three MBA programs": Harvard, Stanford, and

Wharton (University of Pennsylvania). These programs are commonly known for being on a

league of their own in comparison to the rest of the MBA programs.

8.1 History

Founded in 1908, HBS started with 59 students. Once it innovated the case method of research

and teaching in 1920, HBS ramped up the class size which reached 500 students during the

decade. In 1926, the school moved from the Cambridge side of the Charles Riverto its present

location in Allston (part ofBoston)hence the custom of faculty and students referring to the
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rest of Harvard University as "across the river." Women were first admitted to its regular two-

yearMaster in Business Administration (MBA) program with the Class of 1965

8.2 Academic Programmes

8.2.1 MBA Programmes

HBS offers a two-year full time MBA program, which consists of one year of mandatory

courses (Required Curriculum) and one year of unrestricted course selection (Elective

Curriculum). Some students are also invited to attend two three-week pre-MBA programs that

take place at the end of the summer before the Required Curriculum. Admission is highly

selective, with an admissions rate of 12% for the class of 2010.The student body is

international and diverse, with 67% of students who are citizens of the United States. Women

comprise 38% of the class of 2010.Graduates of the Harvard Business graduate with a general

management degree and not a particular specialization in a field.

The Required Curriculum consists of two semesters. The first semester focuses primarily on

the internal aspects of the company and includes the courses Technology and Operations

Management, Marketing, Financial Reporting and Control, Leadership and Organizational

Behaviour, and Finance I. The second semester focuses on the external aspects and includes thecourses Business, Government, and the International Economy, Strategy, The Entrepreneurial

Manager, Negotiations, Finance II, and Leadership and Corporate Accountability.

The Elective Curriculum can be chosen from among 96 courses. The diverse selection includes

courses such as: Agribusiness, Doing Business in China, Building and Sustaining a Successful

Enterprise, Managing in the Information Age, The Moral Leader, Entrepreneurship in

Education Reform, Venture Capital and Private Equity, Business at the Base of the Pyramid,

Consumer Marketing, Retailing, Power and Influence, Managing Medicine, Supply Chain

Management, and Corporate Strategy. The students assign each course a priority and the

courses are filled through a lottery system based on student priority and class availability.

Elective curriculum students can also complete a field study or independent student research

project in lieu of a class. Field studies allow students to work together in a team closely with

faculty members to launch a product, develop a new business, or research a real world issue.

Independent student research projects provide an opportunity for a student to work with a

faculty member to develop deep insights on a particular topic of interest. These options allow
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students to create a second year curriculum that is aligned with their personal and professional

interests.

Current MBA classes have a size of approximately 900 students, divided into ten sections (A

J) of 90 students. Each section takes classes together the first year, with the intention of

forming deep social bonds. At the beginning of the first year, all students are assigned to

learning teams consisting of six students from different sections. These learning teams are

intended to meet daily throughout the first year to prepare each day's class assignment;

however, many learning teams stop meeting before the end of the second semester. Graduation

rates are approximately 98%. Teaching is almost exclusively (95%) done through case

teaching (also referred to as the Socratic method), where the students prepare teaching

cases and discuss them in class, with a professor as moderator and facilitator. There is an

Education Representative role in each section whose role it is to develop an appropriate

learning environment and effective relationships between the students and faculty and between

students themselves given the diversity within the section (students from a broad range of

industries, undergraduate schools, ethnic backgrounds, geographies, etc.).

MBA students at Harvard are graded on a curve. In most courses, the grade consists of roughly

50% class participation and 50% final exam or paper. In a few cases (primarily in the RC year),

there may be a few brief exercises or a midterm that typically account for no more than 20% of

final grade in a given course. The top 1520% of the class receive "1s" (instead of A's), the

middle 7075% receive "2s", and the bottom 10% receive "3s". If a student receives more than

a certain number of "3s" in the first semester of the Required Curriculum, he or she receives an

academic warning. The student is offered help, in the form of academic counselling and tutors

to improve his academic performance. The fact that most MBA students at Harvard have been

at the top of their classes in undergraduate schools and high schools makes it more competitive.

However, it is said that the relationships between students are not as cutthroat as rumoured and

that it is quite a friendly and collaborative learning environment.8.2.2 Academic Honours

The top academic honor at HBS is the Baker Scholar designation (High Distinction), given to

the top 5% of the graduating MBA class. In a typical year a Baker Scholar will have achieved

"1s" in approximately 7075% of his or her course credits. Students receiving honors (top

20%) in both their first and second years are awarded the MBA degree with Distinction.
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Boston (Healthcare), India, Israel, Middle East, Mexico, New Orleans, and Silicon Valley.

Supplemental financial aid is available to eligible students.

8.2.5 The Arthur Rock Center for Entrepreneurship

The Arthur Rock Center for Entrepreneurship was made possible through the generosity of

pioneering venture capitalist Arthur Rock(MBA 51). In 2003, Rock donated $25 million to

HBS to support faculty and their research, fellowships for MBA and doctoral students,

entrepreneurship symposia and conferences, and new outreach efforts to extend the impact of

the School's work. Excellence in the research and teaching of entrepreneurship has long been

an important part of the history of HBS, and Arthur Rock has ensured that the School will

continue to produce leading intellectual capital in this field for generations to come. All ofHBS's work in the entrepreneurship arena is now under the umbrella of the Rock Center.

8.2.6 Business Plan Contest

The HBS Business Plan Contest is jointly sponsored by HBS's Arthur Rock Center for

Entrepreneurship, the HBS Entrepreneurship Club and the Social Enterprise Club. The contest

consists of the "traditional" for-profit track and the "social enterprise" track, for those plans

with an explicitly social agenda. Teams are required to contain at least one current HBS student

in the MBA program. All teams that meet the entry criteria are eligible for reimbursement of

up to $1,000 for basic costs associated with preparing their plans. The winner of the traditional

track contest wins the Dubilier Prize, including $25,000 in cash, $25,000 of in-kind (legal and

accounting) services, and free office space in Cambridge for 100 days. The winner of the social

enterprise track also receives the Peter M. Sacerdote Prize, including $25,000 in cash and

$25,000 in-kind services. Three runners-up from the traditional track each receive the Satchu-

Burgstone Entrepreneurship Award, including $10,000 in cash and $10,000 in-kind services.One runner up from the social enterprise track receives $10,000 in cash and $10,000 in-kind

services. In certain cases, a "specialty plan" prize may be awarded to a plan in the traditional

track that may simply require less capital and be targeting a smaller market, if such a plan is

not already among the winners. These winners also receive $10,000 in cash and $10,000 in-

kind services. The contest is now in its 12th year and has had a number of prominent

companies among its winners, including Bang Networks in 2000.

8.2.7 The Healthcare Initiative
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The Healthcare Initiative at HBS is a multidisciplinary program dedicated to innovative

thinking in the healthcare industry. Launched in 2005, the Initiative brings together the

extensive research, thought leadership, and interest in the business and management of

healthcare that exists at HBS. The core strengths of HBS, its general management and

leadership-focused MBA program, its case method of teaching, and its global reach-coupled

with the industry focus provided through the Healthcare Initiative, result in superior

educational and career opportunities for aspiring leaders in the healthcare industry. In addition

to the Healthcare Initiative, the student-run Healthcare Club is the second largest and most

active club at HBS. The mission of the Healthcare Club is to provide a forum for students to

learn about the business of healthcare, to interact with other students who are interested in

healthcare, and to meet with leaders and key decision makers in the healthcare industry.

8.2.8 The Global Initiative

Established in 1996, the Global Initiative builds on a legacy of global engagement by

supporting the HBS community of faculty, students, and alumni in their work, encouraging a

global outlook in research, study, and practice. With its rich heritage of global leadership in

management education and research, HBS is deeply rooted in the international economy.

Working closely with companies, universities, and governments, the School and its faculty

help shape the perspective, knowledge, and insight of managers throughout the world.

To facilitate faculty research and case development on an international scale, HBS furthered its

impact by establishing six Global Research Centers in key regions around the world: Asia-

Pacific (Hong Kong and Japan), Europe, India, Latin America, and California. The Global

Research Centers strengthen faculty connections with businesses, people, and ideas beyond our

borders. This far-reaching network not only is unprecedented in higher education, but also is a

vital element in the creation of the School's intellectual capital. At any given time HBS

researchers are active in more than 40 countries.

8.2.9 The Leadership Initiative

A research-based initiative that bridges the gap between leadership theory and practice, the

Leadership Initiative at Harvard Business School was created as a catalyst to achieve the

School's mission "to educate leaders who make a difference in the world." Since its inception,

HBS has been committed to shaping business leaders with the integrity and capabilities to build


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world-class organizations. Today, the Leadership Initiative seeks to ensure that HBS remains at

the forefront of leadership research and development for the 21st century and beyond.

8.2.10 The Social Enterprise Initiative

Grounded in HBS's mission to educate leaders who make a difference in the world, the Social

Enterprise Initiative aims to inspire, educate, and support current and emerging leaders in all

sectors to apply management skills to create social value. Through an integrated approach to

social enterprise-related teaching, research, and activities at HBS, the Social Enterprise

Initiative engages with leaders in the non profit, forprofit, and public sectors to generate and

disseminate practicable resources, tools, and knowledge with the ultimate goal of bettering

society.

The Social Enterprise Initiative's strategic objectives range from building the world's best

faculty dedicated to social enterprise research and teaching to providing learning experiences

that not only increase the effectiveness of social-sector executives, but also tap into the

potential for social value creation among our entire community of students and alumni.

The Initiative was formed in 1993 by former Dean John H. McArthurand interested faculty

and staff with the initial support ofJohn C. Whitehead (MBA '47), whose career has spanned

leadership positions in the private, forprofit, and non profit sectors. Subsequent support from

numerous alumni has enabled the Social Enterprise Initiative to flourish at the School. The

impact of the Social Enterprise Initiative has manifested itself in a number of areas. At HBS,

these range from the participation of more than 75 faculty members in social enterprise

research and teaching, to the creation of over 400 social enterprise cases and teaching notes by

HBS faculty. Social enterprise perspectives are integrated into a broad range of classes and

case discussions, reflecting a real-world blending of business and social issues, and coursesfocusing on social enterprise are incorporated into the curriculum. Additionally, HBS offers a

number of career development programs designed to support students and alumni engaged

professionally in the social sector.

8.3 Doctoral Programmes

The mission of HBS's Doctoral Programs is to develop outstanding scholars for careers in

research and teaching at leading business schools and universities. Flexibility in learning,

independence in study, research with deep impact, notable faculty who are leaders in their
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_H._McArthurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Whiteheadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_H._McArthurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Whitehead


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fields, and the finest resources in academiathese qualities enable Harvard Business School to

offer highly regarded doctoral programs.

To ensure a solid foundation in management, all students (without an MBA degree) are

required to take at least five courses in the MBA curriculum. A deep knowledge of

management practicenot only in general, but also specific to a student's area of specialization

is a critical component of business doctoral education. These courses provide a valuable

source of research topics and institutional knowledge that will be important for future research

and teaching success in business schools. At the same time, a broad knowledge of business

ensures that students fully appreciate the interdependencies and complexity of management

problems and may introduce them to the possibility of interdisciplinary research.

All students are admitted for full-time degree programs, beginning in September. Students,

however, may begin the program in July, conducting research with an HBS faculty member. A

minimum of two years in residence is required, and it is expected that students will complete

their program in four to five years. Students typically spend two to two-and-a-half years on

course work, and another two years on their dissertation. For more information, please see

the PhD in Management section.

8.4 Executive Education

In addition to Master's and Doctoral degrees, HBS offers certificate executive programs which

confer alumni status to graduates:

the Advanced Management Program (AMP), the flagship eight-week intensive course

for senior board-level executives.

the General Management Program (GMP), which combines campus and distancelearning and is intended for middle managers; and

the Owner/President Management Program (OPM), a part-time, multi-year program for

Owner/President entrepreneurs, for which HBS explains that "admission is a selective

process based on professional achievement and organizational responsibility" and

clarifies that the criteria is "professionals who have demonstrated business talent and

leadership potential"
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Other Executive Education programs at HBS also award certificates to attendees, but unlike

those above do not confer alumni status (an exception is the Program for Leadership

Development, which also confers HBS alumni status if ten extra days of HBS executive

education are completed).

8.5 Campus

The HBS campus is located in Allston, across the Charles River from the main Harvard campus

in Cambridge. Many of the buildings have red-brick exteriors, as do many buildings in Harvard

Yard. HBS maintains a number of facilities, including a sports center and The Class of 1959

Chapel, that are dedicated for the exclusive use of its community. A series of underground

tunnels connects the basements of nearly every building on the campus, with the noticeable

exception of the more recent student housing facilities that are SFP (Soldier Field Park) and

OWA (One Western Avenue) buildings. Spangler Hall is widely considered HBS' main

building with student lounges, meeting rooms, administrative offices and dining facilities. Most

classrooms are located in Aldrich and Hawes, most of which are 100-student "amphi-theatre"

rooms with approximately five rows in a half circle. This design facilitates the teaching of the

case method. Baker Library was reopened in 2005 after several years of renovation. The new

building features student study spaces and faculty offices. The fitness center is located in Shad

Hall, across from Morgan Hall, which houses the majority of the faculty. Shad Hall is also the

location of the Computer Lab for Experimental Research (CLER) where many business

research studies are conducted. Closest to Charles Riverare MacArthur Hall and Baker Hall,

which accommodate the Executive Education programs, and several student dormitories.

8.6 Academic Units

The school's faculty are divided into ten academic units: Accounting and Management;

Business, Government and the International Economy; Entrepreneurial Management; Finance;

General Management; Marketing; Negotiation, Organizations & Markets; Organizational

Behavior; Strategy; and Technology and Operations Management.

8.7 Admissions

HBS looks for candidates who exhibit leadership potential, capacity for intellectual growth,

and the drive to make a difference in their communities. The school aims to attract students
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representing a wide range of interests, perspectives and experiences as reflected by its highly

diverse student body.

Each year, students representing more than seventy countries and a wide range of backgrounds

- ranging from professional sports, medicine and military to consulting and investment banking

- are selected at HBS.

To be considered for admission, a candidate must submit the following:

Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) or GRE scores

Responses to the application essay questions

Resume

Recommendations

Undergraduate academic transcript

TOEFL or IELTS score, if applicable

Non refundable U.S. $250 application fee (College seniors pay a reduced fee of $100)

There is no minimum work experience required, though work experience is highly

recommended to gain successful admission

A four-year undergraduate degree is required for admission

HBS offers joint degree programs with several other Harvard schools, including Harvard Law

School and the John F. Kennedy School of Government.

8.8 Donor Programmes

In 2010, the Tata Group gave HBS its biggest ever international donation of $50 million. A

new academic and residential building will be built and called Tata Hall.

8.9 Alumni

Following is a list of some of the names of notable alumni of HBS.

A. Sivathanu Pillai, '91 - CEO and MD of the BrahMos Aerospace and Chief Controller

of the DRDO, India.

David Viniar, '80 - CFO and Executive Vice President ofGoldman Sachs Fritz Henderson, former President and Chief Executive Officer ofGeneral Motors
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Law_Schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Law_Schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._Sivathanu_Pillaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BrahMos_Aerospace_Private_Limitedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRDOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Viniarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldman_Sachshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldman_Sachshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Hendersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Law_Schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Law_Schoolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._Sivathanu_Pillaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BrahMos_Aerospace_Private_Limitedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRDOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Viniarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldman_Sachshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Hendersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors


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Jeffrey Immelt, '82 - Chairman and CEO ofGeneral Electric

Michael Lynton, '87 - Chairman and CEO ofSony Pictures Entertainment

P Chidambaram, '68 - Union Minister of Home Affairs, India

Rahul Bajaj, '62 - CEO ofBajaj Auto Ratan Tata, '75 - Chairman and CEOTata Sons

Robert McNamara - formerSecretary of Defense and former President of the World

Bank

Y C Deveshwar, - Chairman and Chief Executive Officer ofITC Limited

9. THE INDIAN INSTIUTES OF MANAGEMENT

TheIndian Institutes of Management(IIMs), are graduate business schools in India, set up by

the Government of India, with the aim of identifying the brightest intellectual talentavailable in

the country and training them by the best management techniques available in the world, to

ultimately create a pool of elite managers to manage and lead the various sections of the Indian

economy. The IIMs are considered the top business schools in India. All the IIMs are

completely autonomous institutes owned and financed by the Central Government. The IIMs

have achieved a worldwide reputation as institutions offering a very high quality business

education.IIMs are societies established under various Societies Registration Acts, some underthe central act and others under State societys acts. Each Society has a Memorandum of

Association (MOA) and Rules. The MOA lays down the objects for which the Society was

established, and the Rules provide the system of governance of the IIM. The general

superintendence, direction and control of the affairs of the Society and its income and property

are vested in the Board of Governors or the Board. The MOA also contains certain specific

powers of the Central Government in respect of the Society.

The first IIM established was, IIIM Kolkata, followed by IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore and

others. At present there are 13 IIMs in India spread across various regions of the country. These

IIMs are :(1) IIM Kolkata
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(2) IIM Ahmedabad

(3) IIM Bangalore

(4) IIM Lucknow

(5) IIM Kozhikode

(6) IIM Indore

(7) IIM Shillong

(8) IIM Ranchi

(9) IIM Rohtak

(10) IIM Raipur

(11) IIM Udaipur

(12) IIM Tiruchirappalli

(13) IIM Kashipur

Indian Institute of Management- Ahmedabad

Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA) was set up by the Government of India in

collaboration with Government of Gujarat and Indian Industry as an autonomous Institute in

1961. Rated as Indias best and Asias foremost Business School, IIMA continues to be ranked

as one of the finest institutions in the world. IIMAs mission is to help India and other

developing countries improve their managerial practices both in the private and in the public

sector, and adopt superior public policies. It seeks to do this through producing risk-taking

leader-mangers who will pioneer new managerial practices and set new standards, through

producing teachers and researchers who will generate new idea of international significance,

and through purposeful consulting aimed at helping client organizations scale new heights.TheIIMs have a common entrance examination CAT and then, each IIM conducts separate

interviews of the students who qualify in the CAT.


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9.1 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF IIM-A

9.2 Organisational Strategy at Academic Level

IIM-A conducts its academic programmes through a number of clearly defined groups called

Areas. They consist of faculty members with broadly similar disciplinary backgrounds,

teaching, and research interests.Each faculty member has primary membership in an Area but

may, in addition, take secondary membership in other Areas. The chairperson of the Area

coordinates the various activities related to developing and running academic programs. At

present IIMA has the following Areas & Groups:

(1)Business Policy

(2)Communications

(3) Computer and Information Systems Group

(4) Economics

(5) Finance and Accounting
http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/business-policy.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/communication.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/computer-and-information-system-group.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/economics.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/finance-and-account.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/business-policy.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/communication.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/computer-and-information-system-group.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/economics.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/finance-and-account.html


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(6) Marketing

(7)Organizational Behaviour

(8) Personnel and Industrial Relations

(9) Production and Quantitative Methods

(10) Public Systems Group

9.3 Academic Programmes

The Institute offers six academic programmes, which are as follows :

9.3.1 Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) equivalent to Ph.D

The Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) is the doctoral programme of the Indian

Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. The objective of the programme is to provide students

with necessary skills to identify and research complex issues in the field of management. FPM

is a research programme. The doctoral programme graduated its first student in 1974 and since

then more than two hundred and twenty one doctoral students have been conferred with the

title, Fellow of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. IIMAs doctoral programme

provides a diverse set of opportunities for interdisciplinary education and research.

Candidates must possess one of the following qualifications to apply for IIMAs Doctoral

Programme:

(1)A Masters Degree in any discipline, with at least 55 percent marks, with a Bachelors

degree/ equivalent qualification with at-least 50 percent marks obtained after a

minimum of three years of education after completing higher secondary schooling

(10+2) or equivalent, or

(2) Five year/four year Integrated Masters Degree programme in any discipline, with

atleast 55 percent marks, obtained after completing higher secondary schooling (10+2)

or equivalent, or

(3) A professional qualification like CA, ICWA, CS, with at least 55 percent marks, or

(4)A 4-year/8-semester Bachelors degree with at least 60 percent marks or equivalent

grade point average.
http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/finance-and-account.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/finance-and-account.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/marketing.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/organizational-behavior.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/personnel-and-industrial-relations.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/production-and-quantitative-methods.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/public-systems-group.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/marketing.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/organizational-behavior.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/personnel-and-industrial-relations.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/production-and-quantitative-methods.htmlhttp://www.iimahd.ernet.in/faculty-and-research/areas-and-groups/public-systems-group.html


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The candidate must hold a Bachelors/Masters degree of any of the universities incorporated by

an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established

by an act of parliament or declared to be deemed as a university under section 3 of UGC Act,

1956, or possess an equivalent qualification recognized by the Ministry of HRD, Government

of India, or possess an equivalent qualification from an institution approved by AICTE. Those

in their final year of Masters or Bachelors degree (B.E / B. Tech) in any discipline can also

apply.

Applicants are evaluated on their past academic achievements, motivation and preparation for

the programme, letters of recommendation, scores on standard tests, and a personal interview

with the faculty.

No tuition fee is charged for Indian students. Selected candidates will get a monthly stipend of

Rs.18,000/- per month for the first and second year, Rs. 19,000 per month after clearing the

comprehensive exam and Rs. 20,500 per month after submission of the TAC approved thesis

proposal. Over and above this, a Contingency Allowance of Rs. 25,000 per year (for five

years) to cover research expenses, expenses on books, photocopying etc. and reimbursement of

international conference upto Rs. 1,75,000 are also available to all students. An additional

allowance of Rs. 50,000 is provided to enable students to purchase their own personal

computer. However, the fee for overseas candidate is $ 18,000 for the first year and $

19,000 per year for the remaining years.

The selected students, are provided an excellent environment for carrying out advanced

research, thus creating highly committed researchers trained in the most recent methodologies

and engaged in producing original research work. The small entering class ensures close

interaction with the faculty, where students can determine their own directions under the

guidance of their thesis advisory committees. The student becomes part of one of the ten

functional/sectoral groups and acquires the basic theoretical knowledge and practical aspects of

the area. The programme is strongly committed to preparing thought leaders both for the

academic and corporate world.

Students spend generally a little over four years that includes two years of rigorous course

work. Course work in the first year provides a general management overview and develops

basic skills for analyzing managerial problems. In the second year, students take advanced

doctoral level courses in their areas of specialization. The doctoral dissertation, for the next


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couple of years, provides them with an opportunity to make original contribution to an area of

management or to one of its source disciplines.

In the past, Fellows from IIMA have been placed in: Indian educational institutions such as

IIMs and other leading management institutes and universities around the world as faculty

members. Domestic and foreign multinational companies and donor agencies, such as ICICI,

TCS, AT Kearney, Infosys, GTZ, PricewaterhouseCoopers, etc., for consulting and

management positions.

9.3.2 Post-Graduate Programme in Management (PGP) equivalent to MBA

The two-year full-time Post-Graduate Programme in Management (PGP), rated as the toughest

MBA programme in the world to get admission, is the flagship programme of IIMA. Its main

objective is to develop young men and women into competent professional managers, capable

of working in any sector of organized activity, proceeding leadership and achieving excellence

in performance while contributing to the welfare of the larger society. Consistently recognized

as one of the leading MBA programs in the world, this is the most prestigious long-duration

program of IIMA. The programme specifically attempts to:

(1) Equip students with the required conceptual and interpersonal skills and sense of social

purpose for managerial decision-making,, develop leadership capabilities to act as

change agents and be a source of motivation in the organizations they work in,

(2)Nurture the desire to excel in performance without compromising integrity, honesty and

fairness.


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PGP Student Strength


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The program, through high-impact pedagogical methods, helps the participants to develop

themselves into top-quality decision makers with analytical rigor, conceptual foundations and

interpersonal and social skills, built on values of honesty, integrity and a sense of fairnes

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