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Abstract The IEEE 802.11n is an emerging technology
that has very high throughput WLAN stanar !hich coul
achieve ata rates up to "00 #$ps in 2.% &'( or ) &'( $an!ith a channel $an!ith o* 20 #'( or %0 #'(. In This
paper !e investigate the ata throughput per*ormance o*IEEE 802.11n in multiple input multiple output +#I#,-
orthogonal *reuency ivision multiple/ing +,#- system.A list o* suspect parameters is analy(e in this paper to assess
their e**ect on per*ormance o* the IEEE 802.11n physical
layer taen as an application o* #I#, technology. Thescheme uses $inary phase shi*t eying +3456-7 uarature
phase shi*t eying +456- an uarature amplitue
moulation +A#- techniue uner Aitive !hite &aussiannoise +AW&N- channels. 5imulation results sho! a signi*icantper*ormance o* $it error rate +3E9- an pacet error rate
+4E9- epening on the channel selection.
Index Terms #I#,7 ,#7 IEEE802.11n7 4acetError 9ate7 throughput.
I. INTRODUCTION
The communication development of the twenty-first
century is facing an indication of the local wireless
networs. !eople want to "e connected everywhere and all
the time. This is the reason of giant popularity of wirelesslocal area networs. The physical layer #!$%& design of
wireless systems has to manage with the comple'
interaction "etween analog radio fre(uency hardware that
operates at carrier fre(uencies in some )$* range and the
digital "ase"and hardware which performs comple'
algorithms lie viter"i-decoding+ filtering+ pulse shaping
fast fourier transform #,,T& etc /. The demand for
fle'i"ility has initiated a convergence of several wirelessstandards in very small porta"le devices.
The I000 123.n is a currently emerging wireless local
4rea networ #564N& standard capa"le of providing
dramatically increased throughput+ as well as improved
range+ reduced signal fading+ over the e'isting I000123.a7"7g 564N standards. To reali*e a wide range of
services at high rate with high "andwidth and (uality of
services #8o9& assurance+ the I000 123.n is presented
which adopts :I:O-O,D: technology 3/. The research
shows that :I:O-O,D: system can transmit information
with higher data rate and "etter 8o9. Therefore+ the I000
123.n will "e a"le to reach data rates of ;22 :"ps+ and it
guarantees a minimum of 22 :"ps of throughput+
meanwhile+ it depresses the Inter-9ym"ol Interferencecaused "y multi-path fading+ enhances immensely
transmission performance of wireless communication
system. In order to simulate new characteristics of 123.n
physical layer+ 123.n Tas )roup #T)n& considers andproposes si' inds of channel model applied to adapt to
different environments the I000
?
formed a new T)n to develop an amendment to the
123.n standard. The raw data throughput over the !$%
was defined to reach appro'imately ;22 :"ps using a radio
"andwidth of >2:$*. It was also pro@ected that 123.n
should offer a "etter operating distance than e'isting
networs. There was a lengthy phase in which two system
proposals "loced each other. Aeside some different ideas
#coding+ higher order modulations+ space-time-coding&
there has "een an overwhelming agreement that the
intended high throughput can only "e achieved "y using
:I:O techni(ues+ i.e. multiple antennas at the transmitter
as well as at the receiver. The new standard "uilds upon theprevious 123.a standard "y adding :I:O and an
e'tension of the radio "andwidth to >2:$*. :I:O uses
multiple transmitter and receiver antennas to allow for
increased data throughput through spatial multiple'ing and
for increased range "y e'ploiting the spatial diversity as
well as through space-time coding schemes lie alamouti
coding >/. In 322B the 0nhanced 5ireless Consortium
#05C& was formed to help accelerate the I000 123.n
development process and promote a technology
specification for interopera"ility of ne't 564N products
3/. The final standard is e'pected to "e completed in 322;.
In this article+ we discuss computation of input A0R in
:I:O channels with different modulation types on eachspatial stream.
II.:I:O-O,D:
O,D: is a multi-carrier transmission techni(ue inemployment to decrease the inter sym"ol interference #I9I&of wireless systems with lesser sym"ol periods. 4s a result+the overall capacity in wireless systems is upgraded.4nother promising transmission techni(ue is :I:O whichena"les the enhancement of "it capacity and performancewith low A0R proportional to the num"er of antennas.Therefore high spectrally efficient wireless transmissions
can "e produced "y using multiple transmissions andmultiple receiving antennas. ,urthermore+ theamalgamation of :I:O and O,D: systems significantlydecreases the e(uali*ation comple'ity B/.
The definition of :I:O systems is that with a given
ar"itrary wireless communication system+ there is a lin
where the transmitting end and the receiving end are
e(uipped with multiple antenna elements. The signals
produced "y "oth types of antennas com"ine in such a way+
which result in a reduced A0R or increased data rate. 4
ma@or advantage of :I:O system is their a"ility to utili*e
multi-path propagation to increase the transmission
efficiency and channel capacity "y the use of random fading
and multipath delay spread. In this way+ many orders ofmagnitude enhancement can "e achieved in wireless
communications without the use of e'tra spectrum ;/. The
destructive addition of multipath in a propagation medium
!erformance analysis of data throughput in I000123.n :I:O O,D: system
:. 4. Rahman+ :. A. I. Rea*+ $afi*ah $usain+:ohd 4lauddin :ohd 4li+ :ohd. :arufu**aman+Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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and the interference of other users results in severe
attenuation of the transmitted signal over the wireless
channel. The relia"ility of wireless communications is the
product of diversity techni(ues such as temporal diversity+
fre(uency diversity or antenna diversity. In order to achieve
the full diversity promised "y transmit and received
antennas+ space time "loc code #9TAC& is used -1/. The
employment of more than one antenna at the transmitter
and the proper coding of data across the transmit antennasphysical layers with 9TAC guarantee an increased data rate
with minimal decoding comple'ity at the receiver. The
channel codes are constructed "ased on the classical
mathematical framewor of orthogonal designs. ,or
comple' signal constellations such as 84:+ 9TACs are
designed to achieve the ma'imum possi"le transmission
rate for any num"er of transmit antennas /. It is a
techni(ue+ which operates on a "loc of input sym"ols
producing a matri' and outputs whose columns and rows
represent time and antennas+ respectively. 4 ey feature of
9TACs is the provision of full diversity with e'tremely low
encoder7decoder comple'ity 2/. ,ig. and 3 show "loc
diagrams of general :I:O transmit and receive data pathstructures for an I000 123.n !$% layer.
,ig. . :I:O-O,D: transmitter "locs
,ig. 3. :I:O-O,D: receiver "locs
$ence+ the most forthcoming tendency of I000 123.nstandard applications anticipated to com"ine :I:O withO,D: signal processing in the ne't generation 564Nsystem. The o"@ective is to provide high data rates up to ;22:"ps. It is nown that the arrangement of :I:O-O,D:is a promising elucidation for enhancing the performance.
$igh throughput in wireless communication systems can "eachieved "y increasing the num"er of antennas anddou"ling the "andwidth range. In addition+ 9TACtechni(ues are also suggested in the :I:O-O,D: "ased123.n standard proposals "y considering that 9TAC canhelp to achieve the full diversity and hence increase thedata rates and throughput of an 123.n system ;/. Thepurpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of123.n under a selection of different 9TAC rates and :C9inde'. The system under investigation is a >'> :I:O-O,D: !$% layer with ;>-84: modulation 45)Nchannels with 9TAC code rates and 73. Comparison isperformed with a 3'3 :I:O-O,D: system in order toshow full diversity performance of the system. !revious
wor provided us with results from some simple modulationtechni(ues+ e.g. 8!9E modulation for the code rate of and ;-84: for the code rate of 73. The scope of thispaper is to advance the 123.n performance on ;>-84:
modulation techni(ue with 9TAC code rates and 73+ andto evaluate its performance through e'tensive simulations.The simulation results confirm that a significantperformance gain can "e achieved with a system of 739TAC code rate and multiple transmit7receive antennas+ incomparison to those systems with 9TAC code rate .Farious modulation schemes and coding rates are defined"y the standard and are represented "y a modulation and
coding scheme inde' value in ta"le I.
T4A60 IG :ODU64TION 4ND CODIN) 9C$0:0
:C9in-de'
9patialstreams
:odulationtype
Codingrate
Data rate #:"it7s&32 :$*channel
>2 :$*channel
2 A!9E 73 .32 B.22 8!9E 73 >.>2 B.22
< ;-84: 73 31.2 ;2.22> ;-84: >-84: ;B.22 -84: B7; 3.32 B2.221 3 A!9E 73 >.>2 2.22> 3 ;>-84: -84: B7; >>.>2
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operates in B)$* R, "and and may use >2 :$* or 32 :$*"andwidth. The rest of the O,D: parameters in our designwhich are "ased on the T)n9ync standard are shown inTa"le II.T4A60 IIG O,D: !4R4:0T0R ,OR 123.N
!arameter Falue,,T si*e ;>
9u"carrier B3Data su"carrier >1
Carrier spacing 2.'> :I:O-O,D: system using 73
9TAC code rate and a 3'3 :I:O-O,D: system using
9TAC code rate e'hi"its in ,ig. >. The !erformance gain
is achieved "y the channel selection with 73 9TAC coderate for :C9systems at >B dA using 9TAC code rate 73 and payloadB22 Ayte under 45)N channel. The a"ove simulationresult e'hi"its a significant performance gain that can "eachieved "y 73 9TAC.
F. CONC6U9ION
In this paper+ we have presented an elucidation of :I:OO,D: system performance in I000 123.n. 4 lower
:C9 value has used corresponding to a throughout
reduction. It can "e seen that if :C9 is changed to higher
data rate with the same transmitting antennas+ "oth !0R
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and A0R performance will "e influenced. The reached gain
is more significant for large pacets+ since the 123.n
standard "ecomes less an issue+ with larger amounts of
payload information is transmitted per channel access.
R0,0R0NC09
/ A. ,u and !. 4mpadu+ K4n area efficient ,,T7I,,T processor for:I:O-O,D: 564N 123. n+L !o"rnal of Signal #rocessing
Systems, vol. B;+ pp. B-;1+ 322.3/ 0. !erahia+ KI000 123. n developmentG history+ process+ andtechnology+L $omm"nications Maga%ine, &EEE, vol. >;+ pp. >1-BB+3221.
-channel ,,Tprocessor for I000 123. n :I:O-O,D: 564N system+L in 2reen
and Ubi"ito"s ec5nology .2U/, 01 &nternational $onferenceon+ 323+ pp. >-.
;/ 0. Charfi+ 6. Chaari+ and 6. Eamoun+ K!$%7:4C enhancements and8o9 mechanisms for very high throughput 564NsG a survey+L &EEE$omm"nications S"rveys "torials, vol. B+ pp. > M + pp. B