IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 08, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

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Analysis and Comparison of Performance of Various DC-DC Converters

using MATLAB SIMULINK Kuljeet Singh1 Manpreet Singh2

1M.Tech. Student 2Assistant Professor 1,2Department of Electrical Engineering

1,2BBSBEC, Fatehgarh SahibAbstract—In this paper, Analysis and comparison of the

different types of DC-DC converters is done. The operating

principle and the parameter of the buck-boost, cuk, speic

and zeta converters are analyzed. The simulation is done in

matlab in open loop control with pulse generator and also in

closed loop control with Proportional Integral controller

(PL). The input voltage range has been varied from 170V to

270V and output voltage is ovserved.

Key words: DC Converters, Buck-Boost Converter, Cuk,

Speic, Zeta

I. INTRODUCTION

There are number of DC-DC converters available, each of

which is suitable for some type of application. Some

converters step downs the voltage, while others step up.

Voltage regulation is achieved by varying the on–

off or duty cycle of the switching element. These Buck-

Boost converters have been widely used in electrical power

system, medical instruments, and communication devices

and also for traction motor control in electric automobiles

and trolley cars, because they are highly efficient, provide

smooth acceleration control and fast dynamic response with

low voltage stresses.

The Cuk converter is a switched mode power

supply. The basic non isolated Cuk converter is designed

based on the principle of using two Buck Boost converters

to provide an inverted DC output voltage. The advantage of

the basic non isolated Cuk converter over the standard Buck

Boost converter is that it provides higher efficiency

regulated DC voltage and ripple currents and switching

losses are less.

The Single-Ended Primary-Inductance converter

(SEPIC) is a DC/DC converter topology, that provides a

positive regulated output voltage from an input voltage. The

SEPIC converter can both step up and step down the input

voltage, while maintaining the same polarity and the same

ground reference for the input and output. PI controllers are

usually designed for closed loop SEPIC for desired output

voltage. Non isolated Buck-Boost converters are generally

used where the voltage needs to be stepped up or down. Zeta

converter topology is similar to SEPIC DC-DC converter

topology provides a positive output voltage from an input

voltage that varies above and below the output voltage. The

Zeta converter is another option for regulating an

unregulated input-power supply. Zeta converter is also

widely used in electrical power system, medical instruments,

and communication devices and also for traction motor

control in electric automobiles and trolley cars.

II. CIRCUIT CONFIGURATIONS

A. Buck Boost Converter

Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of Buck Boost converter

B. Cuk Converter

Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of Cuk converter

C. Sepic Converter

Fig. 3: Schematic diagram of Sepic converter

D. Zeta Converter

Fig. 4: Schematic diagram of Zeta converter

III. WAVEFORMS

A. Buck Boost Converter

Fig. 5: Waveforms of Buck Boost Converter

Analysis and Comparison of Performance of Various DC-DC Converters using MATLAB SIMULINK

(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 08/2015/150)

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B. Cuk Converter

Fig. 6: Waveforms of Cuk converter

C. Sepic Converter

Fig. 7: Waveforms of Sepic Converter

D. Zeta Converter

Fig .8: Waveforms of Zeta converter

IV. EQUATIONS USED

A. Buck Boost Converter

D = on time duration of switch/ total switching time period

Duty cycle = −𝑉𝑜

𝑉𝑠−𝑉𝑜

Output voltage (Vo) = −𝑉𝑠 𝐷

1−𝐷

Where the minus sign indicates voltage inversion.

The value of filter inductance is given as:

L = 𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼 𝐷

𝑓

Filter capacitance C is given as:

C = 𝐼𝑜

∆𝑉𝑐

𝐷

𝑓

Where:

f =switching frequency, ∆I= peak to peak ripple current Io

(assuming 40% of Iout), ∆Vc= voltage ripple (assuming 3%

of Vout), D= duty cycle.

B. Cuk Converter

D = on time duration of switch/ total switching time period

Duty cycle = 𝑉𝑜

𝑉𝑠+𝑉𝑜

Output voltage (Vo) = −𝑉𝑠 𝐷

1−𝐷

The value of filter inductance is given as:

𝐿1=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼1 𝐷

𝑓

𝐿2=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼2 𝐷

𝑓

Filter capacitance C is given as:

𝐶1 = 𝐼𝑜

∆𝑉𝐶1

𝐷

𝑓

𝐶2 = 𝑉𝑠

8𝐿2∆𝑉𝐶2

𝐷

𝑓2

Where:

f =switching frequency; ∆I1= peak to peak ripple current I1

(assuming 40% of Iout); ∆I2 = peak to peak ripple current I2

(assuming 40% of Iout); ∆Vc= voltage ripple (assuming 3%

of Vout); D= duty cycle.

C. Sepic Converter

D = on time duration of switch/ total switching time period

Duty cycle = 𝑉𝑜

𝑉𝑠+𝑉𝑜

Output voltage (Vo) = 𝑉𝑠 𝐷

1−𝐷

The value of filter inductance is given as:

𝐿1=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼1 𝐷

𝑓

𝐿2=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼2 𝐷

𝑓

Filter capacitance C is given as

𝐶1 = 𝐼𝑜

∆𝑉𝑐1

𝐷

𝑓

𝐶2 = 𝐼𝑜

∆𝑉𝑐2

𝐷

𝑓

Where:

f =switching frequency, ∆I1= peak to peak ripple current I1

(assuming 40% of Iout), ∆I2= peak to peak ripple current I2

(assuming 40% of Iout), ∆Vc= voltage ripple (assuming 3%

of Vout), D= duty cycle.

D. Zeta Converter

D = on time duration of switch/ total switching time period

Duty cycle =𝑉𝑜

𝑉𝑠+𝑉𝑜

Output voltage (Vo) = 𝑉𝑠 𝐷

1−𝐷

The value of filter inductance is given as:

𝐿1=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼1 𝐷

𝑓

𝐿2=𝑉𝑠

∆𝐼2 𝐷

𝑓

Filter capacitance C is given as:

𝐶1 = 𝐼𝑜

∆𝑉𝑐1

𝐷

𝑓

𝐶2 = 𝑉𝑠

8𝐿2∆𝑉𝐶2

𝐷

𝑓2

Where:

f =switching frequency; ∆I1= peak to peak ripple current I1

(assuming 40% of Iout); ∆I2= peak to peak ripple current I2

(assuming 40% of Iout); ∆Vc= voltage ripple (assuming 3%

of Vout); D= duty cycle.

Analysis and Comparison of Performance of Various DC-DC Converters using MATLAB SIMULINK

(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 08/2015/150)

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V. MATLAB SIMULATION

A. Buck Boost Converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 9: Simulation of Buck Boost Converter in open loop

2) Closed Loop Control:

Fig. 10: Simulation of Buck Boost converter in closed loop

control.

B. Cuk Converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 11: Simulation of Cuk converter in open loop control

2) Closed Loop Control:

Fig. 12: Simulation of Cuk converters in closed loop

control.

C. Sepic Converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig.13: Simulation of Sepic converter in Open Loop

2) Closed Loop Control:

Fig. 14: Simulation of SEPIC converter in closed loop

control

D. Zeta Converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 15: Simulation of Zeta converter in open loop control

2) Closed Loop Control:

Fig.16: Simulation of Zeta converter in closed loop control

Analysis and Comparison of Performance of Various DC-DC Converters using MATLAB SIMULINK

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VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

A. Buck Boost Converter

S. No. Parameters Values

1 Output voltage (Vo) 400 volts

2 Switching frequency (f) 10khz

3 Duty cycle (D) 57%

4 Filter inductances (L) 2.6 ×10-3 H

5 Filter capacitances (C) 100 ×10-6 F

6 Input voltage (VS) 300 volts

7 Load resistances 400 Ω

Table 1: Design parameters of Buck Boost converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 17: Simulation result of Buck Boost converter in open

loop control Open loop control result is shown in Fig. 17 in which input

voltage is 300V and output voltage is 400V constant. The

maximum overshoot is observed and settling time is 0.10sec

2) Closed Loop Control:

S

.No. Parameters Values

1 Output voltage (Vo) 400 volts

2 Switching frequency (f) 10khz

3 Duty cycle (D) 57%

4 Filter inductances (L) 1.5 ×10-3 H

5 Filter capacitances (C) 120 ×10-6 F

6 Input voltage (VS) 300 volts

7 Load resistances 400 Ω

Table 2: Simulation results of Buck Boost converter

Fig.18: Simulation result of Buck Boost converter in closed

Closed loop control result is shown in Figure 18 in which

input voltage is varying from 170Vto 270V and output

voltage is 400V constant. The best result is observed at

230V with minimum overshoot and minimum settling time

is 0.12sec

B. Cuk Converter

S.No. VS KP KI ∆V Overshoot Settling

(%) time(sec)

1 270 .00040 .065 0.8 12% 0.12

2 260 .00050 .070 0.7 10% 0.11

3 250 .00055 .058 0.8 8% 0.55

4 240 .00058 .060 0.7 6% 0.10

5 230 .00061 .068 0.6 5% 0.12

6 220 .00078 .070 0.7 8% 0.10

7 210 .00082 .072 0.6 6% 0.11

8 200 .00090 .079 0.6 8% 0.51

9 190 .00098 .085 0.7 8% 0.13

10 180 .0011 .088 0.7 9% 0.20

11 170 .0012 .091 0.6 10% 0.22

Table 3: Design parameters of Cuk converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig.19: Simulation result of Cuk converter in open loop

control Open loop control result shows that the input voltage is

300V and output voltage is 400V constant. The maximum

overshoot is observed and settling time is 0.10sec.

2) Closed Loop Control:

S.No. VS KP KI ∆V Overshoot Settling

(%) time(sec)

1 270 .00038 .075 0.6 15% 0.65

2 260 .00048 .072 0.6 12% 0.15

3 250 .00052 .060 0.7 10% 0.13

4 240 .00060 .068 0.8 8% 0.50

5 230 .00068 .071 0.7 4% 0.07

6 220 .00075 .077 0.6 5% 0.41

7 210 .00084 .078 0.7 5% 0.12

8 200 .00088 .079 0.6 5% 0.08

9 190 .0010 .082 0.7 6% 0.12

10 180 .0011 .090 0.7 9% 0.13

11 170 .0012 .095 0.6 10% 0.23

Table 4: Simulation results of Cuk converter

Fig. 20: Simulation result of Cuk converter in closed loop

control Closed loop control result is shown in Figure 20 in which

input voltage is varying from 170Vto 270V and output

voltage is 400V constant. So maximum overshoot is

observed at input voltage of 270V. At input voltage 240V

minimum overshoot, but maximum settling is observed.

C. Sepic Converter

S.No. Parameters Values

1 Output voltage (Vo) 400 volts

2 Switching frequency (f) 10khz

3 Duty cycle (D) 57%

4 Filter inductances (L) 2.7×10-3 H

5 Filter capacitances (C) 80 × 10-6 F

6 Input voltage (VS) 300 volts

7 Load resistances 400 Ω

Table 5: Design parameters of Sepic converter

Analysis and Comparison of Performance of Various DC-DC Converters using MATLAB SIMULINK

(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 08/2015/150)

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1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 21: Simulation result of SEPIC converter in open loop

control

Open loop control result is shown in Figure 21 in which

input voltage is 300V and output voltage is 400V constant.

The maximum overshoot is observed and settling time is

0.16sec.

2) Closed Loop Control:

S.No. VS KP KI ∆V Overshoot Settling

(%) Time(sec)

1 270 .00028 .075 0.6 12% 0.22

2 260 .00035 .058 0.8 10% 0.14

3 250 .00042 .077 0.7 8% 0.12

4 240 .00048 .069 0.6 6% 0.18

5 230 .00062 .071 0.7 5% 0.08

6 220 .00068 .073 0.6 4% 0.15

7 210 .00078 .074 0.6 5% 0.09

8 200 .00085 .077 0.7 5% 0.33

9 190 .00093 .081 0.7 6% 0.15

10 180 .0010 .084 0.6 5% 0.14

11 170 .0011 .092 0.7 8% 0.19

Table 6: Simulation results of Sepic converter

Fig. 22: Simulation results of SEPIC converter in closed

loop control Closed loop control result is shown in Figure 22 in which

input voltage is varying from 170Vto 270V and output

voltage is 400V constant. The best result is observed at

220V with minimum overshoot and minimum settling time

is 0.17sec

D. Zeta Converter

S.No. Parameters Values

1 Output voltage (Vo) 400 volts

2 Switching frequency (f) 10khz

3 Duty cycle (D) 57%

4 Filter inductances (L) 2.7×10-3 H

5 Filter capacitances (C) 120 ×10-6F

6 Input voltage (VS) 300 volts

7 Load resistances 400 Ω

Table 7: Design parameters of Zeta converter

1) Open Loop Control:

Fig. 23: Simulation result of Zeta converter in open loop

control

Open loop control result shows that the input voltage is

300V and output voltage is 400V constant. The maximum

overshoot is observed and settling time is 0.05sec.

2) Closed Loop Control:

S.No. VS KP KI ∆V Overshoot Settling

(%) Time

(sec)

1 270 .00032 .065 0.7 13% 0.18

2 260 .00039 .068 0.8 10% 0.12

3 250 .00045 .080 0.7 9% 0.12

4 240 .00048 .082 0.7 6% 0.09

5 230 .00051 .087 0.8 3% 0.20

6 220 .00051 .089 0.6 0% 0.03

7 210 .00053 .091 0.7 1% 0.03

8 200 .00093 .092 0.8 2% 0.31

9 190 .0011 .094 0.7 8% 0.12

10 180 .0012 .091 0.6 7% 0.11

11 170 .0013 .090 0.8 8% 0.21

Table 8: Simulation results of Zeta converter

Fig. 24: Simulation results of Zeta converter in closed

loop control

Closed loop control result is shown in Figure 24 in which

input voltage is varying from 170Vto 270V and output

voltage is 400V constant. So maximum overshoot is

observed at input voltage of 270V. At input voltage 220V

zero overshoot and minium settling is observed.

VII. CONCLUSION

Based on the results presented in this paper, it is concluded

that best result are given by the Cuk and zeta converter for

high power application. Buck Boost converter also gives

best result, but overshoot and settling time are little larger as

compare to Cuk and Zeta converter.

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