Il fotovoltaico in Europa: mercati, approcci e incentivazioni
Venerdì 4 Febbraio 2011Palazzo Bernardini, Lucca
1
Agenda
- European Overview- Germany- France- Spain- Italy- Comparison of European PV-Markets
European overview – State of the art
In 2009 the EU represented 80% of the PV capacity installed worldwide
- In EU, Germany is the dominating market (approximately 68%)
European overview – Future outlook
From 2011 on, Italy will remain the second biggest PV market in Europe (Germany will remain the dominating market with less share)
European overview – Sinking prices
Price development of PV power plants between 2008 – 2010 in Europe
European overview – Towards Grid Parity
Italy: high power prices and high solar irradiation Grid Parity soon reached
Germany
Current installed capacity (until 2009)9’785 MWp (39% installed in 2009)
EPIA: European Photovoltaic Industry Association
Germany – Type of PV installations
Small-scale rooftop systems on residential buildings (18%) – supported by favourable FIT and tax-credit
Medium to large scale installations on commercial and industrial roofs (65%)
Medium to large scale ground mounted systems (17%)
Type of installation Tariff from 01/01/2011
Ground-mounted 0.2111 € / kWh
Ground-mounted in converted areas 0.2207 € / kWh
Ground-mounted in agricultural land None
Rooftop until 30 kWp 0.2874 € / kWh
Rooftop from 30 to 100 kWp 0.3142 € / kWh
Rooftop 100 kWp to 1 MWp 0.2733 € / kWh
Rooftop over 1 MWp 0.2156 € / kWh
Germany – Feed-in Tariff
Germany – Legal framework
Feed-in Tariff – Erneuerbare Energien Gesetz (EEG)
- The German PV market is still the word strongest PV market
- Germany is pioneer in FIT-systems
Main barriers:
- Definition of technical requirements for grid connection
- Identification of areas meeting the EEG requirements
France
Current installed capacity (until 2009)272 MWp (68% installed in 2009)
EPIA: European Photovoltaic Industry Association
Small-scale on residential buildings under 3 kWp (60%) – supported by favourable FIT and tax-credit; especially favoured are BIPV installations
Medium-scale installations (until few MWp) on commercial and industrial roofs (30%) – supported by the FIT
Large-scale ground mounted of several MWp (10%) – supported by the FIT (Government stop for such projects to avoid “speculation bubble” until March 2011)
France – Type of PV installations
France – Feed-in Tariffs
France – Legal framework
Feed-in Tariff – Loi n°2000-108; Arrêté du 10 juillet 2006 soleil
Main barriers:
- Delay in grid connection process
- Unclear communication with grid operator
- Urban planning process for ground-mounted installations
Spain
Current installed capacity (until 2009)3’386 MWp (2% installed in 2009)
Spain – Type of PV installations
Small-scale on residential buildings under 20 kWp (7%)
Medium-scale installations (until few MWp) on commercial and industrial roofs (60%) – basically favoured by FIT in 2008
Large-scale ground mounted of several MWp (33%) – favoured by FIT in 2008
Spain – Feed-in Tariffs
Spain – Legal framework
Feed-in Tariff – Real Decreto 1578/2008
- Spanish government introduced a yearly cap for each type of installation (i.e. for 2011 the cap for ground-mounted systems is of 162 MWp) as a result the Spanish PV Market collapsed
Main barriers:
- Yearly cap
- Administrative procedures (pre-registration)
- Connection to the grid (rigid requirements)
Italy
Current installed capacity (until 2009)1’167 MWp (61% installed in 2009)
Italy – Type of PV installations
Small-scale on residential buildings under 20 kWp (32%)
Medium-scale installations (20 to 200 kWp) on commercial and industrial roofs experienced a growth of 45% in 2009 – favoured by a rise on the net metering limit
Large-scale ground mounted experiencing a rapid growth since 2009. 34 PV-systems above 1 MWp have been installed in 2009 (over a total of 40).
Italy – Feed-in Tariffs
Italy – Legal framework
Feed-in Tariff – Conto Energia
Main barriers:
- Different procedures depending on the region – Harmonisation is required long lasting administration procedures
- Grid constraints affect the development of distributed generation leads to delays and extra costs for grid connection
Comparison – Legal Barriers
Duration (in weeks) of a PV project development process
Segment A – small-scale installations on residential roofs
Segment B – medium-scale systems on commercial/industrial roofs
Segment C – Large-scale ground-mounted systems
Comparison of PV market development
New solar power connected to the grid yearly
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Jahr
Po
we
r p
er
Inh
ab
ita
nt
[W
p/In
ha
bit
an
t]
Switzerland Italy Germany France Spain
EEG 1
EEG 3
EEG 2
Final Statement – The future is renewable
General Trend: Prices of conventional energies sources (coal, fuel) are rising, while photovoltaics is becoming cheaper and more efficient Grid Parity is unavoidable
Being infinite and decentralized, solar energy will play a key role
Both the economical and society profit from a extended use of solar energy
Final Statement – Conclusion
For staying on track in the energy sector it is of utmost importance to support a favourable framework for the PV-Market
Thank you very much for your attention !
Giorgio Hefti | CEO TRITEC Group
TRITEC International AGHerrenweg, 60CH-4123, Allschwil/BaselSvizzera