Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits ILLICIT DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS, 2011-2016 British Columbia and Surrey In 2016, British Columbia’s provincial health officer declared a public health emergency in response to a rise in illicit drug overdoses and related deaths. Between 2011 and 2016 there were 2,362 confirmed illicit drug overdose deaths in British Columbia and 332 in Surrey alone. Statistics Canada, in partnership with the BC Coroners Service, City of Surrey, Surrey Fire Service, Surrey RCMP Detachment, Fraser Health Authority, BC Stats, BC Centre for Disease Control, BC Ministry of Health and Public Safety Canada, is undertaking a project to assess the socio-economic determinants of the drug overdose crisis by leveraging and integrating various administrative databases. The first focus of analysis involves the integration of illicit drug overdose deaths with employment and social assistance data, health and hospitalization records, and criminal justice system contacts. ST AT CA N. GC .C A NUMBER OF ILLICIT DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS THAT WERE INTEGRATED WITH STATISTICS CANADA ADMINISTRATIVE DATA HOLDINGS, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SURREY, 2011 TO 2016 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DECEDENTS, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SURREY BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Contact with Police Employment and Social Assistance HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, BRITISH COLUMBIA HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, SURREY EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, BRITISH COLUMBIA EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, SURREY MAIN REASON FOR HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH Approximately one quarter of decedents were hospitalized in the 12 months prior to death. The majority of those who were hospitalized were hospitalized only once during that year Approximately 40% of decedents visited the emergency department in the 12 months prior to death. Multiple visits to an emergency department were not uncommon. Substance use related disorders Mental health conditions, excl. substance use disorders Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid- poisonings Opioid- poisonings BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY FEMALE MALE BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY NUMBER OF YEARS EMPLOYED IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH Number of years with earnings over $500 0 1 2 3 4 5 BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY Approximately 3 in 10 decedents had no earnings in the 5 years prior to their fatal overdose. A similar proportion were employed in each of the 5 years preceding their overdose death, many of them in the construction industry. INDUSTRY OF LAST MAIN JOB IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH 0 1 2 3 4 5 BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY Number of years receiving social assistance benefits While the majority of decedents did not have a contact with police, 34% of decedents in British Columbia (and 36% of decedents in Surrey) were an accused in a criminal incident in the 24 months preceding their fatal overdose. Further, 11% of individuals who fatally overdosed in British Columbia and Surrey had four or more contacts with the police in the 24 months preceding their death. FREQUENCY OF CONTACT WITH THE POLICE IN THE 24 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY No contact with police One contact Two contacts Three contacts Four or more contacts REASONS FOR CONTACT WITH THE POLICE IN THE XX MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH ALL CRIMINAL INCIDENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA DECEDENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA DECEDENTS IN SURREY Shoplifting $5,000 or under Disturb the peace Fail to comply with order Breach of probation Assault - level 1 Mischief Breaking and entering 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Of those decedents that had a contact with police, approximately one-third in British Columbia (33%) and one-quarter in Surrey (24%) had a formal contact with police in the 3 months prior to their fatal overdose. PROPORTION OF DECEDENTS WITH A POLICE CONTACT, BY TIME ELAPSED BETWEEN THEIR LAST POLICE CONTACT AND FATAL OVERDOSE, CUMULATIVE PERCENT Decedents were disproportionally involved in incidents of shoplifting and administration of justice offences, including fail to comply with order and breach of probation. Time period prior to the fatal overdose British Columbia Surrey 1 month prior to fatal overdose 3 months prior to fatal overdose 6 months prior to fatal overdose 12 months prior to fatal overdose 18 months prior to fatal overdose 24 months prior to fatal overdose While 40% of decedents did not receive any social assistance in the 5 years prior to death, 31% of decedents in British Columbia and 28% in Surrey received social assistance benefits every year. NUMBER OF YEARS OF RECEIVING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY EMPLOYED PERSONS AGE 25-54 IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, JUNE 2016 Transportation and warehousing Manufacturing Retail trade Accommodation and food services Building maintenance, waste management and other support services Construction 34% 28% 40% 28% 40% 13% 26% 11% 9% 7% 9% 11% 11% 14% 8% 7% 7% 8% 8% 8% 7% 9% 31% 28% 23% 21% 14% 19% 16% 16% 17% 22% 11% 11% 13% 5% 13% 4% 64% 7% 66% 6% 52% 24% 10% 16% 89% 89% 74% 75% 47% 33% 100% 100% 42 293 95 639 72 44 476 35 44 268 360 326 24% 24% 12% 0% 13% 11% 25% 25% 23% 27% 12% 1% 1% 1% 77% 23% 81% 19% NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED Hospitalized once, 15% Hospitalized twice, 6% Hospitalized 3 or more times, 6% Hospitalized once, 13% Hospitalized twice, 6% Hospitalized 3 or more times, 4% 74% 26% 77% 23% 1 visit, 14% 2 visits, 8% 3 visits, 5% 4 or more visits, 15% 1 visit, 16% 2 visits, 5% 3 visits, 6% 4 or more visits, 15% No Emergency department (ED) visits Visit to ED No Emergency department(ED) visits Visit to ED 59% 41% 57% 43%
Transcript
Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits
ILLICIT DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS, 2011-2016 British Columbia and SurreyIn 2016, British Columbia’s provincial health officer declared a public health emergency in response to a rise in illicit drug overdoses and related deaths. Between 2011 and 2016 there were 2,362 confirmed illicit drug overdose deaths in British Columbia and 332 in Surrey alone.
Statistics Canada, in partnership with the BC Coroners Service, City of Surrey, Surrey Fire Service, Surrey RCMP Detachment, Fraser Health Authority, BC Stats, BC Centre for Disease Control, BC Ministry of Health and Public Safety Canada, is undertaking a project to assess the socio-economic determinants of the drug overdose crisis by leveraging and integrating various administrative databases. The first focus of analysis involves the integration of illicit drug overdose deaths with employment and social assistance data, health and hospitalization records, and criminal justice system contacts.
ST ATCA N. GC .C A
NUMBER OF ILLICIT DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS THAT WERE INTEGRATED WITH STATISTICS CANADA ADMINISTRATIVE DATA HOLDINGS, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SURREY, 2011 TO 2016
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DECEDENTS, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
SURREY
Contact with PoliceEmployment and Social Assistance
HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, BRITISH COLUMBIA
HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, SURREY
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, BRITISH COLUMBIA
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH, SURREY
MAIN REASON FOR HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH
Approximately one quarter of decedents were hospitalized in the 12 months prior to death. The majority of those who were hospitalized were hospitalized only once during that year
Approximately 40% of decedents visited the emergency department in the 12 months prior to death. Multiple visits to an emergency department were not uncommon.
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
NUMBER OF YEARS EMPLOYED IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Approximately 3 in 10 decedents had
no earnings in the 5 years prior to their fatal overdose. A similar proportion were employed in each of the 5 years preceding
their overdose death, many of them in the construction
industry.
INDUSTRY OF LAST MAIN JOB IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
While the majority of decedents did not have a
contact with police, 34% of decedents in British Columbia (and 36% of
decedents in Surrey) were an accused in a criminal incident in the 24 months
preceding their fatal overdose. Further, 11% of individuals who fatally overdosed in British Columbia and Surrey had four
or more contacts with the police in the 24 months preceding
their death.
FREQUENCY OF CONTACT WITH THE POLICE IN THE 24 MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
FEMALE MALE
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Under 18 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and older
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
Number of years receiving social assistance bene�ts
Number of years with earnings over $500
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
No contact with police
One contact Two contacts
Three contacts
Four or morecontacts
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
NOT HOSPITALIZED HOSPITALIZED
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
Hospitalized once
Hospitalized twice
Hospitalized 3 or more times
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx
3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
1 visit, xx
2 visits, xx3 visits, xx
4 or more visits
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
No Emergency
department(ED) visits
Visit to ED
Substance use related
disorders
Mental health conditions, excl. substance use
disorders
Injuries & poisonings, excl. opioid-poisonings
Opioid-poisonings
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
0 1 2 3 4 5
BRITISH COLUMBIASURREY
REASONS FOR CONTACT WITH THE POLICE IN THE XX MONTHS PRIOR TO DEATH
0% 5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
EMPLOYED PERSONS AGE 25-54 IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, JUNE 2016
ALL CRIMINAL INCIDENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
DECEDENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
DECEDENTS IN SURREY
Transportation andwarehousing
Manufacturing
Retail trade
Accommodation andfood services
Building maintenance, waste management
and other support services
ConstructionShoplifting $5,000
or under
Disturb the peace
Fail to comply with order
Breach of probation
Assault - level 1
Mischief
Breaking and entering
0% 5%
10%
15%
20%
Of those decedents that had a contact with police,
approximately one-third in British Columbia (33%) and one-quarter
in Surrey (24%) had a formal contact with police in the
3 months prior to their fatal overdose. PROPORTION OF DECEDENTS WITH A POLICE CONTACT,
BY TIME ELAPSED BETWEEN THEIR LAST POLICE CONTACT AND FATAL OVERDOSE, CUMULATIVE PERCENT
Decedents were disproportionally involved in incidents of shoplifting and administration of justice offences, including fail to comply with order and breach of probation.
Time period prior to the fatal overdose British Columbia Surrey
1 month prior to fatal overdose 3 months prior to fatal overdose
6 months prior to fatal overdose
12 months prior to fatal overdose
18 months prior to fatal overdose
24 months prior to fatal overdose
While 40% of decedents did not receive any social
assistance in the 5 years prior to death, 31% of decedents in British Columbia and 28% in
Surrey received social assistance benefits
every year.NUMBER OF YEARS OF RECEIVING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS IN THE 5 YEARS PRIOR TO DEATH
0% 5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
BRITISH COLUMBIA SURREY
EMPLOYED PERSONS AGE 25-54 IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, JUNE 2016
