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ILLNESSES OF SALIVARY GLANDS, LIPS, TONGUE & MOUTH CAVITY

Assistant-prof. V.Voloshyn

According prof. Pospishil O.V.& prof. Strukov A.I.

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ILLNESSES OF SALIVARY GLANDS innate (congenital):

agenesia, hypogenesis, ectopia, hypertrophy of glands and additional glands;

imperforation of channels, narrowing or ectasia, anomalous branches out, defects of walls with formation of fistulas;

purchased (development): sialoadenitis, sialoalitiasis, cysts, tumours and

tumular processes.

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Sialoadenitis classification

(A) primary (independent disease); secondary (complication or displays of other

disease) (B)

Acute; Chronic; Chronic with acuting

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Etiology of Sialoadenitis

Microbes Viruses Autoimmune process

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Pathoanatomy of Sialoadenitis

Acute sialoadenitis: serosal, festering (nidus (local) or diffuse); gangrenous;

Chronic sialoadenitis: productive intermediate

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Complication and consequences of Sialoadenitis Acute sialoadenitis → convalescence or

chronic process;

Chronic → sclerosis (cirrhosis) of gland with atrophy of acinus departments, stromal lipomatosis with the decline or function loss;

→ xerostomia.

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SIALOLITHIASIS

The concrements, which present in a gland and more frequent in its channels are the basis of the disease.

More frequently the stones appear in a submandibular gland; stones appear in parotid rarely; a sublingual gland is almost never damaged. The men of middle ages are ill mainly

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Etiology and pathogeny. The gland channels dyskinesia, their inflammation, stagnation and saliva alkalining, increase of its viscidity, extraneous bodies penetration in the channels are the reasons of salivary stone formations. These factors are instrumental in falling out from saliva of the various salts (calcium phosphate, calcspar) with crystallization them on organic basis — matrix (ephithelial cells rejection, mucin)

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Pathoanatomy. The formed stones have different sizes (from sands to 2 centimeters in a diameter), shapes (oval or oblong), colors (grey, yellow), consistencies (soft, densed). The acute inflammation (sialodochitis) appears at the channel obturation. Very often festering sialoadenitis develops. Sialoadenitis became chronic with the periodic acuteening afterwards.

Complication and consequences. The sclerosis (cirrhosis) of gland develops at chronic motion of sialoadenitis.

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ADENOCELES

Adenoceles more often arise up in the small glands. The reasons of the cysts formations are trauma, channels inflammations with subsequent (послідуючим) sclerosis and obliteration. The sizes of cysts are different. Cysts with mucus or mucoid matter named mucoceles.

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TUMOURS

The tumours of salivary glands formed 6% in relation to all tumours which develop in a human; in stomatological oncology they make a greater particle (portion).

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Adenomas: pleomorphic (polymorphic), monomorphic (oxyphilic, adenolimphoma, other types).

Mucoepidermoid tumour. Acinocell tumour. Carcinoma: adenoceles, adenocarcinoma,

epidermoid undifferentiated carcinoma in a polymorphic adenoma (the malignant mixed tumor).

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Classification of salivary glands tumors (World Health Protection Organozation):

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Pleomorphic (polymorphic) adenoma:

is most widespread of salivary glands ephithelial tumours. Formed near 50% tumours of this localization. Almost 90% of cases they are located in a parotid gland.

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Pleomorphic adenoma

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A monomorphic adenoma

is the bening tumour of salivary glands (1—3%); it is localized mainly in a parotid gland. A tumour grows slowly

Histological classification: oxyphilic; adenolimphomas; basal cells; light cells; mucoepidermal adenomas

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Oxiphilic adenoma (onkocytomas)

are built by large oxiphilic cells with small grains in a cytoplasm.

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ADENOLIMPHOMAS

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8.2 8.3

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MUCOEPIDERMAL ADENOMAS

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A) THE MALIGNANT EPHITHELIAL TUMOURS OF SALIVARY GLANDS

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B) THE TUMULAR DISEASES -limphoepitelial defeat;-sialosis;-oncocytosis (at adults).

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DISEASES OF LIPS, TOUNGE AND SOFT TISSUE OF MOUTH CAVITY Cheilitis:

exfoliatic; glandular; pin; meteorological (actinic); granulomatic; Cheilitis of Manganotti; inflammation of mouth corners; furuncle of lips; erysipelas (rose)

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GLOSSITIS

desquamative glossitis; diamond-shaped glossitis; black pilose tongue; chronic glossitis.

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STOMATITIS(select next groups): traumatic; infectious; allergic; as a result of exogenous intoxications; at somatic illnesses; at dermatosiss

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HERPETIC STOMATITIS

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CANDIDAL STOMATITIS

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Tubular hyphens (9.3)

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Pre-tumours changes

leuoplacy; erytroplacy; chailitis of Manganotti.

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LEUOPLACY (9.4)

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LEUOPLACY (9.5, 9.6)

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VILLOMA

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FLAT-CELLS CANCER (9.8; 9.9)

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CANCER IN SITU (9.10)

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FLAT-CELLS KERATOSIC CANCER (9.11)

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FLAT-CELLS unKERATOSIC CANCER (9.12)

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Thank you for attention!