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tUm. ap-l½-Zv a-PoZv

078

B-bpÀ-thZ-s¯ B-[p\n-I im-kv-{X-hp-am-bn _-Ôn-¸n-¨v B-tKm-f-X-e-¯n Z-i-e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v t]-cpsS {]-Xo-£-bpw B-th-i-hp-ambn am-dn-b Po-hn-¡p-¶ C-Xn-lm-k-am-Wv tUm. ap-l½-Zv a-PoZv. G-sX-¦nepw H-t¶m ctïm hn-ti-j-W-§-fn H-Xp-§p-¶Xà tUm. a-Po-Zn-sâ hy-àn-Xzw. K-th-jI³, im-kv-{XÚ³, kw-cw-`-I³, s]m-Xp-{]-hÀ-¯I³... A§-s\ ]-e \n-e-I-fn {]-ap-J-\m-Wv A-t±lw. tUm. a-Po-Znsâ kz-´w kw-cw-`amb km-an em-_v-kn 1200 t]À t\-cn-«v sXm-gn-se-Sp-¡p¶p. \yq-{Skyq-«n-¡Âkv, sI-an-¡Âkv, tIm-kv-sa-Iyq-«n-¡Âkv, {U-Kv-kv F-¶n§-s\ hn-hn-[- D-Xv-]-¶-§-fp-sS \nÀ-am-W-¯n {i-²-tI-{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Øm-]-\w.

a-\pjy Po-hn-Xw ]p-jv-I-e-am¡p-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p a-Po-Zn-sâ F-¡m-e-s¯bpw B-{K-lw. Cu tam-lw k-^-e-am-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ `m-K-am-bm-Wv km-an em-_v-kv F-¶ Øm-]-\-¯n-\v A-t±lw XpS-¡w Ip-dn-¨-Xv. Im-bepw Xo-chpw a-t\m-lmcn-X XoÀ-¡p¶ sImÃw PnÃ-bn _n-kn-\-kp-Im-c\m-b ap-l½-ZvIp-ªp-,^m-¯n-a- Z¼Xn-I-fpsS a-I-\m-bm-Wv P-\\w. ]n-Xm-hv a-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ a-Po-Zn-\v {]m-bw 12 h-bkv. Hu-]-Nmcn-I hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sm³ku-`mKyw e-`n-¡m-sX t]m-b-h-cn s]-«-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p am-Xm-hv ^m-¯n-a. AXp-sIm-ïv X-sâ aI-\v sNdn-b hn-Zym-`ym-kw sIm-Sp-¯m t]m-c, h-ep-XpX-s¶ th-W-sa-¶-Xv A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-Xm-`n-em-j-am-bn-cp-¶p. B {]-Xo-£-

]mäâp-I-fp-sS amÌÀ s{_-bn³

IÄ A-£-cmÀ-Y-¯n a-I³ \n-d-th-äp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p F-¶p ]-d-bmw. {Im-h³ FÂ-FwF-kv kv-Iq-fn-se-bpw sImÃw ^m¯n-a am-Xm tIm-sf-Pn-sebpw ]T-\-¯n-\p ti-jw A-t±-lw 1973 Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw sa-Un-¡Â tIm-sf-PnÂ-\n-¶v ^mÀ-a-kn-bn _n-cp-Zw t\-Sn.

Xp-SÀ-¶v D-]-cn-]T-\-¯n-\m-bn sX-c-sª-Sp¯v bp-F-kv-F B-bn-cp¶p. hn-tZ-i-kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-I-fn ]T-\-¯n-\p-Å bm-{X-IÄ A-]qÀ-h-am-bn am-{Xw I-ïn-cp-¶ A-¡m-e-¯v, 1975 a-Po-Zv A-ta-cn-¡-bn-te-bv-¡p bm-{X Xn-cn-¨p. sN-¿p-¶ Im-cy-§-fn-seÃmw B-ß-hn-izm-khpw C-Om-i-ànbpw Im-¯p-kq-£n-¨ hy-àn-Xz-am-bn-cp-¶p a-Po-Zn-tâXv. C-Xp-Imc-Ww ]-cm-P-b-§Ä hÃm-sX A-\p-`-hn-t¡-ïn h-¶nÃ. A-ta-cn-¡-bn tem-Mv sF-e³-Uv bq-\n-th-gv-kn-än-bnÂ-\n-¶v C³-U-kv-{Sn-b ^mÀ-a-kn-bn _n-cp-Zm\-´-c _n-cp-Zw t\-Sp-I-bm-Wv BZyw sN-bv-XXv. ti-jw PFizer Pq-\n-bÀ k-bân-Ìm-bn tNÀ¶p. ]n-¶oSv PFizer C³-tImÀ-¸-td-än-sâbpw ImÀ-s«À sh-sÃ-bv-kn-sâbpw BÀ&Un-bn- A-t±-lw tPm-en sN-bvXp. \yq-P-gv-kn-bn-se ]mtIm dn-kÀ-¨n-sâ t{]m-U-Iv-äv sU-h-e-]v-saâv hn-`m-Kw ta-[m-hn-bmbpw \n-b-an-X-\mbn. F-¦nepw A-dn-hp-w A-\p-`-hhpw t\-Sm-\p-Å A-t±-l-¯n-sâ B-{K-l-§Ä A-h-km-\n-¨n-cp-¶nÃ. A-Xn-\m Â, skâv tPm¬-kv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bn tUm-Iv-ä-td-än-\p tNÀ¶p. Po-hn-¡m-\mbn cm-hn-se sXm-gn-se-Sp-¡p-Ibpw ti-jw ]n-.F-¨v-.Un-bn {i-²n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p a-PoZnsâ co-Xn.

kz-]v-\-§Ä km-£m-Xv-I-cn-¡m³ dn-_-em-bn amdp-IB-bpÀ-thZ-s¯ B-[p-\n-I km-t¦-Xn-I-X-bp-am-bn _-Ôn-¸n-¨v ]pXn-sbm-cp kw-cw-`-¯n-\v XpS-¡w Ip-dn-¡m³ ]n-s¶ Xm-a-kn-¨nÃ. 1988Â, ]m-äânÃm-¯ a-cp-¶p-I-fpsS P-\-dn-Iv C\§Ä A-ta-cn-¡-bn-te-bv-¡v C-d-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw hnÂ-¸-\ \-S-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-ambn \yq-P-gv-kn-bn k-_n³k tImÀ-¸-td-j³ F-¶ t]-cn H-cp Øm-]-\-¯n-\v Xp-S-¡-an«p. ssh-Im-sX C-´y³ Hu-j-[- D-Xv-]-¶-§-fp-sS C-d-¡p-a-Xnbpw hnÂ-¸-\bpw A-t±-lw bp-F-kn ]-co-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbv-Xp.

BbpÀ-th-Zw tem-I-s¯Ãm-hÀ¡pw FÃm A-kp-J-§Ä¡pw an-I-¨ i-a-\n-bm-sW-¶ Im-cyw BZyw temI-s¯ A-dn-bn-¨-h-cn H-cmÄ tUm. a-Po-Zv B-bn-cp¶p. A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-sc kw-_-Ôn-¨v XoÀ-¨-bmbpw C-sXm-cp ]pXn-b A-dn-hm-bn-cp-¶p. 70I-fp-sS Xp-S-¡-¯n Cu Zn-i-bn A-t±-lw sNbv-X {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä AhÀ-¡n-S-bn Cu ssh-Zy-im-kv-{X im-J-bv¡v an-I-¨ kzo-Im-cy-X t\-Sn-s¡m-Sp¯p. B-bqÀ-th-Z-¯n-sâ Kp-W-§Ä A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ-¡n-S-bn NÀ-¨-bm-hp-Ibpw H-cp _-Z Nn-In-Õm kw-hn-[m-\-am-bn Ahc-Xn-s\ Im-Wp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. 2000t¯m-sS H-cp tImw-¹n-saâ-dn sa-Un-kn³ F-¶ \n-e-bn B-bpÀ-th-Zw P-\-{]o-Xn-bmÀ-Pn-¡p-Ibpw C-t¸mÄ Câ-t{K-äv sa-Un-kn³ F-¶ X-e-¯n-te-bv-¡v D-b-cp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p¶p. B-[p\n-I km-t¦-Xn-I-X-bn Nm-en-¨ a-cp-¶p-I-fp-sS hÀ-[n-¨ B-hiyw ap-¶n¡-ïv A-t±-

tem-I-sa-§p-apÅ ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v BfpI-fpsS {]-Xo-£-bpw A-th-i-hp-amWv kman em-_vkv F-¶ ^mÀ-a-kyq-«n-¡Â kw-cw-`-¯n-sâ D-S-abpw sN-bÀ-am-\pam-b tUm. ap-l½-Zv a-Po-Zv. H-cp kw-cw-`-I Ip-Spw-_-¯nÂ-\n-¶p-Å A-t±-lw X-sâ ITn-\m-[zm-\-¯mepw kz-{]-b-Xv-\-¯mepw \yq-{S-kyq-«n-¡Â-kv hy-h-kmb-s¯ \-ho-I-cn¡p-I am-{X-aà cm-Py¯-nsâ h-fÀ-¨-bn hen-b ]-¦p-h-ln-¡p-Ibpw IqSn sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p.

079

lw km-an sa-Un-¡Â-kv & F-Iv-kv-{Sm-Iv-äv-kv en-an-ä-Un-s\ km-an em-_v-kv en-anä-Uv F-¶ t]-cn _mw-¥q-cn-se kn¡-km-{µ-bn 1991 c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-bvXp. K-th-j-W-]-cam-b ]T-\-§Ä¡v C-hn-sS Xp-S-¡-anSp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.

H-cp K-th-j-I³ F-¶-XnÂ-\n¶v H-cp hym-]m-c-Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ ta-[m-hn F-¶-Xn-te-bv-¡v a-Po-Zn-sâ am-äw G-sd shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ \n-d-ª-Xm-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw A-t±-la-Xv A-\m-bm-kwX-s¶ t\-cn«p. IÀ-tam-Õp-Iam-b hy-ànXzw F-¶ \n-e-bn X-sâ tPm-en-bn ]-cn-]qÀ-Wam-b B\-µw I-sï-¯p-¶ hy-àn-bm-Wv tUm. a-PoZv. B-gv-N-bn G-gp Znh-kw sXm-gn sN-bv-Xm t]mepw a-Xn-bm-hnà F-¶ A-`n-{]m-b-¡m-c-\m-Wv A-t±lw. t\À-¡p-t\-sc-bpÅ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-Ifpw k-ao]-\-§fpw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ hy-àn-Xz-¯n-\v am-äp-Iq-«p¶p. hn-\-bhpw em-fn-Xyhpw Xp-d-¶ k-ao-]-\hpw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ kz-`m-h-¯n-se A-Xym-IÀ-j-I L-S-I-§-fmWv. X-sâ 68mw h-b-knepw ]T\w, hn-Zym-`ym-kw Xp-S-§n-b-h-bn A-t±-lw A-£o-Ww b-Xv-\n-¡p-¶p.

lm³-_-dn-bp-am-bn Zp-_m-bnÂA-ta-cn-¡-bnepw bq-tdm-¸n-epw C-´y-bn-epw {i-²-]-Xn-¸n-¨-t¸mÄ X-s¶ bp-FC-sb X-sâ _n-kn\-kv ta-J-e-bp-sS {]-tXy-I C-S-am-bn A-t±-lw I-ïn-cp-¶p. 1997em-Wv tUm. a-PoZv Zp-_m-bn X-sâ B-Zy kw-cw-`am-b lm³_-dn Fze¡v XpS-¡w Ip-dn-¨Xv. slÂ-¯v ^p-Up-IÄ¡pw tIm-kv-sa-än-Iv-kn\pw B-h-iyamb ss^säm D-Xv-]-¶§Â, ss^täm ]u-U-dpIÄ, s{]m-_-tbm-Sn-Ivkv, F³-ssk-apIÄ, ss^³ sI-an-¡Âkv, tIm-kvsa-kyq-«n¡Â, an-\-dÂ-kv F¶n-h \Â-Ip-¶ an-Un Cu-kv-än-se {]ap-J Øm-]-\-am-Wv lm³-_dn. D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä-¡v an-I-¨ D-Xv-]-¶-§Ä e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn am-s\-Pv-saâv, dn-kÀ¨v, U-h-e-]v-saâv, Izm-fn-än I¬-t{SmÄ, amÀ-¡-än-Mv ta-J-e-I-fn -{]-K-Û-cm-b s{]m-^-j-\-ep-I-sf-bm-Wv \n-b-an-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. tem-I-¯n-sâ hnhn-[ `m-K-§-fnÂ-\n-¶v ti-J-cn-¡p-¶ F-Iv-kv-{Sm-Iv-äp-IÄ kw-kvI-c-W {]-{In-b-IÄ-¡m-bn lm³-_-dn-bn F-¯n-¡p-I-bpw D-Xv-]-¶-§-fm-¡n am-än-sb-Sp-¡p-I bpw sN-¿p¶p. P-_ A-en {^o-tkm-Wn 10,000 N-Xpc-{i A-Sn-bn-em-Wv lm³_-dn sh-bÀ-lukpw Un-kv-{Sn-_yq-j³ skâdpw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶Xv. B-{^n-¡, a-t[yjy, In-g-¡-t\-jy F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn lm³-_-dn-bpsS D-Xv-]-¶-§Ä F-¯n-¡p-¶p.

an-I-¨ I-Ì-aÀ k-t¸mÀ-«v kw-hn-[m-\-amWv lm³-_-dn-bp-sS a-sämcp {]-tXy-I-X. D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä-¡m-bn hy-Xykv-X Ø-e-§-fn D-Xv-]-¶-§-sf-¸-änbpw amÀ¡-äv s{S³-Un-s\-¸-änbpw I-Ì-aÀ kÀ-hn-kv Sow sk-an-\m-dp-IÄ kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A-h-cnÂ-\n-¶v \nÀ-tZ-i-§fpw A-`n-{]m-b-§fpw kzo-I-cn-¨v B-h-iyam-b A\´c \-S-]-Sn-I-fpw ssI-sImÅp¶p.

I-gn-hn-\v kz-]v-\w-Im-Wm³ t]mepw I-gn-bm¯-Xv ITn-\m-[zm\w-sIm-ïv t\Smw_u-²n-I-kz-¯-h-Im-i-¯n-sâ h-en-sbm-cp `m-Kw kz-´-am¡n-b AÛp-X a-\p-jy-\m-Wv tUm. ap-l½-Zv a-Po-Zv. 134 A-´m-cm-{ã ]m-äâp-I-fm-Wv A-t±-l-¯n-sâ kz-´w t]-cn-ep-ÅXv. C-Xn aq-s¶-®w- A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se \yq-P-gv-kn dn-kÀ-¨v Bâv U-h-e-]v-saâv Iu¬-kn F-®p¶-Xv s_-Ìv t]-äâp-I-fm-bm-Wv.

A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ-¡n-S-bn B-bpÀ-thZ-s¯ ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯nb tUm. a-Po-Zv I-gn-ª 25 hÀ-j-¯n-\n-sS X-sâ F-gp¯pw {]-`m-j-W-hpw ¢n-\n-¡Â ]-cn-io-e-\-§-fpw-sIm-ïv ]m-Ým-Xy cm-Py-§Ä-¡n-S-bn B-bpÀ-thZ-s¯ Iq-Sp-X hn-iz-k-\o-bhpw im-kv-

K-th-j-Wm-[n-ãn-Xam-b hn-I-k-\-{i-a-§Ä I-¼-\n-¡v 2002 \m-j-\ R&D ]p-c-kv-Im-c-hpw 1995 Kp-W-ta³-a-bv¡pw \q-X-\-bv-¡pw t_-kn-Iv {U-Kv A-hmÀUpw t\-Sn-s¡m-Sp¯p. K-th-j-W-¯nepw hn-I-k-\-¯nepw G-ä-hpw an-I-¨ I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡pÅ \yq-{S F-Iv-k-e³-kv ]p-c-kv-Im-chpw Øm-]-\-¯n-\v e-`n¨p. k-aq-l-¯n-\v A-t±-lw \Â-In-b kw-`m-h-\-IÄ ap-³-\nÀ-¯n 2004 bp-F-knse NECO Kq-¸v A-t±l-s¯ CÃnkv sFeâv sa-U Hm-^v Hm-WÀ \Â-In B-Z-cn¨p. ]p-c-kv-Imc§Ä-s¡m-¸w A-t±-lw A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se \yq-{S-kyq-«n-¡Â hy-h-km-b-¯n-se A-Xn-Im-b-cp-sS ]-«n-Ibm-b lmÄ H-^v se-Pâv-knepw Øm-\w ]n-Sn-¨p. 2016 dn-kÀ-¨v B³-Uv sU-h-e-]v-saân an-I-hn-\p-Å ]p-c-kv-Im-chpw tUm. a-Po-Zn-\v e-`n-¨p.

080

{Xo-b-hp-am-¡n amän. A-t±-l-¯n-sâ ImÀ-an-I-Xz-¯n Kp-W-ta³-a-tb-dnb hn-`-h-§-fp-sS C-´y-bnÂ-\n-¶p-Å I-b-äp-a-Xn-¡v H-cp {]-tXy-I ]mX Xs¶ kr-ãn-¨p. ITn-\m-[zm-\hpw Pn-Úm-kbpw C-t¸mgpw Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-Wv F-¶-Xm-Wv tUm. a-Po-Zn-sâ {]-tXy-I-X. Hu-j-[-k-ky-§-fp-sS hym-]-\-¯n-\v C-t¸mgpw X-¶m-em-hp¶-Xv A-t±-lw sN-¿p¶p. IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v A-h hn-e-sIm-Sp-¯p hm-§n-s¡m-Åm-sa-¶ D-d-t¸m-sS C¯-cw k-ky-§Ä Ir-jn sN-¿m³ \Â-Ipw. C-´y-bn Hu-j-[-k-ky-§Ä I-cm-d-Sn-Øm-\-¯n Ir-jn N-¿n-¡p-¶-Xn ap-³-\n-c-bn-epÅ-Xv km-an em-_v-km-Wv.

kvt\-lw \Â-Im³ k-t´mjw, Xn-cn-¨p In-«n-bm A-aqeywk-aq-l-¯n-se Zp-cn-X-_-m[nX-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-t±-lw H-cp ]pXn-b Zu-Xy-¯n-\v XpS-¡w Ip-dn-¨n-«p-ïv þ tUm. a-Po-Zv ^u-tïj³. C-´y-bn-se G-sd ]n-¶m-¡-¡mcm-b Ip-Spw-_-§-fn-se Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v hn-Zym-`ym-kw \ÂIp-I F-¶ Zu-Xy-am-Wv ^u-tï-j³ G-sä-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. Z-cn-{Z Ip-Spw-_-§-fn-se ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d-bv-¡v hn-Zym-`ym-kw \Â-In cm-{ã ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn Ah-sc ]-¦m-fn-I-fm-¡p-I F-¶-Xm-W-v e£yw. A-hcpw km-aqln-Iþkm-¼-¯n-I ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-sS `m-K-amI-Ww F-¶ ZoÀ-LIm-e e-£yw-h-¨p-Å-Xm-Wv ]-²-Xn. 2010 \-hw-_À H-¶n-\-Iw C-¯-c-¯n-epÅ 1743 Ip-«n-IÄ sIm-¨n-bn-epw 998 Ip-«n-IÄ IÀ-Wm-S-I-bn-se Ip-\-K-enepw FwFkv Hm-^n-kv, sU-kv-Iv tSm-]v B-¹n-t¡-j³ tkm-^v-äv sh-bÀ F-¶n-h-bn ]-cn-ioe-\w ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n.

km-an-bp-sS K-th-j-Wm-[n-ãn-Xam-b hn-I-k-\-{i-a-§Ä I-¼-\n-¡v 2002 \m-j-\ R&D ]p-c-kv-Im-c-hpw 1995 Kp-W-ta³-a-bv¡pw \q-X-\-Xz-¯n-\p-apÅ t_-kn-Iv {U-Kv A-hmÀUpw t\-Sn-s¡m-Sp¯p. K-th-j-W-¯nepw hn-I-k-\-¯nepw G-ä-hpw an-I-¨ I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡pÅ \yq-{S F-Iv-k-e³-kv ]p-c-kv-Im-chpw Øm-]-\-¯n-\v e-`n¨p. k-aq-l-¯n-\v A-t±-lw \Â-In-b kw-`m-h-\-IÄ ap-³-\nÀ-¯n 2004 bp-F-knse NECO {Kq-¸v A-t±l-s¯ CÃnkv sFeâv sa-U H^v Hm-WÀ \Â-In B-Z-cn¨p. ]p-c-kv-Imc§Ä-s¡m-¸w A-t±-lw A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se \yq-{S-kyq-«n-¡Â hy-h-km-b-¯n-se A-Xn-Im-b-cp-sS ]-«n-Ibm-b lmÄ H-^v se-Pâv-knepw Øm-\w ]n-Sn-¨p. 2016 dn-kÀ-¨v B³-Uv sU-h-e-]v-saân an-I-hn-\p-Å ]p-c-kv-Im-chpw tUm. a-Po-Zn-\v e-`n-¨p.

kman, A-Rv-Pp a-PoZv, j-lo³ a-Po-Zv F-¶n-hÀ a-¡-fm-Wv. tPm¬ tlm-]v-In³-kv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bnÂ-\n-¶v Po-h-im-kv-{X-¯n _n-cp-Zm\-´-c _n-cp-Zw t\Sn-b A-Rv-Pp an-I-¨ im-kv-{X-Ú-bmWv. ]n-Xm-hn-sâ h-gn-bn- _n-kn-\-kp-Im-c-\m-Wv F-¡-tWm-av-In-k _n-cp-Zhpw _n-kn-\-kn _n-cp-Zm\-´-c _n-cp-Zhpw t\Sn-b a-I³ j-lo³ a-Po-Zv.

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IpSp§nbXv ^vfmäv X«n¸nemWv. \nch[n ]²XnIÄ KÄ^pImsâ ]Whpambn ap§n.]eÀ¡pw kz´amsbmcp hmk Øew F¶ kz]v\amWv s]menªsX¦n aäpNneÀ¡v \m«nsemcp Ønchcpam\amWv CÃmXmbXv. XpSÀ¨bmb C¯cw kw`h§fn \n¶v Hcp ]mThpw KÄ^pImc³ ]Tn¨nÃ. X«n¸pIÄs¡Xnsc \nba\S]Snbpambn apt¶m«pt]mbm \oXn e`n¡pw F¶ {]Xo£bpanÃ. ]cmXnbp ambn apt¶m«p hcpt¼mÄ A[nIrXÀ BZyw ]dbpI tIkn\mkv]Zamb kw`hw \S¶Xv KÄ^nembXn\m AhnsS ]cmXn \ÂIWsa¶mIpw. AtXmsS DÄhenbpIbmWv ]ecpw. kÀ¡mÀ ]²XnIsf {]hmknIfpambn _Ôn¸n¡p¶Xnepw {]hmkn Iq«mbvaIÄ¡v hnPbn¡m\mbnÃ. kÀ¡mÀ kwhn[m\§fpw ChnsS ]cmPbs¸SpIbmbncp¶p. t\mÀ¡ dq«vknsâ {]Jym]nX e£y§fnsem¶mWv hntZis¯ tPmen\ãs¸«v Xncn¨p hcp¶ {]hmkn aebmfnbpsS]pc[nhmkw. t\mÀ¡ dq«vkv \nehn h¶ tijw \n ch[n kmlNcy§fn aebmfnIÄ Xncn¨ph¶p. BtKmf km¼¯nI amµys¯ XpSÀ¶v, \nXmJm¯ns\ XpSÀ¶v, sba³ kwLÀjs¯ XpSÀ¶v...C§s\ Xncn¨ph¶hcpsS IW¡pIÄ tiJcn¨XÃmsX F{Xt]À ]pc[nhkn¡s¸«p.

hntZi¯v ]WnsbSp¡pt¼mÄ \mSnsâ k¼ZvLS\sb {]Xy£ambpw ]tcm£ambpw iàam¡nbhcmWv {]hmknIÄ ]s£ \m«nse _Päv {]Jym]\§fn Øncambn {]hmknIfpsS ]pc[nhmkw hnkvacn¡s¸SpIbmWv. KÄ^n \n¶v ]e ta-JeIfnepw A´mcm{ã \nehmcapÅ k-vInÃpambmWv ]ecpw Xncn¨phcp¶Xv CXv {]tbmP\s¸Sp¯m³ \m«nse kÀ¡mdn\v IgntbïXmbncp¶p.

ImÀjnI hyhkmbw, I¨hSw, tkh\w, DÂ]mZ\w, sNdp InS CS¯cw kwcw`§Ä F¶o taJeIfmWv {]hmkn ]p\c[nhmk¯n\mbn kÀ¡mÀ Iïs¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. C¡mcy§fn {]mtbmKnI \nÀtZiw \ÂIm³ {]hmkn Iq«mbvaIÄ¡v IgnbWw.

]pXp{]hmkw t\cnSp¶ {]XnkÔnIÄF®bpsS cm{ãobw IqSpX Xnf¡pIbmWv. D ]mZ\w Ipd¨v hn]Wnbn hne DbÀ¯m\pÅ Hs]Iv Xocpam\w Ct¸mÄ Nne \à ^e§Ä Dïm¡p¶p. F¦nepw ISp¯ km¼¯nI \nb{´Whpw \npIXn LS\bnte¡pÅ NphSpsh¸w XpScm³ Xs¶bmWv an¡ cmPy§fpsSbpw Xocpam\w. _mcen\v 60 tUmfdn\¸pdw F®hne Dbcm\nSbnevsf¶ Xncn¨dnhv Xs¶bmWv Cu \o¡¯n\v KÄ^v cmPy§sf t{]cn¸n¡p¶Xpw.

hnIk\ sNehpIÄ sh«n¨pcp¡m³ ]pXnb kml-Ncyw KÄ^v `cWIqS§sf t{]cn¸n¨p Ignªp. AXns³d \S]SnIÄ ]teS§fnepw XpScpIb-

mWv. h³InS ]²XnIÄ ]p\chtemI\w sNbvXXv Nne kzImcy IcmÀ Øm]\§Ä {]XnkÔnbnem¡nbncp¶p. F® I¼\nIfnepw aäpw anI¨ i¼ft¯msS tPmen sN¿¶ hensbmcp hn`mKw Ct¸mÄ Xs¶ B[nbnemWv. ]e I¼\nIfpw Poh\¡msc ]ncn¨phnSp¶XpÄs¸sS ISp¯ \S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mïp. B\pIqey§Ä sh«n¡pd¡p¶ {]hWX F® I¼\nIfn am{Xw ]cnanXs¸Sp¶nÃ. ]pXnb dn{Iq«vsa³dpIÄ \S¯m³ ]e I¼\n Ifpw hnk½Xn¡p¶ kml-Ncyhpw Dïv.

_Z km¼¯nI hgnIÄ tXSm³ an¡ KÄ^v cmPy§fpw Xocpam\n¨p Ignªp. \nIpXnLS\bnte¡v IqSn Pn.kn.kn cmPy§Ä NphSpsh¡pIbmWv. aqeyhÀ[nX \nIpXn ASp¯ hÀjw apX bmYmÀYyamIpw. {]hmk temIs¯ PohnXw IqSpX sNethdnbXmIp¶p F¶XmWv CXn BZy Xncn¨Sn. Ct¸mÄ Xs¶ _m¡nsh¸v A[nIsam¶panÃm¯ hn[w ]ctZi¯p Xs¶ sNehntSï KXn-tISnemWv CS¯cw {]hmkn IpSpw_§fn `qcn`mKw. sshZypXn, shÅw DÄs¸sSbpÅh¡v GÀs¸Sp¯nb k_vknUn ]n³hen¡pIbpw hne \nb{´Ww ]n³hen¡pIbpw sN¿¶tXmsS Cu hn`mKw ]ctZi¯v IqSpX sRcp§pw.

A´mcm{ã hn]Wnbn F® hne F´p sImïmIpw C§s\ Iq¸pIp¯p¶Xv? ]e IW¡pIfpw hnebncp¯epw CXpambn _Ôs¸«v ]pd¯p h¶n«pïv. KqUmtemN\m knZ[m´§Ä¡pw IpdhnÃ. DuXnhoÀ¸n¨ Hcp hnebmbncp¶p F®bpsS Imcy¯n Dïmbncp¶sX¶pw Ct¸mÄ AXv Gsd¡psd bYmÀY DÂ]mZ\ hnebnte¡v hcnI am{XamWv DïmbsX¶pw IcpXp¶hcpïv.

{][m\ F® DÂ]mZI cmPy§fnse B`y´c {]iv\§fpw ]Ýntajy³ taJebpsS s]mXphmb Aim´nbpw F®hne Ip¯s\ Dbtcï kml-NcyamWv krãnt¡ïXv. CdmJv, en_nb, kndnb DÄs¸sS {][m\ F® DÂ]mZI cmPy§fn XpScp¶ cm{ãob Imepjyhpw B`y´c kaky-Ifpw CXns\ icnsh¡Ww. ba\n lq¯n hnaXÀ¡v e`n¨ taÂss¡ F® DÂ]mZ\¯n henb {]XnkÔn¡v ImcWambn«pïv. e_\m³ DÄs¸sS taJebnse aäp cmPy§fpsS B`r´c ØnXnbpw `n¶aÃ.C\n Gähpw IqSpX DÂ]mZ\w \S¡p¶ KÄ^v taJebnte¡p h¶mepw ØnXn A{Xsbm¶pw ip`IcaÃ. CdmJpambn 800 IntemaoäÀ AXnÀ¯n ]¦nSp¶ kuZn t\cnSp¶ kpc£m shÃphnfn sNdpXÃ. ba³ {]XnkÔn aqÀOn¨tXmsS AXpw kuZn kpc£¡v henb shÃphnfnbmWv DbÀ¯p¶Xv. taJebnse asämcpF® Dev]ZI cmPyamb djybpsS B`y´c

ØnXnbpw `n¶aÃ. Dss{I³ {]iv\¯n Atacn¡bpsSbpw bqtdm]y³ bq\n bsâbpw km¼¯nI D]tcm[w t\cnSpIbmWv djy. X§fpsS ]¡epÅ F®bpw {]IrXn hmXIw sImïpw AXns\ {]Xntcm[n¡msa¶ IW¡pIq«en Bbncp¶p ]pSn³ `cWIqSw. F¶m hnebnSnhns³d XpSÀ¨IÄ dq_nfns³d aqeyw h³tXmXn Ipd¨Xns³d k¦S hr¯m´§fmWv djybn \n¶pw]pd¯p hcp¶Xv. 2005 {]XnZn\w Hcp tImSn ho¸bmbncp¶p Atacn¡bnse F® Cd¡paXn. Ct¸mÄ AXv 70 e£w ho¸bpw.t\cs¯ hn]Wnbn hne {IamXoXambn DbÀ¶t¸mÄ I¡cn ]mfnIÄ¡nSbn IpSp§n¡nS¡p¶ sjbn Hmbn F¶ t]cnepÅ _Z F®bpsS DÂ]mZ\¯n Atacn¡ IqSpX tI{µoIcn¨psh¶Xv t\cv. F¶m Hcp ho¸ sjbn Hmbn DÂ]mZn¸n¡m³ 70þ75 tUmfÀ sNehv hcpsa¶ncns¡, Cu {]hWX A[nI Imew XpScm³ Ignbnevsf¶p Xs¶ Hs]Iv cmPy§Ä kam[m\n¡p¶p. hne Ip¯s\ DbÀ¶ L«¯n _Z DuÀP taJebn  hcp¯nb h³\nt£]w Hs]Iv kahmIyw A¸Sn XIÀ¡m³ IgnªXv bm¦n¡v \ÂIp¶ kwXr]vXn sNdpsXm¶paÃ.

Hcp P\hn`mKw F¶ \ne¡v aebmfnIÄ¡p Xs¶bmIpw CXv I\¯ BLmXambn amdpI. km¼¯nI A`bmÀYnIfmbn e£¡W¡n\v a\pjyÀ KÄ^n tPmen sN¿¶ kmlNcy¯n hntijn¨pw. Fgp]XpIfn iàns¸« IpSntbä¯n ]n¶n« ]¯p hÀjw Xncns¨mgp¡n³tdXmbncp¶p. AXv Iptd¡qSn iàns¸Sm³ F® hne¯IÀ¨ hgnsbmcp¡pw F¶p Xs¶bmWv KÄ^\p`h§Ä t_m[ys¸Sp¯p¶Xv.

thm«hImiw Xs¶ {][m\w25 e£¯ntesd C´y¡mÀ bp.F.Cbn am{Xapïv. C{Xtbsd a\pjyÀ¡v X§fpsS cm{ãob `mKt[bw \n ÀWbn¡m³ Ignbp¶nÃ. F¶ncns¡, thm«v sN¿ïXv Gähpw henb ]uc[ÀaamsW¶v \mw ]cky§fpsS {]fbw Xs¶ krãn¡p¶p. AXp Im¬sI, {]hmktemIs¯ Cu a\pjyÀ Nncn¡tWm? AtXm `cW kwhn[m\s¯ HmÀ¯v klX]n¡tWm? kp{]ow tImSXn, tI{µ sXcsªSp¸v I½oj³, tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ, cm{ãob ]mÀ«nIÄþChsbms¡ {]hmkn thm«ns³d Imcy¯n hncp² {[ph§fnem-Wv. thm«À ]«nIbn t]cpÅ {]hmknIÄ¡v \m«nes¯nbm thm«v sN¿³ km[n¡psa¶ km´z\w \ÂIp¶pïv NneÀ. AXp t]mepw X§Ä \ÂIp¶ GtXm HuZmcyw F¶ \ne¡mWv AhXcn¸¡s¸Sp¶-Xv. {]hmk temI¯ncp¶v thm«v sN¿³ Ahkcw e`n¨Xp sImïp am{Xw {]iv\§Ä Ahkm\n¡psa¶v Bcpw IcpXp¶nÃ. AtX kabw Hcp cm{ãob k½ÀZ {Kq¸mbn amdm³ {]hmkn thm«v hgnsbmcp¡pw F¶XmWv {][m\w. k½ÀZw sNep¯m³ Ignbm¯XmWv ImÂtImSnbntesd hcp¶ KÄ^v aebmfn thm«ÀamcpsS ]cm[o\XbpsS bYmÀY Im-cWw. H¸w, km¦tXnI XSk§Ä D¶bn¨v FÃm km[yXIsfbpw \ncmIcn¡pIsb¶ a\kpw amdWw.

P\mb¯ LSI§sf IqSpX ]cnt]mjn¸n¡m\pÅ anI¨ Ahkcambn Iïv {]hmknIsf IqSn tNÀ¯p \nÀ¯m³ \½psS apJy[mcm cm{ãobw XbmdmIWw. At¸mÄ am{Xta BlvfmZIcamb P\mb¯w ]pecq. At¸mÄ am{Xta kmaqlnI\oXnbpw bmYmÀYyamIq..

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