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Turn of the Century Immigration to the U.S. 1880-1921
1880
• 49% from NW Europe
• 27% from Eastern and Southern Europe
• 24% from the Rest of the World
1880
Northwestern Europe
Southern and EasternEuropeRest of the World
1910
• 16% from NW Europe
• 73% from Eastern and Southern Europe
• 11% from Rest of the World
1910
Northwestern Europe
Southern and EasternEuropeRest of the World
What change is evident?_________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Characteristics of the “New Immigrant”
• ____________________________
• ____________________________
• ____________________________
Push Factors (Get OUT!) • Economic Problems in Europe and Asia
1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 3. ______________________
• Political and Religious Persecution in Eastern Europe 1. ______________________
a. Pogroms=______________________ ___________________________ 2. _____________________________
Pull Factors (Come HERE!) • Economic Advantages in America
1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________ 3. ___________________________________
• Political and Religious Freedom in America 1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________ 3. ___________________________________
Journey Across the Atlantic • 10-15 day voyage by
steamship
• Could enter through any port city, but most ships traveled to _________
_______________
• Steerage Class Ticket _______________________
• 1st and 2nd class passengers did not have to be processed at an _______________________________
Steerage Conditions
• ___________________________________________
Ellis Island
________ of immigrants to America go through Ellis Island (1892-1920)
--”Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore…I lift my lamp beside the golden door.”
–Statue of Liberty Emma Lazarus
Immigrants Assimilate Into Society
� ___________________________________________________________ � ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
� ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
� __________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
• Americanization = helping newcomers learn American ways (______________________________________)
-In many cities institutions arose to help immigrants fit in (English classes, day care for working mothers, temporary housing)
• ____________________ • ____________ • ____________________
-Immigrants usually stuck with their native cultures but children of immigrants were more likely to adopt American ways.
Americanization
Hardships • ______________________________________________ • ______________________________________________ • ______________________________________________
Motivation For Nativism
• Fear, hostility, and suspicion • Prejudices based on race, ethnicity, religion
• Old Immigrants vs. New Immigrants “The immigrants are an invasion of venomous reptiles…long-‐‑
haired, wild-‐‑eyed bad-‐‑smelling, atheistic, reckless foreign wretches, who never did a day’s work in their lives.” –from a newspaper editorial
• Some similarities to today (i.e. jobs)
Restrictions on Immigration
� ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ � ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ � ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ � ____________________________________________________
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