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DEFINITION ;

An agent that produces a

temporary increase of the

functional activity or

efficiency of a organism or any

of its parts.

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Definition;

Also known as

immunostimulators.

Immunostimulants are the

substances that stimulate the

immune system by inducing

activation or increasing activityof any of its components.

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A number of disorders such as Autoimmune

diseases , cancer, & viral infections can be

treated with immunostimulant drugs.

They may affect innate as well as adaptiveimmunity.

These may work on cellular or humoral immune

system or both.

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BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS or

IMMUNOMODULATORS

Because

Variable effects in different conditions & ondifferent components of immune system.

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SPECIFIC IMMUNOSTIMULANTS;

Provide antigenic specificity in

immune response.

NONSPECIFIC IMMUNOSTIMULANTS;

Stimulate components of the

immune system without

antigenic specificity.

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It is an attenuated live culture of calmette-guerin strain of bacillus MYCOBACTERIUMBOVIS.

Active constituent is muramyl dipeptide.

Its action is Nonspecific

Stimulates T-cells & NK cells

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USES;

Treatment of urinary bladder

cancer

ADR;

Chills, fever, malaise [feeling of

discomfort], hypersensitivity

reactions, & shock.

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It is actually an anthelmintic drug.

Also stimulates T-cells, B-cells, monocyte, &

macrophage activity.

levamisole + 5-fluorouracil

Improve survival of patients suffering with

colorectal cancer [colon or rectum].

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Also used in patients with slow spreading

Vitiligo [depigmentation or discoloration of

skin].

ADR;Flu-like symptoms, allergic

manifestations, nausea, &

muscle pain.

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This drug is available for restricted use i.e

to treat erythema nodosum leprosum &

multiple myeloma because of its

immunomodulatory & anti-inflammatoryeffects.

It decreases TNF- levels in blood &

produces angiogenic effects.

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Interferons;

IFN-, IFN-1a & 1b, IFN-

Interleukin-2;Aldesleukin, opreleukin

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Group of peptide hormones synthesised by

thymus gland.

It regulates T-cell maturation &stimulates

IFNs & IL-2 production.Treatment of hepatitis.

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Nonspecific immunomodulator.

Treatment of urinary bladder cancer.

ISOPRINOSINEIt increases natural killer cell cytotoxicity &

activity of T-cells ,monocytes.

USES; common cold, influenza, herpes,

viral encephalitis, delaying the onset ofAIDS in patients infected with HIV.

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?TIME FOR DOUBTS

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THANK YOUPREPARED BY,N.NANTHINI