IMO Tier III ompliance …. and beyond: Global Perspective...1 IMO Tier III ompliance …. and...

1

IMO Tier III Compliance …. and beyond: Global Perspective 2nd CIMAC Circle on “MARPOL 2020 Compliance - Stakeholders Readiness” at Mumbai, 5 October 2019 Marc-Tran Heller, General Manager Asia Sales

2 |

Marine Regulations NOx- & Sulfur Emission Regulations & Emission Control Areas

PROPRIETARY CIMAC CIRCLE, MUMBAI INDIA | MARC-TRAN HELLER | WOODWARD | 5 OCTOBER 2019

2

https://www.wilhelmsen.com/marine-products/oil-solutions/ 0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Sulp

hu

r [%

]

Global ECA

2006

2005

2012

2014

Emission Control Areas

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

NO

x e

mis

sio

n le

vel

rela

tive

to

IMO

Tie

r 1

Tier 1 =100% Tier 2

Tier 3

https://www.yanmar.com/en_th/technology/technical_review/2018/0413_2.html

2016

https://www.wilhelmsen.com/marine-products/oil-solutions/








3 |

Marine Regulations Global Sulfur Emission Regulation


3

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Sulp

hu

r [%

]

Global ECA


From 2020 on only low sulfur fuels (<0.5%) allowed

Option 1

Retrofitting with scrubbers

Use of more expensive fuels (MGO/MDO/GTL/…)

Change to engines for alternative fuels (LNG/LPG)

Option 2

Option 3



4 | PROPRIETARY CIMAC CIRCLE, MUMBAI INDIA | MARC-TRAN HELLER | WOODWARD | 5 OCTOBER 2019

4

0

0,1

0,2

2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2027

PM

[g/

kWh

]

EPA Tier 3

EPA Tier 4 Diesel, DF, Gas

Stage 2

EU Stage IIIA

EU Stage V

China

EU

USA

Stage 1 not regulated

PM-Filter

IMO PM, HC, CO not regulated

High Speed Engines

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2027

PM

[g/

kWh

]

Medium Speed Engines

EPA Tier 4

EU Stage III=EPA Tier 2

China

EU

USA

Stage 1 = Stage 2

PM-Filter for HFO operated engines

IMO PM, HC, CO not regulated

not regulated

EU Stage V, Diesel & Gas

different limits for 2-stroke engines different limits for non-marine applications

Marine Regulations Particulate Matter Emission Regulation


5

Generally: Paris Agreement tightening emission

legislation

Marine: 2020 sulfur limit IMO-targets for CO2-reduction

Pathways for international shipping‘s CO2 emissions

LNG as marine fuel can help to massively reduce particulate and NOx-emissions and to lower greenhouse gas emissions

IMO-target for world fleet:

-50% compared to 2008

5

Premise for IMO-target: GHG neutral ships (new-built) must be available from 2030s

Marine Agreement Green House Gas Reduction


6

HFO

OME/DME/GTL

LPG

Future 2030 2020 Today

… Business as usual

… Our Passion

H2 low demand for ICE transition to fuel cells

Methanol/Ethanol increasing Power-to-Fuel

LNG Nowadays increasing demand due to Global Warming Potential of CH4

LSHFO/MDO Due to Sulfur Cap Retrofitting with Scrubbers

NH3 Presuming good combustion process (e.g. no N2O-emissions)

Alternative Fuels Expected Fuel Developments

http://inside/private/WLO/Documents/1_Members Company/Woodward_L'Orange.zip





7 |

Liquifaction of CH4 LNG

Reconversion to electricity

Fuel

- Methane

- Methanol

- DME, OME

- Diesel-like HC

- …

Synthesis

Electrolysis Hydrogen Power Supply


7

+ - O2 H2

e- H

2

O2

CO2

e.g. from:

Air or

Power Stations,

Steel Mill,

Biomass,

Breweries, ...

Water

e-

Power-to-X Principle

Defossilised

Marine Energy

& HFO-

Substitution by

LNG

Battery-backed

shore-side

electricity

8 |

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange (WLO) Solutions


8

Conventional fuel rack actuated Diesel engine applications and high pressure Common Rail systems with SCR

Woodward L’Orange Common Rail Fuel System with LECM - complete system solution

Micro-pilot based DF strategies System offering comprised of Gas

admission valves (SOGAV), Diesel main and µPilot injectors (Woodward L’Orange Single needle DF injector support), electric Waste Gate and LECM advanced control

System offering comprised of Gas admission valves, LECM offering advanced control, ignition and electric waste gate

Medium pressure Gas Admission (SOGAV) and High Pressure Direct Gas Injection (WLO)

9 |

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange Diesel Solutions


9

TECHNOLOGY MEETS INNOVATION: COMMON-RAIL SOLUTIONS Highest precision guarantees lowest emissions Robust design to reach highest lifetime expectations Customised to every application‘s unique requirements Made for remanufacturing to save costs

and protect the environment


1

0

Load recorder A load recorder allows to analyze life restricting parameters (number of injections, pressure,…) This is a base for condition monitoring: condition based service target-oriented REMAN

Data collection capabilities and communication devices open the door to even more advanced features …

Drift-compensation A sensor inside the injector allows to analyze the injection behavior. This is a base for electronic drift compensation: improved fuel consumption/emissions condition monitoring engine protection

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange Intelligent Injector Mk I

11 |

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange Dual Fuel Solutions


1

1

SYST

EM

CO

MB

UST

ION

P

RO

CES

S IG

NIT

ION

Single Port Injection Multi Port Injection High Pressure Injection

TC TC TC

homogeneous homogeneous inhomogeneous

𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐦𝐛𝐚𝐫 𝟖 𝐛𝐚𝐫 ≫ 𝟏𝟎 𝐛𝐚𝐫

homogeneous

Manifold

Spark Plug (Small Engines)

Pre-combustion Chamber with Spark Plug (Large Engines)

Diesel Pilot

HPGI high pressure gas direct injection Pre-chamber

Diesel Pilot

12 |

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange Dual Fuel Solutions


1

2

THE FUTURE IS MULTIFUNCTIONAL: DUAL-FUEL SYSTEMS Gas and dual-fuel operation ranks as one of the most innovative

technologies for a more flexible, more efficient and lower-emission use of large engines (lower NOx / IMO tier 3).

Dual-fuel systems are used in mobile application fields, such as LNG carriers, or in power plants with fluctuating gas supply.

As required, the applications can be operated with gas for reduced emissions as well as with liquid fuel. This ensures a lower “carbon footprint” with less CO2 emissions and less greenhouse gas.


1

3

- one hydraulic circuit - one high pressure pump - one centric single needle injector + Electronic closed loop control

Single Nozzle Dual Fuel

Marine Regulations Woodward L‘Orange Diesel Main & Pilot Injector (TWIN or Single Nozzle)

LFO HFO

Double Nozzle DUAL FUEL (TWIN)

Two circuits Divers pumps

Single Nozzle DUAL FUEL

LFO HFO

Pilot AND Main CR

Single Nozzle

One injector with one single nozzle based on well-known/approved injectors (High speed and medium speed applications)

14 |

Woodward L‘Orange High Pressure Dual Fuel Injector Combustion concept


1

4

Diesel Quenching Scavenging Gaps Virtually complete combustion

Low Pressure-Gas High Pressure-Gas

Gas

No Methane slip with high pressure direct injection

Power density and efficiency like a diesel engine

15 |

Woodward L‘Orange High Pressure Dual Fuel Injector Motivation: HPDF as a solution to lower GHG emissions


1

5

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Diesel engine Otto gas engine HPGI-high pressure gasdirect injection

CO

2 (

eq

uiv

ale

nt)

[g/

kWh

]

CO2 from combustion CO2 equivalent from methane slip

assumption: identical efficiency

Bonus from C-H ratio appr. 22%

Malus from Methane-slip appr. 5g CH4/kWh

Prevention of Methane-slip

IMO fleet Target 2050*

* schematic

GWP100 for CH4= 28 (time horizon 100 years)

16 |

Woodward L‘Orange High Pressure Dual Fuel Injector Injector design – development targets


1

6

Baseline: GD-injectors for Wärtsilä

Targets for new injector

Engine size (bore) > 320 mm 170 mm

Nozzle tip diameter 38 mm 25 mm

Gas pressure 350 bar 500 bar

Diesel technology 1400 bar PLN 2200 bar CR

Control oil / Sealing oil Engine oil Diesel

100 % Diesel Backup operation Yes Yes

Additional specifications for research prototypes

- Independent pressure levels for all fluids

17 |

Woodward L‘Orange High Pressure Dual Fuel Injector Injector design – Multi-needle Concept


1

7

HP-gas 500 bar

Base: LNG

Control fluid and gas sealing fluid

(MDO)

CR-System (MDO) Pilot- + Main Injection

2200 bar Injection quantity:

0,5 -100%

3 needles for gas 1 CR needle for MDO

Control valve for gas-needle activation

CR-Accu (MDO)

- GD-ENGINE - Zero methane slip

@ Diesel-like performance

18 |

Low caloric liquid fuel: Methanol @600bar

Woodward L‘Orange High Pressure Dual Fuel Injector Injector design – Multi-needle Concept


1

8

Control fluid and gas sealing fluid

(MDO)

CR-System (MDO) Pilot- + Main Injection

2200 bar Injection quantity:

0,5 -100%

3 needles for gas 1 CR needle for MDO

Control valve for gas-needle activation

CR-Accu (MDO)

- OTTO-FUELS - Use of E-Fuels

@ Diesel-like performance

Power-to-X !

19 |

Marine Regulations Woodward Gas Admission Solutions


1

9

GAS ADMISSION SOLUTIONS The performance and characteristics of a gas and dual-fuel internal

combustion engine are significantly influenced by Gas Admission Valves (SOGAV).

The SOGAV valves are a family of electrically-actuated, high-response gas admission valves for in-manifold (port) fuel admission. They are used on f4cycle, turbocharged, natural gas or dual-fuel engines. One SOGAV valve is required for each cylinder.

The SOGAV valve is designed as the valve portion of an overall gaseous fuel admission system delivering precise gas mass flow metering per cylinder. This enables gas engines and dual-fuel engines to operate lean burn, increased efficiency & reduced emissions.

SOGAVs are available with IGF code to meet marine compliance

20 |

Marine Regulations Woodward LECM Solutions


2

0

COMPLETE, SINGLE-UNIT ENGINE CONTROL: LECM The LECM provides an open and modular platform that can be built

up with interlocking modules into a single engine-mountable assembly. This control scheme uses a modular approach for both the electronic control modules hardware and software. These modules can be mixed and matched to address different applications all using the same software interface. This single-module approach lowers hardware, wiring and troubleshooting costs, while reducing development and installation time.

The features and benefits: Speed & load control, Air / fuel ratio control, Air, gas, exhaust flow control, Ignition & injector control, Misfire & knock detection, ROHS and marine-listed, Multiple CPUs

21 |

Marine Regulations Woodward LECM Solutions


2

1

Combines all the engine controls functions in one

Modular hardware– stacked or stand alone

Standard products & application software available for turn key solutions of Gas, Diesel or Dual Fuel.

Supports connectivity through Ethernet, real time data logging, analytics, diagnostics and prognostics

LECM software tools allows OEMs to build their IP on top of standard applications or port proprietary software on a open platform

EID BOARD MAIN BOARD AUX BOARD

2 Stack (MAIN + EID) 2 STACK (MAIN + AUX)

22 |

ALWAYS INNOVATING FOR A BETTER FUTURE

CIMAC CIRCLE, MUMBAI INDIA | MARC-TRAN HELLER | WOODWARD | 5 OCTOBER 2019

2

2

PROPRIETARY

Marc-Tran Heller General Manager Asia Sales Mobile: +86 (0) 18551101508 E-Mail: [email protected]

Date post:	08-Mar-2021
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	10 times
Download:	0 times