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Impact of Any Emergency in the Critical
Infrastructure
P O W E R
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Immense
Types of Emergencies
Manmade
Rap
id
on
se
t
Slo
w
on
se
t war
earthquake terrorist
attack
cyclone
flood vulcano Tech Failure
civil unrest
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Natural
Emergencies/Disasters
• Earthquake - Geotechnical Instability – Little Control
• Flood, Cloud Burst, Land Slide – Climate related – Little control
• Storms, Cyclones, Hurricane – Climate related – Little Control
• Technical Failures –
• Terrorist Attack / Bomb Explosions
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Risk Assessment
• Entire Response depends on this Anticipation & Assessment
• Cross Functional
• Continuous
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What is Emergency Management?
• The dynamic process of preparing for, mitigating, responding to and recovering from an emergency.
• Preparing for War During Peace.
• Success in War depends on your planning, preparing & training during peace.
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Why Emergency Response Planning?
• Quick and effective action is required during the onset of an emergency.
• Large amount resource mobilisation required.
• Effective action often depends on having plans in place before the disaster strikes.
• Large work force involved in ER – need to be mobilised/trained / briefed / prepared.
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Principal Elements of Preparedness • Risks and Vulnerabilities Analysis (the broad profile
of a projected emergency)
• External Preparedness (what other actors are capable of doing)
• Internal Capacity (what we are capable of doing)
• Preparedness Actions (results of the planning process)
• Identifying Resources – Human & Material
• Preparing Comprehensive Emergency Response Plans
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Objectives of Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
• Improve state of preparedness for meeting contingency.
• Reduce response time in organizing the ER
• Identify major resources, manpower, material and equipment needed to make the ER operational.
• Optimum use of combined resources.
• Clearly define Roles & Responsibility
• Establish clear chain of command
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Phases of Emergency Management
• Risk Anticipation / Assessment
• Prevention
• Preparedness
• Response
• Recovery
• Review & updation
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DM Act 2005
Section 36 :
Onerous responsibility on the Ministries to ensure that suitable Disaster Management measures are taken.
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DM Act 2005
Has brought into being a Policy, Legal and
Institutional Framework, backed by effective
statutory and financial support and outlined
an integrated approach to prevention and
mitigation measures.
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Disaster Management
• In India
–Apex body – NDMA
– EMRI – improve community preparedness
–DM Act 2005
–UNDP funded disaster risk management programme
–National disaster management framework
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• Mainstreaming of the Emergency Response
• Teams across functions & levels have to play critical role
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Cycle of ER management
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Mitigation • Preparedness
–Prepare action plans
• Evolve Processes for Prevention & Dealing with
• Emergency response teams
• Emergency warning methods
• Resource Planning
• Resources inventory building
• Alternative Mechanisms
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Mitigation • Response
– Mobilization of • Emergency teams
– Core emergency services
– Specialist teams
• First responders in area
• Implementing Alternatives
– Runs on • Principle of unified command
• Mutual aid
– Immediate needs are addressed
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Mitigation
• Recovery
–Restore affected area to previous state
–Rebuild, employ and repair
–“window of opportunity” for implementing long-term & comprehensive measures of mitigation
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Management of disasters
• Implementation of ERP
– Single command team at control centre - planning, monitoring, resource mobilization, liaison
– At site team - Repair/Replace, flow of information, recovery at site
– Management of communication-separate teams at site and control.
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During Impact
After Impact
Before Impact
PREPAREDNESS For PREVENTION &
MITIGATION
READINESS
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
RECOVERY & REHABILITATION Start
Disaster Management
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REVIEW RECALIBRATING RESPONSES/ERP
Risk Identification
Risk Mitigation
Risk Quantification
Business recovery
Crisis Management
Emergency Response
Planning & Recovery Process
INCIDENT
What was at RISK ?????
Generation
Distribution
Our Assets
Supply to Customers
Our Transforming Equipment
Our Employees
Our Company’s Image
Our Finances
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Success of any ERP depends on
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Continuous
• Training
• Briefing
• Rehearsals
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Training
Feedback/Review
Updation Rehearsal ERP
ERP • Not the job of ERP cell
• Involvement of all concerned Line & Functions Staff
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Training
Crucial to ER
• Institutional
• On the job
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ER •Has to become like a drill -
Automatic
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Snapshot of Deluge (26/7)
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Sub - Station preparedness
Flood Level Upto 3 Feet:
• Locations Identified
• Raised the Plinth of Substation Equipments
Substations in Basements:
• Locations Identified
• Customers objections in providing alternate locations at grnd
level. Property owners sensitized to the repercussions. 29
Sub - Station preparedness
Flood Level Above 3 Feet:
• Locations Identified.
• Stilt + 1 Up done in affected
Substations.
• Raised plinth level at some
of the substations.
• Sealed Ring Main Units
installed in substations.
• Hermetically Sealed
Distribution Transformers
installed at few locations.
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Disaster Preparedness
System
• Prioritisation of sensitive loads (Sewage Pumping Stn,
Hospitals, Schools, Tele Exchange etc.
• Insulation Coating on Air type Bus Bars in Sub Stn.
• Pre- Monsoon inspection and necessary corrective
actions carried out for all essential equipments.
• Secondary SCADA system put in place.
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Disaster Control Room
CENTRAL ER CONTROL ROOM -
SETTING UP OF CENTRAL ER CONTROL ROOM
Hotline Facility
Information
Management
Sharing ER Plan with Govt .
Machinery.
Issue of DOs & DON’T’s & Press Ads.
Sharing and
Dissemination of
Info
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