IMPACT OF LIGHTING AND REFRIGERATION ON ENVIORMENT

8/7/2019 IMPACT OF LIGHTING AND REFRIGERATION ON ENVIORMENT

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TEAM MEMBERS:

Bharath.S.Iyer

S.Bharathwaj

Selva Prabu





TYPES OF LIGHTIING

Task lighting ref ers to off ice lighting, where the task light is used

to increase luminance on the reading area.

Accent lighting is mainly decorative, intended to highlight

pictures, plants, or other elements of interior design or landscaping

General lighting f ills in between the two and is intended for

general illumination of an area.



IMPACT OF LIGHTING ON ENVIRONMENT

Light pollution, also k nown as photo pollution or luminous

pollution, is excessive or o btrusive artif icial light

Any adverse eff ect of artif icial light including light trespass, sky glow,

glare, light clutter, decreased visibility at night, and energy waste



TYPES OF LIGHT POLLUTION

1)Light Trespass:

Light trespass occurs when unwanted light enters one's pr o perty, for

instance, by shining over a neighbour's f ence.

2)Over-Illumination:

Over-illumination is the excessive use of light.

3) Glare:

Blinding glare describes eff ects such as that caused by

staring into the Sun.

Disability glare describes eff ects such as being blinded by

oncoming car lights, or light scattering in fog or in the eye

Discomfort glare does not typically cause a danger ous situation

in itself , though it is annoying and irritating at best



TYPES OF LIGHT POLLUTION(CONTD)

4) Sky glow:

Sky glow ref ers to the "glow" eff ect that can be

seen over po pulated areas. It is the com bination of all light

ref lected f r om what it has illuminated escaping up into the sky and

f r om all of the badly directed light in that area that also escapes

into the sky, being scattered (redirected) by the atmosphere back

toward the gr ound



CONSEQUENCES OF LIGHT POLLUTION

Energy waste

Eff ects on animal and human health and psychology

Disruption of ecosystems

Eff ect on astr onomy



HOW CAN WE REDUCE LIGHT POLLUTION?

Im pr oving lighting f ixtures

Adjusting types of light sources

Re-designing lighting plans



IMPACT OF LIGHTING ON HUMANS

Mood Attribution

The Body¶s Clocks

The Eye¶s Light Receptors

Body Rhythms

Sleep and Activity

Sleep Disorder or Something Else?



MENTALDISOR DERS EFFECTIVELY TREATED BYBRIGHTLIGHT

Seasonal Aff ective Disorder (including sub-syndr omal SAD)

Bipolar Disorder

Major Depression

Panic Disorder

Obsessive-Com pulsive Disorder

Social Anxiety Disorder

Bulimia

Obesity (when com bined with diet) (source: one un published Norwegian Study, one published

Inadequate duration of sleep is associated with o besity.

Attention Def icit Disorder

Premenstrual Dysphonic Disorder (for merly premenstrual syndr ome).

Jet lag

Behavioral disorders in dementia patients



PICTURES OF LIGHT POLLUTION

Light-Polluted Sky Glare from a poorly-designed street light Glare from a car lot

Light pollution



WHAT IS REFRIGERATION?

Refrigeration is the pr ocess of removing heat f r om an enclosed

space, or f r om a substance, and moving it to a place where it is

uno bjectionable. The primary purpose of ref rigeration is lowering

the tem perature of the enclosed space or substance and then

maintaining that lower tem perature. The ter m cooling ref ers

generally to any natural or artif icial pr ocess by which heat is

dissipated.



TYPES OF REFRIGERATION

Domestic Refrigeration:

This type of ref rigeration is one that is f amiliar to most homeowners.

Ref rigerators and f reezers that you keep in your home f all under this

category.

Commercial Refrigeration:

This type of ref rigeration holds and displays f r ozen and f resh food in retail

stores, as well as other like establishments.

Food processing and Storage :

This type of ref rigeration is used to preserve pr ocess and store the food

f r om its source to the wholesale division.



IMPACT OF REFRIGERATION ON ENVIRONMENT

Energy Use

Ref rigeration emits Carbon Di-Oxide into atmosphere which is the main

contributor of green house gas emissions which leads to glo bal war ming

and climatic change .

Refrigeration Emissions

Poorly designed, badly maintained units can also emit emission into

the atmosphere.



CONSEQUENCES OF REFRIGERATION

Ozone Depletion:

The emission of chlor of luor ocarbons (CFCs) f r om ref rigerators, air

conditioners, and aer osols attributes to an increasing ³hole´ in the ozone

layer in the atmosphere above Antarctica, coupled with gr owing evidence

of glo bal ozone depletion.

Skin cancer:

Melanoma, the most serious for m of skin cancer, is also one of the f astestgr owing types of cancer in the United States.

Cataracts and Other Eye Damage:

leads to immune suppression.



HOW CAN WE REDUCE THE EFFECT?

Substituting CFCs with low leakage HFC systems that have

im pr oved eff iciency will mean a net reduction in the effect on the

glo bal climate. This is the result of a pragmatic and responsible

appr oach towards sustainable ref rigeration that respects both the

saf ety

of the user a

nd the e

nvir

onment

HCFCS were develo ped in parallel with

CFCs(chlor of luor ocarbons) and, together, they pr ovided the

spectacular social develo pment of safe, cheap and effective

refrigeration. HCFCs have a small aff ect on the ozone layer.



QUESTIONS



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IMPACT OF LIGHTING AND REFRIGERATION ON ENVIORMENT

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