IMPACT OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT ON ART,

ARCHITECTURE AND MUSIC

THE ENLIGHTENMENT

• A TIME BETWEEN THE 1600S AND 1700S • AGE OF REASON • CHALLENGED ESTABLISHED IDEAS ON

POWER AND AUTHORITY • REVOLUTION OF IDEAS • TAKING NATURAL LAWS AND APPLYING

THEM TO SOCIETY• ENLIGHTENMENT IDEAS ABOUT ORDER

AND REASON WERE REFLECTED IN ARCHITECTURE, ART AND MUSIC

BAROQUEARCHITECTURE

EUROPEAN ARCHITECTURE 0F THE 1600S AND EARLY 1700S WAS DOMINATED BY THE BAROQUE STYLE! EARLY ENLIGHTENMENT PERIOD

• TIME OF ABSOLUTISM!!• WE WILL VIEW VARIOUS EXAMPLES OF

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE , ART AND MUSIC AND THEN COMPARE IT TO NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE, ART AND MUSIC .

• YOU WILL DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH!

BAROQUEARCHITECTURE

PALACE OF VERSAILLES FRANCE

KING’S BEDROOM

QUEEN’S BEDROOM

ITALIAN BAROQUE FOUNTAIN BY BERNINI

TREVI FOUNTAIN-ROME

ST. PETER’S SQUARE AND COLANNADE

ST. PETER’S COLANNADES by BERNINI

BERNINI’S CANOPY( Baldachin) IN ST. PETERS OVER TOMB OF ST. PETER- 1634

ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL – LONDON -1697

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

• Ornate –highly decorative • emotional• Very heavy • Gilded in gold • Large in size • Extravagant • Popular during the time of Absolute

Monarchs• Began in Italy

NEO-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE THAT WAS USED IN THE LATER 1700S.

IN THE UNITED STATES

REFERRED TO AS FEDERAL STYLE. Washington,D.C.

JEFFERSON’S MONTICELLO

STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA CAPITAL BUILDING

U.S. CAPITOL BUILDING

U.S. SUPREME COURT BUILDING

CHARACTERISTICS OF NEO- CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

DISCOVERY OF POMPEII IN ITALY DURING THE 1700S AROUSED INTEREST IN GREECE AND ROME.

NEO-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE INCORPORATED THE IDEAS OF CLASSICAL GREECE AND ROME:

COLUMNS PEDIMENTS ARCHES DOMES ROUNDED WINDOWS

BAROQUE ART LATE 1500S TO 1700S

TWO TYPES OF BAROQUE ARTRELIGIOUS

ROYAL

PETER PAUL RUBENS FLANDERS 1577-1640

PETER PAUL RUEBENS FLANDERS 1577-1640

HELENE FOURMENT AND 2 OF HER CHILDREN

REMBRANDTVON RIJN

NETHERLANDS 1606-1669

MAN WITH THE GOLDEN HELMUT

DESCENT FROM THE CROSS

JOSEPH ACCUSED BY POTIPHAR’S WIFE

GIRL WITH A BROOM

REMBRANDT’S SELF PORTRAITS

JAN VERMEER NETHERLANDS

1632-1675

GIRL WITH A PEARL IN HER EAR

MILKMAID

GIRL ASLEEP

DIEGO RODRIGUEZ VELAZQUEZ

SPAIN 1559-1660

Portrait de’L enfante

LAS MANINAS

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ART

• BOLD, LARGE SCALE FORMS • RICH IN COLOR • CONTRAST BETWEEN LIGHT AND DARK • LIGHT AND SHADOW • GENRE: • PORTRAITS , BIBLE THEMES, NUDES,

EVERYDAY SCENES, MYTHOLOGY • RELIGIOUS THEMES• ROYAL THEMES MORE IN NORTH,

PROTESTANT AREAS

NEO-CLASSICAL ART 1750-1850

JACQUES LOUIS DAVID

1748-1825ONE OF THE GREATEST NEO-

CLASSICAL ARTISTS

LICTORS BEARING TO BRUTUS THE BODIES OF HIS SONS

OATH OF THE HORATII

Death of Socrates

Ingres The Apotheosis of Homer

CHARACTERISTICS OF

NEO-CLASSICAL ART• DISCOVERY OF POMPEII IN 1700S

RENEWED INTEREST IN CLASSICAL GREECE AND ROME

• GENRES: MYTHOLOGY, GOVERNMENT, CULTURE • STYLE: BRIGHT , BOLD COLRS, CLASSICAL THEMES MORAL MESSAGE ENCOURAGED ORDER, REASON,

DISCIPLINE

BAROQUE MUSIC 1600-1750

COMPOSERS OF BAROQUE MUSIC

• HANDEL 1685-1759 concertos, overtures, oratorios MESSIAH- most famous work • BACH- 1685-1750 religious music, organ, fugue TOCCATO IN D MINOR

HANDEL MESSIAH HALLELUJAH CHORUS

BACH TOCCATO IN D MINOR

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE MUSIC

• COMPLEX- ELABORATE • HEAVY • NEW INSTRUMENTS –PIANO,

WOODWINDS, BASS, PERCUSSION• NEW VOCAL FORMS- ORATORIOS• CHAMBER AND INSTRUMENTAL

MUSIC

CLASSICAL

• HAYDN- 1750-1820 - sonata, symphony

SYMPHONY # 94- SUPRISE

• MOZART- 1756-1791 OPERAS, SYMPHONIES, FIGUARO , SYMPHONY #

40 AND EINEKLEINE

NACHTMUSIK

HAYDN SYMPHONY

#94

MOZART EINEKLEINE NACHTMUSIK

MOZART SYMPHONY # 40

MOZART MARRIAGE OF FIGARO

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASSICAL MUSIC

• LESS COMPLICATED • LIGHTER • PIANO FEATURED• MORE VARIETY AND CONTRAST • EMPHASIS ON BEAUTY, ELEGANCE

AND BALANCE • SONATA MOST IMPORTANT FORM • ORCHESTRA IS LARGER