IMPERIALISMIMPERIALISM

BECOMING A WORLD POWER IN BECOMING A WORLD POWER IN THE LATE 1800sTHE LATE 1800s

What is Imperialism?What is Imperialism?

Policy of extending the rule or authority of Policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or a nation over foreign an empire or a nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding countries, or of acquiring and holding coloniescolonies

Under imperialism stronger nations Under imperialism stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations (economically, politically, weaker nations (economically, politically, culturally and militarily)culturally and militarily)

Why did imperialism Why did imperialism grow?grow?

Growth of industry – creates need for more Growth of industry – creates need for more natural resources (U.S. looks overseas)natural resources (U.S. looks overseas)

Nationalism – countries (especially in Europe) Nationalism – countries (especially in Europe) competition for large empires, goal to be competition for large empires, goal to be superior over other nationssuperior over other nations

Military factors – military technology led to Military factors – military technology led to more advanced armies and navies than those more advanced armies and navies than those in Africa or Asia, and need for military basesin Africa or Asia, and need for military bases

Duty to spread humanitarian aid and religion Duty to spread humanitarian aid and religion (Western civilizations laws, medicine and (Western civilizations laws, medicine and Christian religion)Christian religion)

Forms of Imperial RuleForms of Imperial Rule

Colonies: direct or indirect rule of Colonies: direct or indirect rule of controlling nationcontrolling nation

Protectorates: local rulers left in charge, Protectorates: local rulers left in charge, but followed the foreign advisors advicebut followed the foreign advisors advice

Spheres of Influence: outside power Spheres of Influence: outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading claimed exclusive investment or trading privilegesprivileges

HawaiiHawaii

Why Hawaii?Why Hawaii? Tropical climate, Tropical climate,

fertile soil fertile soil Good location for Good location for

naval base and naval base and coaling station for coaling station for travel to and from travel to and from AsiaAsia

US begins to send US begins to send missionaries and missionaries and grow crops (sugar)grow crops (sugar)

Sugar exempted from US tariffsSugar exempted from US tariffs 12 years later, US demands control of Pearl 12 years later, US demands control of Pearl

Harbor in exchange for tax free status; Hawaii Harbor in exchange for tax free status; Hawaii refusesrefuses

Force King Kalakaua to sign new constitution Force King Kalakaua to sign new constitution at gun point; US gets rights to Pearl Harborat gun point; US gets rights to Pearl Harbor

Queen Liliuokalani tries to regain Hawaii, US Queen Liliuokalani tries to regain Hawaii, US Minister to Hawaii places marines around Minister to Hawaii places marines around palacepalace

Queen surrendersQueen surrenders

Hawaii annexed in 1898, despite Hawaii annexed in 1898, despite opposition of most of Hawaii’s populationopposition of most of Hawaii’s population

Became territory in 1900 and 50Became territory in 1900 and 50thth state in state in 19591959

Becoming a World PowerBecoming a World PowerEVENT/EVENT/

AREAAREA

DATE OF DATE OF EVENTEVENT

SUMMARY OF SUMMARY OF EVENTSEVENTS

OUTCOME OF OUTCOME OF INCIDENTINCIDENT

AFFECT ON AFFECT ON THE NATIVE THE NATIVE PEOPLEPEOPLE

Spanish- Spanish- American American War: War: “A “A Splendid Little Splendid Little War”War”

1898 1898 -The de Lome letterThe de Lome letter- Explosion of the Explosion of the USS MaineUSS Maine-Preparing in the Preparing in the PhilippinesPhilippines- War against SpainWar against Spain

-Fighting in Fighting in Cuba and the Cuba and the PhilippinesPhilippines

-U.S. destroyed U.S. destroyed the Spanish the Spanish NavyNavy

- Thought the - Thought the Americans were Americans were helping but helping but found found themselves themselves under a new under a new rulerruler

Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

18981898 -Spain recognized Spain recognized

Cuba’sCuba’s independenceindependence-Sold the Philippines, Sold the Philippines, Puerto Rico and Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S. for Guam to the U.S. for $20 mil.$20 mil.

- U.S. gains - U.S. gains new new ““unincorporated unincorporated territoriesterritories” ” (Cuba, Philippines, (Cuba, Philippines, Guam and Puerto Guam and Puerto Rico)Rico)

- Caused - Caused debate in the debate in the U.S. over U.S. over acquiring new acquiring new territoriesterritories

PhilippinePhilippine

IslandsIslands

18991899 -Filipinos declare Filipinos declare independence from independence from the U.S.the U.S.- U.S. v. FilipinosU.S. v. Filipinos- U.S. winsU.S. wins

- U.S. will - U.S. will control the control the Philippines Philippines until 1946until 1946

- Filipinos are - Filipinos are unhappy and unhappy and continue to fight continue to fight sporadically sporadically until 1946until 1946

CubaCuba 18981898- - 19001900

-America established America established a military gov’t. after a military gov’t. after Spain was defeatedSpain was defeated- Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment

- U.S made - U.S made military bases military bases and kept right and kept right to intervene in to intervene in Cuba’s affairsCuba’s affairs

- Cubans - Cubans feel feel betrayedbetrayed

Puerto Puerto RicoRico

19001900 -U.S. established a U.S. established a military gov’t.military gov’t.- slowly gave them slowly gave them their independencetheir independence

-1917, Jones 1917, Jones ActAct- Puerto Ricans Puerto Ricans can be U.S. can be U.S. citizenscitizens

- Still under - Still under U.S. controlU.S. control

HawaiiHawaii 18931893 -U.S. used Hawaii for U.S. used Hawaii for trade and Pearl trade and Pearl HarborHarbor- overthrew Queen overthrew Queen LiliuokalaniLiliuokalani

-U.S. annexed U.S. annexed Hawaii (1898)Hawaii (1898)

- People very - People very unhappyunhappy

SamoaSamoa 18781878- - 18991899

-three-power three-power protectorate, U.S., protectorate, U.S., Germany and BritainGermany and Britain- Britain pulls out in Britain pulls out in 18991899

- U.S. acquired - U.S. acquired the harbor at the harbor at Pago PagoPago Pago

Open Door Open Door to Chinato China

1899-1899-19001900

- Open Door Policy in - Open Door Policy in China for trade with China for trade with all other nationsall other nations

--continued continued

openopen trade trade policy with policy with chinachina

- Chinese - Chinese unhappy with unhappy with foreign foreign involvement involvement (Boxer Rebellion)(Boxer Rebellion)