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Imperialism: China & Japan
China Resists the West
• China was self-sufficient country (strong crops / industry)
• Weak Spot = Opium was the only western product the Chinese needed (very addictive)
• Lost to British in the Opium War = British get Hong Kong (1842)
• Extraterritorial Rights = British (In China) could not be punished by Chinese Law
Problems Lead to Western Control• Big ? = Adapt or Resist
• Taiping Rebellion = 20 million Chinese die in China’s 1st civil war
• Sphere of Influence = Foreign national controls trade/investment in another country
• Open Door Policy = Introduced by the USA to keep China from becoming a colonyDowager Empress Cixi (1862-1908
England
EnglandFrance
Japan
Japan
Russia
Russia
Sphere of Influence
China’s Nationalism
• The Boxer Rebellion (1900)– “Death to Foreign Devils”– Surrounded the Imperial
Powers Embassys– Defeated by multi-national
Imperial troops
• Result = China tries to adapt to the West
Japan Adapts to Western Ways
• USA forces Japan to open to trade (Gunboat Diplomacy)
• Big ? = Adapt or Resist
• Japan’s Emperor Meiji determined to modernize Japan
Japan Modernizes Under Meiji
• Japan borrows ideas from Western powers– Germany (Form of
Govt. & Army)– England (Navy)– United States (Public
Education & Industrialization)
• Result = By 1900 Japan could compete with the West
Emperor Meiji
MeijiMeijiReforRefor
msms
MeijiMeijiReforRefor
msms
AbolitionAbolitionof the of the
feudal systemfeudal system
AbolitionAbolitionof the of the
feudal systemfeudal system
LandLandRedistributionRedistribution
LandLandRedistributionRedistribution
Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious
FreedomFreedom
Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious
FreedomFreedom
Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy
(British)(British)
Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy
(British)(British)
WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School
SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)
WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School
SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)
Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)
Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)
EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship
IntensifiedIntensified
EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship
IntensifiedIntensified
WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)
WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)
ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem
ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem
The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed
with Western Styleswith Western Styles
The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed
with Western Styleswith Western Styles
Civilization and Enlightenment!Civilization and Enlightenment!
Japan’s Imperialism
• Sino-Japanese War = Japan beats China and becomes an Imperialist power
• Russo-Japanese War = Russia defeated by Japan (symbolic victory for Japanese)
• Korea annexed (taken over) by Japan in 1910