IMPERIALISM IN ASIA

IMPERIALISM IN ASIA

THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA

British involvement began in the 1600s.Traders explored the Indian coast.Some traders formed the East India Company (very rich and powerful).Robert Clive (1757) defeated the French and Britain gained control of India.EIC rules India.

Sepoy Rebellion (1857)Sepoys (Indian soldiers in British military) revolted.Resentment over British imposing Christianity and European customs.“The Grease Bullet Rumor”Spread across Northern and Central India. Massacre of British.British gov. takes control with viceroy (monarchs representatives).

Map of British Rule

Indian Nationalism

Indian National CongressWorked for independence for India from British rule.

China Faces the WestChina had limited contact with West for 300 years.Qing Dynasty weakened China.British (early 1800s) begin trade with China. Paid for goods with opium.

The Opium War (1839-42)Chinese tried to stop opium trade.British refused. Attacked Chinese.Britain had superior weapons. Won.Treaty of Nanking (trading rights & Hong Kong).

Image: The Opium War

China by 1890sEuropean powers as well as Japan divided China into spheres of influence.Sphere of influence: area where they had exclusive trading rights.Chinese resentment lead to formation of nationalistic groups—such as Righteous and Harmonious Fists (called Boxers by Europeans).

Image: Boxer Rebellion

Image: Boxer Rebellion

Revolution 1911Chinese begin to feel Qing Dynasty should be replaced with Republic.Leads to Revolution 1911.Sun Yet-Sen (leader).Revolution leads to destruction of Qing Dynasty.Sun Yet-Sen becomes leader of China (1912).

Sun Yet-Sen and Wife

The Rise of Japan

Perry in Japan (1853)

Modernization of JapanJapan isolated from early 1600s.Signed trading treaty with Perry. Shogun (ruler of Japan) saw what happened to China with Opium War.Treaties favored foreign powers. Lead to overthrow of Shogun by new emperor known as the Meiji (enlightened emperor).

Modernization of JapanMeiji realize they will need to modernize by building strong army and industrial base to compete with Western powers.Japan (1870) began to modernize itself without any outside help.1905 defeats Russia in Russo-Japanese war.By 1914, emerged as one of world’s industrial leaders.

Political Cartoon of Russo-Japanese War