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ImperialismImperialism
• The extension of a nation’s control and The extension of a nation’s control and influence over political or economic life of influence over political or economic life of other nations. other nations.
1. Military/Strategic 1. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
1. Military/Strategic 1. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
Wanted to compete with other Nations
Alfred T. Mahan Urged government officials to build up American naval
power
Wanted to compete with other Nations
Alfred T. Mahan Urged government officials to build up American naval
power
2. Economic Reasons2. Economic Reasons
Commercial/Business Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
2. Economic Reasons2. Economic Reasons
Commercial/Business Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
American Foreign Trade:
1870-1914
Technology enable farms and factories to produce more than they needed
Needed raw materials for factories, & new markets for goods
Foreign trade solution to overproduction
American Foreign Trade:
1870-1914
Technology enable farms and factories to produce more than they needed
Needed raw materials for factories, & new markets for goods
Foreign trade solution to overproduction
3.3. Ideology: Belief in Ideology: Belief in cultural superiority –cultural superiority –
Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism
3.3. Ideology: Belief in Ideology: Belief in cultural superiority –cultural superiority –
Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism
The White Man’sBurden
The White Man’sBurdenThe Hierarchy
of RaceThe Hierarchy
of Race
Religious/Missionary Religious/Missionary InterestsInterests
Religious/Missionary Religious/Missionary InterestsInterests
American Missionaries
in China, 1905
American Missionaries
in China, 1905
Closing the American FrontierClosing the American FrontierClosing the American FrontierClosing the American Frontier
United State’s Purchase United State’s Purchase AlaskaAlaska
United State’s Purchase United State’s Purchase AlaskaAlaska
In 1867 US Secretary of State William Seward made an
arrangment with Russia to buy Alaska for $7.2 million
In 1867 US Secretary of State William Seward made an
arrangment with Russia to buy Alaska for $7.2 million
““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867
““Seward’s Folly” Seward’s Folly” (mistake)(mistake)
““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867
““Seward’s Folly” Seward’s Folly” (mistake)(mistake)
• Alaska is rich in natural resources: Alaska is rich in natural resources: Timber, minerals, OIL Timber, minerals, OIL
• 1959 Alaska becomes a state1959 Alaska becomes a state
Significance of HawaiiSignificance of Hawaii• Merchants need to stop there on the way Merchants need to stop there on the way
to China & East Indiato China & East India
• So the United States send missionaries So the United States send missionaries there and set up Christian schools there and set up Christian schools
• The missionaries started sugar plantationsThe missionaries started sugar plantations
• By the 1850’s American businessmen By the 1850’s American businessmen control ¾ of the wealth of Hawaiicontrol ¾ of the wealth of Hawaii
U. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of Hawaiians
The United States thought it was culturally superior to the Hawaiins
The United States thought it was culturally superior to the Hawaiins
U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
1875 – 1875 – Reciprocity Reciprocity Treaty – No tariffs on Treaty – No tariffs on imports/exports from imports/exports from Hawaii to USHawaii to US
1890 – 1890 – McKinley Tariff – McKinley Tariff – Hawaii has to pay tariffs Hawaii has to pay tariffs like everyone else; like everyone else; Planters face Planters face competitioncompetition
American businessmen American businessmen want US to annex want US to annex HawaiiHawaii
Hawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaii for the Hawaiians!
Hawaii for the Hawaiians!
U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
1893 – Americanbusinessmen backed anuprising against Queen Liliuokalani.
Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims the Republic
of Hawaii in 1894.
President Grover Cleveland President Grover Cleveland opposes new government, opposes new government, unless Hawaiians have the right unless Hawaiians have the right to vote to become part of USto vote to become part of US
However, when President However, when President McKinley takes over the US McKinley takes over the US makes Hawaii a territory without makes Hawaii a territory without allowing the Hawaiians to vote.allowing the Hawaiians to vote.
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898