Slide1ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Implementation and Challenges of
RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020
Kentaro SugimotoNGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd.
ECT-2016
Emission Control Technology for Sustainable Growth
November 9 - 10, 2016
India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide2ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Introduction
RDE PN testing results at EU
(Diesel and Gasoline)
RDE challenges in India
Summary
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide3ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Introduction
RDE PN testing results at EU
(Diesel and Gasoline)
RDE challenges in India
Summary
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide4ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Legislation & After treatment system estimation in India
2015 2017 2020 2023
Legislation
Major city
Nationwide
Test cycle
PC & LDV
M & HDV
A/T system
Gasoline
Diesel
PC & LDV
Diesel
M & HDV
DOC (+ Partial Filter)
BS4
BS6BS3 BS4
NEDC
NSC + CSF*
DOC + SDPF** +SCR
TWC
BS6
ESC / ETC
RDE monitor RDECF:??
WHSC / WHTC / WNTE
DOC (+ Partial Filter)DOC + CSF +SCR
TWC + GPF (2023?-, for GDI engine)
SCR* Catalyzed Soot Filter ** SCR on DPF
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Slide5ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Limits
Test
procedure
for
pollutants
RDE*
PN
Limit
NOx
CO2
Limit
Euro 6dEuro 6b Euro 6d-TEMP
NEDC ( WLTP) WLTP/RDE (NEDC)
RDE
MonitoringRDE Step 1
(CF 2,1 NOx )
CI: 6×1011 / km
PI, DI: 6×1012 / kmCI, PI, DI: 6×1011 / km
130 g/km (NEDC or WLTP) 95 g/km 75-68?
g/km
80 mg
RDE Step 2
(CF 1.0 +0.5 NOx; decrease to 1.0 until 2023 )
RDE information in EU (for PC & LDV)
RDE monitor from 2016
RDE Step 1 (CF:2.1) from Sept. 2017
RDE Step 2 (CF:1 + 0.5) from 2020
RDE Step 2 (CF:1) from 2023
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide6ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Introduction
RDE PN testing results at EU
(Diesel and Gasoline)
RDE challenges in India
Summary
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide7ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
EU after treatment system trend for diesel PC & LDV
One of key technology for diesel after treatment for future tighter regulation is
SCR on DPF
Emission Control Systems
CSF system SCR on DPF system
Serial DeNOx
System
(EU6b)
RDE/EU6d DeNOx
Systems
DOC + CSF + SCR
NSC + CSF
DOC + SCR on DPF + SCR
DOCSCR/
ASC
CC CC UF
CSF
CC CC
DOC CSFSCR/
ASC
CC CC UF
NSC
DOC
SCR on
DPF
SCR/
ASC
CC CC UF
NSC + SCR on DPF + SCR
SCR/
ASCCSF
NSC
DOC
NSC
DOC
CC CC UF
NSC + CSF + SCR
SCR on
DPF
Major system
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide8ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Pore Size Diameter
Po
re V
olu
me
Material Pore Size Distribution
Small Large
material
pore
Standard Material Sharp Pore Size
Low
Pressure Drop
High
Filtration Efficiency
High
Coating capability
DPF material for SCR on DPF / Design concept
To achieve market requirement, special material is considered for
SCR on DPF
SiC-DPF with High Porosity (HP) + Optimized Pore Distribution
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide9ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Diesel Turbo Direct Injection;
4cyl. 2,0 l
EU6
Automatic Transmission
Vehicle information
RDE testing – Comparison of different driving styles
Emission Control System SCR on DPF system
(High Porosity DPF)
NGK Technologies India copyright
Altitude : 100-400m
Slide10ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
High Porosity SiC DPF fulfills requirements for PN emissions in RDE.
Even by having an active DPF regeneration during Testing RDE limit can be achieved
7.5E+09
3.8E+09 4.0E+09
3.5E+11
2.3E+10
1.3E+10
1.0E+08
1.0E+09
1.0E+10
1.0E+11
1.0E+12
RDE #1 RDE #2 RDE #3 RDE #4 RDE #5 RDE #6
Log
(Par
ticu
late
Nu
mb
er
[#/k
m])
Particulate Numbers [#/km] evaluated with EMROAD and CLEAR
- EMROAD
- CLEAR
Aggressive,
S-Mode,
warm
Aggressive,
S-Mode,
cold
Aggressive,
D-Mode,
warm
Normal,
D-Mode,
cold
Aggressive,
D-Mode,
warm
Normal,
D-Mode,
warm
6.0 x 1011/km
Re
ge
ne
rati
on
RDE testing – Evaluation of RDE data with EMROAD and CLEARNGK Technologies India copyright
Slide11ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Gasoline DI engines
(GDI) to reduce CO2 emissions
Further market share
increase
Higher engine load driving cycles /
RDE higher PN emission ?
One of key technology for gasoline after treatment in EU is GPF
EU after treatment system trend for gasoline PC
Source: http://www.theicct.org/blogs/staff/improving-
conversions-between-passenger-vehicle-efficiency-standards
GDI engine tend to
high PN emission
EU CO2 limit : 95g/km (2021)
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide12ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Material Cordierite Gasoline Particulate Filter
Porosity 45 - 55 % 60 - 65 %
System
Layout
Example
Micro
Structure
[ SEM ]
Wall
Thickness /
Cell Density5 - 8 mil / 200 - 400 cpsi 8 - 12 mil / 300 cpsi
Application Non catalyzed GPF Catalyzed GPF
200µm 200µm
TWC GPF
TWC GPF incl. TWC
GPF incl. TWC
Material lineup for Non catalyzed and catalyzed type GPFs
Tested system
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide13ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Tim
e [
min
], r
atio [
%] 102 min
34%28%
38%
Driving route (in Germany)
Gasoline Direct Injection λ = 1 ;
4cyl 1,8 l direct + port fuel injection
Close Coupled TWC
EU5
Manual Transmission
TWC
ca. 150 cm
With GPF or
Without GPF
Vehicle information
PN PEMS
GPF Real driving emission evaluation – Driving route
Tested system
Non catalyzed type GPF was installed and RDE PN emission was measured
by PEMS
Highway [%]
NGK Technologies India copyright
Altitude : 150-430m
Slide14ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
GPF Real driving emission evaluation – PN emission results
Test vehicle GDI without GPF exceed RDE PN limit
GPF shows high filtration efficiency under RDE condition
NGK Technologies India copyright
6.0 x 1011/km
Slide15ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Introduction
RDE PN testing results at EU
(Diesel and Gasoline)
RDE challenges in India
Summary
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide16ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
How is the Indian RDE driving cycle?
Comparison of India City Driving vs NEDC*
NEDC Pune City Impact
% <10km/hr 0% 32% Low temperature gas
Ave. Accel. m/s2 0.5 3.7 High Torque, RPM = High Soot
Average Speed 33.4 19.6 Low temperature gas
*: Case Study by Central Institute of Road Transport Pune, India
Compare to EU, Indian RDE could be focused on low speed zone?
Highly dynamic driving
Heavy traffic Non-paved road
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide17ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
NSC only NSC + SDPF (+SCR) SDPF (+SCR)
NO
xC
on
vers
ion
(%
)
Temperature °C
NSC
SDPF + SCR
Urban Rural Area Highway Uphill Driving
NSC + SCR on
DPF + SCR SCR on DPF + SCR
NSC contribution is higher than EU?
Low speed driving impact for after treatment systemNGK Technologies India copyright
Majority?
Diesel PC & LDV case
Slide18ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
RDE Challenges in India
Challenges for EmissionComparing EU RDE to Indian RDE:
• NOx
Requirement for NSC could be higher
Due to complicated system, cooperation of engine
operation and after treatment technology is necessary
Challenges for Implementation of RDE• How to decide RDE driving cycle
Large variation of driving
Driving ratio of Urban : Rural : Highway = ? : ? : ?
• Tighter CF may come in effect (ex. 1.5?)
Start from tighter level
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide19ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Introduction
RDE PN testing results at EU
(Diesel and Gasoline)
RDE challenges in India
Summary
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide20ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Summary
In case of EU, filter technology (SCR on DPF,
GPF) has possibility to meet RDE PN limit
In case of RDE in India, DeNOx system could be
complicated hence optimized engine operation
and emission control systems are necessary
OEM and supplier cooperation is required
NGK Technologies India copyright
Slide21ECT 2016 - Implementation and Challenges of RDE with BSVI Norms - 2020 / NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. Kentaro Sugimoto
Implementation and Challenges of RDE
with BSIV Norms - 2020
Kentaro SugimotoDeputy General Manager
NGK Technologies India Pvt. Ltd.
ECT-2016
Emission Control Technology for Sustainable Growth
November 9 - 10, 2016
India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER
HONEYCERAM® LARGE SIZEMONOLITH HONEYCOMB
Thank you for your attention!
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