Implementation of Technical Regulations on Company Level

1Phare SL9705.03

Implementation of Technical Regulations on Company Level

Breakout session

Atmospheres ExplosivesLow Voltage

Electromagnetic Compatibility

Expert: Willem Wolf

Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Ljubljana

2Phare SL9705.03

Atmospheres EXplosives

A T E X 94/9/EGA T E X 94/9/EG

A T E X 94/9/EGA T E X 94/9/EGproduct directiveproduct directive

A T E X 94/9/EGA T E X 94/9/EGproduct directiveproduct directive

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Outline of ATEX

• Area of application

• Scope

• Excluded

• Equipment groups and categories

• Essential technical requirements

• Conformity assessment procedure

• Marking and documentation


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Area of application All potentially explosive atmospheres

arising from flammable gases, vapours, mist or dust.- mining- offshore- refinery- storage of paint/varnishes- battery rooms- grain silo’s etc.


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Scope

• All equipment (electrical and non-electrical) and their protective systems intended for use in an ATEX area,

• all devices outside the ATEX area which are required for or contribute to the safe functioning of the equipment or protective systems in the ATEX area.


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Excluded from the scope

• medical devices in a medical environment

• equipment and protective systems where the explosion hazard results exclusively from the presence of explosive substances or unstable chemical substances

• equipment for use in a domestic and non-commercial environments

• personal protective equipment


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Excluded from the scope (cont.)

• seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units(non-seagoing <500 ton and fixed offshore units are in the scope)

• means of transport not intended for use in an ATEX area

• Installations !• equipment used by armed forces or by the

keeping of law and order (military and police)


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Equipment groups and categories

Group I Category M 1 & M2(mining)

Group II Category 1,2 & 3(other)


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Equipment groups and categories

• Group I: Equipment intended for use in the underground parts of mines, and those parts of surfaces installations of such mines, likely to become endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust;

• Group II: Equipment intended to be used in other ATEX places.


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Group I

• M 1 Equipment remain functional when an explosive atmosphere is present,

• M 2 Equipment to be de-energized in the event of an explosive atmosphere


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Group II• Cat. 1: equipment designed to operate in an

explosive atmosphere,

• Cat. 2: equipment designed to operate in an possible explosive atmosphere,

• Cat. 3: equipment is to operate in an area where an explosive atmosphere is less likely


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Levels of protection

Level ofprotection

CategoryGroup I

CategoryGroup II

Performance ofprotection

Conditions ofoperation

Very High M 1 (Mining)Safe even when 2indep. failures occur

Remains working inan expl.Atmosphere

Very high 1Safe even when 2indep. failures occur

Remains working inall zones

High M 2 (mining)Safe in severeoperating conditions

de-energize in expl.Atmosphere

High 2Safe in normal andfailure mode

Remains working inzone 1,2, 21 and 22

Normal 3Safe in normaloperating conditions

Remains working inzone 2(G) & 22 (D)


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Zones• Zone 0

Expl. Gas is present

• Zone 1Expl. Gas may occur

• Zone 2Expl. Gas unlikely or for a short period of time

• Zone 20Expl. Dust is present

• Zone 21Expl. Dust may occur

• Zone 22Expl. Dust unlikely or for a short period of time


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Technical health and safety requirements

• for all equipment and protective systems and potential sources of ignition like electrical, mechanical, shock wave, optical, em-radiation,

• with respect to faults, overloads, maintenance, measuring devices and software,

• for protective systems like pressure-relief and explosion suppression systems extra requirements exist.


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Manufacturers responsibility• analysis of applicability of directive(s)

• design and construct in compliance with the essential health and safety requirements(risk assessment)

• follow the assessment procedure (quality)


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Risk assessment• Hazard(s) identification

• Risk estimation (probability, severity of harm)

• Risk evaluation (criteria check)

• Risk reduction option analysis (design)


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Group I cat M1Group II cat 1

& protective systemsType approvalunit verification

QA-system

declarationby mfg + CE

and i.d. nr. of notified body

Productverification

approval Productcertificate

Productcertificate


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Electrical equipment &combustible engines

Group I cat M2Group II cat 2

Type approvalunit verification

Conformityto type



ProductQA

Test verifiedby not. body

Approvalof not. body

Productcertificate


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Other equipment inGroup I cat M2Group II cat 2

QA of productionunit verification



Documentationto not. body

Productcertificate



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Equipment ofGroup II cat 3

QA of productionunit verification



Productcertificate



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Marking

• CE mark plus often i.d. nr. of notified body• explosion protection mark + equipment group and

category• For group II also the letter G(as) or D(ust)• mfg i.d, type, serial number and year of mfg• marking required by the standard

CE 0123CE 0123 ExEx II 1 GII 1 G


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Documentation

• Technical construction file

• documentation of the quality system

• users manual- original language- language of the country where it is used


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European standards

• Made by CENELEC - TC 31 + sub committees

• Made by CEN - TC 114, TC 305

• CENELEC more then 20 EN and prEN’s

• Overview of standards in handout

• Programme of work in handout


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Atmospheres EXplosives

A T E X 118AA T E X 118A

A T E X 118AA T E X 118Asocial directivesocial directive

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Outline of ATEX 118A

• Subject

• Excluded

• Duties of employer- protection against and avoidance of- assessment of risk- coordination of workers- determination of zones- explosion protection document


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Subject

minimum requirements for the safety and health protection of workers

potentially at risk from explosive atmospheres


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Excluded• medical facilities for treatment of patients; • normal use of appliances burning gaseous fuels; • manufacture, handling, storage and transport of

explosives or chemically unstable substances; • establishments of the mineral-extracting

industries;• use of means of transport, including sea-going

vessels, on which the pertinent provisions of the international agreements (ADR, IMO, etc.) apply.


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Duties of employerPrinciples for the prevention of and

protection against explosion

• prevent the formation of explosive atmospheres,• prevent the ignition of explosive atmospheres,• reduce the effects of an explosion in such a way

that workers are not at risk.

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Duties of employerAssessment of explosion risks

• probability of an explosive atmosphere and duration

• the likelihood of ignition sources• the assessment of the installation, used products

and processes• the impact of an possible explosion


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Duties of employercoordination of workers

• individual employers are responsible for there own employees on 3th party premises

• the (end) employer is responsible for the coordination of work etc. described in the explosion safety document


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Duties of employerdetermination of zones

• classify places where explosive atmospheres may occur

• provides guidance on the performance of work in the various zones

• dangerous places shall be marked with signs at the points of entry


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Duties of employerexplosion protection document to

demonstrate

determination and evaluation of risks,taken measures to fulfill the directive,which places are divided in zoneswhich places the requirements of appendix II is

applicable (instruction, certification etc.)


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In force since 1973

Low Voltage DirectiveLow Voltage Directive

Low Voltage DirectiveLow Voltage Directive(LVD)(LVD)

Low Voltage DirectiveLow Voltage Directive(LVD)(LVD)

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LVD - SCOPE

• Electrical material/equipment designed for use within a voltage range of:

• 50Vac - 1000Vac

• 75Vdc - 1500Vdc


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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENT

To guarantee the safety of persons, domestic animals and property.

• correct installation• correct maintenance• normal use


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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS

• general requirements (identification, documentation etc.)

• danger coming from the apparatus

• environmental (influences from outside)


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general requirement

• instruction• identification• installation• construction


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danger coming from the apparatus

• danger to touch• temperature, radiation• mechanical danger• electrical danger


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environmental (influences from outside)

• mechanical• non-mechanical• overload• abnormal use


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HOW TO COMPLY ?

• comply with harmonized standards

• comply with international standards (IEC)

• comply with national standards


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CERTIFICATION ?

• certification by third party not required

• b-mark (will be) not mandatory

• certification mark marketing


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DIRECTIVES (LAWS) AND STANDARDS MAIN AIM IS

TO SAFEGUARD AGAINST THE FOLLOWING RISKS:• fire

• electric shock• mechanical• thermal/heat• radiation• chemicals


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STANDARDS

• EN 60065 - household, video, tv...

• EN 60204 - machinery

• EN 60335 - household appliances

• EN 60598 - luminaries

• EN 60730 - controls for household

• EN 60950 - ITE, computers, fax,...

• EN 61010 - measurement equipment


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TESTING

• type testing

• routine test


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TYPE TESTING

• mechanical strength

• stability

• max. temperature

• leakage

• greapage

• isolation

• abnormal


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ROUTINE TEST EN 50106

• ground continuity (ground)

• dielectric withstand (high pot)

• functionality


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ROUTINE TEST

LOGBOOK

Product:

Serienr. ECT EST FT Date

12345 5 nov ‘99


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ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

EMC DIRECTIVEEMC DIRECTIVEEMC DIRECTIVEEMC DIRECTIVE

EMC DIRECTIVEEMC DIRECTIVE

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EMC - SCOPE

• all products having electrical or electronic components

• liable to cause electromagnetic disturbance

• liable to be disturbed


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WHAT IS A PRODUCT

• apparatus (tv, pc, washing machine)

• systems (PC + peripherals, audio system)

• installations (electrical installation in buildings)


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COMPONENTS are not subjected

• components being part of a higher assembly• not having a function on its own to the end user

Examples are:• Resistor, Capacitor, Fuse, IC,• motor for a washing machine


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EMC DIRECTIVEESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS (art.4)

• the EM disturbance it generates does not exceed a level allowing other apparatus to operate as intended

• it has an adequate level of immunity to EM disturbances in order to operate as intended

An apparatus shall be constructed such that:


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HOW TO COMPLY ?

• use harmonized standards (art. 10.1)

• Technical Construction File (art.10.2)

• EC type approval (art. 10.5)radio communication transmission equipment


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EMC DIRECTIVEHarmonized Standards Route

• manufacturers declaration of conformity based on harmonized standards

• CE marking

• keep documentation for 10 years- test reports, declaration, product description, parts list, photo’s, etc..


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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

• manufacturer identification

• product identification (serial numbers)

• reference to harmonized standards

• test report

• undersigned by (legal) authorized person(in Europe)


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Technical Construction File

• no harmonized standards applied

• harmonized standards applied in part

• absence of harmonized standards


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EMC STANDARDS

• basic standards

• generic standards (2 emission, 2 immunity)

• product- and product family standards


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GENERIC STANDARDS

APPARATUS

enclosure portac power port

dc power port

earth port

signal port


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EMC PHENOMENA

• conducted emission

• radiated emission

• harmonics and flicker


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CONFORMITY SCHEMERadio communication equipment

harmonized standardsno

noyesyes

conformity test

Manufacturer declaration of conformity

keep documentation available for 10 years

manufacturer applies CE marking

TCF verification by competent body

EC typeapproval


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STEPS TO CEdirective(s) applicable ?

harmonized standards

self testing

test report

competent body

test report

declaration by manufacturer / apply CE-marking

CEno

no

no

yes

yes

yes


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Implementation of Technical Regulations on Company Level

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