D1146 Primary filter:clean at every 5,000km,change at every 15,000km there Change at every 20,000km. 166Page Valve clearance Adjust at end of first 1,000km and every 20,000km there after. 171 Page Air cleaner Clean at every 4,000km, change at every 12,000km there after. 176 Page Transmission oil Change at end of first 5,000km and every 20,000km there after. 178 Page Rear axle oil Change at end of first 5,000km and every 20,000km there after. 179 Page Power steering oil Change at end of first 1,000km and every 24,000km there after. 180 Page Power steering filter Change at end of first 1,000km and every 24,000km there after. 182 Page IMPORTANT SERVICE ACTIVITIES Any failure resulting from a lack of normal maintenance as the maintenance service chart in this manual is not covered by warranty. CHECK ITEMS CHECK AND SERVICE INTERVALS PAGE Engine oil 163 Page Change : At end of first 1,000km, long distance : every 30,000km short distance : every 20,000km D1146Ti DE08TiS DE12/T/Ti/TiS Fuel filter D1146 D1146Ti DE12 DE12T DE12Ti Primary filter : clean at every 5,000km, change at every 15,000km there after. secondary filter : change at every 5,000km. Engine oil filter Change with engine oil 164Page DE08TiS DE12TiS Change : At end of first 1,000km, High-speed, long distance : every 15,000km In city, short distance : every 10,000km
Transcript
D1146Primary filter:clean at every 5,000km,change at every 15,000km there
Change at every 20,000km.
166Page
Valve clearance Adjust at end of first 1,000km and every 20,000km there after. 171 Page
Air cleaner Clean at every 4,000km, change at every 12,000km there after. 176 Page
Transmission oil Change at end of first 5,000km and every 20,000km there after. 178 Page
Rear axle oil Change at end of first 5,000km and every 20,000km there after. 179 Page
Power steering oil Change at end of first 1,000km and every 24,000km there after. 180 Page
Power steering filter Change at end of first 1,000km and every 24,000km there after. 182 Page
IMPORTANT SERVICE ACTIVITIES
Any failure resulting from a lack of normal maintenance as the maintenance service chart in this manual is not coveredby warranty.
CHECK ITEMS CHECK AND SERVICE INTERVALS PAGE
Engine oil 163 Page
Change : At end of first 1,000km,long distance : every 30,000kmshort distance : every 20,000km
D1146TiDE08TiSDE12/T/Ti/TiS
Fuel filter
D1146D1146TiDE12DE12TDE12Ti
Primary filter : clean at every 5,000km,change at every 15,000km there after.
secondary filter : change at every 5,000km.
Engine oil filter Change with engine oil 164Page
DE08TiSDE12TiS
Change : At end of first 1,000km,High-speed, long distance : every 15,000kmIn city, short distance : every 10,000km
This manual has been prepared to acquaint you with the operation and maintenance of your DAEWOOBUSES and the provide important safety information. We urge you to read it carefully and follow therecommendations to help assure the most enjoyable, safe and troublefree operation of your vehicle.
When it comes to service, remember that your DAEWOO dealer knows your vehicle best and isinterested in your complete satisfaction.
We would like to take this opportunity to thank you for choosing a DAEWOO product and assureyou of our continuing interest in your motoring pleasure and satisfaction.
This manual should be considered as a permanent part of your vehicle, and must remain with thevehicle at the time of resale.
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest productinformation available at time of publication.The right is reserved to make changes at any time without notice.
FOREWORD
1
1. IMPORTANT INFORMATION 2
2. OPERATION AND CARE OF NEW VEHICLE 4
3. GETTING ON AND OFF, DRIVER’S SEAT AND BELT 6
4. INSTRUMENT, SWITCHES AND CONTROLS 14
5. DRIVING 135
6. INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE 162
7. LUBRICATION 213
8. SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE SERVICE 221
9. TROUBLESHOOTING 225
10. MAIN DATA AND SPECIFICATION 234
11. BODY DIMENSION 253
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
LOCATION OF ENGINE NUMBER AND CHASSIS NUMBER
It is advisable to keep note of the engine number and chassis number as they are required when contacting your deal-er for repair services and parts order.
V.I.N plate
V.I.N(Vehicle identification Number)plate is attached to the inner panelabove the front door.
Type A : Applicable for vehicles inall countries except GCCmembers.
V.I.N plate
V.I.N(Vehicle identification Number)plate is attached to the inner panelabove the front door.
Type B : Applicable for vehicles inGCC members.
Chassis number
The chassis number is stamped onthe upper face of the chassis framewithin the engine compartment.
3
Engine number Key
There are three types of key for thebus ;• Engine starting• Mechanical locking for entrance
door (OPTION)• Doors– Entrance door operating– Luggage doors (OPTION)– Rear engine door (OPTION)– Side engine doors (OPTION)– Battery inspection door (OPTION)– Fuel tank inspection door (OPTION)– Fuel inlet flap door (OPTION)
The keys are not interchangeable, butdoor lock keys are interchangeable.The code number of each key isstamped on the key.Record the key number and keep itin a safe place.In the event that the original key islost, duplicating can be done usingthe key code information.
Engine No.
1378
4
OPERATION AND CARE OF NEW VEHICLE
It is important to observe the follow-ing precautions as operation and careof the vehicle, particularly during thebreak–in period have a strong influ-ence over the performance and ser-vice life of the vehicle.
1. Start and let the engine idle untilit becomes thoroughly warmed upand coolant temperature increasesbeyond 50°C (or 125°F) beforestarting off.
2. Avoid racing the engine, abruptstarts and hard stops.
3. Avoid over loading the vehicle dur-ing and after the break–in period.
Over loading
Over loading not only shortens theservice life of your vehicle but alsocreate serious potential safety haz-ards.
The weight of payload must be limit-ed within the GVW rating and distrib-uted over the front and rear axles soas not to exceed the axle capacities.
Refer to “MAIN DATA AND SPECIFI-CATION” for GVW and Axle capaci-ty.
Maintenance
In order to maintain safe and depend-able vehicle operation, inspection andadjustment should be performed asoutlined in “INSPECTION AND MAIN-TENANCE”.
Your DAEWOO dealer is willing toperform regular maintenance opera-tion on your vehicle.
5
Engine oil change
Change engine oil filter catridge to new one at thesame time with engine oil.
Maximum engine speed
During the initial milage(Break–in period : 2,000km),confine engine speed to 70% of the maximum andscan the tachometer as you drive to prevent engineover–running.After the break–in period, increase the engine speedgradually to complete running–in of the vital parts.
Engine Model Change Interval
D1146 At end of first 1,000km
D1146Ti High–speed, long distance :
DE12Ti every 15,000km
DE12Ti In city, short distance :
DE12Ti every 10,000km
DE08TiSAt end of first 1,000Km
Long distance : every 30,000kmDE12TiS
short distance : every 20,000km
6
GETTING ON AND OFF, DRIVER’S SEAT AND BELT
DOOR OPENING AND CLOSING(Applicable for vehicles in allentrance door with mechanical key)
When opening the front door to getin, first unlock the mechanical key onthe entrance door and operate theentrance key on the right side of thefront middle panel.When closing the front door to getoff, open the front door by operatingthe door control switch and get off.
In the outside of bus, close the doorwith the key and look the mechanicalkey on the entrance door not to beopened in case of air leaking.
(Applicable for vehicles in allentrance door except mechanical key)
When opening the front door to getin, operate the entrance key on theright side of the froot middle panel.When closing the front door to getoff, open the front door by operatingthe door control switch and get off.In the outside of bus, close the doorwith the key.
IDLING
H..L
Before operating entrance key, unlockmechanical key on door frame.
NOTICE
When opening front entrance door for a long time, setting emergency valveat manual position and put control switch in close position. When returningto automatic condition, putting control switch and door in same conditionand set emergency valve at automatic position.
CAUTION
(Type A : Toggle switch) (Type B : One touch switch)
7
MANUAL OPENING ANDCLOSINGType A : Select type
As setting the “Auto–Manual” changelever installed right, lower inner sideof front panel(beside of driver’s rightleg), the door can be opened andclosed by hands.
Type B : Push/Pull or rotary type (OPTION)
As setting the "Auto-Manual" changeknobs are installed two types. One ofthe types installed inner upper panelthe entrance door operated by air.Other installed outer mid panel on leftside of door operated by electric pushbutton. the door can be opened andclosed by hands.
IDLING
H..L
(Push/Pull type) (Rotary type)
8
Adjustment of Fixed type (S-104H) (BM090, BS090)
1. Back angle adjustmentTo adjust the seat back, turn No. 1 handle, and leanbackwards and foreward until desired angle isachieved.
2. Slide adjustmentTo move the seat forward and backward.Pull No. 2 lever, forward and slide the seat.
3. Height (Tilting) adjustmentDesired the seal height can be achieved by pulingNo. 3 lever upward and downward.
2
1
2
3
1
DRIVER’S SEAT AND BELT
9
How to use non suspension seat
Semi suspension seat can be infinitly adjusted to suit the weight of the driver.
Height Adjustment Back AngleSlide Adjustment
10
Adjustment of Air suspension type driver’sseat (S-110A) (BS106, BH113/115/120E, BV120)
1. Slide adjustmentTo move the seat forward or rearward, pull No. 1 leverupwards and the slide the seat.
2. Back angle adjustmentTo adjust the seat back, pull No. 2 lever and leanbackwards or forewards until the desired angle isachieved.
3. Height and slope adjustmentDesired seat height can be achieved by pulling No. 3lever.
4. Upper lumbar support air cushion adjustment.4. Lower button is for inflation, upper button is for defl-4. ation5. Lower lumbar support air cushion adjustment.
Push the lumbar support air cushion adjustment but-ton to suit seating position.
4. Lower button is for inflation, upper button is for defl-4. ation6. Air suspension stroke support air undercushion adjust-
mentDo not adjust the driver’s seat while driving.
2
2
445
33
6
1
5
4
1
Adjustment of Air suspension type driver’s seat (S-110A)(BH090, BS106, BH115E, BH120E) (BM090/BS090 : OPTION)
11
How to use air suspension seat
Air suspension seat can be infinitly adjusted to suit the weight of the driver.
Height Adjustment Tilt Adjustment(RR) Tilt Adjustment(FRT) Back Angle
The vehicle is equipped with three point type(driver’s)and reel type(passenger’s)Every person who drives or rides in this vehicleshould wear a seat belt at all time.The buzzer will sound, if the driver’s seat belt is notfastened when the ignition switch is turned to the“ON” position.1) Pull the belt evenly out of the retractor and guide
it across the body making certain that it is nottwisted.The seatback should not be in a reclining positionanymore than needed for comfort.
2) Insert the metal latch plate into the buckle .3) To remove the belt, depress the red push button
on the buckle.And the belt wil roll up automatically.
4) When the driver’s seat belt is not in use, adjustthe latch plate within 10cm from the seat loop.
The belt must not be twisted when fitted.
Do not wear the shoulder belt across the neck orunder your outer arm.
Seat Belts
1
2
13
Seat belt warning lamp
The seat belt warning lamp comes onwhen the ignition switch is placed inthe “ON” position unless the driver’sseat belt is securely fastened.
Pilot indicator lamps
1. Never use the belt for morethan one person at a time.
2. Never wear the belts twisted.3. Make sure seat belts or their
attachments not to be thrustedin metal parts of the seat orthe door.
4. Seat belts should be adjustedas firmly as possible.
5. Do not wear seat belts lowunder your shoulder.
6. If you replace your seat beltsincorrectly, you may by injuredby hardware of the belts atsudden stops.
7. Do not wear your seat beltswith hard or breakable objectssuch as glasses, pens, etc. putinto the pocket of your uppergarment.
NOTICE
1. Periodically inspect all parts ofthe belts and replace any dam-aged parts.
2. Make sure that the belts arenot to be damaged by sharpedged objects.
3. The belts should be changed ifwebbing has become frayed ordamaged.
4. Check if fixing bolts have beenfirmly installed to the floor.
5. Always keep the seat beltsclean and dry.
6. Clean only with tepid soapywater.
7. Do not bleach or dye seatbelts.
CAUTION
14
INSTRUMENTS, SWITCHES AND CONTROLS
11
18
202223
24
27
26
30
29
25 5 6 7 98 21 13 17
10
1234
14
19
15
32
12
3128
15
The quantities or locations of switches could be different from the figure, because the switches could be added oromitted, or locations could be changed by the requirements of customers.
LEGEND OF INSTRUMENT PANEL AND OTHER DEVICES
No. Description No. Description No. Description
1 Voltage meter
2 Engine coolant temperature gauge
3 Fuel gauge–Engine
4 Engine oil pressure
5 Air pressure gauge
6 Upper pilot lamps
7 Engine RPM gauge
8 Lower pilot lamps
9 Tachograph (OPTION)
Speedometer (OPTION)
10 Door opening switch (FRT)
11 Door opening switch(MID) (OPT)
12 Microphone stand
13 Radio & Cassette player
14 Switches
15 Door opening switch(RR) (OPT)
17 Defroster controller
18 Engine idling knob
19 Shift lever
(Except auto transmission)
20 Accelerator pedal
21 Wiper control and exhaust
brake lever
22 Brake pedal
23 Horn switch
24 Bulb check
25 Steering wheel
26 Head & Direction lamp lever
27 Clutch pedal
28 Valve–cab control
29 Clutch oil reservoir
30 Control panel (OPTION)
31 Door controller
32 Cup holder (BM090, BS106)
16
ATTACHMENTS OF STEERING COLUMN
Steering wheel and horn button
The steering wheel should not beturned while the vehicle is stationaryas it adversely affects the tires andsteering system.Horn button is equipped on the mid-dle of steering wheel.
Steering wheel adjustment
Type A : Tilt & Telescopic(BH115E,BH120E)(BM090/BS090/BS106 : OPTION)Adjust the steering wheel to thedesired position after pulling locklever.
Adjusting angle : 8°Travel : 40mm
Type B : Fixed (BM090, BS106)
Starter switch
Starter switch operates in the 4stages as follows :
LOCK : The key can be inserted orremoved only when the switch is inthis position.ACC : This position turns on theradio, digital clock, cigarette lighterand consent.
unlock
3°
5°
lock
20mm20mm
17
ON : This position turns on theelectrical equipment. During thevehicle operation, hold the key inthis position.
When the key is in “ON” position,the engine is automatically pre-heated according to outdoor tem-perature. Pre–heater warninglamp blinks for 0.3 second at ahigher temperature(coolant temp. :above 25°C) and for 18 secondsat a lower temperature(coolanttemp. : below 25°C), duringwhich the engine is preheated for20 seconds.
START : Once the engine is start-ed, it is preheated automaticallyaccording to outdoor temperature(until coolant temperature becomes25°C or up to 6 minutes). Thisimproves the engine condition.
Turn signal switch
Move this combination switch lever inthe desired direction so that the cor-responding turn signal lamp operatesand causes the turn signal indicatorlamp on the instrument panel to flash.The switch lever returns automatical-ly to the neutral position when thesteering wheel is returned to thereverse direction. When head lampswitch is in 2nd stage simultaneouslywith turn signal lamp “ON”, corneringlamp also comes on.
LOCK
ACC ONSTART
Pilot indicator lamps
Once the engine started,release the key immediately.Do not exceed 10 seconds forthe operation of starter.Gearshift lever should be inneutral position when attemptingto start the engine.
CAUTION
18
High beam switch
When the head lamps are on, pullingthe lever down lights up not only thehead lamps with high beam but alsothe high beam indicator lamp. Whenpulling it up, head lamps with lowbeam are on.
Passing lamp switch
To light up passing lamps at anytime, pull up the lever towards thesteering wheel.The lever will return to the OFF posi-tion when released.
Lamp switch(turn type)
Lamp switch operates in two stagesas follows :1st stage : tail lamp, license plate
The windshield wiper switch has 3positions to control the windshieldwiper.1. OFF Off2. INT Intermittent wipe3. LO Continuous wipe, slow speed4. HI Continuous wipe, fast speed
high beam(passing)
high beam
low beam
2nd stage
1st stageOFF
1
2
34
Do not operate the wipers when thewindshield remains dry. They mayscratch the windshield glass. Do notoperate the wipers if they are cov-ered with snow or ice as this maydamage the wiper system.
NOTICE
19
Wiper speed control switch
The desired intermittent operationtime can be controlled by turning theknob when the wiper switch is in“INT” position.
Windshield washer switch
To let washer fluid spray on the wind-shield, press and hold the center but-ton of switch.And the windshield wipers are simul-taneously operated for 2–3 cycles.
Exhaust brake switch
The exhaust brake system isdesigned to shut off exhaust pipewhen the engine brake is applied,resulting in assisting brake action.When the switch lever is pusheddownward, and clutch and acceleratorpedals are released, the indicatorlamp comes on showing that theexhaust brake is in operation. Whenthe clutch and accelerator pedals aredepressed, the exhaust brake stopsworking.
Hazard warning flasher switch
When the right–hand lever is pushedupward, all the turn signal lamps aremade to flash regardless of the turnsignal switch position.The hazard warning flasher switch isto be used when your vehicle gets ina traffic hazard or is parked in thedarkness.
20
PERIPHERAL DEVICES OF STEERING COLUMN
Idle control knob(Except MT643 auto T/M)
Turning the knob clockwise after coldstarting of the engine will increaseidling speed and thus facilitate quicknormalization of the engine coolanttemperature.Always drive with the knob turnedback home.
It controls the entire electrical cir-cuits with the exception of parkinglamps, hazard warning flashers. Theelectrical circuits are energized whenthe battery main switch is pressed.
IDLING
H..L
ascendingposition
IDLE
FASTIDLE
Do not use this knob to stop theengine.
NOTICE
21
Door opening switch
The entrance door is operated by theair cylinders as the door openingswitches on.
Manual door opening switch
When the manual door openingswitch is placed at “auto” position, thedoors are operated by the door open-ing switches, or when the switch isplaced at “manual” position, the doorsare not operated by the door openingswitch and can be opened or closedby the hands.
Air parking brake switch
When the switch is pushed, the park-ing brake is actuated and the indica-tor lamp comes on. pushed one morethe switch, releases the brake. Makesure that the indicator lamp is offbefore driving off.
IDLING
H..L
(Toggle switch type)
IDLING
H..L
Type A : Cab control valve
Type B : Gradual control
22
ABS/ASR check switch(OPTION)
The switch used for self Diagnosis ofABS/ASR system.It needs for a car mechanics, but notused for a driver usually, push thebutton about 3 seconds, self diagno-sis started and the ABS/ASR warninglamp blinker on instrument panel.
ABS ARS
ABS
ABS ARS
ASR
PO
WE
RP
OW
ER
AIR
CO
ND
ITIO
NE
R
PO
WE
R
AU
TO
VE
NT
ILA
TO
R
AIR
CO
ND
ITIO
NE
R
12
34
23
Engine check / clear switch(For DE12TiS ENG.)
When engine malfunction pilot lampcomes on, follow the below procedureto solve the problem.
1. To check error type pressingengine check switch.With pressing this switch, enginemalfunction lamp blinkers accord-ing to the error types.
10. Turn signal/hazard warning indicator11. Upper pilot indicator lamps12. Lower pilot indicator lamps
3224
160
0
48
C
H
E
F0
12
3x1000rpm
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
7101112
3 4 5 8 12 9 6
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tachograph
Speedometer
0
80
0 0 0 0 0 0
km/h
60
40
20
160
140
120
100
25
Voltmeter
The voltmeter indicates the batterycondition. Check the voltmeter read-ing with the engine running. Thegauge needle should stand betweenthe reading of 24 and 28.
Temperature gauge
The gauge indicates the enginecoolant temperature. If the gaugeneedle stands below the red coloredzone, it means that engine coolanttemperature is normal.
If the needle stands in “H”(overheat-ing), stop the vehicle and run theengine at a moderately fast idlespeed or put the gear in lower posi-tion to reduce engine load. If thevehicle is operated in abnormal con-dition, engine performance will bereduced and fuel consumption will beincreased.
Fuel gauge
This gauge indicates fuel level of thefuel tank all the time regardless of thestarter switch position.
The capital letter “E” representsalmost “empty”. Top–up the fuel tankbefore the gauge indicates “E”.
3224
160 C
H
E
F
26
Oil pressure gauge
This gauge indicates oil pressure inthe engine lubricating system. Theindication of the gauge should be 1–3kg/cm2 when the engine is at idle ; itshould be 3–6.5kg/cm2 when theengine is running at medium speed.When the gauge needle does notmove upward at all or hydraulic pres-sure changes abruptly, check the oillevel in the engine crankcase. If theoil level is found normal, have thehydraulic system checked by yournearest Daewoo dealer.
Do not run the engine with low oilpressure indication.
Air pressure gauge
Air pressure gauge indicates air pres-sure in the air tanks. While driving,the gauge needle must be within therange of 5.3–8.2kg/cm2.
Be habitual of watching the gauge,while driving, to make sure the gaugeneedle indicates the normal condi-tions.
Engine tachometer
The tachometer indicates the enginespeed in revolutions per minute(rpm)and red colored zone representscritical engine speed.
Excessively high engine rpm(red col-ored zone) may cause damage to theengine.To drive economically, keep theengine within 1,000 2,000rpm.
Maximum allowable engine speed :D1146 ENG : 2,500rpm.D1146Ti/DE12/DE12T ENG.
: 2,200rpm.DE08TiS ENG : 2,300rpm.DE12Ti/DE12TiS ENG.:2,100rpm
1
48
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R AOH AIR
FULL
AIR
2 0
12
3x1000rpm
If the gauge needle stands in thered zone, warning lamp comes onand alarm buzzer sounds. Imme-diately stop the vehicle, check forunusual conditions, run the engineat a moderately fast idle speed toincrease air pressure, then drive off.
The tachograph is consisted of odo-meter and clock. The vehicle speedand running distances are registeredin a single chart. The speedmeterindicates the vehicle speed in kilome-ter per hour(km/h). The odometer indi-cates individual trip distances. Theodometer records the total distance inkm. The unit of registered distance isloom.For further information refer to“TACHOGRAPH” on page.
Speedometer (BM090, BS106)
The speedometer is consisted ofodometer and clock. The vehiclespeed and running distances are reg-istered in a single chart. The speed-meter indicates the vehicle speed inkilometer per hour(km/h). The odome-ter indicates individual trip distances.The odometer records the total dis-tance in km. The unit of registereddistance is loom.
For further information refer to“SPEEDOMETER” on page.
Bulb check switch
When bulb check switch is pressed,warning lamp on instrument panelcomes on.And also the warning buzzer sounds.
Before driving, use this switch tocheck that all warning lamps includ-ing speed indicator lamps and theircircuits are operating normally.
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
80
0 0 0 0 0 0
km/h0-80 101-16081-100
60
40
20
160
140
120
10032
24160
0
48
C
H
E
F0
12
3x1000rpm
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
SPEED
T/MSAFETY
ABS ASR
E
28
Turn signal indicator lamp
When the turn signal switch or haz-ard warning flasher switch is turnedon, the turn signal indicator lampflashes to indicate the operation ofthe external turn signal lamps or haz-ard warning flashers.
29
UPPER PILOT INDICATOR LAMPS
Type A
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 4 5 6 7 83
1. Engine coolant temperature (high)2. Air tank pressure (low)3. Brake oil level (low) (OPT : AOH Brake)4. Seat belt (Unfastened)5. Parking lamp (on)6. Engine oil pressure (low)7. Battery charging8. Engine door (open)
9. Emergency door (open) (OPTION)10. Mirror defroster (on) (OPTION)11. Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)12. Engine preheat (on)13. High beam (on)14. Transmission neutral position15. Entrance door (open)16. Passenger’s stop order (OPTION)
30
Type B
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 4 5 6 7 83
321
1. Engine coolant temperature (high)2. Air tank pressure (low, Front)3. Air tank pressure (low, MID.)4. Air tank pressure (low, Rear EMER.)5. Brake oil level (low) (OPT : AOH Brake)6. Engine oil pressure (low)7. Battery charging8. Engine preheat (on)
9. Seat belt (Unfastened)10. Engine door (open)11. Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)12. Engine room fire warning (OPTION)13. High beam (on)14. Transmission neutral position15. Entrance door (open)16. Passenger’s stop order (OPTION)
31
Type C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
321
1. Engine coolant temperature (high)2. Air tank pressure (low, Front)3. Air tank pressure (low, MID.)4. Air tank pressure (low, Rear EMER)5. Brake oil level (low) (OPT : AOH Brake)6. Engine oil pressure (low)7. Battery charging8. Engine room fire warning (OPT)
9. Seat belt (Unfastened)10. Engine door (open)11. Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)12. Engine preheat (on)13. High beam (on)14. Transmission neutral position15. Entrance door (open)16. Passenger’s stop order (OPTION)
32
Type D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 4 5 6 7 8
1. Engine coolant temperature (high)2. Air tank pressure (low)3. Brake oil level (low) (OPT : AOH Brake)4. Seat belt (Unfastened)5. Parking lamp (on)6. Engine oil pressure (low)7. Battery charging8. Engine door (open)
9. Emergency door warning (open) (OPTION)10. Mirror defroster (on) (OPTION)11. Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)12. Engine preheat (on)13. High beam (on)14. Transmission neutral position15. Entrance door (open)16. Passenger’s stop order (OPTION)
33
Type E
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 4 6 7 83 5
321
1. Engine coolant temperature (high)2. Air tank pressure (low, Front)3. Air tank pressure (low, MID.)4. Air tank pressure (low, Rear EMER)5. Brake oil level (low) (OPT : AOH Brake)6. Engine oil pressure (low)7. Battery charging8. Engine room fire warning (OPT)
9. Seat belt (Unfastened)10. Engine door (open)11. Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)12. Engine preheat (on)13. High beam (on)14. Transmission neutral position15. Retarder warning (OPTION)16. Passenger’s stop order (OPTION)
34
Engine coolant temperature (high)
When the temperatue of engine coolantbecomes near 100°C (210°F) the warninglamp turns on.
Air tank pressure (low)
(Type A) (Type B, C, E) (Type D)
The indicator lamp comes on and the warning buzzer isoperated simultaneously, when air pressure within the airtank is lowered to 5.3kg/cm2.
If the air pressure indicator lamp comes on while driving,stop the vehicle and check to locate the cause of troubleand avioc driving with the indicator lamp turned on.Repeated application of service brakes could cause tem-porary lowering of air pressure. In such an instance, keepthe engine running as fast idle until the indicator lampgoes out.
Seat belt (Unfastened)
The seat belt warning lamp comes on whenthe ignition switch is placed in the “ON”position unless the driver's seat belt issecurely fastened.
Parking lamp (on)
(Type A)
The parking brake indicator lamp comeson when the parking brake lever is pulledwith the starter switch “ON”. The parkingbrake indicator lamp does not indicate theaction of the parking brake. Make sure topull the parking brake lever fully when park-ing the vehicle.
Before moving the vehicle, be sure to check that the park-ing brake indicator lamp is off.
PARKINGAIR 321
(Type D)
Engine oil pressure (low)
The lamp comes on when the battery mainswitch is operated and goes out as theengine is started and pressure of oil in theengine is increased.
If the lamp comes on while driving, stop the engine imme-diately and check the level of oil in the engine crank-case.If the oil level is normal, restrictions in the oil filter or atrouble in the lubricating system may be indicated and thesystem should be checked at your nearest service station.Do not run the engine with the lamp illuminated.
Battery charging
The indicator lamp comes on when the bat-tery main switch is operated and goes outas the engine is started and alternator cir-cuit is brought into normal function.
The indicator lamp comes on while the engine is running,it indicates that the alternator circuit is malfunctioning, thenimmediately stop the vehicle and have the alternator ciruitchecked by your nearest service shop.
Engine door (open)
(Type A, B, C, E) (Type D)
The indicator lamp comes on when the engine room dooris opened. If the lamp turns on even after closing the door,check the door lock and lock the door firmly
Emergency door (open)
(Type A) (Type D)
The indicator lamp comes on when the emergency dooris opened. If the lamp comes on even after closing thedoor, check the door lock and lock the door firmly..
35
ENG.�DOOR
EMER.�DOOR
Mirror defroster (on) (OPTION)
Pressing the side mirror defroster switch, theindicator lamp “ON” and the defrosting coilin the mirror starts actuating.
Air dryer operation (on) (OPTION)
(Type A,B,C,E) (Type D)
The indicator lamp comes on when the air dryer is oper-ating. (Air dryer heating system on)
Engine preheat (on)
This lamp is designed to indicate preheatingof the engine. It comes on when starterswitch is positioned “ON”, while it goes outwhen the preheating is completed.
High beam (on)
The high beam indicator lamp comes onwhen head lamps with high beam are inuse.
Transmission neutral position
The indicator lamp comes on when the gearshift lever locates in neutral position.
Entrance door (open)
(Type A,B,C,E) (Type D)
The lamp comes on while the entrance door is opened.
Passenger's stop order (OPTION)
(Type A,B,C,E) (Type D)
When the passenger push the button between windows,the buzzer sounds and this lamp comes on.
36
AIR�DRYER
STOP
ENT.�DOOR
Engine room fire warning (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on when theengien room is fired.
Retarder system warning (OPTION)
At the case that additional retarding systemis applied, while the retarder is operating,the indicator lamp comes on.
37
ENG.�ROOM
38
LOWER PILOT INDICATOR LAMPS
Type A
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E
ABS ASR
CHECK
1. Safety equipment operation2. Retarder system operation (OPTION)3. Retarder system warning (OPTION)4. Exhaust brake operation5. Speed 3 indication (OPTION)6. Electronically controlled air
Suspension operation (OPTION)7. Air condition warning (OPTION)
8. MIL9. Brake pad wear warning
10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Speed limiter operation (OPTION)14. Speed 1 indication (OPTION)15. Speed 2 indication (OPTION)
39
Type B
10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
RTD RTD E
ABS ASR
1. Safety equipment operation2. Retarder system operation (OPTION)3. Retarder system warning (OPTION)4. Exhaust brake operation5. Speed 3 indication (OPTION)6. Electronically controlled air
Suspension operation (OPTION)7. Transmission temperature
8. Do not shift10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Speed limiter operation (OPTION)14. Speed 1 indication (OPTION)15. Speed 2 indication (OPTION)
40
Type C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ABS ASR
E
1. Safety equipment operation2. Defroster operation3. Fuel empty warning4. Exhaust brake operation5. Battery main S/W operation6. Retarder operation (OPTION)7. T/M temperature warning8. Air condition warning (OPTION)
9. Over speed warning (OPTION)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Light 1 step operation14. Head lamp low beam (on)15. Front fog lamp operation
41
Type D
10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E
ABS ASR
FRONT�DOOR
MID.�DOOR
REAR�DOOR
EMER.�V/ V-F
ENG.�ROOM
EMER.�V/ V-M
EMER.�V/ V-R
1. Safety equipment operation2. Exhaust brake operation3. Front door opened4. Middle door opened (OPTION)5. Rear door opened (OPTION)6. Front emergency valve operation (OPT)7. Middle emergency valve operation (OPT)
8. Rear emergency valve operation (OPT)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Engine room fire warning (OPTION)14. Front fog lamp operation15. Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
42
Type E
109 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E
PABS ASR
FRONT�DOOR
MID.�DOOR
REAR�DOOR
EMER.�V/ V-F
EMER.�V/ V-M
EMER.�V/ V-R
CHECK
1. Safety equipment operation2. Exhaust brake operation3. Front door opened4. Middle door opened (OPTION)5. Rear door opened (OPTION)6. Front emergency valve operation (OPT)7. Middle emergency valve operation (OPT)8. Rear emergency valve operation (OPT)
9. MIL10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Parking lamp (ON)14. Front fog lamp operation15. Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
43
Type F
10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E
PABS ASR
FRONT�DOOR
MID.�DOOR
REAR�DOOR
EMER.�V/ V-F
EMER.�V/ V-M
EMER.�V/ V-R
1. Safety equipment operation2. Exhaust brake operation3. Front door opened4. Middle door opened (OPTION)5. Rear door opened (OPTION)6. Front emergency valve operation (OPT)7. Middle emergency valve operation (OPT)
8. Rear emergency valve operation (OPT)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Parking lamp (ON)14. Front fog lamp operation15. Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
9. Emergency door (OPEN) (OPTION)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Speed limiter operation (OPTION)14. Front fog lamp operation15. Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
45
Type H
7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2 3 4 5 6
E
ABS ASR
1. Safety equipment operation2. Retarder system operation (OPTION)3. Retarder system warning (OPTION)4. Exhaust brake operation5. Speed 3 indication (OPTION)6. T/M temperature warning
7. ABS system warning (OPTION)8. ASR system warning (OPTION)9. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)
1. Safety equipment operation2. Exhaust brake operation3. Front door opened4. Middle door opened (OPTION)5. Rear door opened (OPTION)6. Front emergency valve operation (OPT)7. Middle emergency valve operation (OPT)8. Rear emergency valve operation (OPT)
9. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Retarder system operation (OPTION)13. Parking lamp (ON)14. Front fog lamp operation15. Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
47
Type J
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E
ABS ASR
1. Safety equipment operation2. Defroster operation3. Fuel empty warning4. Exhaust brake operation5. Battery main S/W operation6. Retarder operation (OPTION)7. T/M temperature warning8. Do not shift
9. Over speed warning (OPTION)10. ABS system warning (OPTION)11. ASR system warning (OPTION)12. Auto greaser operation (OPTION)13. Light 1 step operation14. Head lamp low beam (on)15. Front fog lamp (on)
Safety equipment operation
(Type A-G, I, J) (Type H)
When the passenger stands at entrance step, the reardoor is not closed, this lamp comes on.
Retarder system operation (OPTION)
(Type A, C, H-J) (Type B)
For automatic transmission, while the retarder is operating,the indicator lamp comes on.
Retarder system warning (OPTION)
(Type A, H) (Type B)
At the case that additional retarding system is applied,while the retarder is operating, the indicator lamp comeson.
Exhaust brake operation
The indicator lamp comes on while theexhaust brake is operating.
Electronically controlled air suspension opera-tion (OPTION)
The height of the body is controlled auto-matically in accordance with the weight andspeed of the vehicle, the lamps comes onwhen the system is operating.
48
SAFETY
E
ECS
RTD
RTD
49
Speed 1 indication (OPTION)
(Type A, B, G) (Type H)
At the vehicle speed in 0~5km/H the lamp comes on, alsothe left Yellow-Green marker lamp on the roof at the frontof the vehicle, lights on.
Speed 3 indication (OPTION)
(Type A, B, G) (Type H)
At the vehicle speed in 0~5km/H the lamp comes on, alsothe left Yellow-Green marker lamp on the roof at the frontof the vehicle, lights on.
Speed 2 indication (OPTION)
(Type A, B, G) (Type H)
At the vehicle speed in 80km/H the lamp comes on, alsothe middle red marker lamp on the roof at the front of thevehicle, lights on.
Brake pad wear warning
The indicator lamp comes on when thebrake limning is too much worn out.
Over speed warning (OPTION)
At the vehicle speed in 80km/H the lampcomes on, also the middle red marker lampon the roof at the front of the vehicle, lightson.
SPEED 1 SPEED 2
SPEED 3
SPEED
ABS system warning (OPTION)
As the battery relay and the starter switch-es are turned on, the indicator lamp comeson and goes put when the vehicle speedreach to 5~10km/H. If the lamp keeps light-ing while driving, the ABS/ARS system is outof order and should be checked.
ASR system warning (OPTION)
As the battery relay and the starter switch-es are turned on, the indicator lamp comeson and goes out in a short time. If the lampkeeps lighting while driving, the ASR systemis out of order and should be checked.
Auto greaser operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on while the autogreasing system is operating or the mainpressure of the system drops below25kg/mm2.
Speed limiter operation (OPTION)
The lamp comes on while the speed limitersystem is operating.
Air conditioner warning (OPTION)
The lamp comes on when the high/low volt-age is flowing or the compressor clutch isdisconnected, etc.
Head lamp low beam (ON)
The high beam indicator lamp comes onwhen head lamps with high beam are inuse.
Engine malfunction lamp
Check the state of engine operating whenstarter key on.This lamp flashes at engine cranking innormal of engine operating.
Otherwise, on abnormal of Engine operating, lamp comeon continuously and come on during of engine running.
50
ASR
CHECK
SPEED�LIMITERABS
When the ABS/ASR system is out of order, the brakesystem works as if ABS system is not applied.
NOTICE
51
Transmission temperature
(Type B) (Type C, J) (Type H)
The lamp comes on when the oil temperature of automatictransmission is overheated beyond the specified value.
Shift
(Type B) (Type J)
The lamp comes on when the engine RPM rises beyondshifting point.
Defroster operation
For automatic transmission, while theretarder is operating, the indicator lampcomes on.
When the defroster in operating for refuse frost, the indi-cator lamp comes on.
Fuel empty warning
When fuel indiator needle located aroundEmpty state, (Red line) indicator lamp comeon.
Battery main S/W operating
The indicator lamp comes on when the bat-tery relay switch is operated and goes outas the engine is started and alternator cir-cuit is btought into normal function.
The indicator lamp comes on while the engine is running,it indicates that the alternator circuit is malfuncitioning, thenimmediately stop the vehicle and have the alternator cir-cuit checked by your nearest service shop.
Light 1 step operating
At the vehicle speed in 0~5km/H the lampcomes on, also the Yellow-Green markerlamp on the roof at the front of the vehicle,lights on.
At the tail lamps come on, indicator lamp come on.
T/M�TEMP.
SHIFT T/M
52
Front fog lamp operation
The lamp comes on when the front fog lampswitch is turned “ON”.
Rear fog lamp operation (OPTION)
The lamp comes on when the tail lamp is“ON” and it light off while tail lamp comeoff.
Against rear fog lamp keep up “OFF” while tail lamp iscomes on.
Parking lamp (On)
The parking brake indicator lamp comes onwhen the parking brake lever is pulled withthe starter switch “ON”.
The parking brake indicator lamp does not indicate theaction of the parking brake. Make sure to pull the park-ing brake lever fully when parking the vehicle.
Before moving the vehicle, be sure to check that the park-ing brake indicator lamp is off.
Front door operation
When the front door is opened, this indica-tor lamp comes on.
Middle door operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on when the mid-dle door is opened.
Rear door operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on when reardoor is opened.
Front emergency valve operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on while the mid-dle emergency valve operation.
FRONT�DOOR
MID.�DOOR
REAR�DOOR
EMER�V/V-F
P
53
Middle emergency valve operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on while theMid. emergency vlave operation.
Rear emergency valve operation (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on while therear emergency valve operation.
Engine room fire warning (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on when theengien room is fired.
Mirror defroster (ON) (OPTION)
Pressing the side mirror defroster switch, theindicator lamp “ON” and the defrosting coilin the mirror starts actuating.
Emergency door (open) (OPTION)
The indicator lamp comes on when theemergency door is opened. If the lampcoems on even after closing the door, checkthe door lock and lock the door firmly.
EMER�V/V-M
EMER.�DOOR
EMER�V/V-R
ENG.ROOM
54
SWITCHES
The quantities or locations of switches could be different from the figure, because the switches could be added oromitted, and locations could be changed by the requirement of customers.
55
Room lamp switch (Floor 1)
Push the switch to light on the firstroom lamp (incandescent) from theentrance door (Front).
Room lamp switch (Floor 2)(Apply for vehicles with lamprack)
Push the switch, light come on the allroom lamp (incandescent) but exceptfirst room lamp at the entrance door(Front).
Mood lamp switch 1 (OPTION)(Apply for vehicles with lamprack)
Pressing the switch to light on themood lamp come on in order odd.
F F F
56
Mood lamp switch 2 (OPTION)(Apply for vehicles with lamprack)
Pressing the switch to light on themood lamp in order even.
Room lamp switch (Bulb)
Push the switch to light on the fluo-rescent room lamps at the passen-ger’s compartment.
Driver lamp switch
Pressing the switch, the driver’s com-partment lamp comes on.
F B
57
Luggage lamp switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, the luggage com-partment lamps come on. The switchoperates when the light switch is on.
Reading lamp switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, reading lampsbelow the air–conditioner grill comeon.
Fog lamp switch (Front)
Pressing the switch, the fog lampscome on to improve your Foreward/backward vision in fog or snow.
58
Fog lamp switch(Rear) (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, the fog lampscome on to improve your Backwardvision in fog or snow.
Battery main switch
Pressing the switch to light on thebattery lamp come on.
Parking lamp switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch to light on theparking lamp lamp come on.
P
59
Front ent. door switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, front ent. doorlamps upper the front door come on.
Mid. ent. door switch (OPTION)
Pushing the switch, Mid. ent. doorlamps come on.When Mid door opened.
Rear ent. door switch (OPTION)
Pressubg the switch, rear ent. doorrlamps comes on when rear ent. dooropened.
60
TV/VCR power switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, electric power toTV/VCR is supplied.
Electric fan switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, electric fanpower supplied for driver's and pas-sengeeer's fan.
Step lamp switch (OPTION)
Push the switch to light on the searchlamp from the front/middle/rear door.
61
Destination board switch (OPT)
Push the switch to light on the des-tination boards front and rear.
Door rack lamp switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, door rack lampscome on.3
Heater mirror switch (OPTION)
Pressing the switch, provide heater inmirror.
62
Power on by pressing the switch( ),the indicator lamp( ) light comes onAutomatically(power off by pressingthe switch( ) again).Turn to right the contrast switch( ),the scene state is kept distinctly,the turning to the bright controlswitch( ) left/right, the bright ofscene is controlled darkly andbrightly.Selet( ) the camera C1/C2 in caseof two camera installed. C1 is inner
watching camera by pressing theupper button and other is outerwatching.Select the Auto/Manual switch( ).–Auto : Rear situation is displayed
the monitor with operationon camera in state of shift-ed reward gear of vehicle.
–Manual : Camera operated bypower on.
Press the light of scene controllerbutton( ) the scene is drak in night,othewise in daytime, it’s brighted.
CAMERA1. LENS : It’s possible inputing the a
picture and veiwing 130°degrees of an angle.
2. COVER : Profected the camera onwater proof stuff.
3. DIN PLUG : Connect the monitorand camera.
THE CAR VISION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE (OPTION)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2
1
3
63
HEATING AND DEFROSTING
Heating and defrosting of driver’s compartment
Move the upper control lever from theleft end of right side, the blower fanstarts to operate and the incoming airflow increases gradually.When the middle control lever to theright side end, in the blower is cycledin inner.Otherwise, the lever to the left side end,the blower is inhaled from outer for cir-culation.
Heating and defrosting of driver’s compartment
When the lower control lever isplaced at the left and, the air comesby two directions, one is to the dri-ver’s foot side and another is to thewindshield glass side.
By moving the control lever to the rightside, the air coming into the foot sidedecreases and to the wind shield glassside increases gradually.When the lever reaches to the rightend, the air comes in by the windshieldglass side only.
OFF 3OFF 1 2OFF 1 2 3
64
Heating of passenger's com-partment (OPTION)
Power switch
Power on by turning the end of leftside (Light Red color part) to side ofcenter (Red color) or Right (Darkcolor).
HEATER
Controller operator switch
Before press the units controller but-ton, must be operated power switch( ), and push the button for unitselector ( ).Select the unit No. by pressing thebuttons are ordinary order from unitNo.1 to No.5.After, the selection fan by turning theRotary selector ( ) to right side (DarkRed).It’s increase highly.
21
HEATER
1
2
321
HEATER
1
2
321 4
HEATER
1
2
(Heater–2EA) (Heater–3EA) (Heater–4EA)
65
AIR–CONDITIONINGCOOLER (ROOF–ON TYPE) (OPTION)Temperature controller(Type A : Rotary type controlpanel)
Turning the end of left side(Darkblue), the temperature of indoor isdecrease lowerly otherwise, turningthe right side(Light blue) it’s increasehighly.
Power switch
The cooler power switch is operatedby pressing the button (2), then cool-er blower fan is operated as eachstep of fan speed switch (4, 5, 6).While the cooling operator switch isnot pressed, room air only cirrculates.
Cooling operator switch (3)
Before press the button, must beoperated power switch(1).Press the switch (3) and cooler startsoperation.
Blower fan operator switch(4, 5, 6)Swithc (4) : 60% of max. capacity.Swithc (5) : 80% of max. capacity.Swithc (6) : 100% of max. capacity.
Warning indicator (7)
When the refrigerant is flowing thehigh/low pressure or the disconnectedof compressor clutch, etc., then theindicator lamp come on.
POWER
AIRCONDITIONER
1
2 3 4 5 6
POWER
AIRCONDITIONER
1
2 3 4 5 7
Type Type
66
(Type B : Seesaw type controlpanel)
CoolingFirst start engine and set the roomtemperature with the control knob.Push the cooling/vent switch to“cooling” side.Push “ON” the power switch, the allsystems like the compressor, con-denser fan and evaporator blowerstart operation for cooling.(The “cooling” indicating lampcomes on).
When the room temperature dropsbelow the set temperature, the sys-tem does air blowing operattiononly, and the room temperature rises beyond the set temperature,the system returns to cooling oper-ation automatically.
VentilationPush the cooling/vent switch to“VENT” side.Push “ON” the power switch, tomaintain adequate room tempera-ture by blowing in the fresh andcool outdoor air.At this time the compressor andcondenser fan do not operate, butthe blowers in the evaporator oper-ate.
StopNormal stoppingFirst push “cooling/vent” switch to“vent” side, then cooling stops andthe system operates only for venti-lation, Push power switch “OFF”,then all systems stop operation.Emergency self stopping.- When refrigerant pressure rises
abnormally high (over 22kg/cm2),the electric clutch of compressor isdisengaged, so the compressorstops working.(The “Trouble” indicating lampcomes on).In the case that any troubles arechecked in operation, the emer-gency self stop occurs, this meansthe stop of compressor, the con-denser and evaporator fan do notstop and continue operating.
AIR-CONDITIONERVENT COOLING
COOLINGON
OFF VENT
HIGH
LOW TEMP
TROUBLE
15 30
67
- When refrigerant pressure goesdown abnormally low(below0.5kg/cm2), the electric clutch ofcompressor is disengaged, so thecompressor stops working.(The “trouble” indicating lampcomes on).
High/low switch operationBy pushing the High/low switch, highor low ventilation in ventilation opera-tion and high or low cooling in cool-ing operation could be selected. Thisswitch enhances the performance oftemperature control.
As the time goes by(about 10minutes), the refrigerant pressurerises and the cooling can startagain without any special actions.If emergency self stops by theabnormal low pressure occur fre-quently, stop the vehicle operationand have service for the ait–condi-tioner system.
NOTICE
68
Refrigerant amountNo or few bubbles are seen on thesight glass under engine idling, whenthe refrigerant is sufficient. When therefrigerant is not sufficient, not a fewbubbles are seen. If the refrigerant is overcharged, itshows high pressure than normal.In this case, purse the refrigerant a lit-tle to the specified amount.
Season check1. Before season–off
Do not separate the air conditionerin season–off.Keep the air conditioner underinstallation during season–off.Keeping refrigerant is helpful forprotection of rust and oil consump-tion for long service life.
2. Season–offOperate once in a month and checkfor cooling performance.(Operateapprox. 5 minutes)Not being operated by thermostatwhen inside–temperature is below15°C.Do operate again after the temper-ature rises over 15°C by heating.
3. Season–inClosely check as the check lists.Naturally the refrigerant escapes astime passing.Refill refrigerant to the sufficientamount.
Wash, clean or replaceCheck or replaceClean with com-pressed air or waterCheckReplace desiccantCheckCheckCheckReplaceCheck and replaceCheck and replaceReplace
Replace
Normal operating air–con.SufficientNo gas–leaksNo damageKeep tighten clampNo bubblesNo leakNo damageKeep clean fin & tubeKeep clean Keep clean
OperationOperationOperationOperationOperationNo damageNoiselessNoiseless No damageKeep reasonable belt tensionNo damage
1,500HR2Years
5Years5Years
5Years5Years5Years5Years
1,000HR3Years3Years
5Years
Everyseason
2 Years
3Years (high side)5Years (low side)
70
Check points (operation)
Items Procedure & check pointBefore operation
During operation
Stop
1. Check for V–belt tension and damage.2. Check for fixing position of crank pulley, tension pully and clutch pully.3. Check for clogged inlet of cooling–air and filter mat.4. Keep compressor clean without dust or oil. If not, clean it with compressed air.5. Check for fixing condition of bolts and nuts. If not, retighten them.6. Check for gas–leak of connected position with leak–tester and retighten.
1. Check for operation when turning on the main switch after starting engine.2. Check for operation of vent, cooling and unloading by using the temperature volume.3. Check for capacity of cooling air from ducts.4. Check for operation of high–low pressure switch.
Low pressure set : 0.5kg/cm2 (warning light turn “on” and compressor clutch is disconnected)High pressure set : 0.5kg/cm2 (warning light and buzzer turn “on” and compressor clutch is disconnected)
1. Check for stopping of cooler when pushing button switch to turn off.2. Check for stopping when turning off the main switch.
7171
Check points (cycle)
Refrigerant cycle
Engine
Control devices
Items
Compressor
Condenser
Evaporator fan
Hi, low pressure switch
Drier
Receiver tank
Others
V–belt
Magnetic clutch
Control panel
Cooling unit
Condenser fan
Evaporator fan
Magnetic clutch
Check point
1. Check for operation.
2. Check for oil level and keep sufficient amount.
1. Clean fin and tube.
2. Check for gas leak and damages.
Check for operation.
Check for operation.
Replace desiccant and filters.
Check for operation.
1. Check for clamping of connected parts.
2. Check for gas leak of connected parts.
3. Check for air filter mat, drain hose and keep clean.
Check for the tension of V–belt.
Check for compressor pulley.
1. Check for switch
2. Check for lamps.
3. Check wirings for loosened condition and clamping condition.
4. Check for attaching condition.
Check for the damages and looseness.
Check wiring frame for looseness.
Check terminal for fixing condition.
Check covered wire for damage.
72
Trouble shootingIf show abnormal symptoms during operation, check the cause as followings.This chapter describes the details of troubleshooting.
Defect
High pressure isoperating at higherthan standard
High pressure isoperating at lowerthan standard
Low pressure isoperating at higherthan standard
Cause
1. Air is mixed into the cycle.
2. Overcharged refrigerant
3. Choked and clogged condenser with dust and dirt.4. Defective condenser fan.5. Too high ambient temperature when parking.1. Liquid back symptom : Refrigerant gas, which
enter compressor, contain liqued refrigerant.2. The expansion valve worn–out3. Broken discharge valve of compressor.4. Clogged inlet strainer of compressor.1. Liqued refrigerant enters compressor.2. The expansion valve worn–out.3. Broken suction or discharge valve of compressor.4. Too much refrigerant in the cycle.5. Air is mixed into refrigerating cycle.
Measures
1. Discharge the refrigerant completely, chargerefrigerant again to specified amount aftercheck vacuum.
2. Discharge the refrigerant to specifiedamount.(12 0.5kg)
3. Clean with water or compressed air.4. Repair or exchange.5. Reduce the temperature in the shade.1. Check the sensible bulb to the suction pipe.
2. Replace3. Replace4. Check and clean clogged part.1. Check the sensible bulb sticked to the suction pipe.2. Replace3. Replace4. Discharge refrigerant to the standard level.5. Charge refrigerant again to specified amount,
after discharging the refrigerant
73
Defect
Low pressure isoperating at lowerthan standard
Cause
1. Clogged pipe, drier and expansion valve2. Lack of refrigerant.
3. The evaporator is frosted or insufficient inletair for evaporator.
4. Air–inlet side clogged.5. Air filter clogged with dust and dirt.
6. Evaporator clogged with dust and dirt.7. The sensible bulb or pipe of expansion valve.8. Frosted liquid refrigerant in refrigerating cycle.
9. The expansion valve worn–out.
Measures
1. Disconnect them and check.2. Check leaking part, then charge refrigerant up
that the no–bubbles are seen on the sightglass.
3. Stop operation temporarily.
4. Check for clogged part and clean up.5. Keep the air filter clean with water or com-
pressed.6. Check for clogged part and clean.7. Replace8. Discharge the refrigerant completely, and
charge the refrigerant again to the specifiedamount without liquid refrigerant.
Condenser unit1. Condenser(LEFT)2. Condenser(RIGHT)3. Receiver tank4. Dryer5. Motor(DC24V)6. Fan7. Motor mount8. High pressurized gas line(hose)9. High pressurized liqued pipe(left)
10. High pressurized liqued pipe(right)11. High pressurized liqued line(hose)12. Housing13. Sealing14. Locking15. Air intake duct
14
15
2
1312
1
9
657
4 3 11 10 8
76
1. Evaporator(left)2. Evaporator(right)3. Expansion valve4. Sight glass5. Motor(DC24V)6. Fan7. Fan case8. High pressurized liqued pipe9. High pressurized gas pipe
10. Low pressurized gas pipe11. Pressure equalizing pipe12. Air filter13. Drainage prevention filter14. Operating panel15. Temperature sensor16. Wiring17. Drain hose18. Panel support19. Pipe support20. Housing21. Sealing22. Locking23. Air intake
17
21
13
194
1
16
23 3 11 10
18 8 9
12
2
14
15
5
76
22
20
Evaporator unit
77
Part name & Treatment for each device
1. Control panel
1. Operation & Pre-heater switch2. Blower air control switch3. Indoor TEMP. setting switch4. Power operation lamp5. Oil buzzer lamp6. COMP. Buzzer lamp7. Battery charging lamp8. Cold water buzzer lamp
2. Function of each switch
1) Operation & Pre-heater switchThe organization of switch is dumbuler switch as2 stage, heat ON is using for pre-heating to glowplug, start ON is using for engine operation of AIR-CON.(Do not use it for more than 10 sec. At pre-heater& for more than 3 sec. at operating)
2) Blower air control switchThe switch is used at air control of AIR-CON blow-er & engine stop as 5 stages.1 OFF : at AIR-CON stop.2 LOW : The air of AIR-CON blower is operated at
LOW.(60% of total air)3 MID : The air of AIR-CON blower is operated at
MID.(80% of total air)4 HIGH : The air of AIR-CON blower is operated
at HIGH.(100% of total air)5 AUTO : Blower AIR-CON is controlled automati-
cally depending on INDOOR & SETTINGTEMP.(3 stage control of auto air)
OIL COMP
15 30
HIGH
AUTO
MIDLOW
OFF
HEAT(10sec)
START(3sec) ROOM TEMP(¡C)
POWER
BAT WATER
1 2 3 75
4
6
8
COOLER (ROOF-ON TYPE W/POWER PACK) (OPTION)
78
3) Indoor TEMP. settimg switchIt is designed that the INDOORTEMP can be kept regularly byuser’s setted temp(15~30°C) inorder to keep fresh condition intothe indoor cabine and indoor tempcan be automaticalley controlled atauto driving.Therefore, unnecessary actionwould not be need and be con-tributed to safe driving.
4) Power operation lampThe lamp can be on and signedthe control status at air con oper-ation & blower air control switchon.
5) Oil buzzer lampThe buzzer lamp can be on if theE/G <less than 0.3Kg/cm2G> andsimultaneously, E/G would bestopped with occurance of buzzer.
6) COMP. Buzzer lampThe lamp for pressure rejectedbuzzer would be on to compressorhigh <more than 24Kg/cm2G> & com-pressor low<less than 0.5Kg/cm2G>due to system failure at air con oper-ation. At this time, E/G would beautomatically stopped with buzzer.
7) Battery charging lampThe lamp would be on at thecharging failure of battery due toover currency after E/G operation& alternator operation.(When BL-OWER S/W is on at E/G opera-tion, lamp on is not failure)
8) Cold water lampThe lamp would be on if temper-ature of cold water is high(100±2°C) after E/G operation. At thistime, E/G would be automaticallystopped with buzzer.
3. Operation turn of AIR-CON
1) Fresh temperature shall be settedwith setting temperature switch.
2) BLOWER AIR CONTROL SWITCHshall be conversed to LOW.: Power lamp, oil lamp, batterylamp would be on with buzzer insimultaneous. And AIR-CONBLOWER air is operated toLOW.
3) If you push E/G operation & pre-heating switch to E/G operation for3 sec.E/G would be operated with air-con operation. <The lamp wouldbe off after E/G operation, at thistime, buzzer is not occured.>
4) Please control blower air depend-ing on indoor cabine temperature.
79
4. Operation stop of AIR-CON
1) Normal stop: Blower swich shall be OFF<After E/G OFF, AIR-CON is offafter condenser fan motor opera-tion for 30 sec..>
2) Abnormal stopE/G would be stopped with buzzerin control at rejection of compres-sor high/low of air-con system.: E/G would be stopped withbuzzer in control at E/G <OIL,COLD WATER> rejection.
Check before operation
1. Check point before operation
1) Fuel2) Check & fulfill of cooling water3) Amount of engine oil4) Leakage check for fuel system5) Leakage check of refrigerant6) Exhaustion status of engine
2. Check operation
1) FuelThe fuel of system is from fueltank for main engine.
The fuel consumption of powerpack system is about 4.7l/H at1950rpm on operation.
2) Check & fulfill of cooling waterIt is an enough if the enginecoolant is in full up to below ofcoolant inlet on radiator.If need supplementation, use it asdistilled water or clean undergroudwater.(Coolant : about 3.5l)
In occasion of season(coolinseason)-off, drain the coolantcompletely using drain cock,and then mix & refill theantifreezing solution in accor-dance with outdoor air condi-tion.
3) Amout of engine oilCheck the oil amout by oil levelgauge at horizontal position. It isnormal if the oil is between grad-uation line of gauge.If insufficient, refill up to high level.(High 5l, Low 4l)
Please replace the engine oilat first 50 hours after start ofcooling operation, and then theday after at every 100 hour.
80
4) Leakange check for fuel systemPlease pay attention & keep aneye to the joint part of fuel pipessuch like fuel filter and injectionpump etc.When in leakage, re-tighten theclamp or plug more.
5) Leakage check of refrigerantPlease check the joint part ofrefrigerant line in suction & dis-charge side.It is a system of gas leakage ifyou find some oil residues & dirtson joint parts.
It is impossible to find the gasleakage very small. In thiscase, check it with gas leaktester on the service center.
6) Exhaustion status of engineIt is a normal when the exhaust gasis colorless, but in case of white orblack, please contact to service sta-tion.
Daily & regular check
1. Important check & repair
1) Engine part → refer to separateservice manual of engine
(1) Air cleanerWith air cleaner of power packass’y is filter paper type whitchis avairable to filter minute dirt,please clean the element often.
(2) Belt tensionMore tighter belt tension, moreabrasion of each pulley bearingpart and no good cooling effect.As it can cause an over heat,check & regulate it. Belt tensionis that 12mm is reasonable whenpush the middle of each pulley.
Check period : Check belttension, scratch or oil andsewage status every 100hour, and adjust or replacethem. If regulate, adjust itwith guide B.K.T bolt foralternator fixation.
81
2) Cooler systemCheck of refrigerant amount : ifinsufficient, the cooling effect isdecreased.In case that see the bubbles insight glass, fill up the refrigerantproperly.
No problem in case that can seethe bubbles intermittently. Please decide it seeing sight glassduring 3~5 minutes.
Normal
On the switch, bubbles be seensometime, and then be clear later
Insufficient Nearly empty
Abnormal
• Bubbles on operation and be seen with foggy status at the same time.• Causes
- Sinsufficient refrigerant- Water contained
NOTICE
82
2. Regular check list
1) Engine(system)
Periodical check
SYSTEM NO Check list Working Standardeveryday every every every every Replace
Remarksor at any 100 200 1 2 period
time hrs. hrs. season season1 Cooling water Check Water
Replace amount ● 1 season
2 Radiator Cleaning Be closed●
Condensor fin with dust3 Rediator hose Check Wound
●1 season
Replace ageing4 Fan belt Check Wound
Replace Ageing ● 1 seasonTension
5 Cooling system Cleaning Dirty ●
6 Oil supply to Check●
water pump7 Oil supply to Check
● 200hrsmain pulley
8 Engine oil Check At Replace designated ● 100hrs
maker9 Others
●
After first 50hrs.drain the coolingwater at season-offProhibit a systemwashing
Tension check is12mm at pressing of5kg/f after first 50hrs.
Designated goods
Designated goods
Replace at first50hrs or the dayafter every 100hrsRefer to Engineservice manual
Refrigerantcycle
Lubricant&
fuel system
83
Please refer to engine service manual about other non-discriced details.
Periodical check
SYSTEM NO Check list Working Standardeveryday every every every every Replace
Remarksor at any 100 200 1 2 period
time hrs. hrs. season season10 Air cleaner Cleaning Dirty
● 1 seasonelement Replace
11 Air cleaner Check Breakage●
hose12 Air cleaner Jointing Looseness
●hose clamp
13 Oil tube rubber Check Leakage● 1 season
hose14 Joint part of Jointing Looseness
●exhaust gas pipe
15 Engine Jointing Looseness●
mounting bolt16 Engine Disassemble At designated
& cleaning maker
Replace after first50hrs.
After first 50hrs
Airinspirator
Others
84
2) Cooler(system)
Periodical check
SYSTEM NO Check list Working Standardeveryday every every every every Replace
Remarksor at any 100 200 1 2 period
time hrs. hrs. season season1 Engine stop Confirmation Operation
As air is not able to liquid or evaporized, press.
subject to strange.
Dirty conderser fin
Outdoor temp. is high
Bad compression
Breakage of comp. “0” ring
Exp. V/A is so opened (Liquid hammering)
Bad connection of temp. sensor box, broken
insulator
Remedy & Repair
Refer to engine check point
Replace water temp. S/W
Drain the refrigerant to proper amout (8.5kg)
Drain the gas completely, make it vaccum and
then refill the gas.
Wash by water or air. (No steam washing)
Sprinkle the water to condenser in the shade.
Check & repair the comp. dischange part.
Replace “0” ring
Adjust a expansion V/A. (Counter-clockwise)
Stick the temp. sensor body fast to inlet pipe
and stick the insulator closely.
90
Symptoms
Low-press. is
low,
High-press. is
high
Bad blower
unit
Causes & Check
Poor refrigerant
Bubbles on sight glass
Suction pipe is not cool
So closed exp. V/A
Air filter is clogged. (Be frosted at frontal area
of cooler)
Outdoor air temp. is low.
No operation of Low-press S/W
Weak air flow and noise due to the loosed belt.
Gas leakage form temp. sensor body of expan-
sion valve.
Clogged dryer.
No power supply.
Injuried fan.
Serious vibration
Some gap between motor & fan.
Remedy & Repair
Repair thd gas leaking part.
Fullfil the gas to proper amount.
Open the V/A by adjust screw.
Clean the air filter
Check a Low-press. S/W, and replace if bad.
Adjust belt tension or replace belt
Replace a expansion valve.
After disassemble dryer, replace the desicant
and clean the strainer.
Check & repair fuse & related wiring diagram
Replace
Replace
Jointing the fixing nut and clip again.
91
3. Check and remedy of poor cooling
Symptoms
Many bubbles
through sight
glass
Be frosted
in evaporator
Be frosted from
inlet of eva. to
distributor of
exp. V/A
Causes & Check
Poor refrigerant
Be clogged in dryer.
Trouble of expansion valve
Air filter is clogged.
Weak air EVA. fin is clogged.
flow Much dusts on cooler fan
Duct leakage
Heat load in low inside of room.
Same as symptom
Remedy & Repair
Dischage the refrigerant properly.
If clogged so often, chage it.
Turn the adjust nut of exp. V/A one or twice
and see the low press. gauge. In case that
no chage in gauge due to traubled exp. V/A,
change it.
If change in, open to 50 of over heat degree.
Cleaning.
Clean the fin.
Disassemble & clean pay attention to the
change of balance weight.
Adjust the leaking part.
Check the setting temp. of temp. control S/W.
92
Symptoms
Dew forms or
frosts to the
compressor.
Hi-press. is
low, Low-
press. is high.
The temp. of
discharging gas
is too high
High heat
load inside of
room
Causes & Check
Over charged refrigerant
Exp. V/A is so opened.
Breakage of suction & discharge V/A of com-
pressor.
Seal breakage of comp.
Be opened window or ventillation fan.
Poor connection of suction duct.
Too many passengers.
Remedy & Repair
Drain the refrigerant until 50 of over cooling
Check insulator and whether the temp. sen-
sor box is closed to inlet pipe.
Regulate the adjust nut of exp. V/A by 50 of
over heat degree.
Check & repair of compressor valve.
Replace after disassemble.
Close the window and vent. fan.
Protect the heat from jointed duct.
Keep the fixed seating capacity.
93
1. Operation
(1) Confirm the selector switch at “L” position.(2) Turn the key switch (counterclockwise) to
“PREHEAT” position in order to heat the glowplugs with the engine for approximately 20seconds.
(3) Set the key switch to “ON” position, and makesure that the oil pressure lamp is lighted for abulb check.
(4) Then, turn the key switch (clockwise) to“START” position. The sub-engine will be dri-ven by starter motor.
Note : If not starting the sub-engine after. Runningthe starter motor for 20 seconds, try torestart the sub-engine by doing the abovementioned process “(1)” to “(4)” after oneminutes.
(5) Release your hand from the key switch afterstarting the sbu-engine. The sub-engine runsat low speed and the bus air conditioner isjust operated.
Note : The key switch should be remained with“ON” position while operating the bus airconditioner.
2. Control panel
1. Oil pressure lamp 6. Fuse box2. Water temperature lamp 7. Temp control switch3. High/Low pressure lamp 8. Selector switch4. Sediment lamp 9. Glow pilot5. Power lamp 10. Key switch
7 1 2 3 4 8 9 6 105
COOLER (SUB ENGINE TYPE) (OPTION)
94
3. Stopping
(1) Normal stoppingTurn the key switch “OFF” position, when youwant to stop the engine.
(2) Emergency stoppingThe GB 220SK air conditioning system pro-vides the safety functions to stop automatical-ly its operation under the following emergentconditions.a. When the refrigerant pressure of the bus air
conditioner system may deviate abnormallyfrom specified limit.
b. When the coolant temperature of the enginemay reach to the temperature of possibleengine overheating.
95
4. Refrigerant system
Use of refrigerant R-12 in this system cools theair in the bus with evaporation of the refrigerant.The evaporated refrigerant is fed into condenserafter compressed at high pressure and high tem-perature by compressor for repeated use.
Condenser fan converts the refrigerant into liquidat high pressure and high temperature by cooling.Use of expansion valve cause the liquid refriger-ant to be decompressed, to enter the cooler again,and to evaporate to cool down the air in the bus.
Cooling air, condenserLiquidreceiver
CondenserCooled air
Evaporator
CompressorRoom air, returning
Expansionvalve
Sight �glass
Dryer
Evaporator
Expansion�valve
Receiver tankBypass�solenoid
High pressure line�Low pressure line
Condenser
Compressor
96
5. Sub engine driving system
Condenser fan is driven by V-belt, and evaporator fan by driving shaft.
Water cooler is operated by pressingthe water pump on/off switch ( ), andpush the button ( ) for served thecold water through the nozzle ( ).If water is not enough the cool.Operated the water cooler switch bypushing the button ( ) then, the wateris refrigerating.
4
2�
3
1
1. Nozzle2. Water on/off switch3. Water pump on/off
switch4. Water cooler on/off
switch
100
PREHEATER (OPTION)
Preheater operation
1. In the case that the ambient tem-perature is below 0°C, push thepreheat switch ( ) about 20 sec-onds for preheating the fuel noz-zle, then push the operateswitch ( ).(Preheat( ) indicating lamp comeson when the preheating of fuelnozzle is finished)
The time of indicating lamp com-ing on is different by ambient tem-perature.(The preheat temperature is about30°C.)
2. By push the operate switch ( ),the indicating lamps “operate ( )”and “pump ( )” come on. Also“drive motor” and “Water pumpmotor” start operating. By the drivemotor operating, the blowing fanand fuel pump work together.
3. Within 15 30 seconds after oper-ating of “drive motor” and “waterpump motor”, the solenoid valve isopened and fuel injection starts. Atthe same time electric dischargestarts between the electrodes byhigh current. Then the injected fuelis ignited and combustion starts.(The indicating lamp “combustion( )” comes on).
4. After ignition, flame defector checkthe condition of combustion andstops the electric dischargebetween electrodes.
5. When the temperature of coolantreaches to 75°C, after normalcombustion, the solenoid valvestops fuel injection by the thermosensor and the “combustion ( )”indicating lamp goes out.After stop of combustion, the drivemotor operates 150 180 secondsmore, and stops but the waterpump motor continues operating.(The indicating lamps “operate ( )”,“pump ( )” keep lighting on).
6. At the condition of paragraph 5,when the coolant temperaturedrops below 65°C), the sequencefrom paragraph 2 4 repeats auto-matically and the heating ofcoolant is maintained.
7. To stop the operation of preheater,push the stop switch ( ), then thecombustion stops, but drive motorand water pump motor operate150 180 seconds more, thenstop.
8. When push the pump switch ( ),water pump motor operates onlyand the heating effect could byenhanced.(When operating heaters, heat lossin the heating line decreases and“pump ( )” indicating lamp comeson only).
Check point before operation1. Fuel level : Replenish if the fuel
level is low.2. Filter if it is clogged.3. Fuel feeding pipe and/fittings.4. Hot water circulation valve in the
engine side is open.5. Suction and exhaust pipe are
clean.6. Coolant level of the engine.
Maintenance1. Periodically clean fuel filter ele-
ment.2. If required clean inside heat
exchanger and remove dirts andcarbon by brush and water. It willlonger the service life.
3. For operating efficiently, removedirts, carbon of flame detector withsoft and dry cloth, and sure not nodamage C.D.S surface.
4. Take off nozzle from nozzle hold-er, and clean or exhange.
5. When operating on rough andunpaved road, be sure to cleanintake and exhaust tube periodi-cally for efficient use of blowmotor.
102
Problem
Indicating lights “on” evenswitches are operatedCirculating pump doesn toperate
Fuel pump operates, but fuelis not injected
Fuel injected, but doesn tignite
Motor doesn t operate, eventhe switches are turned “on”
Cause
1. Cut of lamp2. Fuse melted(F1 or F2)1. Fuse melted(F1 or F2)2. Water frozen3. Impeller restricted by contamination in
water flow line1. Lack of fuel2. Fuel filter blocked or frozen by water3. Leakage of fuel piping4. Solenoid valve under quality1. Electrode under quality2. Ignition unit under quality3. Lack or excess of combustion air
1. Fuse melted(F1)2. Fault or uncorrect wiring of electricals
Maintenance
1. Change2. Change1. Change2. Heating or anti–freeze injection3. Clean
1. Refuel2. Clean or change3. Tightening4. Change or overhaul repair1. Change or correct the position2. Change3. Clean air intake and exhaust tube, adjust
damper.1. Change2. Inspection and repair
Trouble shooting
103
Problem
Fuel cut, bad combustion
Overheat of preheater body
Abnormal shut off of com-bustion when operating
Cause
1. Not enough fuel supply by water anddebris in fuel line
2. Leakage of fuel line3. Lack of combustion air4. Fuel pump under quality5. Bad injection of burner nozzle1. Heat exchanger water valve shut off2. Air in water line or body3. Big resistance in water flow4. Lack of water flow by old water pump5. Bad adjustment of overheat sensor set-
10. Fast rewind/progress button11. Fast forward/progress button12. Tune Button13. Preset buttons14. Power switch15. Radio/Mic change switch16. MIC volume knob17. MIC jack18. MIC tone knob19. Monitor switch20. Echo effect knob21. Echo speed knob
Press power switch 14 to power onthe system.Press Radio/MIC switch 15 to selectthe Radio/MIC operation.Turn Radio/cassette ON/OFF andvolume knob clockwise to operateand control the volume, then theindicator starts displaying and eachlamps of knobs and buttons comeon simultaneously.Press band select button 7 to selectAM/FM band.Press seek button 5, then the fre-quency is automatically increases ordecreases and stops when anyreceivable frequency is seeked.( : decrease, : increase)Keep pressing the tune button 12,then the frequency increases ordecreases, when the needed fre-quency is received, release the but-ton : decrease, : increase)Press present button 13 to receivethe memoried frequency. Also, tomemory any frequencies on presetbuttons, while the needed frequency
is being received, keep pressingpreset buttons more than 2 seconds.Turn the tone knob 3 to control thestrength of high sound.Turn th balance knob 4 to balancethe sounds of left and right speak-ers.Press loud button 18 to enhance thelow and high sound.When the receiving condition is notgood because of high impedance,magnetic interference of etc, pushpower switch 14, then receiving con-dition can be enhanced and “LOC”is displayed in indicator.
Cassette operation
Insert tape into the slot 9, then theradio stops and tape play backestarts automatically.Keep pressing fast rewind/progressor fast forward/progress button 10,11 to rewind or forward the tapefastly.Press fast rewind/progress and fastforward/progress buttons 10, 11
together, then the tape play backdirection changes.Press eject button 6, then the tapeplay back is stopped and the tapeis ejected through the tape slot.Tone, balance and loudness controlsare same as radio operation.
MIC operation
Insert mail type jack of microphoneinto MIC jack 17.Press RADIO/MIC switch 15 toselect the Radio/MIC operation.Turn mic volume knob 16 to controlthe volume of MIC sound.Turn mic tone knob 18 to control thetone of MIC sound.
Echo operation
Turn echo effect knob 20 to controlthe echo stength.Turn echo speed knob 21 to controlthe echo speed.The volume and tone controls aresame as MIC operation.
108
RADIO AND CASSETTE TAPE PLAYER
Without echo type–A (OPTION)
1. Radio/cassette ON/OFF, and vol-ume knob
2. Indicator displaying the operatingsituation of Radio cassette tapeplayer.
3. Radio/cassette tone knob4. LEFT/RIGHT speaker balance
10. Fast rewind/progress button11. Fast forward/progress button12. Tune Button13. Preset buttons14. Power switch15. Radio/Mic change switch16. MIC volume knob17. MIC jack18. MIC tone knob19. Monitor switch
14 15 16 17 18 19
13121110987654321
SWVOL
PushLOC TONE BAL
SEEK BAND LOUD TUNE
MONITORTONEMICVOLUMERADIO/MICPOWER
OFF
ON
RADIO
MIC
MIN MAX LAW HI
ON
OFF
PROM
EJ REW FF
1 2 3 4 5 6
OFF MAX LO MI L R
109
Radio operation
Press power switch 14 to power onthe system.Press Radio/MIC switch 15 to selectthe Radio/MIC operation.Turn Radio/cassette ON/OFF andvolume knob clockwise to operateand control the volume, then theindicator starts displaying and eachlamps of knobs and buttons comeon simultaneously.Press band select button 7 to selectAM/FM band.Press seek button 5, then the fre-quency is automatically increases ordecreases and stops when anyreceivable frequency is seeked.(∇: decrease, ∆ : increase)Keep pressing the tune button 12,then the frequency increases ordecreases, when the needed fre-quency is received, release the but-ton (∇: decrease, ∆ : increase)Press present button 13 to receivethe memoried frequency. Also, tomemory any frequencies on presetbuttons, while the needed frequency
is being received, keep pressingpreset buttons more than 2 seconds.Turn the tone knob 3 to control thestrength of high sound.Turn th balance knob 4 to balancethe sounds of left and right speak-ers.Press loud button 18 to enhance thelow and high sound.When the receiving condition is notgood because of high impedance,magnetic interference of etc, pushpower switch 14, then receiving con-dition can be enhanced and “LOC”is displayed in indicator.
Cassette operation
Insert tape into the slot 9, then theradio stops and tape play backestarts automatically.Keep pressing fast rewind/progressor fast forward/progress button 10,11 to rewind or forward the tapefastly.Press fast rewind/progress and fastforward/progress buttons 10, 11
together, then the tape play backdirection changes.Press eject button 6, then the tapeplay back is stopped and the tapeis ejected through the tape slot.Tone, balance and loudness controlsare same as radio operation.
MIC operation
Insert mail type jack of microphoneinto MIC jack 17.Press RADIO/MIC switch 15 toselect the Radio/MIC operation.Turn mic volume knob 16 to controlthe volume of MIC sound.Turn mic tone knob 18 to control thetone of MIC sound.
110
RADIO AND CASSETTE TAPE PLAYER
Without echo type–B (OPTION)
1. Power ON/OFF and balance(Tone/volumn)
2. LCD display3. Eject button4. Tape slot5. Broadcasting remember button6. Fast forward button7. Fast rewind button8. Seek knob9. Band
10. AS/PS button11. MIC Power switch12. MIC/Radio fader13. Monitor fader14. MIC tone knob15. MIC volume knob16. MIC jack
VOL
PUSH SEEK
PL
ON MIC MONI
OFF MIX
POWER MIC/MIX FADER TONEMIC—10 0 MIN MAX
ROOF
VOLON TONE TUNING
PUSH BALANCESP
SA
BND
654
321
FM
EJ
AUTO REVERSE
PROG
1 3 4 2 6
10
7 8
161514131211
9
111
Radio operation
Push the knob(1) control the balancefittingly and control the volumeknob(1).Push the band button(9), select theFM/AM affirmed indicator.Select board casting turning theknob(8) manualy, or automaticallyboardcasting lony push the AS/PSbutton(10) more 2 seconds.
TUNING : Turning the knob(8) toenhance the low and highsound.
PUSH SEEK : Received the board-casting automaticallyby pushing the buttononce or more.
AS/PS : Pushed the button(10) more2 seconds longly, searchthe band automatically andremember the 1st ~ 6thboardcasting but, shortlypush the button, searchedthe boardcasting in memoryonce more push the thisbutton stop the searching.
Each remembered the boardcasting inbutton(5), 18th boardcasting isremembered on AM1, FM1, FM2each button.Controlled the high volume by turningthe knob(1).Turn on the power, controlled volumeand balance and the AMP volume liketo RADIO operation insert tape in tothe slot(4), then tape play starts auto-matically.Press the button(6, 7) to rewind orforward the tape fastly and inverteddirection of playing the tape.Direction of play displayed the indica-tor(2) press the eject button(3), tapeis ejected through tape slot.
Cassette tape player
Turn on power(1) by turning to knobto right(In state of main power is onof AMP lifier)Controlled the volume, balance and
AMP volume replayed the sound byinserting the tape on tape slot(4)press the button(6, 7). Tape is Rewa-rd/Forward fastly press the button(7)tape direction is automatically reverseat time and indicator lamp(2) lightcomes on.Controlled the right/low tone by turingthe knob(1) press the eject button(3)tape is ejected through tape slot.
MIC operation
Insert mail type jack of microphoneinto MIC jack(16).Press RADIO/MIC switch(12) toselect the Radio/MIC operation.Turn mic volume knob(15) to controlthe volume of MIC sound.Turn mic tone knob(14) to controlthe tone of MIC sound.Press the monitor fader button(13) incase of installation of monitor onside driver, controlled driver’s moni-tor or roof speaker.
Don’t eject during tape playing
112
RADIO AND CASSETTE TAPE PLAYER
Stereo etr double deck w/program selector type (OPTION)
1. Power ON/OFF and balance2. Selector(RADIO, TAPE, TV, MIC)3. Tone4. Bass controller5. Treble controller6. Echo interval controller7. MIC volume8. MIC jack9. Tone
Turn on the power switch(1) by turn-ing rightly the knob in the amplifierpart.Select the button(2) and press any ofRADIO, TV, TAPE, MIC, and controlthe tone fittingly, and push theknob(1) control the balance fittinglyand control the volume knob(1).Push the band button(15), select theFM/AM affirmed indicator.Select board casting turning theknob(17) manualy, or automaticallyboardcasting lony push the AS/PSbutton(16) more 2 seconds.
TUNING : Turning the knob(17) toenhance the low and highsound.
PUSH SEEK : Received the board-casting automaticallyby pushing the buttononce or more.
AS/PS : Pushed the button(16) more2 seconds longly, searchthe band automatically andremember the 1st~6thboardcasting but, shortly
push the button, searchedthe boardcasting in memoryonce more push the thisbutton stop the searching.
Each remembered the boardcasting inbutton(11), 18th boardcasting isremembered on AM1, FM1, FM2each button.Controlled the high volume by turningthe knob(9).Turn on the power, controlled volumeand balance and the AMP volume liketo RADIO operation insert tape in tothe slot(12), then tape play startsautomatically.Press the button(14) to rewind of for-ward the tape fastly and inverteddirection of playing the tape.Direction of play displayed the indica-tor(13) press the eject button(10),tape is ejected. through tape slot.
Cassette tape player
Turn on power(1) by turning to knobto right(In state of main power is onof amplifier)Controlled the volume, balance andAMP. volume replayed the sound byinserting the tape on tape slot(12)press the button(14). Tape is Reward/Forward fastly press the button(7)tape direction is automatically reverseat time and indicator lamp(19) lightcomes on.Controlled the right/low tone by turingthe knob(9) press the eject button(10)tape is ejected through tape slot.
114
Amplifier (AMP.)
Power on by turning the knob(1) andselect such of RADIO, TAPE, TV,MIC.Pressing the each button(2) controlledthe tone turning the knob(3).Control the high/low volume by up/down the lever(4,5) and select thespeaker on driver by pressing the but-ton(20) otherwise select of speaker inloop by poping it
Press the button(2), choose one ofRADIO, TAPE, TV, MIC.In using MICPress the echo knob(6) then echocontrolled effectivity and must stickin the MIC jack(8) certainly con-trolled the tone by up/down the MIClever(7).Passenger could be listen to the anyplace boardcasting RADIO, TAPE,TV/VTR by controlling the tone fit-ting. So there are always connectedwith the individual program selectorin the each seat through the thisamplifier(Individual program selectorof passanger estabilish on vehicle)
It’s possible listen to CD playerthrough amplifier on theestabished CD set.
115
PRECAUTION IN DRIVING
Safety Driving and Parking1. For safety driving, turn down vol-
ume, sufficiently.(To hear signalsound of horn.)
2. Over a period of time, direct sunlight can cause the speaker ortape set to become malfunction,ventilate the air in the cab beforeoperation.
Cassette Handling Precaution1. To clean the surface or body cas-
sette with a cotton applicator.Don’t use benzene, thinner, sol-vent.
2. Be careful that the cassettes arenot exposed to magnetic fields ornot abrasive to other metal parts.
3. Keep speakers, tapes and radio notto be wet when cleaning the vehicleand be careful not to be exposed tomoisture to protect electrical shock.
4. Cassettes are negative ground typeand the power source is DC 24V.
5. Be careful not to repair by unskilledperson because cassettes are pre-cise parts.
Care and Maintenance1. We recommend that the tape below
T–90. A class of tape are T–60,T–90, T–120.
2. If a loop of tape has formed, it mustbe taken up by turning one of thespools with a suitable object suchas a ballpen.
3. Keep tapes in their plastic caseswhen not in use.
4. Never leave cassette inserted inoperating position with tape playerinoperative.
5. Don’t apply oil to revolving parts ofthe tape player.
116
6. Store cassettes where they will notbe exposed to high temperature,direct sunlight, magnetic fields,tape abrasion or dirt.
7. Clean the head of tape playercarefully with a cotton applicatorsoaked in alcohol. If the tape play-er is used for more than one hourevery day, the head should becleaned once or twice a month.If it is not used frequently, youonly need to clean the head everytwo or three months.
Tape headApplicator
Wooden pick
117
VTR SET (OPTION)
1. Power ON/OFF2. STOP/EJECT button3. Record button4. Record speed button5. TV/VIDEO selector6. Repeat play7. Monitor–controller8. Fast rewind(Green)9. Play(Green)
10. Fast forward(Green)11. Pause12. Record indicator(Red)13. Cassette indicator(Green)14. Repeat play indicator(Green)15. Normal speed indicator(Green)16. Remote–control receive17. Tape slot18. STOP button19. Slowly player20. Cover–control
1
117
818109
19
1
6
2 4 6 8 9 10 11
15�
14�
13�
12
7
17
3 5
1620
Notice : A letter of guarantee is separately bound, and brief enplanation refer to part manual.
118
VTR operation
Pressing power switch(1) to power onthe system.
Press cover(20) to opened the con-trol panel cover and select TV/VTRoperation by pressing TV/VIDEOswitch.Insert tape in the tape slot(19) withlightly over upside on the tape anarrow(® ) and comes on cassetteindicator lamp(13).Press the play button(9), sceneappeared within one second.If tape wound of end, rewindingautomatically.Press the fast Forward(10)/Rewardwind button(8), tape speed is fastwind or rewind without displayingthe scene in state of stop.Otherwise with display the sceneduring playing.Press the slowly play button(19)during tape playing. Scene dis-played slowly and see to detailscene to move the striped duringslowly playing with controller(+/-)button of scene by pressing to
stripes moved up/down.Press the pause button(11), sceneonce shift by pressing button a timeover 5 minutes for the state ofpause.Playing the tape protection.
Method of recording by TVConnect output of the field terminaland input of an image terminal onmain system.Connect output of the sound termi-nal on TV and input of the soundterminal on main system.Turn on the power switch(1) of TVand select of scene channel.Push the tape into tape slot(17) andpush the record speed button(4)and select record speed (Normal orthree multiple)Pushing record button(3), startrecord.If wanted stop, press the stop but-ton(2).
Don’t power off the TV untilrecording is end.
119
TV/VTR Controller (OPTION)
(For NTSC type)
1. TV power switch2. TV/VTR selector3. Channel controllor4. Volumn controllor5. VTR power switch6. VTR tape eject button7. VTR playing stop button8. Fast rewind button9. VTR playing start button
10. Fast forward button11. Guide broadcasting power switch12. Stop broadcasting button13. Pass by station button14. Rewind broadcasting button15. 1st campaign button16. 2nd campaign button
1 2 3 3 4 4
5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16
120
EARPHONE (OPTION)
1. Volume controllor2. Select the media
(Tape 1, Tape 2, Radio, TV/VTR)3. Earphone jack
3
2
1
121
Earphone controller
Power on of earphone controllor canused to same time the Radio orCASSETTE, TV/VTR's power onAutomatically.Connect the your earphone tojack (3), and put the earphone intoyour ear.Select the wanted Media by pushingthe selector (2) that order Tape1,Tape 2, Radio, TV/VTR from topside to bottom and control the vol-umn suitability by moving the vol-umn controller (1).It is increased highly volumn fromDownward to top ward.
122
DESTINATION KEYBOARD (L.E.D Sign Board) (OPTION)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
0
RESET
Operating1. Set a machine of vehicles.2. Press the [RESET] button.
(In order to being shown as follows-[ooooo])
3. After selecting the route with the oper-ating panel, press the [#] button.(The route is appeared repeatedly with-out special operation on vehicle ser-vice)
4. If you want to change the route, pressthe [#] button after pressing [RESET]button on the operating panel andselecting the route.(The route is appeared repeatedly with-out special operation on vehicle ser-vice)
123
SPEEDOMETER (BM090, BS090, BS106)
0
80
0 0 0 0 0 0
km/h
60
40
20
160
140
120
100
2
1
1. Speedometer needle2. Odometer(distance)
SpeedRecording and indicating ranges of 160km/hare available.DistanceCalibrateable odometer, 7–digit creeping,without ZERO settings.
124
1. Key hole2. Speed warning indicator light3. Speed graduations4. Speedometer needle5. Clock check window6. Odometer7. Screen paper mark
Type A : Mechanical type–W/O RPM (SEPUNG), electric type–W/O RPM (SEPUNG, YAZAKI)
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
2
3
7
6
5
4
125
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
SpeedRecording and indicating ranges of 160km/hare available, depending on model type.
Warning signalLights up when the speed between 40%and 60% of the maximum speed isreached.– 100km/h (General)– 120km/h (GCC members)– 90km/h (SAUDI HAjj)
DistanceCalibrateable odometerwithout zero setting.
TimeTime display with time correct rotation ofthe chart, controlled by a high-quality quartzclock.
IlluminationThe tachograph scale has indirect illumina-tion by means of 1.2W bulbs or 24Vdepending on vehicle voltage.
SpeedRecording and indicating ranges of 160km/hare available, depending on model type.
Warning signalLights up when the speed between 40%and 60% of the maximum speed isreached. – 100km/h (General)– 120km/h (GCC members)– 90km/h (SAUDI HAjj)
Engine speedAdditional feature to certain tachographmodels – measuring range depending onmodel type.160km/h / 3300rpm Distance
Calibrateable odometerwithout zero setting.
TimeTime display with time correct rotation ofthe chart, controlled by a high-quality quartzclock.IlluminationThe tachograph scale has indirect illumina-tion by means of 1.2W bulbs or 24Vdepending on vehicle voltage.
SpeedRecording and indicating ranges of 160km/hare available, depending on model type. Warning signal
Lights up when the speedbetween 40% and 60% of themaximum speed is reached. – 100km/h (General)– 120km/h (GCC members)– 90km/h (SAUDI HAjj)
TimeTime display with time correct rotation ofthe chart, controlled by a high-qualityquartz clock.IlluminationThe tachograph scale has indirect illumi-nation by means of 1.2W bulbs or 24Vdepending on vehicle voltage.
DistanceCalibrateable odometerwithout zero setting.
130
1. Remove the recording chart paperset by depressing and turning theretaining ring counter-clockwise. Ifthe paper is handled roughly at thetime of removal, the cutting knifewill be distorted and become use-less for further operation.
2. Filling out of recording chart paperBefore setting the recording chartpaper in position, fill out necessaryitems on the recording chart paper,exercise carefully not to scratchthe paper.
3. Setting of clockSet the time by turning the timesetting knob as necessary.
4. Setting of recording chart papersetPosition the recording chart paperset under the knife, then align thetime on the paper with the redcolor mark near the knife.Install the retaining right by turningit clockwise while depressing it.
HOW TO HANDLE TACHOGRAPH RECORDS
131
Further information by additional devices
Basic informationStart of drivingEnd of drivingRoad speedDistanceTime scaleENG Speed (OPTION)
Tachograph for 7-day recordingsA chart bundle is placed in to these specialtachographs once a week. and for weekly, this is ofparticular advantage for vehicles which are beingused regularly over extended periods.Automatically each day is recorded on a seperatechart ; these charts can be removed individually ifrequired.
132
FLOOR CONTROLS
Gearshift lever(Except auto transmission)
When shifting the gear, fully depressthe clutch pedal. Before shifting intoreverse, be sure to stop the vehiclecompletely.If reverse warning buzzer is equipped,the buzzer sound when shifted intoreverse position.The gearshift pattern is shown on theknob of shift lever.
Accelerator pedal
To avoid unnecessary increase in fuelconsumption, the accelerator pedalshould be operated smoothly and rea-sonably.Make sure that injection pump leverreaches maximum speed stopperwhen pressing accelerator pedal fully.If the lever won’t reach the stopper,use accelerator pedal cable adjustingnut to adjust the cable length.
Brake pedal
When stopping your vehicle, do notpress the pedal forcibly but try topress it repeatedly. On a downhill,use this pedal together with exhaustbrake as required.
1
R
3
2
5
4
N
1
R
3
2
5
4
N
6
(6.O.D)
(5.O.D/D.D)
133
Clutch pedal(Except auto transmission)
Fully depress the clutch pedal whenchanging gears. Do not rest your footon the pedal when the clutch is notin use. Premature wear of the clutch willresult.
Service life of the clutch could bereduced when keeping it in a par-tially engaged condition.
CAUTION
134
Engine can be started by theengine start control panel installedat the upper side of engine in theengine compartment.First switch “ON” the battery mainswitch in the driver’s compartment,then set the toggle type start switchto “ON” to operate the starterswitch, to stop the engine, push thestop button.
ENGINE STARTING IN ENGINE COMPARTMENT
When the engine starter switch insteering column is located in“OFF” position, by setting the tog-gle switch to “ON”, only the starterswitch operates and the engineturns accordingly but the enginedoesn’t combust because theengine fuel cut lever is pulled.To run the engine, the enginestarter key should be located in“ON” position.
NOTICE
INTERRUPTINTERRUPT
ENGINE STARTER �INTERRUPT S/W
BATTERY�INTERRUPT S/W
CLOSE CLOSE
STARTER�SUB S/W
135
DRIVING
INSPECTION BEFORE DRIVING
Check items inside of engine room
Belt tensionLoose belt can adversely affect thealternator charging system and causeengine overheating or premature wearto the belt.On the other hand, a belt which istoo tight can cause premature dam-age to the bearings of its peripheraldevices.Frequently check and adjust belt ten-sion.
Engine oil levela. Pull out the oil level gauge(oil dip-
stick) to check if the oil tank hasbeen filled up to the specified level.
b. When the oil level is low, add thesame brand oil according to “RECOM-MENDED LUBRICANTS” and wait awhile to check the level again. Alsocheck for purity and viscosity of theoil before replenishing it.
c. Always check the oil level with thevehicle parked on level ground andthe engine stopped.
Power steering oil levela. Check the oil level and replenish
as necessary.b. Check the pipe joints for fluid leak-
age.
We strongly urge you to useDaewoo recommended powersteering fluid for replenishment.
CAUTION
136
Engine coolant levelCheck the level by the mark on thereservoir installed at side of luggagedoor.After opening the cap, replenish thecoolant within 40mm from the end offilling neck.
Never open the cap when the engineis hot to avoid damages from the hotsteam blowing out.Operate the service when the engineis cooled sufficiently and on the levelground. Start engine and keep idlingfor 10~30 minutes after replenish-ment, then recheck the level andreplenish if necessary.
137
Air cleanerCheck the element contamination indi-cator, when the signal of indicator isyellow, the condition of element isnormal, but red signal means that theelement is fouled, then clean orchange the element after inspection.
After service, push the botton at thetop of indicator, then the signalreturns to yellow.
Extract out the dust by pressing bothends of dust trap with hand installedat the bottom of air cleaner body.Never remove dust trap or substitutewith different materials.
138
Clutch oil levelCheck the clutch oil reservoir for oillevel and contamination. If the level ofclutch oil in the reservoir is too low,replenish up to the MAX mark.
Windshield washer fluid levelCheck fluid level in the reservoir andreplenish as necessary.
Check items around driver’s compartment
(For front folding door)
(For front swing door)
139
Battery(MF) (OPTION)a. This MF battery needs no period-
ic maintenance as long as it isused properly.
b. Check the charge state throughthe indicator installed on the faceof the battery.
C. If the external part of the batteryis found foul, clean it with tepidwater.Apply a thin coat of vaseline orgrease to the battery terminals toprevent corrosion.
Battery (PT/PTC) (OPTION)a. This PT/PTC battery for intense
cold needs periodic maintenanceevery 5,000km on driving
b. Must check the electiolyte in notenough properiety and slip of bat-tery terminal
c. If the external part of the batteryis found foul, clean it with tepidwater and apply a grease to thebattery terminal to prevent corro-sion.
Check items exterior and under chassis
Test indicator Charge State Correction
Green Normal Use
Black Low charge level Recharge
Transparent Low electrolyte level Replace
Properietylevel
d. Level of battery electrolyte mustkept up befween ‘upper level’ and‘lower level’When battery electrolyte in belowthe ‘lower’ position, Replenish thedistieled water until state is ‘upper’position(Only a position level on Battery isindicated ‘Lower’ position)
e. If the level not indicated on bat-tery, electrolyte must kept up with-in 10mm of a upper pole plate andwhen it below the properiety level,Replenish the distilled water
f. In water, the state of battery elec-trolyte must kept up replenish per-fectly so to provnt dangerous offreezing
140
Unexpected and possible batterydischarge may occur, if the fol-lowing precautions are not taken.
While the engine is not running.It may give rise to batterydischarge, if leave the vehi-cle switched ‘ON’ of batteryfor long time or operate toomany electric equipments ata same time.For long time parking, frontentrance door must beclosed by it’s key and for thelong time suspension ofoperation, it would be betterdisconnect the battery cable.
While the engine is running.While air conditioner is work-ing, it is advisable to raisethe engine RPM.
WARNING
Properiety level10mm
(0.39in.)
Pole plate
When exchange the battery, givespecial attention to connect cablescorrectly.If cables are misconnected, all theelectric equipments will be dam-aged.
NOTICE
141
Specific gravity of electrolyte Basic electrolyte temperature=20°C (68°F)
Note : 1. When temperature of electrolyte deviates from 20°C(68°F) at hydrometer check, temperature correction shouldbe made by the following formula.S20=St+0.0007 (t-20)ƒ S20 Corrected specific gravity (20°C)
St Hydrometer reading at t°Ct Temperature of electrolyte when checked
2. When lowering of electrolyte level is due to spillage, replenish with dilute sulfuric acid of the same specificgravity.
3. When replacing the battery, exercise extreme care so as not to make uncorrect connections, or damage toalternator silicon diodes will result.
Full-charge 1.26 or more 1.22 or more 1.28 or more
Half-charge 1.25 – 1.14 1.21 – 1.10 1.27 – 1.16
Discharge 1.13 or less 1.09 or less 1.15 or less
ZonesTemperate Tropics Frigid
Condition
142
Tirea. Check inflation pressure of the
tires with a tire air gauge and addcompressed air if necessary.
b. Improper inflation pressure affectsadversely tire service life, reducesmotoring comfort, and, in the worstcase, may cause tires to be over-heated and consequently exploded.
c. Check also the wheel pin nuts onthe wheel for looseness.
Draining of air tankFrom time to time, pull forward thedrain cock installed underneath the airtank to drain off condensates pro-duced in it.
When opening the drain cock, pullit forward as shown.
Tighten to specifiedtorque (60° 65kg m) as excessivetightening torque may cause dam-age to the wheel pin.
CAUTION
143
Chassis spring(Except air suspension)Check chassis springs for damageand tightening condition of 'U' blot.If any damaged or separatd springleaf from normal position is found,stop the vehicle operation and haveservice.
144
STARTING AND STOPPING THE ENGINE
Preparation for starting the engine
1. Apply the parking brake.2. Manual transmission:
Move the gearshift lever to Neutralposition and depress the clutchpedal to the floor while crankingthe engine.Automatic transmission:Press the push button to “P”(Park)or “N”(Neutral), although “P” is preferred.
3. Push on the battery main switch. 4. Turn the starter key to “ON”.
Starting the engine
1. Turn the starter key to STARTposition. Avoid excessive startercranking(in excess of 10 seconds)to prevent any possible damage tostarter motor or batteries. If theengine fails to start, wait about 30seconds before attempting to startengine again.
2. Use the idle control knob to idlethe engine at the normalspeed (rpm) until the normal oper-ating temperature is reached.
3. Do not overrun the engine underthe normal operating temperaturenot obtained. This may shorten theengine life and increase fuel con-sumption.
145
4. Take exceptional care to adjustidle speed when the engine tem-perature is low.
5. If you had attempted to startengine with no fuel in the fueltank, you should bleed the fuelsystem. With no bleeding opera-tion, you cannot start the engineeven after refilling the fueltank.(Refer to “Bleeding of fuelsystem” at page 168.)
Starting the engine in coldweather
1. With the switch in the “ON” posi-tion the indicator lamp will light upshowing the engine is pre–heatedautomatically. After pre–heating iscompleted, the indicator lamp willgo out.
2. After pre–heating is completed,press the clutch pedal and accel-erator pedal to start the engine.
3. Use the idle control knob to idlethe engine at a moderately fastspeed.
3. Normal idle speed : 550~600 rpm.
4. Avoid unnecessary idling of theengine when coolant temperaturereaches above 60°C.
5. After warming up the engine, bringthe idle control knob back to itsoriginal position.
Pilot indicator lamps
Abrupt start during warming–upoperation may shorten the enginelife.
CAUTION
C
H
146
Stopping the engine
Turn the starter key switch off andturn and push the battery main switchoff.
Sudden stopping of the engine aftersevere operations like full load orascending a slope causes overflow ofcoolant. In this case, idle the enginefor 5 or 10 minutes before stoppingit.
Diesel engine is apt to keep runningeven after the battery main switch isoff, while the engine is in running, donot push off the battery main switch,otherwise, alternator circuit may befailed.
147
BEFORE DRIVING OFF
Steering wheel free play
Check the amount of the steeringwheel free play by gently turning thewheel in both directions. The freeplay should be within the range of 30
50mm at the periphery of the wheelwhen checked with the front wheelspositioned straight ahead.
Air parking brake switch
In air parking brake switch appliedvehicle, be sure to release parkingbrake before driving, also check thepark warning lamp goes out beforedriving.
PARKING
Pilot indicator lamps
P
Parking�
Check steering wheel for free playwith the engine running.
CAUTION
(Cab control valve type)
(Gradual control type)
148
Windshield wipersCheck the operation of windshieldwipers and washer fluid ejection, keepthe front windshield glass clean allthe time.
Instrument panel, indicators andgagesCheck the instrument panel, indicatorsand gages operate in normal condi-tions when the related switches areactuated.
Clutch pedal (Except auto TRANS.)heck the clutch pedal free play, if thefree play deviates from 40~50mm,adjustment is necessary.
Brake pedalCheck the brake pedal free play, ifthe free play deviates from about15mm, adjust the screw fitted at thebottom end of pedal.
DoorCheck the operation of door(open,close), be sure that the doors areclosed before driving.
MirrorAdjust side mirrors to have widervisions, also check room mirror beforedriving.
3224
160
0
48
C
H
E
F0
12
3x1000rpm
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0SPEED
SAFETY
ABS ASR
E
149
WHEN DRIVING OFF
Check if the needle of air pressuregauge indicates 5.3kg/cm2 or above.If the gauge indicates below thisrange of air pressure, keep theengine running at fast idle until thegauge needle points to the ratedpressure.
Check again that any abnormalwarning lamps or unnecessary lightsare come on and recheck the “park”indicating lamp gone out surely.
Let the engine idle until it is fullywarmed up and coolant temperatureincreases beyond 60°c (between “C”and the first “ ”) before starting off,and start the vehicle with the shiftlever in 1st position.
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
AOH AIR
FULL
AIR
3224
160
0
48
C
H
E
F0
12
3x1000rpm
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
7
0
20
40
6080
100
120
140
160
Km/h
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
E
ABS ASR
CHECK C
H
150
WHILE TRAVELING
Avoid overrunning the engine duringbreak-in period of new vehicle.
If indicator lamps or instruments givean indication of abnormal conditionwhile driving, stop the vehicle andcheck to locate the cause of trouble.
If the cause of trouble was notlocated, check at your nearestDaewoo dealer.
If unusual sound or smell becomesnoticeable while driving, stop theengine and check to locate thecause of trouble.If the air pressure falls below 5.3kg/cm2, stop the engine and check tolocate the cause of trouble.
0
12
3x1000rpm
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
AOH AIR
FULL
AIR
151
The engine coolant temperaturegauge needle should indicate belowthe red point. If the gauge indicatesabove red point, stop the vehicleand keep the engine running at idle,and check the engine coolant level.
Severe burns to the skin canresult from removing the pressurecap from a hot radiator. Wait untilthe engine temperature goesdown and use rags to remove thecap for check-up and refillingoperations.
Avoid engine racing, unnecessarysudden acceleration, or suddenstops.Do not drive with your foot restingon the clutch pedal as it produces apartially disengaged condition, caus-ing premature wear of clutch facing.
Stop your vehicl completely whenattempting to shift gear lever intoreverse.
C
H
152
When ascending a slope, shift tolower gear to relieve the enginefrom overload.
When descending a slope, shift tolower gear to gain retardation effectof the engine. It is advisable to usethe exhaust brake and engine brakein combination when descending aslope. Frequent use of foot brakeswhile descending a long slope willcause brake drum overheating andconsequential malfunction of thebrake.
Special care should be taken whendescending a slope, particularlywhen shifting down into lower gear,as the engine is liable to overrun.Excess engine rpm may result introuble with each part of the engine,especially possible breakage ofvalve spring and push rod.
brake�pedal
exhaust� brake1 3 5
R 2 4
R 2 4
1 3 5
0
12
3x1000rpm
153
AFTER DRIVING
Engine stop
If there is an indication of engineoverheating, never stop the engineimmediately, keep running at idle fora while, after the temperature dropsto the normal range, stop the engine.Also, push the battery main off beforeparking.
Diesel engine is apt to keep runningeven after the battery switch off, whilethe engine continues running, neverpush the battery switch off, aftercheck that engine stops running, pushthe battery switch off.
Otherwise, the alternator circuit maybe failed.
Parking
Place the gearshift lever in neutralposition and pushed the parkingbrake knob securely.
C
H
154
Service and repair after opera-tion
After operating the vehicle, alwaysclean it thoroughly and check the fol-lowing points :1. Re–check the troubles found dur-
ing the previous operation andtake necessary corrective actions.For such troubles difficult to cor-rect, contact your nearest Daewoodealer.
2. Check for leakage and oil levels.3. Add antifreeze to engine coolant to
prevent freezing of the engine incold weather.
155
DRIVING ON HIGHWAY
The followings should be performedfor safe and dependable vehicle oper-ation.
Before driving
More special care should be taken todrive on highway than urban road.Make sufficient inspection accordingto “DAILY CHECK BEFORE DRI-VING”.
Tire
Heat generation depends on vehiclespeeds and load weights. For thevehicle which travels frequently onhighway, rib pattern tires are prefer-able.Frequently watch speedometer read-ings in instrument panel.
Driving on highway
Driving on highway is more danger-ous than the urban road, you shouldbe more alert and have a stablepreparations.
1. Speed perceptionOn highway, driver’s speed per-ception is liable to become dullbecause its road surface is evenand commands a wider prospectthan urban road.Frequently watch speedometerreadings in instrument panel.
Rib�pattern
Lug�pattern
Rib/Lug� pattern
It is dangerous to drive your vehi-cle with tires whose treads havebeen worn out excessively,because the vehicle may losetraction.Limit of use : The depth of thetread grooves should be morethan 3.2mm.
CAUTION
156
2. Braking distanceBraking efficiency is the mostimportant thing when driving onhighway. When recognizing thehazard ahead and preparing toapply the brake, your reaction timewill take about one second. Thismeans that your vehicle, ifassumed to have run at speed of80km/h, will travel additional 20 to30m the moment you applied thebrake. Therefore, you should main-tain a safe following distance.
3. Distance between vehiclesNormally, the following distancebetween your vehicle and the vehi-cle ahead depends on vehiclespeeds. A safe following distanceof about 80m should be main-tained in 80km/h traffic.
4. PassingTo pass, increase your vehicle’sspeed by at least 10km/h morethan the speed of the vehicleahead. Before preparing to pass,
be sure to check the traffic behindyou and then pull out into the leftlane(in case of RHD, the rightlane) promptly with turn signal“ON”.
5. Turning on a curveGenerally curves of highway aregiven grade on their either side.With a light movement of thesteering wheel the vehicle turnsvery easily. Therefore, be carefulof tire slippage when applying thebrake on a curve, especially inrainy weather or on an icy road.
You must fully understand vehicleperformance in dirving on high-way.
1. AccelerationAs running resistance increas-es greatly while driving onhighway, the vehicle should beaccelerated with allowance forits engine power.
2. GradeabilityMaintain suitable engine rpmtaking into account the relationof grade and maximum speedat each gearshift position.
3. Fuel consumption
NOTE
157
6. OthersTo enhance braking efficiency,use the exhaust and enginebrakes in combination.Reckless steering may causedanger not only to your ownvehicle but also oncoming vehi-cles.In the event that a tire waspunctured during driving, holdthe steering wheel firmly andemploy exhaust brake to slowdown. Abrupt braking can causedamage to tires.
158
Protection of the engine againstfreezing
Overcooled engine not only acceler-ates wear of its vital parts but alsoreduces fuel economy. Before drivingoff, warm up the engine beyond 60°C.
Use of antifreeze
To prevent freezing and corrosion ofthe engine when operating the vehi-cle in extremely cold places, be sureto add a specified amount ofantifreeze to coolant.
Precautions when usingantifreeze
1. Wash off the inside of the coolingsystem including the radiatorbefore using anti–freeze.
2. Replace any damaged rubberhoses. If there is just a hair crackon these hoses, antifreeze is liableto leak.
3. Antifreeze should be handled withextreme care as it can cause dam-age to coated surfaces of periph-eral components.
OPERATION AND CARE IN COLD WEATHER
AREAMixing Freezing
ratio(%) point(°C)
RUSSIA(Frigid) 55(%) –48(°C)
SOUTHEAST ASIA
MIDDLE EAST30(%) –12(°C)
AFRICA
SOUTH AMERICA
TAIWAN 50(%) –38(°C)
OTHERS 30(%)~40(%) –16(°C)~–25(°C)
159
Engine oil
Engine oil tends to harden when theambient temperature falls in coldweather. Use the specified engine oilhaving proper viscosity.
Batteries
Battery condition tends to get worsewith drop in ambient temperature. Inextremely cold weather, maintain thebattery in a full charge state.
Driving on ice or snow
It is advisable that chains or snowtires be used when traveling on anicy or snowcovered road. If you applythe brake hard on a slippy road, yourvehicle is apt to lose its traction,resulting in losing the control of steer-ing wheel.
1. Be sure to use the chain of thesame dimensions as the targettire.
2. Fit the chains on the rear tires andtighten them so that motions of theother parts may not be interrupted.
Carefully fit chains on your tiresso that the chain band may notscratch the other parts or interrupttheir movements.
CAUTION
160
IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
Emergency stopping
In case of vehicle trouble or emer-gency stopping, pull up the vehicleto the roadside as early as possi-ble.
Set the parking brake and turn onthe emergency warning lamp toprevent possible safety hazard.
Emergency starting
Avoid starting the engine while yourvehicle is being toward as it maycollide with the towing vehicle.
161
Battery jumping
In the case that the battery has been“dead”, refer to “BATTERY CARE” inthis manual and make an emergencystart as illustrated.
2
4
3
1
162
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
DAILY CHECK BEFORE DRIVING
In order to maintain safety and dependable operation, following checks should be performed daily before driving :
System Check item Check point
1. Vibrations or shimmy of steering wheel2. Hard steering or sticky3. Damage or looseness of component parts
1. Air mixed in brake circuit2. Free play, stroke and force pedal
Oil levelFunctionFunctionMoisture in tank and fluctuation of air pressure
1. Damage or looseness of bolts and nuts.2. Damage or severe wear of wheels and tires, and tire inflation pressure.
Damage of spring, and tightening state of U–bolts and nuts.
1. Engine starting2. Abnormal sound and vibration3. Leakage of fuel, lubricants and coolants4. Cleanliness and damage of air cleaner element5. Exhaust gas6. Damage of fan belt7. Engine oil level
Clutch pedal free play, stroke and functionFunction and oil leakageVibration of propeller shaft, oil leakage in rear axle
Steering
Brake
Running
Suspension
Engine
Power train
Steering wheel and system
Brake pedal
Brake and clutch oilExhaust brakeParking brakeAir tank and pressure
Wheels and tires
Chassis spring
Engine
ClutchTransmissionPropeller shaft and rear axle
163
Engine oil
Oil level checkCheck oil level and replenish ifrequired. Pull out the oil level gaugerod(dipstick) at the bottom side of theengine and wipe it clean, insert thegauge fully into guide tube andremove it carefully, then check thelevel of oil between the high and lowlevel marks. Also check the oil sam-pled with the gauge rod for deterio-ration.After checking oil level, insert thelevel gauge into guide tube properlyand tighten the oil filler cap firmly.
Type oil
1. D1146/Ti, DE12/T/Ti ENGINE.• Frigid an area :
API CF–4 or SAE 15W30• Except Frigid an area :
API CF–4 or SAE 15W402. DE08TiS, DE12TiS ENGINE.• API CH–4(SAE 15W40) or ACEA
E2/E3Refer to “Lubrication list” at page214.
Changing engine oilChange engine oil at specified inter-vals or when found to be fouled con-siderably. To drain, remove the drainplug from oil pan, when changing oilwarm up the engine sufficiently toremove moisture contained in oil.Thoroughly remove metal chips stuckto drain plug.
MINMAX
Drain plug
PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
Engine oil level should bechecked with the vehicle parkedon a level ground and withthe engine stationary. If theengine has been operated, allow20 minutes for oil to settle downbefore checking the oil level.
NOTE
Engine oil filterEngine oil filter element should bechanged together with engine oil atthe same time.(DE engine is mount-ed with a cartridge type)1. To drain oil, remove the drain plug
installed on the lower part of oil fil-ter body. Remove metal chipsstuck to drain plug, Check gasketand replace as necessary.
2. Loosen the center bolt and removethe filter body together with theelement.
3. Clean the inside of filter body andreplace with new filter element.
Clean the element with dieselfuel and visually check gasketsinstalled on the upper and lowersides of element for damageand hardening, and replace asnecessary.
164
It is strongly advisable to use gen-uine Daewoo oil filter element.
CAUTION
Engine oil filterEngine oil filter element should bechanged together with engine oil atthe same time.(DE engine is mount-ed with a cartridge type)1. To drain oil, remove the drain plug
installed on the lower part of oil fil-ter body. Remove metal chipsstuck to drain plug, Check gasketand replace as necessary.
2. Loosen the center bolt and removethe filter body together with theelement.
3. Clean the inside of filter body andreplace with new filter element.
Clean the element with dieselfuel and visually check gasketsinstalled on the upper and lowersides of element for damageand hardening, and replace asnecessary.
Model
D1146
D1146Ti
DE12DE12TDE12Ti
DE08TiS
DE12TiS
Change intervals
• Initial : 1,000km
• Inter–city or long
distance travel bus
every : 15,000km
• City bus
every : 10,000km
• Initial : 1,000km
• Long distance
: every 30,000km
• Short distance
: every 20,000km
Capacity
ENG.TOT15.5Oil pan13
ENG.TOT20
Oil pan17
ENG.TOT19
Oil pan15.5ENG.TOT22
Oil pan19
165
Engine coolant
Coolant levelCheck the level of coolant by thereservoir installed at upper side ofradiator. Use clean rain water or citywater for the cooling system andavoid the use of hard water such asdrawn out of a well. Never open thepressure cap while the engine is notor hot steam may blow out causingserious injuries.
Change of coolantsDrain the coolant by opening thedrain cock of radiator. After com-pletely draining off, close the draincock and fill with new coolant. Runthe engine for about 10 minutes andthen recheck the coolant level.In the case that antifreeze is addedto coolant, it is advisable to clean theinside of the radiator and enginewater jacket 2 times a year(in springand autumn).
Refer to Lubrication list at page 214.
∗( ) : Preheater included
In order to avoid the accumulateof scale, corrosion for the entirecooling system and damage fromcavitation, coolant mixed with 30%of antifreeze solution should beused all year around. Some regions where antifreezesolution is not easy to purchase,cavitation protection solution“Inhibitor” could be used, never-theless antifreeze solution is thebest way to have maximum ser-vice life.
NOTE
Model Engine Coolant volume(l)BM090BS090 44 (49)BH090BS106 58 (62)
BH115EDE12 58 (62)DE12T 62 (66)DE12Ti/TiS 63 (68)
BV120/LA 64 (68)BH120E 73 (77)
166
Fuel filter (D1146 ENG.)
The fuel filter system is of the twostage type with a felt element as aprimary filter and a paper element asa secondary filter.Fuel is transported from the outsideof the filter to its inside. At this time,impurities contained in the fuel arecaught outside the filter.
ReplacementReplace secondary element at thesame time when the engine oil ischanged. Clean primary filter at every5,000km and replace with new oneafter the lapse of 3 cleaning intervals.Restricted fuel filter will hinder insmooth transportation of fuel, resultingin decrease in engine power.
Cleaning (Primary element)Soak the felt element in diesel fueland remove heavy dust particles byusing a brush with soft bristles. If theelement is found defective, replace itwith a new one.
Disassembly and cleaning1. Unloosen center bolt, and remove
filter body.2. Take out felt element and paper
element.3. Clean filter body and feft element.4. Change paper element.5. When reassembling reverse the
above sequence.
OUT
IN
Centerbolt
Air bleeding screw
Secondaryfilter(paperelement)
Primary filter(felt element)
Filter body
It is strongly advisable to use gen-uine Daewoo fuel filter element.
CAUTION
Sometimes (at 10,000km) drainthe filter pump of water until clearfuel is visible.
NOTE
167
Fuel filter(Except D1146 ENGINE)
The fuel filter system is singlecatridge type with a paper element asa primary filter.Fuel is transported from the outsideof the filter to its inside. At this time,impurities contained in the fuel arecaught outside the filter.
Replace the catridgeAt every 20,000km.Restricted fuel filter will hinder insmooth transportation of fuel, resultingin decrease in engine power.
Method of replacing1. Unloosen drain plug2. Remove old catridge.3. Clean head sealing surface4. Fill the fuel in new catridge.5. Lubricate the rubber packing, sur-
face6. Spin catridge until packing contacts
head.7. Then tighten additional 3/4 to 1
turn.
It is strongly advisable to use gen-uine Daewoo fuel filter catridge.
CAUTION
Sometimes (at 10.000km) drainwater.
NOTE
OUT
IN
Filter�(paper�cafridge)
Filter�body
Center Bolt
Drain plug
168
Bleeding of fuel systemBleeding of fuel system must be per-formed when fuel filter has beenremoved or the engine has beenstopped due to lack of fuel.
1. Turn the cap of fuel feed pumpprimer anti–clockwise.
2. Keep pumping the primer untilmeet strong resistance to pumping.By holding the primer pusheddown, loosen the bleeder screw ofprimary fuel filter, bleed out thefuel with air bubbles, then retight-en the bleeder screw quickly.
3. Repeat (2) until pure fuel withoutair bubbles comes out.
4. Bleed secondary fuel and injectionpump by doing the sequence (2),(3).
5. Bleed the air in injection pump, bythe bleeder screw illustrated in thefollowing figure.
6. After bleeding, push down the capof primer and turn clockwise to belocked tightly.
Adjustment of valve clearanceAfter removing the cylinder head cov-ers, rotate the crank-shaft until theintake and exhaust valves of No. 6cylinder are overlapped (water pumpside).Loosen the lock nut of one rockerarm adjusting screw of the cylinderindicated in the following chart ( ).Insert a thickness gage of specifiedthickness into the clearance betweenthe valve stem end and rocker arm,then adjust the clearance with theadjusting screw.
When the correct adjustment isobtained, fully tighten the lock nut. Assame manner, adjust the clearancesof the other valves( ).Turn the crank-shaft 360°(the intakeand exhaust valves of No. 1 cylinderare over lapped) and adjust the clear-ances of the valves ( ).
Valve clearance adjustment chart
Engine model Change intervals
At end of first
D1146 1,000km,
D1146Ti Second : 2,500km
Every 5,000km
DE08TiS
DE12 At end of first
DE12T 1,000km and
DE12Ti Every 20,000km
DE12TiS
Engine model Change intervals
1 2 3 4 5 6
in ex in ex in ex in ex in ex in ex
D1146D1146TiDE08TiSDE12DE12TDE12TiDE12TiS
Inake 0.30mm
Exhaust 0.3mm
(DE ENG.)
172
Injection nozzle
Check injection pressure and spraycondition of injection nozzle at every10,000km.To check injection nozzle, specificnozzle tester is required.Contact your nearest Daewoo dealeror repair workshop.
Turbo–charger(Except D1146 ENGINE)
Turbo–charger increases the densityof intake air by the exhaust gas withhigh temperature and pressure.It make engine to reach to the stateof complete combustion.Turbo–charger is very precise itemand rotates by high rpm, periodicaland frequent check should be held.
Abnormal symptomsIf any abnormal symptoms as follow-ings are checked, have promt inspec-tion and proper repair.
Lack of engine powerBlack or blue smoke in exhaust gasExcessive engine oil consumptionAnormal noise in turbo–chargerRepetition of high and low noiseOil leak of gasket of oil supply tubeOil leak of oil seals in turbo–chargerHigh and weeping soundLeakage of intake and exhaust lineEngine model Injection pressure
D1146 214kg/cm2
D1146Ti
DE08TiS 220kg/cm2
DE12/T/Ti/TiS
Normal
Abnormal Abnormal
214kg/cm2
220kg/cm2
173
Points of handling care Fuel tank
Every 8,000km drain water andremove sediments by removing thedrain plug on the lower face of thefuel tank. Clean the inside of the tankevery 24,000km.
Drain plug
Item
Oil contamination
Delay & lack of oil supplying
Foreign substances in intake air
Sudden engine stop after fullload operation
Description
Be sure to use genuine oil and filter, keepperiodical oil change.
Prevent abrupt accelerating when idling andstarting.
Check air cleaner and keep to be clean.
Never stop the engine soon after full loadoperation, maintain engine idle about 3 5minutes before engine stop.
174
Belt installationCheck that the fan belt gives proper deflection when the intermediate part of the belt is depressed with finger. Also check the belt for cracks and damage.
CAUTION : When belt replacement becomes necessary belts should be replaced by set.
TENSION : The suitable tension is less than 10mm when pressed with the thumb.
TENSION : The suitable tension is less than 10mm when pressed with the thumb.
CRS
W/PA/C
FAN
7
C/C
ALT
1
3
8
2
1 54
6
D1146/Ti,DE08TiS ENGINE
1. Idle pulley2. Idle pulley
(OPTION : Roof–on cooler)3. Crank shaft pulley4. Air compressor pulley5. Water pump pulley6. Alternator pulley7. Fan pulley8. Cooler compressor pulley
(OPTION : Roof–on cooler)
176
Air cleaner
Regular service of the air cleaner isone of the most important mainte-nance items.Neglecting of this service not onlyaffects fuel comsumption but also theperformance and service life of theengine.
Inspection and service intervalThe filter element should be cleanedat every 4,000km or when the redcolor signal appears on the indicator.Under severe conditions and opera-tions on the dusty or sandy roads, itshould be cleaned more frequentlythan the recommended intervals.
Replacement of elementReplace the element annually or after3 times cleaning, also replace whenany damages are found. Gaskets andsealings should be replaced togetherwith the element.
Service of air cleaner1. Disassembly
Loosen the clamping screws andremove the dust pan, then the ele-ment is exposed. Loosen the wingnut fixing the element and pull outthe element.
2. Cleaning of elementDepending on the condition of con-tamination, clean the element byone of the following procedure.2–1. Element is contaminated(dry).
Blow dust off by compressedair(below 7kg/cm2), direction ofcompressed air should be frominside to outside of element.
2–2. Element is contaminated withcarbon and oil.First prepare element cleanerdissolved tepid water, submergethe element for 20 30minutesand shake well in the water, thenrinse the element with clean run-ning water (below 2.8kg/cm2).
177
After washing, dry the ele-ment in the shade or placeof good ventilation.Drying of element takes 1week, use spare elementwhile drying.Never apply compressed airor heat for quick drying
3. Inspection of elementAfter cleaning, inspect inside ofelement for tear, breakage anddistortion, use lighting lamp forcertain inspection.
4. Cleaning of air cleaner housingDischarge dust by opening thedust trap installed below the hous-ing.Clean inside of housing, cover andgasket fitting flange, if any dam-ages are found replace the ele-ment.Also the element should bereplaced if the wall thickness isreduced to be broken easily.
5. ReassemblyReverse the disassembly sequenceto reassemble, be sure to fit theelement and gaskets, tighten thescrews and nuts securely.Finally push the button of the aircleaner element indicator torestore the signal to yellow fromred.
Do not neglect to extract out theaccumulated dust from the dusttrap installed at the bottom of aircleaner housing.
NOTE
178
Transmission oil
Oil level checkCheck oil level at end of first 1,000kmand thereafter at every 4,000km dri-ving by the filler/level plug.If the oil level is below the level plug,replenish oil through the plug.
Changing oilReplace transmission oil at end offirst 5,000km and every 20,000km dri-ving.Oil replacement should be done whilethe used transmission oil is hot.First drain the transmission oil byremoving the drain plug at the bottemof the transmission housing.After draining of used oil is complet-ed, retighten the drain plug, then fillnew oil through the filler/lever plug.
OIL CAPACITY(Manual transmission)
(Auto transmission)
Specification of oilSpecification : API GL–4 or SAE80W90Refer to “Lubrication list” at page214.
Oil level checkCheck oil level at end of first 1,000kmand thereafter at every 4,000km dri-ving by the filler/level plug.If the oil level is below the level plug,replenish oil through the plug.
Changing oilReplace rear axle oil at end of first5,000km and every 20,000km driving.Oil replacement should be done whilethe rear axle oil is hot.First drain the rear axle oil by remov-ing the drain plug at the bottom ofthe rear axle housing.After draining of used oil is complet-ed, retighten the drain plug, then fillnew oil through the filler/level plug.
OIL CAPACITY11.5 – 12.5
Specification of oilSpecification : API GL–5 or SAE80W90Refer to “Lubrication” at page 214
Filler/level�plug
Drain plug
180
Power steering oil and filter
Oil level checkCheck level by the mark on the oilreservoir at end of first 1,000km andthereafter at every 4,000km driving.Before checking power steering oillevel, align the front wheels straightahead.
Changing oilReplace power steering oil at end offirst 1,000km and every 24,000km dri-ving by the following sequence.1. With the engine stopped, raise
front wheels until the tires havegap to the ground.
Use hydraulic jack or proper equip-ment to raise front wheels, becareful of the vehicle not to fall orslip while servicing.
2. Loosen the two tube fittings cou-pled at the upper side of steeringunit and turn the steering wheelslowly in both directions.
3. After discharging of used fluid,retighten the tube fittings securely.Then fill the reservoir with new oilto the specified level.
4. Retighten the cap of reservoir andwait 2 3 minutes, then lower thefront wheels to the ground.
5. Start engine and keep idling for 23 minutes. Recheck the fluid
level while the engine is idling andreplenish as necessary.
6. After changing oil or if unusualsound is heard when the steeringwheel is turned, perform air bleed-ing, refer following paragraph, “airbleeding of power steering unit”.
OIL CAPACITY
VEHICLE OIL CAPACITY
BM090
BS090 6
BH090
BS106
BH115E 7
BH120E
181
Air bleeding of power steering unit1. With the engine stopped, raise
front wheels until the tires havegap to the ground. Use hydraulicjack or proper equipment to raisefront wheels, be careful of thevehicle not to fall or slip while ser-vicing.
2. Remove the cap from the bleederscrew on the upper side of thesteering unit. Prepare vinyl tube,connect one end of the vinyl tubeto the bleeder screw and the otherend to a transparent container.
3. After starting engine, turn thesteering wheel right-hand directionto lock, then loosen the bleederscrew to discharge the fluid mixedwith air bubbles.Soon after the fluid with air bub-bles are forced out, retighten thebleeder screw.
4. Turn the steering wheel to left-hand direction and bleed air as thesequence(C).
5. Repeat air bleeding until the air isremoved sufficiently.While bleeding, check fluid leveland replenish if necessary.After bleeding, reinstall the cap onthe bleeder screw and lower thewheels on the ground.Check the level again and leakageof fluid.
6. Test the vehicle on the road thatsteering is smooth and abnormalnoise is not heard.
Specification of oilSpecification : AFT(DEXRON II)Refer to “Lubrication list” at page214.
182
Changing oil filter elementOil filter element(paper type) shouldbe changed at the same time whenthe power steering oil is changed,except at the first 1,000km driving.Change the oil filter element at every24,000km thereafter.To change, drain the oil in the reser-voir and turn the cap of reservoircounter-clockwise.Pull out the oil filter element andchange to new one.
Cleaning fluid strainerPrior to changing steering oil or filterelement, oil strainer installed in thefiller of oil tank shall be cleaned.Remove dust or other foreign mattersfrom the oil strainer before reinstallingit.
183
Brake system
Adjustment of brake pedal freeplayAdjust the brake pedal free play byturning the adjust screw installed atthe lower side of pedal. Free play isthe stroke measured at the upper tipof pedal from released position to thecontact point between the brake pedaland valve stem.
Brake valve check
Check the brake pedal move smooth-ly and return to the normal positionwithout any sticking.Also check the brake valve that airdischarging sound is heard when thebrake pedal is released, this checkshould be performed when the pres-sure of air tank is about 7.0kg/cm2.
Adjustment of brake lining clear-anceCheck and adjust the clearancebetween the brake lining and drum atthe first 500km operation and everymonth, or when the brake pilot lampturns on.
0
3
6 9
12
15
kg/cm
A I R2
AOH AIR
FULL
AIR
Free play of brake pedal remainsunchanged under normal condi-tion, however, check the free playand adjust to the specified stroke,because insufficient free playcould make brake dragging.
NOTE
pedal free play
adjust�screw
184
Adjustment procedure
1. With scale, measure the travel lengthof brake chamber push–rod from thereleased position to the fully depressedposition, if the measured valueexceeds the standard(front:33~35mm,rear:35~38mm.), adjust the clearance.
2. Jack up and check the wheels rotatesmoothly without any resistance.
3. Remove the rubber plug fitted in thebrake lining inspection hole.
4. By rotating the wheel with hand, turnthe worm–shaft of the slack–adjusterto the direction in which the brakeshoe expands until the brake drumdrags by contacting with the brakelining, then turn the worm–shaft to
reverse direction until the clearancebecomes to the standard value.The standard clearance is 0.3mm,check the clearance by inserting thethickness gage between the brakelining and drum.
5. After ajustment, check again that thebrake chamber push–rod travel lengthis front:33~35mm, rear:35~38mm.
Full Air brake with auto slack-adjuster(OPTION)
For the vehicle on whick auto slack-adjuster applied, ajustment of brakelining clearance is not necessary innormal, but periodical chekc andinspection should be done for thelonger service life and safety.
If the protruded point of the indi-cator comes into contact with thestopper by turning the worm–shaftfor adjustment, it indicated that thelining has been worn to the limitand should be replaced.
2. Check the condition and amount ofbrake lining wear by the eyes. Ifthe brake lining weared out to thestepped line, also any cracks,severely burnt sports or abnormalconditions are checked, replacedthe brake lining to the new one.
thickness
rivetshoe
extru-� sion
186
Clutch system (Except auto transmission)
Adjustment of clutch pedal free playThe clutch pedal free play decreasesas wear develops in the clutch drivenplate. The clutch pedal free playshould be adjusted in the followingmanner when the amount of playbecomes less than 25 mm using ofthe vehicle without making an adjust-ment result in clutch slip.1. Free play : 25 30 mm2. Height : 180 205 mm
Inspection of free playTo check the amount of clutch pedalfree play, release air whithin the mainair tank solely to interupt boosteroperation. Depress the clutch pedalcarefully until a strong resistance isfelt, then check the free stroke beforethe point of resistance is reached.
Adjustment procedure1. Disconnect the return spring on
the mainpack, then remove thebellows at the minipack side.
2. Loosen the minipack push–rod locknut and slowly turn the push–rodin direction of extension until astrong resistance is felt, then backoff the push–rod 1 2/3 turns.
3. Tighten the lock nut and install thereturn spring and bellows.The clutch pedal free play is adjust-ed from 25 to 30mm when theabove adjustment procedure is fol-lowed.
When turning the push–road,avoid excess force, or adjust with-in the point at which resistanceincreases can not be felt.
NOTE
When the adjustment operation iscompleted, check that clutch pedalis provided with standard freeplay.
NOTE
lock nut push rod
12
1
2
(BS106)
(BM090, BS090, BH115E, BH120E)
187
Clutch Oil
Check to see if the level of oil in thereservoir is normal. When the level istoo low, check the circuit for possibleleakage and replenish with specifiedfluid. The clutch hydraulic circuitshould be drained and refilled whenoil is found to be contaminated. Oilchange intervals : every 60,000km or1 year.
Bleeding of clutch hydraulic cir-cuitsIf air enters the clutch circuit, it causeclutch dragging. Therefore, bleedingoperating should be performed if theclutch fluid reservoir has been emp-tied due to failure or if the hydrauliccircuit has been disassembled.Bleeding operation calls for coopera-tive action of 2 men.
1. Set the parking brake.Bleeding of clutch hydraulic circuitshould be perfomed with the airtank emptied.
2. Check the level of clutch fluid inthe reservoir and replenish as nec-essary.
3. Remove the rubber cap from thebleeder screw on the clutch mini-pack and clean the screw.Connect a vinyl tube to the bleed-er screw and insert the other endof the vinyl tube into a transparentcontainer.
4. Pump the clutch pedal repeatedlyand hold it depressed.
5. Loosen the bleeder screw torelease clutch fluid with air bubblesinto the container and tighten thebleeder screw immediately.
6. Release the clutch pedal carefully.Repeat the above operation untilair bubbles disappear from theclutch fluid being pumped out intothe container. During the bleedingoperation, keep the clutch fluidreservoir filled to the specifiedlevel. Reinstall the rubber cap.
Any oil other than clutch oilshould not be used for replenish-ment.
NOTE
188
PRESSURE REGULATOR (OPT)
ApplicationThe pressure regulator is fitted in airbrake systems to regulate the operat-ing pressure and to clean the airdelivered by the compressor.Some valve types are fitted with anintergral safety valve, in order to pro-tect the compressed air systemsagainst excessive pressures.The unloader valve/relief valve combi-nation is required with air compressorshaving delivery 700 /min of free air,to provide for a relief of the unloaderunit by means of division of the airflow.
Charging position
Legend : 8 Inlet1 Outlet 9 passage Ports :2 Cut–out piston 10 Check valve 1 Energy inlet3 Outlet 11 Safety valve 21 Energy outlet4 Bore 12 Screen (to reservoir)5 Valve plunger 13 Breather valve 23 Energy outlet6 Control piston 14 Compression spring (to relief valve)7 Compression spring 15 Relief valve AE 13.. 3 Exhaust
7
8
910
6
5
4
32
1
1 1
3 3
2123
21 4
X
11
12
13
14 15
189
Method of operation
Charging positionControl piston(6) and cut–out piston(2)are held in their lower or upper endpositions, respectively, by compres-sion springs(7) and (14), so that out-let(1) and inlet(8) are closed whileoutlet(3) is open.One half of the air supplied by thecompressor flows through port 1 andscreen(12)–where coarse impuritiessuch as oil carbon are retained–andon to check valve(10) ; it opens thelatter valve and flows via port 21 intothe pipeline to the supply air reser-voirs ; at the same time, air is fedthrough passage(9) to act upon con-trol piston(6). The other half of the airsupplied also travels to the supply airreservoirs, though by way of the reliefvalve AE13..(15).
Cut–outAs the pressure in the supply airreservoirs rises, the same pressurebuilds up below control piston(6), viapassage(9), causing this piston tomove upwards. The spring–loadedvalve plunger(5) follows this movementuntil outlet(3) is closed. When thepre–determined cut–out pressure hasbeen reached, control piston(6) lifts offvalve plunger(5), and inlet(8) opens ;compressed air passes down throughthe drilling in valve plunger(5) to actupon cut–out piston(2), and it is alsocommunicated, via port 23, to the con-trol device of relief valve(15).Cut–out piston(2) is moved down-wards, thereby opening outlet(1) sothat air continuously supplied by thecompressor exhausts to atmosphere,through exhaust port 3, taking with itany oil carbon particles that may haveaccumulated. As a result of the con-trol pulse fed in from port 23, the airsupplied via relief valve(15) is also dis-charged to atmosphere.
Cut–inWhen, as a result of air being with-drawn, the pressure in the supply airreservoirs and thus the pressure in thechamber below control piston(6) dropsto cut–in pressure, the spring loadedcontrol piston(6) closes inlet(8) whileoutlet(3) opens ; the pressure prevailingabove cut–out piston(2) and, via port23, in the control pipeline to relief valve(15) is reduced through port(4). Com-pression spring(14) causes cut–out pis-ton(2) to move upwards until outlet(1)is closed. The air supplied by the com-pressor is allowed to travel againthrough ports 21 of both the unloadervalve and the relief valve(15) to thesupply air reservoirs.
Safety valveIn the event of the unloader valve notcutting out, due to a malfunction, safetyvalve(11) will limit the supply air reser-voir pressure by allowing the air suppliedto exhaust to atmosphere when theopening pressure has been reached.
190
Installation
Unloader valve and relief valve aremounted in an uprght position, withexhaust port3 pointing downwards.The total volume of air supplied bythe compressor must be allocated totwo 18 1.5 pipelines, one line beingconnected to port 1 of the unloadervalve and the other one to port 1 ofthe relief valve(see installation dia-gram). The pipelines should have alength of approx. 2m each(if neces-sary, to be coiled) and must be laidin such a manner that the tempera-ture at ports 1 of both the unloadervalve and the relief valve does notexceed 150°C.For the control line from port 23 ofthe unloader valve to port 4 of therelief valve use either a pressure/tem-perature–resistant hose with an insidediameter of 6mm, with fitting to suitdimensions as shown in drawing I, ora 6 1 pipe with connection to suitdimensional drawing II. In both casesa maximum length of 1 m should notbe exceeded.
The pressure relief noise generated inthe cut–out phase is reduced bymeans of hoses attached to theexhaust connections 3 of both theunloader valve and the reliefvalve ; this can also serve to drain offany oil that may have been separat-ed.
After a prolonged period of operation,the cut–out pressure may vary fromthe specified value. Turning the springhousing allows the precompression ofspring(7) and thus the cut–out pres-sure to be adjusted.This operation should only be carriedout by trained specialists.
Technical features
Type Dimen– Graphic Max. Min. Safety
no. sional symbol cut–out cut–in valve
drawing (see overleaf) pressure pressure opening
pressure
– – – bar bar bar
DR 3218 I 1 7.35 0.2 6.2 N/A
DR 3226 I 1 10.00 0.2 9.0 N/A
DR 3227 I 1 8.10 0.2 7.1 N/A
DR 3242 II 2 9.50 0.2 8.6 10.5
DR 3243 I 1 8.50 0.2 7.3 N/A
Accessory valve required : Relief valve AE 13.. according to catalogue
sheet AE 1000–K 14 EN
Temperature range : –40°C to 150°C
Weight : 0.9kg
192
Dimensional drawing I
φ15
φ 6
170
φ60
φ16.5
49
32A/
F
6 18
23
3060
bar
10863
70
35
4
A
3
21 �
M2
2X
1.5
M2
2X
1.5
min13
221–2
min13
1
9
24
94
Legend := Not bored
Ports :1 = Energy inlet
21 = Energy outlet(to reservior)
23 = Energy outlet(to relief valve)
3 = Exhaust
193
Dimensional drawing II
φ15
170
φ60
φ16.5
37
32A/F
6 18
3060
bar
M12
X1.
5
M22
X1.
5
23
10863
70
35
4
A
B
3
21 �
M2
2X1.
56
min13
221–2
min13
1
9
94
24
Legend := Not bored= Safety valve
Ports :1 = Energy inlet
21 = Energy outlet(to reservior)
23 = Energy outlet(to relief valve)
3 = Exhaust
194
ANTIFREEZE PUMP (OPTION)
Application
The antifreeze pump is used in brakesystems in order to inject an anti–freeze based on glycol or alcohol dur-ing winter operation. This makes itunnecessary to unscrew the pipe con-nection. If the vehicle is operatedwithout trailer, the pump must beactuated one or several times beforesitting off, the number of strokesbeing dependent on the temperatureand humidity of the air(see instructionplate on reservoir).
In case the vehicle is operated withtrailer with a consequently higher airconsumption, the plunger rod mustaccordingly be depressed more often.
195
Mode of operation
When the pump is inoperative, cylin-der(6) communicates via the feed ho-les(5) with reservoir(2) containing theantifreeze. When plunger rod(1) isdepressed, piston(4) moves down-wards, closeing feed holes(5) andcausing approx. 1cm3 of antifreeze tobe injected into the air stream, viacheck valve(7). As long as plungerrod(1) is in the operating position, thefurther flow of fluid of from reser-voir(2) is interrupted. When plungerrod(1) and piston(4) are released,they are moved back to their originalpositions, due to the action of returnspring(3). Compression spring(8) clos-es check valve(7), and cylinder(6) isagain filled with antifreeze throughfeed holes(5). At any further stroke,prior to setting off and with the com-pressor in operation, appr. 1 cm3 ofantifreeze per stroke is fed into theair stream. Following any pump oper-ation, several brake applications mustbe made.
The antifreeze pump is installed inthe delivery line between the unloadervalve and the air reservoir, eitherclose to the unlaoder valve orupstream of the air reservoir. Thepump must be installed in a verticalposition and sufficient clearance beallowed for operation and refilling.Only manual operation is permissible.The pipe line to the air reservoirshould slightly slope downwards toensure that the antifreeze flowsimmediately and at all events into thebrake system.The antifreeze pump is fastened bymeans of two M8 bolts.
MaintenanceAfter winter operation the antifreezepump must be cleaned and sprayedwith acid–free oil.
Technical features
Type no. AntifreezePaint Weight
coating [ kg ]
LA 1100on an alcohol or glycol
no 1.3basis or pure alcohol.
LA 1101No methyl alcohol–
yes 1.3toxic!
Max. operating pressure : 10 bar(gauge pressuree)
Temperature range : –40°C to 80°C
Reservoir capacity : 250 cm3
Reservoir : transparent
22±0
.5
50±0.2
80–2
25
AB
φ 84
φ 76
φ 8.
5
≈166
50±1
68
A = Rest positionB = Stroke 16mmPorts M22 1.5–15deep
197
AIR DRYER (OPTION)
Function of air dryerSince moisture contined in the atmos-phere is compressed and warmed bythe air compressor, the amount ofmoisture is in proportion to that ofcompressed air.This hot and humid air is cooleddown in reserve tanks or pipings toform condensation. This condensationwashes away lubricants from themoving parts of various devices orequipment, resulting in unsatisfactoryactions of these devices or equip-ment. In addition, impurities containedin the condensation accelerates rust-ing action to shorten the lives of relat-ed devices or equipment. In coldweather, this condensation can befrozen and immobilize various devicesand equipment. Therefore, it is essen-tial to remove moisture from com-pressed air in order to extend theservice lives of devices, to enhancereliablilty, and to prevent possibledamage or breaks.
AIR DRYER
Specifications
Item Description Remarks
Max. air pressure 9.8kg/cm2
Normal air pressure 5 9.8kg/cm2
Dew point 17°C
Remaking time 50 sec
Air compressor displacement 600L/min or less
Heater capacity 24V/50W
Temperature range 30°C 70°C
Thermostat temp. 4 4°C
Operation fluid Air
Delivery 581L/min
198
Operation of air dryer Inspection of air dryer1. At end of every 15,000km or
2months operation.Check for the drain amount andoutflow of oil when draining con-densation and dirts from airtank.(When oil is detected, checkcompressor.)
2. At end of every 45,000km or 6monthes operationDisassemble air dryer and check ifdessicant has been moistened bydirts. If the dessicant is found tobe wet for about more than 1/5 ofall, change it(In wet condition, thecapacity drops).
3. At end of every 90,000km or 1year operation.Disassemble air dryer and changedessicant, oil filter, cloth filter andwhole rubber parts.Check air tubing and wiring con-nections.
In the case that temperature drop in air tank exceeds 16°C, a small amountof water may be drained.
Season
Spring,
Summer,
Autumn
(warm or hot weather)
Winter
(cold weather)
Descriptions
Before driving, always check the air
pressure(8.2kg/cm2) in air tank.
When parking, check the amount of drained water
and foreign substances in water.
As thermostat is installed in air dryer, when the
sensing temperature is above 4 4°C, the electric
current to heater is cut off automatically.
Before or after the operation, always follow the above
instructions 1 and 2 to take care for the air tank.
10. Non–return valve11. Nozzle12. Ring filter13. Desiccant14. Regeneration air tank15. Bypass valve16. Adjusting screw17. Adjusting screw18. Vent bore
Connections1. Energy inlet
21. Energy outlet(to energy accumulator)
22. Energy outlet(to regeneration air tank)
3. Vent
200
Trouble shootingDaily inspection and periodic inspections will prevent the greater portion of air dryer troubles.In the event of troubles or complaints as listed, follow the correction procedures to correct the difficulty.
Complaints
Water comes
out from main
tank.
Drain valve
fails to drain.
Cause
Desiccant has been saturated.
Cut–off pressure of governor is so low that
purge valve won t open.
Failure to change desiccant or oil filter within
scheduled period.
As the purge time is less than the rated
time (50 seconds), desiccant is not recovered
sufficiently)
Freezing of air dryer due to heater trouble
Failure to regularly change desiccant
No operation of purge valve due to the entry
of foreign substances into drain valve.
Correction
Check and drain the main tank until the desiccant is dried
up.
Increase pressure for governor to 6kg/cm2 or higher.
Change desiccant kit at end of every 12 months or
90,000km operation.
1. If cut–off pressure of governor and closing pressure
of relief valve are low, purge time also is shortened,
resulting in failure in recovery of the desiccant.
2. In the case of purge by relief valve, if cut–off pres-
sure of governor and closing pressure of relief valve
are low, purge time also is shortened, resulting in fail-
ure in recovery of the desiccant.
1. Change faulty heater.
2. When the trouble is located in thermostat, change
it.
Change desiccant kit at end of every 12 months or
90,000km operation.
Disassemble and check the valve, and replace the valve,
if necessary.
201
Complaints
Inside of air
dryer has been
frozen
Air leaks from
drain valve
Excessively
low pressure
of main tank
Cause
Misattached dryer body or exposed to cold
weather at 30°C while traveling
Heater has been short–circuited and no heat-
ing
Thermostat has been short, resulting in failure
of heater.
The dryers temperature drops significantly due
to ice or snow stuck to its body
No operation of heater due to disconnection of
the electrical wiring for heater or thermostat
Poor contact of valve seat due to the entry of
foreign substances into valve
When the check valve of main tank fails to per-
form backward flow checking operation with
compressor in unload cycle, air can be leaked
through the main tank drain.
Correction
Correct the position of dryer body or install a wind screen.
1. Use a tester to check the heater for short–circuit.
2. If heater has been short out, change it with a new
one.
Leave thermostat at temperature of 0°C or below and
use a tester to check it. Add heat to thermostat by hand
to check for OFF state and change it if requied.
Remove ice or snow so carefully as not to cause dam-
age to dryer body and electrical wiring connections for
heater.
Check heater and thermostat for connection.
Disassemble and check the valve, and change the valve
kit if required. When damage is found at the wet mov-
ing part of valve body, change the valve.
Disassemble and check the check valve located between
main tank and purge tank, and change it if required.
202
WATER TRAP (OPTION)
Installation of water trap
Water trap is always located betweenpressure regulater and main air tank.When the air dryer is installed, and ifthe pressure regulator is not used, atthat case the water trap should beinstalled before air dryer.
The function of water trapAs shown at the above drawing, thewater trap condensate the moistureand lubricant mixed at the com-pressed air from the air compressor.The vapor molecules are condensat-ed while they pass out the 12–φ5holes in the closed plate of watertrap, and they can be drained throughthe drain cock at the bottom of watertrap.The effect of condensation could beincreased when the antifreeze pumpis used before the water trap. Because, the alcohol molecule drawthe water molecules and make waterdrops easily.
Every driver should pull the draincock to drain off the condensatesin the water trap before and afteryou drive, especially below thetemperature of freezing point.
NOTICE
203
With pressure regulator(BM090, BS090)(BH090/BS106/BH115E/BH120E : OPT)
With anti freeze pump (OPT) With air dryer(BH090, BS106, BH115E, BH120E)(BM090/BS090 : OPTION)
1
3
4
2
1. Pressure Regulator2. Anti freeze pump3. Hose4. Water trap
2�
3
1
1. Air dryer2. Hose3. Regenerating tank
1
2
3
1. Pressure Regulator2. Hose3. Water trap
204
TIRES
Tire pressure inspectionCheck tire pressure with air gaugeand add compressed air if required.Improper inflation will adversely affectthe life of tire, especially underinfla-tion is a major contributor to over-heating of tire, resulting in explosion.
Tire air pressure
Tire rotationTire wear depends on tire position,road conditions, or a habit of apply-ing brakes.To avoid unbalanced wear of yourtires and to prolong their lives, rotatetires periodically(every 5,000km nor-mally).
Following these instructions with-care when rotating tires.1. The wheel nuts on the right side
wheels have right–hand threadsand the wheel nuts on the left sidewheels have left–hand threads.
2. Clean the wheel pins and nuts andapply oil to the threads.
3. Place hydraulic jack shown.
L
L R
R
Nut loosening directions
2
7
53 1
8
64
Wheel nuts�tightening�sequence
After rotating tires, be sure toretighten the wheel nuts to speci-fied torque at end of 50 10kmrunning.(Torque : 60 65kg m)
CAUTION
206
ELECTRICAL
Aiming of headlamps
The headlamps should be tested andproperly aimed if found to be out ofadjustment. The headlamps can beproperly aimed using either the head-lamp aimers or a headlamp tester.The headlamp testers include focustype and screen type. To aim head-lamps, proceed as follows : Park thevehicle on a level floor and check tireinflation pressure and adjust as nec-essary. Remove the headlamp coversand wipe clean the lenses.
BM090/BS090/BS106
Fog lampHead lamp
Position
CorneringParking/ Turn signal
Fog lampHead lamp
Turn signal/position
BH090/BH115E/BH120E
207
Adjustment by the use of an aim-ing instrumentOne aiming instrument consists oftwo units :one is for right side and the otheris for left side.
1) Place the right and left units of theaiming instrument on theheadlamps (type 1–inside, type2–outside) in such a manner that theright and left units of the aiminginstrument lightly contact the aimingbosses on the headlamp lenses.Support the aiming instrument so thatthe objective lens of the aiming
instrument is faced to the center ofthe vehicle, and push the handlestrongly to tightly contact the vacumnrubber cup of the instrument on thelens.
2) Look into the eyepiece of the aim-ing instrument, and adjust the leftand right adjust screws so that thestandard line seen in the instru-ment is correctly overlapped on thewhite line of the other side aimingunit. (This adjustment is the samefor both type 1 and type 2.)
3) Next, set the dial of the level vialto the desired angle (0 deg for type1 and 0.5 deg for type 2), andadjust the updown adjust screws ofthe headlamps so that air bubblein the level vial is in center of thelevel vial.
4) Thus, driving beam of the type 1headlamp is tilted downward 0.5deg, and passing beam of the type2 is tilted downward 2 deg andturned 0.5 deg to the left side.
White line
Type 2
Objective lens
Eyepiece
Levelvial
Handle
Type 2Center of vehicle
Vacuumrubbercup
Dial
208
BULB
BM090/BS090 BS106 BH090/BH115E/BH120E
Head lamp 75/70W(H4)
70W(H3) 55W(H3)
– – 25W
Front – – 10/25W
combination – – 4W
lamp – – –
10/25W –
– – –
– – –
25W
Rear 25/10W
combination 25W –
lamp – – –
– – –
– – –
Destination12W 10W –
lamp (OPT)– – –
12W –
Side turn signal (OPTION) 12W
Back up lamp 21W 25W
DISTINCTION
High
Low
Fog
Cornering
Parking/turning
Position
Parking (OPTION)
Parking/turning
Turning
Fog
Turning
Stop/position
Stop/parking
Stop
Parking (OPTION)
Position
Front
Middle
Rear
209
BM090/BS090 BS106 BH090/BH115E/BH120E
NO. Plate lamp 12W 5W
Engine Room lamp 12W
Speed indicator lamp (OPTION) 12W
Driver lamp 12W
20W
20W – 20W
12W
12W – 12W
20W – 20W
20W – 20W
Front marker lamp 12W
Rear marker lamp 12W
Step lamp (OPTION) 12W
Search lamp (OPTION) 12W
Luggage lamp (OPTION) 12W
Reading lamp (OPTION) 12W
Pilot lamp 1.2W
Side lamp (OPTION) 12W
Warning lamp (OPTION) 70W(H3) – –
DISTINCTION
W/O lamp rack (OPT)
W/lamp rack (OPT)W/O lamp rack (OPT)
W/lamp rack (OPT)
Mood lamp rack-5 COLOR
Mood lamp rack-GALAXY
Room lamp(FL)
Room lamp(GLOW)
Rack lamp(OPT)
210
Relay and fuse layoutThe quantities or locations of fuses could be different from the figure, because the fuses or relay could be addedor omitted, and locations could be changed by the requirement of custmers.
Lubrications should be carefully selected according to the lubrication chart it is important to select viscosity of Lubricantsaccording to the ambient temperature by refering to the following table.
VISCOSITY CHART
Engine oil Gear oil
SAE 20 20W
SAE 30SAE 10W
SAE 10W �-30
SAE 10W -40
SAE 15W 40. 15W 50. 20W 40. 20W 50
SAE 5W 20
SAE 40.50
AmbientTemperature
-30 C(20 F)
-15 C(10 F)
-0 C(32 F)
15 C(60 F)
25 C(80 F)
33 C(90 F)
AmbientTemperature
-30 C(20 F)
-15 C(0 F)
-0 C(32 F)
20 C(70 F)
30 C(90 F)
10 C(50 F)
-25 C(10� F)
SAE 80W
SAE 85W
SAE 90
SAE 80W �90
SAE 140
SAE 80W �140
SAE 85W �140
SAE 75W 80
214
Lubrication list
Initial : 1,000km
Inter city or long distance
travel bus, every : 15,000km
City bus, every : 10,000km
Initial : 1,000km
Long distance : every
30,000km
Short distance : every
20,000km
Every : 1 year
D1146/Ti : 15.5
(OIL PAN : 13 )
DE12/T/Ti : 20
(OIL PAN : 17 )
DE08TiS : 19
(OIL PAN : 15.5 )
DE12TiS : 22
(OIL PAN : 19 )
BM090
BS090
BH090
BS106
BH115E
BH120E
44 (49)
58 (62)
DE12 : 58 (62)
DE12T : 62 (68)
DE12Ti/TiS : 63 (68)
73(77) (7T377)
Lubricant
Engine oil
Engine
coolant
Lubrication List Capacity Oil change period
Engine
Radiator
Specification
CF Grade
(Frigid an area : 15W30
Except Frigid an
area : 15W40)
API CH–4 grade (SAE 15W40)
or ACEA E2/E3 grade
Anti–freeze LLC Grade
Inhibitor DCA65L
(1% of engine coolant in volume)
AREAMixing Freezing
ratio(%) point(°C)RUSSIA(Frigid) 55(%) –48(°C)SOUTHEAST ASIAMIDDLE EAST 30(%) –12(°C)AFRICASOUTH AMERICA
Grease pump operates periodicallyset by control unit, singnal lamp “ON”simultaneously with grease pumpoperation and keep lighting 42 secondand “OFF”. If the pressure in mainline is less than specified value,singnal lamp keeps lighting “ON” evenat the rest time. When Battery mainswitch is turned “OFF”, the signal lamp also “OFF”. After troubleshooting,if normal pressure is available, thesignal lamp operation returns tonormal condition.
Operation
In main switch “ON”, the operationand rest time repeat periodically.When main switch “OFF”, timerecording stops and is memoried tothe unit. Main switch “ON” again, timerecording continues and the systemoperates again.
Manual operation
Grease can be pumped manually bypushing manual switch(DK) equippedbeside of unit. After manual operation,the rest time set returns to “O”.
Grease replenishment
Check the amount grease in thetransparent jar of gear pump unit,frequently and replenish if necessary,use clean and same type grease.
Pump operation time 154 second
Signal lamp lighting time 42 second
Rest time (adjustable) 0.5,
1.2 11hours
Pilot indicator lamps
220
Trouble check
Symptoms and diagnosis
SYMPTOMS
Manual operation switch is pushed
on, but signal lamp doesn’t “ON”.
Signal switch keeps lighting about 3
minutes.
Lack of grease delivery
Excessive grease delivery
CAUSE
Lack of grease in transparent jar.
Leakage of grease in main line.
Trouble of pressure switch, control unit
and signal lamp or incorrect wiring
Foreign parts in main line
Inadequate capacity of metering nipple
Inadequate time set of control unit
Inadequate capacity of metering nipple.
REMEDY
Replenish grease
Inspect fitting and correct leakage part.
Change damaged part and correct
wiring.
Check the pressure in main line and
clean.
In normal condition, the operation
pressure is over 30bar, after operation
the pressure go down below 10bar
quickly.
Change metering nipple
Readjust time set
Change metering nipple
Troubleshooting is not possible, turn “OFF” main switch and disconnect terminal connected to control unit ot stopthe operation. (stop the rest time memoried in control unit.)
CAUTION
221
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE SERVICEMaintenance of periodic inspection service and retention of records are owner’s responsbility. The owner should retainrecods and carry out maintenance service in accordance with maintenance service chart.Those are very important checking items which have to be checked for general vehicles. As this maintenance servicechart is based on the vehicle which travels about 4,000km per month under normal driving condition, it is requested toreduce interval of the periodic inspection for vehicle which travels over 4,000km per month or under severe drivingcondition than normal. It is requested to check another items, if necessary even not mentioned this chart.
MAINTENANCE SERVICE CHART
* For engine oil and filter cartridge change Refer “periodic inspection and maintenance”.
Check easiness of engine starting and abnormal noiseCheck idling speed and accelerationCheck and clean air cleanerChange air cleaner elementAdjust valve clearances Check fuel injection time, and fuel injection nozzle pressureCheck compression pressure in each cylinderCheck for oil contaminationDrain fuel filter and clean fuel strainerWashing fuel filter element (D1146 ENGINE)Change fuel filter element (D1146 ENGINE)Change fuel filter cartridge (Except D1146 ENGINE)Clean fuel tank insideCheck exhaust gas and adjustmentCheck function of air compressor and turbo-chargerCheck exhaust pipes for looseness (every 100,000km)Check fan belt for damage
(Every 60,000 km)
(Primary filter : every 5,000km)(Primary filter : every 15,000km, Secondary filter : every 5,000km)
(1,000km)
(10,000km) (30,000km)
222
INSPECTION POINTS PERIOD : 1000 Km
CLUTCH
Check function of clutch system
Check clutch pedal free play and pedal stroke
Check minipack exhaust cover
Change clutch oil
TRANSMISSION
Check for oil leakage and oil fill up
Change oil
Check for looseness in linkage
PROPELLER SHAFT
Check loose connections (every 5,000km)
Check splines for excessive wear
Check for looseness in bearing and related parts
Grease the universal joints and spline
FRONT AXLE & REAR AXLE
Check front wheel bearing looseness
Check rear wheel bearing looseness
Check for looseness clamp bolt on axle shaft
Check for oil leakage in rear axle shaft and oil fill up
Change front and rear hub bearing grease
Change rear axle oil
0.5 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 44 48 D
(Every 1 year or 60,000km)
(When take off and attachment)
(Initial 5,000km, every 20,000km)
40
(1,000km)
(1,000km)
(5,000km)
223
48 D44403632282420161280.5INSPECTION POINTS PERIOD : 1000 Km
SUSPENSION
Retighten “U” bolt & nut
Check spring for damage
Check mount for looseness and damage
Check shock absorber for leakage and damage
Check shock absorber mount
Grease spring pin and shackle pin
WHEELS
Check for presence of foreign matters(nails, stones, etc.)
Retighten wheel nuts as necessary
Check wheel discs for damage
STEERING
Check for looseness in mount
Check steering wheel free play
Check steering linkage for damage, loosenessand excessive play
Check for oil leakage in gear box
Check clearance between king pin & bearing
Check wheel alignment
Change power steering oil
4
(1,000km)
224
48 D44403632282420161280.5INSPECTION POINTS PERIOD : 1000 Km
SERVICE BARKE
Check function of brake system and air dryer
Check brake pedal free play
Check for air leakage
Check linings for wear
Check brake drums for wear and damage
Check hoses and pipes for leakage, damage
Change brake oil
PARKING BRAKE
Check function of parking brake
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Check charge state of battery
Check function of starter
Check function of generator & regulator
Check generator brushes for wear
Check starter brushes for wear
Check terminals of wiring for damage
4
Refer to above–mention chart field “D” means daily inspection point ( Daily check Check for needs)Inspection markChange mark
(Every 1 year or 60,000km)
225
TROUBLE SHOOTING
ENGINE
Starter motor does not turn over or turning is slow.
Start motor turns over but engine won’t start
Engine stops at low speed
CAUSE
Malfunction of contact point of battery relay.Run down batteryLoosened, corroded or disconnected battery terminal
Ground cable cutToo thick oil viscosity
REPAIR
Turn “ON” battery main switchBattery charging or changeRemove the corroded part of battery teminal withchiesel, retighten connector and apply grease.Be sure to connect the wiringChange oil with proper viscosity
CAUSE
Empty fuel tankNone sufficient preheatingAir mixed in fuelClogged fuel filter
REPAIR
Refill or replenishPreheat exactly and sufficientlyBleed air in fuelClean filter element or change
CAUSE
Too low idle rpmAir cleaner element contaminationOver cooled engineClogged fuel filterValve clearance deviated
REPAIR
Adjust idle rpm with knob.Clean element or changeCover radiator with curtainClean filter element or changeAdjust valve clearance
226
Engine lacks power
Engine overheat
Black smoke
CAUSE
Parking brake not releasedAir cleaner element contaminationBrake detentionIncorrect valve clearanceClutch slipClogged fuel filterClogged fuel strainerWear out of position ring
REPAIR
Fully release parking brakeClean element or changeAdjust the clearance of brake liningAdjust valve clearanceAdjust the clearances or change clutch disc.Clean or changeClean or changeCheck cylinder pressure and repair
CAUSE
Radiator curtain covered or Radiator contaiminationLack of coolant
Fan belt loosenedRust or scale in coolantMalfunction of thermostat
REPAIR
Uncover radiator curtain or clean radiatorReplenish coolant, check leakage and radiator captightly closed.Don’t open radiator cab when coolant is hot.Adjust fan belt tension or change fan belt if damaged.Change coolant or clean in side of the radiatorChange thermostat
CAUSE
Air cleaner contaminationIncorrect valve clearance
REPAIR
Clean air cleaner element or changeAdjust valve clearance
227
Excessive fuel consumption
Lack of engine oil pressure
Excessive engine oil consumption
CAUSE
Fuel leakageAir cleaner contaminationEngine overcoolingLack of tire inflationBrake detentClutch slip
REPAIR
Check fuel line and repairClean air cleaner element or changeCover radiator with curtainInflate tire to specified value.Adjust the clearance of brake liningAdjust the clearance or change clutch disc.
CAUSE
Lack of engine oilOil leakageImproper oil viscosity
REPAIR
Replenish to specified levelCheck lubrication line and retighten loosened fittingChange oil with proper viscosity
CAUSE
Improper oil specificationExcessive oil amountOil leakageDelayed oil changing periodNeglected engine warmingPiston ring wear out
REPAIR
Change oil with proper specificationChange oil level to specified value.Check lubrication line and retighten loosened fittingChange oil periodicallyWarm up engine to specified temperatureCheck cylinder pressure and repair
228
POWER TRAIN
Abnormal noise in transmission or rear axle in operation
Abnormal vibration in operation
STEERING
Hard steering
Non return to straight position
CAUSE
Lack of gear oilImproper oil viscosity
REPAIR
Replenish to specified levelChange oil with proper specification
CAUSE
Loosened bolts and nuts of propeller shaft andperipheral parts.Unbalanced propeller shaft
REPAIR
Check and retighten
Modify propeller shaft or change
CAUSE
Lack of front tire inflationLack of oil of power steering
REPAIR
Charge air to specified pressureReplenish or discharge
CAUSE
Lack of grease in parts of steering systemInterference between drag link joint and peripheralparts
REPAIR
Insert greaseCheck and correct
229
Steering wheel shimmy
BRAKE
Poor brake action
Side braking
CAUSE
Loosend hub nutDifferent tire inflation of “RH” and “LH”Irregular tire wearExcessive handle clearanceWorn out drag link coil springWorn out knuckle shim
REPAIR
Replenish to specified levelCharge air to be sameChangeAdjust steering wheel clearanceChange to new oneChange shim or adjust
CAUSE
Excessive tire inflationLeakage of brake lineExcessive lining clearanceExcessive tire wear
REPAIR
Charge to specified pressureCheck the connection and correctAdjust the clearance and change liningChange to new tire
CAUSE
Different tire inflation of “RH” and “LH”Side wear of tireDifferent lining clearances of “RH” and “LH” wheel
REPAIR
Charge to be same pressureChangeAdjust clearances correctly
230
Detent braking
SUSPENSION
Different vehicle height
Meandered advancing
CAUSE
Damaged or mislocated springTire inflation or puncture
Aged batteryV-belt slip or cutKeeping lamp lights “ON”Improper alternator charging
REPAIR
Remove corroded part of battery terminal with chiesel,retighten connector and apply grease.ChangeCheck belt tension, adjust or changeBe sure to turn “OFF” switchCheck alternator charging condition and repair.
CAUSE
Lamp faultyFuse cut
Non–complete ground
REPAIR
Change lampChange to specified fuse (Even after changing to newfuse, fuse cut again, precise inspection is necessaryand be sure not to use deviated fuse.Be sure to ground completely
232
SMOKE
Cause and repair of smoke
CAUSE
Low idle RPM
Maximum speed increase
Plunger worn out
Delivery valve worn out, damaged
Deviated flow rate
Blocked nozzle tip
Enlarged nozzle tip injection hole
Injection pressure down
Piston ring worn out, cut
Cylinder liner worn out, damage
Piston worn out, damaged
Poor contact of valve and valve seat
Head gasket damaged, poor sealing
Poor nozzle assembly
Incorrect injection timing
Incorrect timer angle adjustment
DESCRIPTION
Excessive fuel
injection
Poor nozzle injection
Compression pressure
down
Incorrect timing of
injection pump
REPAIR
Adjust idle RPM
Adjust maximum speed
Change plunger
Change delivery valve
Adjust flow rate
Change nozzle tip and holder
Change nozzle tip
Adjust injection pressure
Change piston ring
Change cylinder liner
Change piston
Change valve
Change head gasket
Reassemble nozzle or change
Adjust injection timing
Adjust timer angle
233
CAUSE
Air cleaner element contamination
Lack of capacity of air cleaner
Incorrect intake valve clearance
Intake ducts blcoked or deformed
Leakage of turbo charged air
Malfunction of turbo charger
Exhaust gas manifold blocked
Incorrect exhaust valve clearance
Overloaded
Excessive engine oil
Piston stuck by overheat
Metal bearing burnt
Fuel quality poor
Water mixed fuel
Fuel filter contamination
DESCRIPTION
Lack of intake air
Excessive exhaust
Pressure
Overload operation
Poor quality of fuel
REPAIR
Clean air cleaner or change
Change to genuine part
Adjust valve clearance
Change intake ducts
Check and repair leaking parts
Change turbo charger
Change exhaust manifold
Check or change
Unload to specified value
Extract oil to specified level
Change piston, piston ring and related
parts.
Change metal bearing
Use specified fuel
Clean fuel tank and remove water
Clean fuel filter or change
Distinction
water cooled 4 cycle in–line, overhead valve type
dry type
compression ring : 2ea, oil ring : 1ea
1–5–3–6–2–4
D1146
6
111×139
8071
18.0 : 1
1253
811.5
934.5
730
600±50
BTDC 15
BTDC 16
ABDC 36
BBDC 46
ATDC 14
D1146Ti
←
←
←
16.7 : 1
←
812.5
1009
745
←
BTDC 9
←
←
←
←
DE12
←
123×155
11051
17.1 : 1
1317
744
1015
872
←
BTDC 10
BTDC 18
ABDC 34
←
←
DE12T
←
←
←
←
←
847
1064
900
←
BTDC 9
←
←
←
←
DE12Ti(280PS)
←
←
←
16.1 : 1
←
←
←
910
←
BTDC 12
←
←
←
←
DE12Ti(310PS)
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
DE12Ti(340PS)
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
234
MAIN DATA AND SPECIFICATION
1. ENGINE1-1. D1146/Ti, DE12/T/Ti ENGINE
Type
Cylinder liner type
No. of piston ring
No. of cylinder
Bore stroke(mm)
Piston displacement(cc)
Compression ratio
Engine
dimensions(mm)
Engine weight(dry) (kg)
Idle speed
Fuel injection timing
Fuel injection order
Intake vlaves
Exhaust valves
length
width
height
open at
close at
open at
close at
235
D1146
11
130(182)/2500
563(57)/1600
24×4.5
rear
24×150
D1146Ti
←
150(205)/2200
735(75)/1400
←
←
←
DE12
19
169(230)/2200
799(81)/1300
24×5.4
←
←
DE12T
←
220(300)/2200
1078(110)/1300
←
←
←
DE12Ti(280PS)
←
205(280)/2100
1127(115)/1260
←
←
←
DE12Ti(310PS)
←
227(310)/2100
1225(125)/1260
←
←
←
DE12Ti(340PS)
←
250(340)/2100
1323(135)/1260
←
←
←
Distinction
gear type
water cooled, integral type
ENG.TOT : 15.5 , OIL PAN : 13 ENG.TOT : 20 , OIL PAN : 17
fresh water forced circulation
centrifugal type
wax-pellet type
Oil pump type
Oil cooler type
Oil capacity(liters)
Cooling method
Cooling water capacity(liters)
Water pump type
Thermostat type
Max. output(kW(ps)/rpm)
Max. torque(N·m(kg.m)/rpm)
Starter motor output(V × kW)
Engine location
Battery capacity(V × AH)
Distinction
water cooled 4 cycle in–line, overhead valve type
dry type
compression ring : 2ea, oil ring : 1ea
1–5–3–6–2–4
DE08TiS(225ps)
6
111×139
8071
18.5 : 1
1169
812
1003
745
600~650
BTDC 3
BTDC 16
ABDC 36
BBDC 46
ATDC 14
DE08TiS(240ps)
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
DE12TiS(290ps)
←
123×155
11051
17.0 : 1
1317
847
1064
910
←
BTDC 1
BTDC 18
ABDC 32
BBDC 70
ATDC 30
DE12TiS(310ps)
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
DE12TiS(340ps)
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
236
Type
Cylinder liner type
No. of piston ring
No. of cylinder
Bore stroke(mm)
Piston displacement(cc)
Compression ratio
Engine
dimensions(mm)
Engine weight(dry) (kg)
Idle speed (rpm)
Fuel injection timing
Fuel injection order
Intake vlaves
Exhaust valves
length
width
height
open at
close at
open at
close at
1-2. DE08TiS, DE12TiS ENGINE
DE08TiS(225ps)
11
225/2300
82/1000
24×4.5
Rear
24×150
DE08TiS(240ps)
←
240/2300
90/1000
←
←
←
DE12TiS(290ps)
19
290/2100
112/1260
24×6.0
←
←
DE12TiS(310ps)
←
310/2100
125/1260
←
←
←
DE12TiS(340ps)
←
340/2100
145/1260
←
←
←
Distinction
gear type
water cooled, integral type
ENG.TOT : 19l, OIL PAN : 15.5l ENG.TOT : 22l, OIL PAN : 19l
fresh water forced circulation
centrifugal type
wax-pellet type
237
Oil pump type
Oil cooler type
Oil capacity(liters)
Cooling method
Cooling water capacity(liters)
Water pump type
Thermostat type
Max. output(ps/rpm)
Max. torque(kg.m/rpm)
Starter motor output(V × kW)
Engine location
Battery capacity(V × AH)
238
2. CLUTCH
Distinction
dry single plate with coil spring dampers controlled byhydraulic with pressure assisted.
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