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Improvements of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES)-R series for Climate Applications GOES-R data and products will support applications for Climate Monitoring UW “Natural color” Hurricane Isabel on September 18, 2003 from MODIS bands on the ABI Timothy J. Schmit NOAA/NESDIS, Office of Research and Applications, Advanced Satellite Products Team (ASPT) W. P. Menzel NOAA/NESDIS, Office of Research and Applications James J. Gurka NOAA/NESDIS, Office of Systems Development Elaine M. Prins NOAA/NESDIS, Office of Research and Applications, Advanced Satellite Products Team (ASPT) Mathew M. Gunshor Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) University of Wisconsin-Madison Jun Li Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) University of Wisconsin-Madison NOAA’s Climate goal: Understand climate variability and change to enhance society’s ability to plan and respond Climate Observations and Analysis Climate and Ecosystems Climate Forcing Climate Predictions and Projections Climate Information for Decisions In order to meet user requirements, several instruments have been designated for the GOES-R notional baseline. GOES-R is slated to launch in 2012. Payload key: ABI Advanced Baseline Imager HES Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (Infrared (IR) and Coastal Waters (CW)) GLM Geo Lightning Mapper SIS Solar Imaging Suite SEISS Space Environment In-Situ Suite MAG Magnetometer AUX Auxiliary Services LRIT--Low Rate Information transmission EMWIN--Emergency Managers Wx Information Network DCS--Data Collection System SAR-- Search and Rescue Low cloud Snow Three-color composite (0.64, 1.6 and 11 µm) shows the low cloud over the snow and the water versus ice clouds. GOES-R will allow: • Satellite-to-satellite cross-calibration of the full operational satellite system • Hourly high spectral resolution infrared radiances facilitate radiance calibration, calibration-monitoring • Provide measurements that resolve climate-relevant (diurnal, seasonal, and long-term inter- annual) changes in atmosphere, ocean, land and cryosphere. • Solar irradiance inputs measured by SIS • Diurnal signature for fires in the Western hemisphere • Diurnal signature of clouds (and some cloud-top properties) in the Western hemisphere • Diurnal signature for Land/Sea temperatures in clear skies • Diurnal signature of lightning (both cloud-to-ground and intra- cloud discharges) over both land and ocean in the western hemisphere • Improved measurements of Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), O 3 and SO 2 • Continuing the geostationary radiance database Hydrology/ Land Surface Natural Hazards ht tp :/ / ww w .s s e c .w i s c . e du / da t a/ co m po s i te s .ht ml Simulated ABI Mountain Waves in WV channel (6.7 µm) 7 April 2000, 1815 UTC Actual GOES-8 D iu rn a l C h a n g e o f E ffe c t iv e C lo u d Am ount o v e r C e n tra l P la in s fo r H ig h C lo u d s O nly W in te r 1 9 9 8 /9 9 (# o b s . 7 ,3 0 5 ) S p rin g 1 9 9 9 (# o b s . 8 ,420) S u m m e r 1 9 9 9 (# o b s . 1 8 ,5 2 6 ) F a ll 1 9 9 9 (# o b s . 4 ,658) T im e (L S T ) T im e (L S T ) Frequency ofO ccurrence T h in (0 < E C A < 5 0 ) T h ick (5 0 < E C A 95) O p a q u e (9 5 < E C A 100) •“C e n tra l P la in s ” in clu d e s 3 1 N to 4 5 N a n d 9 2 W to 107W . •“H ig h C lo u d s ” is d e fin e d a s la y e r fro m 3 0 0 to 1 0 0 hPa 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1:3 0 4:30 7 :30 1 0:3 0 13:30 1 6:3 0 19:30 2 2:3 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1:30 4:30 7 :30 10:30 13:30 16:30 19:30 22 :3 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1:30 4:30 7:30 10:30 13:30 16:30 19:30 22:30 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1 :30 4:30 7:3 0 10:30 1 3:3 0 16:30 19:30 22:30 A. Heidinger, NOAA/NESDIS/ORA OLR Much improved spatial coverage with the HES Sounder Current GOES Sounder coverage in one hour CIMSS GOES-R HES Sounder coverage in one hour Cloud Top Pressure http://www1.msfc.nasa.gov/NEWSROOM/ Annual lightning strikes “GOES-N/P” “GOES-R” Simulated ABI Band Differences convolved from AIRS data (SO 2 plume from Montserrat Island, West Indies) WV: ABI Bands will allow for several Land Products Corresponding Simulated GOES Imager Spectral Bands: Simulated “ABI” Spectral Bands: 29th Annual NOAA Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop GOES-R will improve over the existing GOES Imager and Sounder with more spectral bands, better calibration, faster imaging (with more geographical areas scanned), and higher spatial resolution. In the case of the Imager this means increasing from 5 to 16 spectral bands, on-orbit visible and near-IR calibration, full disk images every 15 minutes, and nominally improving resolution from 4 to 2 km for the infrared bands and 1 to 0.5 km for the 0.64 m visible band. For example, ABI will provide cloud-top phase/particle size information, and an improved aerosol and smoke detection for air quality monitoring and forecasts. For the Sounder the increase in spectral coverage is phenomenal, going from 19 broad spectral bands to hyperspectral coverage with hundreds of narrow bands. The spatial coverage will also improve (by a factor of 5) over today’s sounder. These improvements will lead to more accurate soundings that will occur more often than current soundings over a larger portion of the hemisphere. The HES Sounder will operate in two modes representing an overall increase in spatial resolution compared to the current Sounder. In addition, the high-spectral resolution measurements can also be used for satellite comparisons or calculating OLR (Outing Longwave Radiation). For some products the ABI and HES Sounder will act in concert, improving products. Overall GOES-R will offer a much more consistent and comprehensive view of our environment. GOES-R Simulated 3.9 micron Data Padua/Grand Prix Fires Date: 27-Oct-03 Time: 09:50 UTC GOES-12 Simulated 3.9 micron Data Padua/Grand Prix Fires Date: 27-Oct-03 Time: 09:50 UTC Brightness Temperature (K) GOES-R and GOES-I/M Simulations of Southern California Fires
