West AfricaAlgeria: Michiel de Zeeuw

Benin: Arline Roelofs

Cote d’Ivoire: Sebastiaan van Jole

Eritrea: Lotje Mulder

Ethiopia: Annelot Peijster

Gambia: Sofia Nikolova

Ghana: Samuel Vergunst

Liberia: Lasse Schopmeyer

Nigeria: Trishla Sinha

Senegal: Christine de Nie

Sierra Leone: Mohammed Al Sahhaf

Powerpoint: Sebastiaan van Jole

Presenters: Lotje Mulder & Lasse Schopmeyer

IBMG Year 1 - Block 1.2.2 - Acces to Essential Medicines

±24%±3%±1%

Global Disease Burden Global Health workforce Global Health budget

West Africa

Affordability of essential medicines is low…

Freight

Insurance

Selling price

Inspection charges

Causes Of Low Affordability

Combine this with inadequate storage and corruption and we have a recipe for disastrous health consequences

R&D:± $1 billion

Taxes

Markups:up to 665%

Dispensing fees

Drug registration

fee

Port charges

$$$$

So… How to improve A&A&A?

Packaging Focus

Incentives

Accessibility Affordability Availability

Influencing A&A&A

Size and information matter!

Infra-structure

Focus on pregnant women

and children

Focus on providing essential medicines

to all citizens

Further improvements

Taking Steps…

… towards the progressive realization of the right to health

2. Johnson&Johnson

R&Dinvestments

3. Sanofi

Donations

Tiered pricing

schemes

1. GlaxoSmithKline

"Pharmaceutical companies want to do more

for neglected diseases, but they at least

need to get credit for it.

The Access to Medicine Index does exactly that."

Stimulating Pharm Companies

4. Merck & Co. Inc

2Combating Counterfeits $ 200 billion/year of harmful

drugs

•Scratch code on your medication

•SMS the code to Sproxil

•Receive confirmation

•(Or report the counterfeit meds)

> 800 million cellular

subscribers in Africa

Differences Between Countries

with regards to: Clinical Guidelines and EML's

Possible Causes

• Local availability

• Local Microbial resistance

• Quality of the guideline could be correlated to the developmental status of the country

Click here for a summary of our guidelines and EML's

• Encourage local production of pharmaceuticals

• Discourage polypharmacy and irrational self-medication

• Implement problem-based-learning

• Enforce regulatory guidelines

• Develop efficient monitoring programs

• Keep the supply chain short

• Foster cooperation between:

Points Of Improvement

- Government

- Non-profit organizations

- Pharmaceutical companies

Recent improvement: Patch vaccine

Succes Without Meds

Eradication of the guinea-worm

Through provision of material and education

ThankYou!- Access to Medicine Foundation (2014) Acces to medicine index, Available at: http://www.accesstomedicineindex.org (Accessed: 23rd January 2014) - K. Hanson, B. Palafox, S. Anderson, J. Guzman, M. Moran, R. Shretta, T. Wuliji (2012) 'Pharmaceuticals', in M.H. Merson, R.E. Black, A.J. Millls (ed.) Global Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies. USA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, pp. 707-747 - World Health Organization (2014) Guinea-worm disease - Delivering the benefits of eradication, Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lhj2l_l4ZjQ (Accessed: 23rd January 2014)

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