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IMS2805 3.1.1
Lecture 3.1
Introduction to Interface Design
IMS2805 - Systems Design and Implementation
IMS2805 3.1.2
At the end of this lecture you should have some understanding of what are forms and reports
what are the design guidelines for forms and reports
how to effectively display text, tables, lists and charts
how to assess the usability of an interface
Designing Forms and Reports
IMS2805 3.1.3
Form and report design are key ingredients for successful information systems - especially forusers
Each input data flow to a process will be associated with a form
Each output data flow from a process will be associated with either a form or a report
Forms and reports cab be paper-based or screen-based
Forms and Reports
IMS2805 3.1.4
FORM is a business document containing some predefined data and also some areas for other data to be filled in typically based on one database record turnaround document is produced by a system
and then returned with input data REPORT is a business document that
contains only predefined data - a passive document for reading typically contains data from many different
database records
Forms and Reports
IMS2805 3.1.5
1. Collect initial requirements who will use the form or report what is its purpose when is it needed or used where does it need to be delivered how many people need to use it
2. Construct initial prototype 3. Users review and evaluate
prototype Iterate
Designing Forms and Reports
IMS2805 3.1.6
Narrative overview Form name, users, task, system,
environment
Sample design Testing and usability assessment
user ratings on perceptions of usability dimensions - consistency, sufficiency, accuracy, etc
Design Specifications
IMS2805 3.1.7
General guidelines: Meaningful titles
clear and specific, revision-no, date
Meaningful information needed and useable information
Balanced layout spacing, margins, balanced and clearly labelled
Easy navigation easy forward/backward moves, current position clear
Formatting Forms and Reports
IMS2805 3.1.8
TEACHING RESOURCE INFORMATION
BORROWER NUMBER 7712255BORROWER NAME DR. JIM SMITHLOAN NUMBER 12753DUE DATE 30-5-98ITEM CODE KS H1ITEM AVAILABILITY YESREQUIRED ITEM YESITEM CODE -ITEM AVAILABILITY -REQUIRED ITEM -ITEM CODE -ITEM AVAILABILITY -REQUIRED ITEM -CONFIRMED? NO
VagueTitle
Difficult to read,
InformationPacked tightly
No navigationinformation
No use of different intensity, fonts etc.
Poor Form Design
IMS2805 3.1.9
ClearTitle
Easy to read,Clear
balanced layout
Intensity differences,boxing, font
sizes
Clear navigationinformation
Good Form Design
IMS2805 3.1.10
Blinking and audible tones Colour, intensity, size and font differences Reverse video Boxing Underlining Capital letters Offsetting
Highlighting Information
IMS2805 3.1.11
Benefits of colour strikes the eye, draws attention to warnings accents an uninteresting display facilitates discrimination
Problems with colour colour blindness resolution may degrade printing or conversion to other media may
not easily translate
Colour vs No Colour
IMS2805 3.1.12
Case display text in mixed upper and lower case
Spacing double spacing if possible, leave line between
paragraphs Justification
left justify with ragged right margin Hyphenation
do not hyphenate words between lines Abbreviations
use only when widely understood
Displaying Text
IMS2805 3.1.13
HELP SCREEN H2356ADD A FORM WITHIN A REPORTIN THE DATABASE WINDOW, CLICK THE FORM THAT IS BOUNDTO THE TABLE ON THE MANY SIDE OF THE ONT TO MANY RELATIONSHIP AND HOLD DOWN THE MOUSE BUTTON.DRAG THE FORM INSIDE THE MAIN FORM, AND THEN RELEASE THE MOUSE BUTTON.MICROSOFT ACCESS INSERTS THE SECOND FORM AS ASUBFORM WITHIN THE MAIN FORM.IF YOU NEED TO YOU CAN PRESS F1 T ORETURN TO THE MAINMENU, F2 TO GO TO THE PREVIOIS CARD AND F3 TO GO TO THENEXT CARD.
Vaguetitle
Fixed, upper
case textSingle
spacing
Poor Text Design
IMS2805 3.1.14
Cleartitle
Mixedcase
Spacing between sections
Clear navigationinformation
Good Text Design
IMS2805 3.1.15
Use meaningful labels for all rows and columns; relabel after change of
page Formatting columns, rows and text
sort in meaningful order place blank row after every 5 lines in long columns be consistent with typefaces and fonts
Formatting numeric, textual and alphanumeric data right justify numeric data, left justify textual data
Designing Tables and Lists
IMS2805 3.1.16
Clear separate column labels
Numeric dataRight justified
Good Table Design
IMS2805 3.1.17
Sources of bias to avoid include providing information that does not
match the user’s task providing charts with too many items using columns and highlights improperly providing charts that use improper
scaling
Formatting Information to Avoid Bias
IMS2805 3.1.18
Sales
QuarterFirst Second Third Fourth
300
350
400
Bias in Scales of Graphs
IMS2805 3.1.19
Usability typically refers to speed - efficient completion of task
accuracy - output provides what is expected
satisfaction - output is liked
Assessing Usability
IMS2805 3.1.20
Consistency - of operation Efficiency - related to user task Ease - output self explanatory Format - consistent format between
entry and display Flexibility - must be convenient to
user
General Design Guidelines for Usability
IMS2805 3.1.21
User experience, skills, motivation, education, personality
Task time pressures, costs of errors, work duration (fatigue)
Systems platform will influence interaction styles and devices
Environment social issues and role should be considered
Contextual Issues
IMS2805 3.1.22
Time to learn Speed of performance Rate of errors Retention over time Subjective satisfaction
Measures of Usability
IMS2805 3.1.23
Usability data can be collected by observation interviews keystroke capturing questionnaires
Collection of Usability data
IMS2805 3.1.24
References
HOFFER, J.A., GEORGE, J.F. and VALACICH (2002) 3rd ed., Modern Systems Analysis and Design, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, Chapter 13
WHITTEN, J.L., BENTLEY, L.D. and DITTMAN, K.C. (2001) 5th ed., Systems Analysis and Design Methods, Irwin/McGraw-HilI, New York, NY. Chapter 13