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In the name of ALLAH, the In the name of ALLAH, the most gracious, the most most gracious, the most

mercifulmerciful

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Sir Syed University of Sir Syed University of Engineering & Engineering &

TechnologyTechnologyOil/Gas Sensing & Drilling System“Group # 37”

B.S. (Electronics Engineering)Final Year Project

Final PresentationBATCH 2007

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Internal AdvisorInternal AdvisorAssistant Professor

M.Saeed AzharCompiled byCompiled by

Arbab Ali 2007-EE-06 4Waqas Ali Malik 2007-EE-084Faraz Ali Shah 2007-EE-085Abdul Jabbar 2007-EE-434Ghulam Mustafa 2007-EE-479M.Hammad ur Rehman 2007-EE-505

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Introduction:Introduction: As shown from the name “Oil/Gas Sensing and

Exploration” this project basically deals with the sensing of oil under the earth crust and then exploring it efficiently for its use.

Actually first of all we do the seismic survey on our prototype to ensure whether there is any possibility of oil under our sample earth crust of prescribed thickness. These seismic waves are passed into the earth through a controlled earthquake. Then if we get any indication of presence of oil so the drilling will start i.e. small diameter then another sensor will be inserted which ultimately confirms the oil below. After the confirmation final drilling of greater diameter will be done and finally the oil will be explored.

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Why we select this project?Why we select this project?“Oil and Gas Keep the World Running”:The products made from crude oil and natural gas really does keep the

world running and improve our lifestyle and standard of living. Where would we be without these products? Oil and gas have allowed us to

Increase the production of food. visit and do business with countries around the world. Heat and cool our homes, businesses, and schools. improve our health and defeat life-threatening diseases. manufacture products that make our life easier. Move around our community and the world with ease.“ALLAH has granted Pakistan with lot of minerals including the oil but

unfortunately we are just unable to explore this wealth because of the lack of the state of the art technology which is use in exploring it, as there are number of international companies which explores the oil and drill too but due to there some strict conditions and expense we are just unable to allow them to search for oil in our areas.

Here we students think on this serious issue and decided to make such a project which could help in the exploration of oil.”

“This is all about, which motivated us to do so.”

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Historical Background:Historical Background: Exploring for petroleum once a matter of good luck and

guess work, now petroleum explorations use many technical and scientific principles to guide them.

The most successful oil finding method in the early days of oil exploration was to drill oil seeps, where oil was actually present on the surface.

Today, surface and sub surface geological studies derived the discovery of oil and gas.

Aerial photographs, satellite images, and various geographical instruments provide ion formation that’s helps determine where to drill an exploratory well.

Then specialist examine the rock fragments and core samples brought up while drilling the exploratory well And runs special tools into the hole to get more information about the formation underground. Examining, correlating and interpreting this information make it possible for the petroleum prospector to accurately locate sub surface structure that may contain hydrocarbon accumulation worth exploiting.

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Modules:Modules:

Module A:Basic Prototype.

Module B:Sensors (Oil and Gas)

Module C:Mechanical structure.

Module D:Hardware & Software

Interface.

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Module A: (basic prototype)

Simple earth layers. Underground reservoirs of Oil and Gas Differentiator between oil and gas(i.e. model

representation of reservoirs )

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Module B : (Sensors Oil and Gas)

As this project basically relates to detection and exploraion of underground oil and gas so Two different types of sensors are used here for detection of oil and gas.

Oil Sensor :Oil sensor which is using right here is basically the conductivity sensor as we know underground liquids can be water or oil and there is lot of difference between the conductivity of both i.e. oil has lesser conductivity then water so by that difference we can easily differentiate between oil and other liquids.

Gas sensor:

As Natural gas contains major percentage of carbon compounds so we are using here a sensor which actually senses the presence of carbon.

Whenever is carbon is detected a buzzer sounds and displayed to monitoring and control center of whole process.

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Module C: (Mechanical structure)

The Mechanical structure contains mechanical work in x and y axis simultaneously. First of all drilling bit starts drilling in y-axis after some drilling bit is moved out from hole and sensing bit is moved into hole when sensor sensed the oil it sends signal to control room and displayed

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Diagrammatical Representation Of Mechanical Structure:

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Module D: (Hardware and Software)

Hardware section is divided in sub caegories namely •Horizontal Motion of Mechanical bed:In horizontal motion one DC is used for right and left motion•Vertical Motion of Mechanical Motion:Two DC motors are used for up and right motion of drilling and sensing motion.•Rotatory Motion:Single DC motor is used for rotation of drilling bit

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Software used:All these tasks are completed in three phases, known as THREE BASIC STEPS Microcontroller MACHINE construction. To interface our hardware with the Microcontroller, we develop software using following techniques: 

• Keil µVision • Visual Basic 6.0

Keil µVision The µVision IDE from Keil combines project management, make facilities, source code editing, program debugging, and complete simulation in one powerful environment. The µVision development platform is easy-to-use and helping you quickly create embedded programs that work. The µVision editor and debugger are integrated in a single application that provides a seamless embedded project development environment.

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VISUAL BASIC It's a computer programming system developed and owned by Microsoft. Visual Basic was originally created to make it easier to write programs for the Windows computer operating system. The basis of Visual Basic is an earlier programming language. Visual Basic is often referred to using just the initials; VB. Visual Basic is easily the most widely used computer programming system in the history of software.  Visual Basic was one of the first systems that made it practical to write programs for the Windows operating system. This was possible because VB included software tools to automatically create the detailed programming required by Windows.

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Block Diagram:

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Flow Graph:

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Applications of Project:

It can be used for detecting a layer of hydrocarbon on water.

It can be used for detection of underground oil/gas pipeline.

It can be used for oil/gas wells. It can be used after seismic surveys on earth

surface. It can be interface through Ethernet devices

at wide area of industrial level.

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Features: The total advantage of presented sensor is the

possibility of its implementation to monitoring of water surface pollution by oil & oily liquids.

Hydrocarbon sensing & drilling Portability Easy to handle Easy to take a sample of oil/gas Wired monitoring of sensing & drilling Wired monitoring of parameters temperature Crude oil survey

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Future Enhancement:

Make this at industrial level to sense oil/gas well on earth with long range

Integrate sensing & drilling sections on an automatic robotic vehicle.

It is used when appearance of oil inside the earth surface at random or different places.

Make this project possible for exploration of gas.

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Special Thanks:

““Electronics DepartmentElectronics Department””

Chairman: Mr. Bilal Alvi

FYP Committee:Mr. Faizan Saleem

Mr. Muhammad Asif

Mr. Sharif

Mr. Noman Siddiqui

Internal Advisor: Mr. Saeed Azhar

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