5. Indian Standrd Time line
6. Introduction to india
meridian
0 degree is known as Greenwich line it passes through UK
180 degree is International Date Line
Longitude
8° 4′ to 37° 6′
68° 7′ to 97° 25′
latitudes 8°4'N to 37°6'N
longitudes 68°7'E to 97°25'E

3214km
2933km
8° 4′ to 37° 6′
68° 7′ to 97° 25′
5
UP, MP,


29 29
29 14 .5
India have 4 physical
{A} Trans Himalya
2 Laddakh mountain range
It start from gilgit zone in pakistan and extend as kailash mountain in china.
3 Zanskar
Himalya 1 The Great/Himadri or Inner Himalya
It is the world highest mountain range without volanism
It is in arch shape
North boundary is tibbet pleatu and tibbat or trans himalya
Its maximum height in nepal where everest, makalu are located
kunchanjunga is located on india nepal boundry is
2nd high peak of india
Glacier of himadri are gangotri, yamnotri from
where ganga and yamuna originates
5
(nepal)
3 Shivalik or outer himalya It is the newest mountain range of the
himalya
No Himalayas –No Tibet – No rainfall- India would have
been desert
Source of perennial rivers – great fertile plain
Importance of Himalayas
2 NORTHEN PLANES or indo gangatic plane
• The Indo-Gangetic Plain is divided into two drainage basins by the Delhi Ridge; the western part drains to the Indus,
and the eastern part consists of the Ganga–Brahmaputra drainage systems. This divide is only 350 metres above sea
level, causing the perception that the Indo-Gangetic Plain appears to be continuous from Sindh in the west
to Bengal and Assam in the east.
• •THIS PLANE IS FORMED BY THE DEPOSITION OF RIVERS OF MOUNTAIN MAINLY, AND PLEATU RIVER ALSO HAVE SOME ROLE•IT CAN BE DIVIDED INTO 4 PARTS•1 Rajasthan planes
• •2 Punjab planes
• •3 Ganga planes
• 4 Brahmaputra planes
It is indias densly populated and the most fertile planes
Rajasthan become desert by the change climatic conditions and dissapering of sarswati river
Sand dunes in rajasthan dsert are formed by the monsson wind or southern trade wind
punjab planes are formed by indus river and its tributries
Indian planes can be divided
into some parts
1 . BHABHAR
2 . TARAI
3 . BANGAR
4 . KHADAR
5 . DELTA
8 16km



Plateau of India
Aravali mountain range
1.It is the oldest folded mountain of the world 70 cr.
2 . From palanpur to delhi around 800 km.
3. Southern part is broadest and highest and northen
part have low height
4. In old era aravali is extended from himalya to
lakshyadeep but external foces eroded the aravali so
it is a residual mountain
5 . Its high peak is guru sikhar 1722 mt
6. Aravali divide rajasthan into two climatic regions in
the west thar desert and arid bagar land
7. In the east the plains of chamble and banas river
8. Aravali is known as 50 cm rainfall line rain decerase
in west and increase in east
Several tributaries of the Ganga-Yamuna system
originate from the Vindhyas. These
include Chambal, Betwa, Dhasan, Ken, Tamsa, Kali
Sindh and Parbati. The northern slopes of the
Vindhyas are drained by these rivers
The "Vindhyan Supergroup" is one of the largest and
thickest sedimentary successions in the world
The highest point of the Vindhyas is the Sad-bhawna
Shikhar ("Goodwill Peak")
and kerla
Famous for sholas forest a decidious tropical tree
It is known as blue mountain
Silent valley in kerla
Nilgiri home of toda tribe the vegiterian tribe of india
Pal Ghat
Pal Ghat
Palakkad Gap is located in the Western Ghats between the states of Tamil
Nadu and Kerala
pass is located between Nilgiri Hills in the north and Anaimalai Hills in
south.
Senkota pass: It is located between the Nagercoil and the Cardmom hills
links Thiruvanathpuram and Madurai
Anamudi Peak 2,695 metres lies at the extreme
southwestern end of the range and is the highest peak in
southern India. south of Palakkad Gap
Anamudi is a mountain located in the Indian state of Kerala
hills now have coffee and tea plantations as well
as teak forests
teak, and sago palms cover
Cardamom Hills to the southeast. The Palni Hills lies to the
east.
abundant wildlife.
Anamalai Tiger Reserve located among these hills are
well known for elephants.
part of the southern Western Ghats in kerla and tamilnadu
Drainages of the west flowing Periyar, Mullayar and Pamba rivers.
It includes Idukki Dam and Mullaperiyar Dam
The central part of the hills comprise the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary
The Western Ghats and Periyar Sub-Cluster including the Cardamom
Hills, are UNESCO World Heritage Sites
mountains along India's eastern coast
Mahanadi basin marks the northern boundary of the
Eastern ghats while the southern boundary is the Nilagiri
hills
Karnatka , Tamilnadu , Odisha , Telengana
, Pachaimalai, Shevaroy