IN140703 Service SupportTechnologies 29.9.2016 Part 2

Pirita Ihamäki Phd. Mc.S.

pirita.ihamaki@samk.fi

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Content

• Cyborg

• Cyborg Context - Territories of Digital Theory

• Cyborg – Nest

• What is Transhumanism?

• Transhumanism

• Humanity formally defines it based on Max More’s original definition follows

• Transhumanists judge ”improvement of the human condition”

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Content

• Biotechnology, genetic engineering, stem cellsand cloning

• The Term ”human clogning”

• Nanotechnology

• Cyborg – Movies

• Transhumanism & Man Merging With Machine: Progress in 2016

• Workshop

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Cyporg• Haraway (1991) in Cyborg Manifesto defines

a cyborg as ‘a hybrid of the machine and organism, a creature of social reality as wellas a creature of fiction’ (p. 149).

• Cyporg is evidenced in the arts, advertising, film, and television where humans frequentlytake up hybrid identities to reconceptualizethe self (Badmington, 2000; Bullingham & Vasconcelos, 2013; Hayles 1999)

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Cyborg Context - Territories of Digital Theory

• Techno enthusiasts such an as Heim (1993) and Negroponte (1996) who made the most radical steptowards a philosophy of the digital in itself, yet theyremained speculative, superficial and sanguine in as an external material shift, rather than on the socio-cultural evolution occurring within increasinglycybernetic consciousness.

• Approaching the digital as a mere extension of pre-existing media creates an instant barrier towards new modes of interactivity. (Benjamin 2016, 1)

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Cyborg - Nest

• http://www.cyborgnest.net/

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

What is Transhumanism?

• Transhumanism is a way of thinking about the future that is based on the premise that the human species in its current does notrepresent the end of our development butrather a comparatively early phase.

• Transhumanism is a loosely definedmovement that has developed gradually overthe past two decades.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Transhumanism

• Transhumanism is a class of philosophies of life that seek the continuation and acceleration of the evolution of intelligent life beyond its currently human form and humanlimitations by means of science and technology, guided by life promotingprinciples and values. – Max More (1990)

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Humanity formally defines it based on Max More’s original definition follows:

1) The intellectual and cultural movement thataffirms the possibility and desirability of fundamentally improving the human conditionthrough applied reason, especially bydeveloping and making widely availabletechnologies eliminate aging and to greatlyenhance the human intellectual, physical and psychological capacities.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Humanity formally defines it based on Max More’s original definition follows:

2) The study of the ramifications, promises, and potential dangers of technologies that willenable us to overcome fundamental humanlimitations, and the related study on the ethicalmatter involved in developing and using suchtechnologies.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Transhumanists judge ”improvement of the humancondition”

Transhumanism is compatible with a variety of ethicalsystems and transhumanists themselves hold manydifferent views. Nonetheless, the following seems to constitute a common core of agreement:according to transhumanist, the human condition hasbeen improved if the conditions of individual humanshave been improved. In practice, competent adults areusually the best judges of what is good for themselves. Therefore, transhumanists advocate individual freedom, especially the right for those who so wish to usetechnology to extend their mental and physical capacitiesand to improve their control over their own lives.

Biotechnology, genetic engineering, stem cells and cloning

• Biotecnology is the application of techniquesand methods based on the biological sciences.

• Genetic engineering is the are of biotechnology concerned with the directedalteration of genetic material.

• Biotechnology already has countlessapplications in industry, agriculture, and medicine.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

The Term ”human clogning”

• The term of “human cloning” has covers both therapeutic and reproductiveuses.

• In therapeutic cloning, a preimplantation embryo (also known as a “blastocyst” – a hollow ball consisting of 30-150 undifferentiated cells) is created via cloning, from which embryonic stem cells could be extracted and used for therapy.

• Because these cloned stem cells are genetically identical to the patient, the tissues or organs they would produce could be implanted without eliciting an immune response from the patient’s body, thereby overcoming a major hurdlein transplant medicine. Reproductive cloning, by contrast, would mean the birth of a child who is genetically identical to the cloned parent: in effect, a younger identical twin.

• Transhumanists emphasize that, in order to seriously prolong the healthy life span, we also need to develop ways to slow aging or to replace senescent cellsand tissues. Gene therapy, stem cell research, therapeutic cloning, and otherareas of medicine that have the potential to deliver these benefits deserve a high priority in the allocation of research money.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Nanotechnology

• Central to Drexler’s vision of nanotechnology is the concept of the assembler. An assembler would have a molecular construction device. It would have one ormore submicroscopic robotic arms under computercontrol. The arms would be capable of holding and placing reactive compounds so as to positionallycontrol the precise location at which a chemicalreaction takes place. The assembler arms would grab a molecule (but not necessarily individual atoms) and add it to a work piece, constructing an atomicallyprecise object step by step.

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Cyborg - Movies

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

• Top 10 Cyborgs in TV and Movies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kfVww1TaHE

• Cyborg Trailer – Denzel Washington, Ray Fisher(2014) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12W_J-c9FpM

• Cyborg: New Action, Sci-fi Movie – Star: rayFisher, (2016)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLsoLyXfV-Q

Worshops

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

Transhumanism & Man Merging With Machine: Progress in 2016

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2UWkGfd7fg

Group Work

Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Unit Rauma

• Divide for groups of 5 people.

• Design business service, where Cyborg be partof the service. You can add your work in Moodle (Power Point 4 pages).

• ”The flow of ideas from one field into anotheroften takes curious and ambivalent paths”.

Thank you for your attention!