Date post: | 27-Dec-2014 |
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Department of Community DentistryIndustry visit report on:
Biomedical waste treatment plant
Hitkarini Dental college & hospital
Submitted by:Kritika SarkarB.D.S final year
This is to certify that this is a bonafide work of Kritika Sarkar of B.D.S, IV year roll no.______ and has completed the visit report on time.
Verified by: Date:_________ _________
Dept. ofCommunity Dentistry.HDC&H
Certificate
Introduction. Biomedical waste Sources of biomedical wastes Segregation of wastes (at pt of
disposal). Incineration :
◦ Definition.◦ Types of incinerators ◦ Components ◦ Schematic representation of
Processes involved.◦ Effluent & air emissions.
Conclusion.
Contents:
I owe my gratitude to Dr. Vinay Sureshan & Dr. Nalini Saxena (Dept. of Public health Dentistry), for there enormous support , guidance & providing the opportunity for a great learning experience.
I would also like to extend my gratefulness to the my seniors and colleagues for supporting me for the preparation of this report.
Acknowledgement
We the students of B.D.S. IV year, HDC&H, visited Biomedical waste disposal plant- Elite Engineers, Kathonda. We interacted with the in charge, Mr. Shukla and workers, who explained how the waste was collected from different hospitals & nursing homes in color coded plastic bags and how all the procedures were carried out.
We also visited different sections of the plant.
We also learned about the pre-disposal measures taken before land filling.
Introduction
According to biomedical waste (managing &handling) rules, 1998 India, “Bio-medical waste” means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment/ immunization of human-beings/ animals, or in research actives pertaining thereto of in the production or testing of biologicals.
Biomedical waste
Government/private hospitals Nursing homes Physician/dentist office or clinic Dispensaries Primary health care centers Medical research and training
centers Animal/slaughter houses Labs/research organizations Vaccinating centers Bio tech institutions/production
units
Sources:
Segregation
Old –The process of burning, setting
fire to or destroying New –An engineered process using
controlled flame combustion to thermally degrade waste materials
Definition
ROTARY KILN FLUIDIZED BED LIQUID INJECTION MULTIPLE HEARTH CATALYTIC COMBUSTION WASTE-GAS FLARE DIRECT-FLAME
Types of Incinerators
We observed the double chambered direct flame type of incinerator which is adequate for combustion of all infective waste but the disadvantage is that there is incomplete combustion of Cytotoxic wastes.
Waste pre-treatment - pre-heating, autoclaving & shredding
Waste loading systems – conveyors, hoppers, sprayers, manual, etc.
Burner management system Combustion chambers Air pollution control device Ash and slough disposal
INCINERATION SYSTEMCOMPONENTS
Schematic representation
This consists in sorting, separation, size reduction and sieving technologies in varying configurations to achieve a mechanical separation of waste fractions into potentially useful products and/or streams suitable for biological processing.
We saw a shredder and a segregating unit for such type of treatment.
Also the plastics and glass wares were subjected to autoclaving before shredding.
Waste pre-treatment
Shredder
Autoclave
Shredded hospital plastic wastes
The waste loading was manually done in the plant.
In bigger plants is carried out by conveyors, hoppers or sprayers.
Waste loading
The chamber’s base had burners which were fueled by diesel.
Burner management system
Combustion chamber (Temp-700o C)
Air pollution control device
Collection of toxic emissions from the combustion chamber
Emissions treated with purified water
Slough comes to the surface of water
Slough is separated
Water resent to treatment tanks with alum, jaggery & cattle
excreta.
Emission collection chamber (Temp-1085oC)
Scrubber (Variable temperature)
Slough accumulation & collection
The residues from the combustion chamber and the (dried) slough in collected and sent to Indore, for land filling.
Ash & slough disposal
Purification of water for reuse
The industry visit was a great learning experience where we could see and understand the step by step processes well.
Conclusion