Increasing Risk to Indian Infrastructure –

Are We Prepared ?

- VP Agrawal,

Chairman-AAI

Increasing Risk to Indian Infrastructure –

Are We Prepared ?

(Master Class on Security)

- VP Agrawal, Chairman-AAI

Indian Growth Story

5.8

3.8

8.5

7.5

9.5 9.6 9.3

6.8

8.4 8.2

6.9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

GDP- Growth Rate (%) India Contribution to

World GDP

• 2000 – 1.5%

• 2011 – 2.8 %

• FY 2013 - Projected

growth rate of 7-8.5%

by different agencies

• 12th Plan Target

Growth Rate: 9-9.5%

Revised : 8-8.5%

Growth ἀ Infrastructure Development

Projected Investment Requirement in Infrastructure for 9% Growth ~ $

1 Trillon from 2012-17 during 12th Five Year Plan

High growth in Infrastructure sector with average investment of 9.3%

of GDP will put tremendous pressure on Security of this sector .

Though expenditure on security does not contribute to GDP but it is an

integral and essential part of the CAPEX for safeguarding the

infrastructure.

Indian Infrastructure- The Risk

Factors

Imminent need - Secure “Critical Infrastructure”

which can be destroyed, incapacitated, exploited

or made in-effective .

Attack on “Critical Infrastructure” will be a “Force

Multiplier” resulting in Chain Reaction of

FAILURES

Risk to Indian Infrastructure - What

Can Happen? a) Attack on Physical

Infrastructure installations.

Direct Terrorist Attacks

Sleeper Cell Attacks

b) Remote Cyber Attack through

Virus attack akin to “Wiper”

“Stuxnet” etc.

Hacking of security systems

Infiltration in operating

systems

Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It

Can Happen?

Infrastructure which are

vulnerable to physical and cyber

attacks;

Electric Grids

Water Supply installations

Dams

Nuclear Installations

Offshore Exploration and

Production installations

Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It

Can Happen?

Infrastructure which are

vulnerable to physical and

cyber attacks;

Cyber Networks

Telecommunication

Banking and Financial

systems

Civil Aviation Airports and

Defense bases.

HIJACKING

DECEMBER 24 , 1999 IC-814 - INDIA

Risk to Indian Infrastructure- How It Can

Happen?

TERRORIST ATTACK

SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 TWIN TOWERS TRAGEDY - US

Risk to Indian Infrastructure- Where It

Can Happen?

10

Jammu

Amritsar

DELHI

Lucknow

Cochin

Varanasi Patna

Guwahati Dibrugarh

Dimapur

Imphal

Agartala

KOLKATA

Bhubaneshwar Raipur

Khajuraho

Bhopal Indore

Ahmedabad Udaipur

Jaipur

Vadodra

Bhavnagar

MUMBAI

Aurangabad Nagpur

Hyderabad

Mangalore Bangalore CHENNAI

Madurai

Coimbatore Calicut

Trivandrum

Rajkot

Leh Srinagar

Pune

Agra

Jodhpur

Chandigarh

Gwalior

Jabalpur

Goa

Bhuj

Jamnagar

Belgaum

Gulbarga

Bellary Tirupati

Trichy

Vizag

Vijayawada

Port Blair

Gaya

Ranchi

Jamshedpur

Barapani

Jorhat

Lilabari

Silchar

Lengpui

Tezpur Bagdogra

Gondia

Probable Risk to Airport Infrastructure in India

Pakyong Itanagar

Cheithu

454 airports / airstrips (Operational and Non-Operational)

AAI manages -125 Airports

International -14 (3 CE)

Custom - 11 (3 CE)

Domestic – 80

Other Civil Enclaves – 20

CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY

AIM & PRIMARY OBJECTIVE

AIM : To safeguard International civil

Aviation Operations against acts of unlawful

interference.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE : Safety and

security of passengers, crew, ground

personnel, general public, airports, aviation

installations

CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY

SET-UP IN INDIA

BCAS - Regulatory Authority for civil aviation security

in India responsible for the development,

implementation and maintenance of the National Civil

Aviation Security.

Security functions at all the airports in the country were

performed by the police personnel till January 2000.

In order to bring in uniformity and ensure effective control

and supervision, airports security was entrusted to a single

force CISF instead of different State Police forces.

The dedicated CISF contingent earmarked for aviation

security functions at airports in India has been notified as

Aviation Security Group (ASG).

LEVEL OF THREATS

Based on threat perception selected preventive security

measures are applied at the Airports.

There can be three levels of threat conditions

(a)Baseline: In the absence of verifiable intelligence

information there may be the possibility of unlawful

interference by individuals or groups due to causes such

as civil unrest, labour disputes and the active presence

of anti-government factions.

(b)Intermediate: Intelligence information indicates

probability of attack on aircraft operators and/or airports.

(c)High: Intelligence information indicates specific aircraft

operator and/ or airports are targeted for attack.

CATEGORIZATION OF AIRPORTS

Based on threat perception at the airport all

operational airports in the country get

categorized as follows:

Normal airport

Sensitive airport

Hyper sensitive airport

CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY IN INDIA

A SEGMENTED RESPONSIBILITY

Law Enforcing

Agency

Airline Security Airport operators

•Anti Hijacking

•Access Control

(landside/Airside)

•Search, Frisking,

checking of baggage

•Terminal surveillance

of SHA

•Perimeter Security at

Airports

•Control of Proximity

to aircraft

•Anti Sabotage

•Ladder Point

Security (Access

to aircraft)

•Hold/cheeck-in

baggage

screening

•Hangar Security

•Catering, Cargo,

Courier,

Consignment,

Company Stores

•Terminal Access

•Access to Cargo,

Terminal Building

from Landisde

•Perimeter

Checking, Security

at Domestic Airports

•Common User

Facilities

•Guarding of Airport

Navigational

Facilities

DEVICES USED FOR RISK MITIGATION

Devices of a specialized nature are used in prevention or detection of act of

unlawful interference related to civil aviation.

1) Weapon detection device

HHMD

DFMD

2) Explosive detection device

Dog squad

Electron capture

Mass spectrometry

Gas chromatography

Chemiluminescence

Ion trap mass spectrometry

3) Intrusion detection device

Closed circuit television (CCTV)

Infrared detector

Proximity sensors

Video motion detector

4) X-ray baggage machine

ROLE OF AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

Provision and maintenance of physical security measures:

Barriers in restricted areas to prevent inadvertent

access.

Perimeter wall

Gates/entry and Access points

Security Lighting

Isolated parking Bay

Cooling pit for a possible disposal of a bomb or

any explosive device by Bomb Detection and

Disposal squad (BDDS).

ROLE OF AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

Electronic detection devices for

passengers, hand baggage, registered

baggage, cargo screening etc.

Security hold areas with seating

arrangements and adequate amenities.

Guarding of vital installations on and off

the airport

Issuance of Vehicle permits , Temporary

pass/permit at airports

CONTINGENCY MEASURES FOR

UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE

To deal with acts of unlawful interference with civil

aviation the following Group/Committees has been established: Cabinet Committee on Security Committee of Secretaries on Aircraft Hijack

(COSAH) Central Committee (CC) Aerodrome Committee (AC)

Lets Strive for Secured, Safe

and Sustainable Growth