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8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Carolyn Webster-Stratton, Ph.D.
Parents, Teachers and Therapists Using
Coaching Skills to Promote Children’s Socia
Emotional & Academic CompetenceIncredible Years Parents, Teachers, and Children’s Programs
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Carolyn Webster-Stratton, Ph.D.
Parents, Teachers and Therapists Using
Coaching Skills to Promote Children’s Socia
Emotional & Academic CompetenceIncredible Years Parents, Teachers, and Children’s Programs
See paper on web site:
Webster- Stratton, C. & Reid, M.J. (in press). Parents, TeachersAnd Therapists Using Child-Directed Play Therapy and Coaching
Skills to Promote Children’s Social and Emotional Competence
And Build Positive Relationships. In C.E. Schaefer, Play therapy for
Preschool children.
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Underlying Theories for Incredible Years
(IY) Use of Child-directed Play and
Specific Coaching Skil ls
• Cognitive social learning theory - “attention principle”-adults learn to coach, prompt, give positive attention to and reinforce prosocial
child behaviors, positive thoughts and feelings rather than negative behaviors,
thoughts or feelings during play interactions• Modeling Theory - observational learning-adults learn to model appropriate social interactions,
emotional regulation and expression of emotions for
children
• Relational or Attachment Theories
- child directed play and coaching fromadults influences child affect, bonding and intimacy of
relationships, separate from behavioral management
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Empirical Support for Incredible Years
(IY) Use of Child-directed Play and
Specific Coaching Skil ls
• IY Parent, Teacher and Child Series have
each been shown effective in multiple studies
in reducing conduct problems & depression
& promoting social and emotionalcompetence and school readiness in children
• One of the key foundational components
of all three interventions is specific coaching
and child-directed play skills
Play: Promote Positive
Parent-Child Relationships
Praise & Incentives:
Build Social Competence
Effective Limit Setting:
Increase Cooperation
Ignore,
redirect, distract:
Decrease Aggression
Use
Liberally
Use
SelectivelyPARENTING
PYRAMID
The Incredible Years Training Series
Time
Out
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Encouragement
& Recognition
Coaching
Persistence Coaching AcademicCoaching DescriptiveCommenting & Language
Development
Child Directed Play
Coaching Pyramid
Parent, Teacher and Therapist Skills & Strategies
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Step #1: Child-directed Play
• Avoid unnecessary commands or
corrections, criticism or asking questions
• Follow the child’s lead and ideas and enterinto their imaginary and pretend world
• Express joyfulness and help children feel
special by adult’s focused attentionand presence.
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Step #2: Descriptive Commenting &
Academic Coaching
Coach the following:
• Objects & their positions
(in, under, beside)• Colors, shapes, numbers, sizes
• Textures, order, classifications
• Actions - writing, reading, printing
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Step #3: Persistence Coaching
Coach the following:• Patience, staying calm
• Concentrating, focusing
• Trying again, persisting, working hard
• Planning and thinking ahead
• Waiting
• Problem solving
• Independence• Sitting still, Listening
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Brainstorm /Buzz
Share with your buddy your favorite
persistence & academic coachingstatement:
“ that is really hard, and you keep
thinking hard, you are very patient
and I think you are going
to do it.”
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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#3 Academic Coaching (Kalani boxes)
#4 Persistence Coaching (Erin drawing)
Video Vignettes
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Step #4: Social Coaching
Model and Coach the following:
• Sharing • Helping
• Teamwork • Taking Turns
• Waiting • Asking
• Suggesting an idea • Listening
• Trading • Agreeing
• Complimenting • Being generous
• Apologizing • Forgiving
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Brainstorm /Buzz
Share with your buddy your favorite
social coaching statements:“I am going to be your friend
and share my truck with you”
(adult models social skill)
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Step #4: Emotion Coaching
Coach the following:• Child’s feelings of joy, happiness, patience, courage, pride, confidence,
forgiving, caring
• Child’s feelings of sadness, anger, frustration, embarrassment coupled with
positive coping behavior
• Give more attention to positive emotions than
negative emotions
• Pair negative emotions with coping skill or positive
prediction
• Parent or teacher share and model expression of
positive emotions with children
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Video Vignettes
# 6 Emotion Coaching (Soleil, sticky tape)
# 7 Social Coaching (toddlers)
# 8 Social Coaching (Trilby preschoolers)
# 9 Sibling Play (6 and 8 year olds)
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Brainstorm /Buzz
Share with your buddy your favorite
emotion coaching statements:“ that was hard to share, you
are such a good friend and
made your friend feel
happy”
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Tailoring Coaching to a Child’s
Developmental Level 1: Parallel Play
Adult interacts one-on-one with child by:
- Modeling social skills when playing with child
- Prompting words for child to imitate- Prompting social actions by child
- Connecting social skill with feelings
- Using puppets and imaginary play to model social skill
and emotional literacy- Ignoring antisocial or inappropriate behavior
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Tailoring Coaching to a Child’s
Developmental Level 2:Beginning Peer
or Sibling Interactions
Adult promotes awareness and initiations between 2
peers by:- Modeling as a friendly peer
- Prompting child’s initiations with peer- “notice”- Prompting words to use with peers
- Connecting feelings with social skill
- Praising social behavior and feelings in peer
- Reinforcing prosocial behaviors when they occur
- Ignoring nonsocial behaviors and feelings
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Tailoring Coaching to a Child’s
Developmental Level 3: Child
Interested in Peers
Adult does Peer Coaching with 2-3 children by:- Praising positive social and friendly interactions
- Prompting social skills such as wait, trade, asking,
giving help, sharing, words to use with peers
- Connecting feelings with social skill
- Praising self-regulation skills (listening, waiting,
staying calm, problem solving)
- Promoting empathy and perspective taking (noticing peer
feeling response)
- Attribution training (understanding accident) andhelping children to learn to forgive or apologize
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Tailor Coaching to Child’s
Temperament and Co-morbidities
• Children with ODD
-delayed problem solving skills & anger –emotion
and self-regulation coaching
• Children with ADHD
- delayed social and emotional skills- persistence coaching
• Children who are Depressed
- emotion coaching & social coaching
• Children with Autism
- descriptive language coaching & prompting words
• Children with Attachment Problems
-relationship building/emotional coaching
8/9/2019 Incredible Years Presentation Coaching Skills
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Coaching Strategies are a necessary but not
suff icient part of a larger child management system