Index

A

Absorptives, specialty, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634

Adjuvant analgesics, for palliative care of children with cancer, 666

Affective disorders, in advanced cancer, 671–700

biologic markers, 679–680

diagnosis and assessment, 673–679

management, 684–694

prevalence, 671–673

risk factors, 680–684

Age, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 681

Alginates, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633

Alternative therapies, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 651

Anabolic hormones, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 596

Analgesia. See Pain, management of.

Analgesics. See also Pain, management of., drug interactions with, in palliative care for

cancer patients, 648–650

Anemia, fatigue in cancer patients due to, interventions for, 624

Anesthetics, inhaled, for cough in cancer patients, 572

Anorexia, and cachexia, in patients with advanced cancer, 589–617

assessment of, 599–602

causes of, 589–592

primary versus secondary, 590–592

management of, 602–609

counseling, 608–609

nutrition, 603–605

pharmacologic treatment, 605–608

reversible causes, 603

systemic antineoplastic treatment, 603

primary, pathophysiology of, 592–597

secondary, mechanisms of, 597–599

Antibiotics, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 648

Anticonvulsants, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 647–648

for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 534–535

for palliative care of children with cancer, 666

0889-8588/02/$ – see front matter D 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

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Hematol Oncol Clin N Am

16 (2002) 763–773

Antidepressants, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 645

for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 686–688

for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 535

for palliative care of children with cancer, 666

Antitussive agents, for cough in cancer patients, 571–572

Antitussives, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 650–651

Assessment, of anorexia and cachexia in advanced cancer, 599–602

aggravating factors, 601

body composition, 600

function, 600–601

integrating psychosocial and spiritual distress, 602

oncologic situation, prognosis, and comorbidity, 601

of pain in advanced cancer, 511–525

after implementing a new therapy, 522–523

comprehensive assessment approach, 514–522

in demented patients, 523

initial, 522

on a routine basis, 522

uniqueness of metastatic cancer pain, 512–514

of skin wounds in cancer patients, 632

Audiotapes, of consultation, providing to patients, to enhance doctor-patient

communication, 733–735

B

Benzodiazepines, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 694

Bereavement, parental and sibling grief after child’s death, 659–670

Biologic markers, of depression, in patients with advanced cancer, 679–680

Breathlessness. See Dyspnea.

Bronchodilators, for cough in cancer patients, 571–572

Bupropion, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 691

C

Cachexia, cancer. See Anorexia.

Cancer survivors, research on fatigue in, 620–621

Cancer, advanced, affective disorders in, 671–700

anorexia and cachexia, 589–617

assessment of pain in, 511–525

communication between physician and patient with, research on, 731–743

delirium in, 701–714

dyspnea and cough in, 557–577

fatigue in, research on, 619–628

fever and sweats in, 579–588

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773764

pain management in, advances in, 527–541

methadone for, 543–555

palliative care in, clinical support for families during, 745–762

in children with, 657–670

interaction of medications used in, 641–655

prognosis in, 715–729

wound care in, 629–639

Chemotherapeutic agents, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 650

Chemotherapy-induced pulmonary damage, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 565

Children, with cancer, palliative care for, 657–670

pain relief, 661–667

psychosocial issues and caring for dying child, 657–660

symptom management, 660–661

Coanalgesics, to reduce systemic opioid requirement, in cancer pain, 532

Codeine, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 649

Collagen, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633

Communication, between doctor and cancer patient, 731–743

disclosing information to patients with incurable cancer, 732–733

promoting patient participation in cancer consultation, 735–737

providing consultation audiotapes to patients, 733–735

psychologic well-being of cancer patients, 737–738

research on, in palliative care, 739–741

writing letters to referring doctors, 738–739

Communication problems, assessment of cancer pain in patients with, 523

Composite dressings, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633

Comprehensive assessment, of pain in advanced cancer, 514–522

of impact, 518–519

of pain behavior, 519–520

of patient appraisals and fear, 520–522

pain assessment, 515–518

Congestive heart failure, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

Consultations, patient, improving doctor-patient communication in, promoting patient

participation in, 735–737

providing audiotapes of to patients, 733–735

Corticosteroids, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 651

for anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients, 606

for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 534

for palliative care of children with cancer, 666

Cough, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 557–577

causes of, 570–571

nonpharmacologic interventions, 571

pharmacologic interventions, 571–572

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773 765

bronchodilators, 571–572

demulcents, 571

for productive coughs, 572

inhaled anesthetics, 572

nonopioid antitussive agents, 571

opioids, 571

Counseling, for anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients, 608–609

Cream dressings, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634

Cutaneous wounds, in cancer patients. See Wound care.

Cytokines, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 596

D

Death, from cancer, child’s understanding of, 657–658

Debriding agents, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634–635

Delirium, in patients with advanced cancer, 701–714

clinical challenges in management of, 705–708

clinical presentation and recognition of, 702–704

effect of on patient and family, 704–705

ethical issues in management of, 708–710

Dementia, assessment of cancer pain in patients with, 523

Demulcents, for cough in cancer patients, 571

Depression. See Affective disorders, in advanced cancer.

Disability, physical, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 682

Doctors, communication between cancer patients and, 731–743

disclosing information to patients with incurable cancer, 732–733

promoting patient participation in cancer consultation, 735–737

providing consultation audiotapes to patients, 733–735

psychologic well-being of cancer patients, 737–738

research on, in palliative care, 739–741

writing letters to referring doctors, 738–739

Drug interactions, in palliative cancer care, 641–655

enzyme induction and inhibition, 643–645

in specific drug groups, 645–651

P450 enzyme system and, 641–643

Dying children. See also Children., bereavement, parental and sibling grief, 659–670

child ’s understanding of death, 657

communicating with, 658

home care, 659

parents as caregivers of, 658–659

Dyspnea, in cancer patients, 557–577

causes of, 558–561

epidemiology, 557–558

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773766

management of, according to cause, 562–569

caused by cancer treatment, 565–566

caused by tumor, 562–563

indirectly caused by cancer, 566

pericardial effusions, 564

pleural effusions, 563–564

superior vena cava syndrome, 564–565

unrelated to cancer, 566

multidimensional assessment of, 561–562

nonpharmacologic interventions for, 569

pharmacologic interventions for, 566–569

opioids, 566–568

other medications, 568

oxygen, 568–569

sedatives and tranquilizers, 568

E

Edema, noncardiogenic pulmonary, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

Electroconvulsive therapy, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 694

Emulsions dressings, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634

End of life care. See also Palliative care., for delirium in patients with advanced cancer,

701–714

Enzyme systems, role in drug interactions in palliative cancer care, 641–645

enzyme induction and inhibition, 643–645

Exercise, as intervention for fatigue in cancer patients, 625

Existential concerns, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 683–684

F

Families, of cancer patients, clinical support for, in palliative care phase, 745–762

gaps in knowledge, 750–752

guidelines for care of, 752–758

family assessment, 752–755

supportive interventions, 755–758

needs of, 746–750

emotional, 749–750

information, 747–748

patient comfort, 746

physical care, 748–749

Fatigue, in cancer patients, research on, 619–628

approaches to patients with, 621–624

clinic for, 624

descriptive, 620

in cancer survivors, 620–621

interventions for, 624–625

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773 767

Fatigue Clinic, research on, 624

Fear, in cancer patients, effect on pain, assessment of, 520–521

Fecal incontinence, skin wounds in cancer patients due to, 632–633, 638

Fentanyl, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 648–649

for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 663

Fever, in patients with advanced cancer, 579–583

causes, 580

definition, 580

pathophysiology, 579–580

prevalence, 580

sweats and, 583–586

treatment interventions, 580–583

Fibrosis, pulmonary, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

Films, transparent, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634

Fluoxetine, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 646

Fluvoxamine, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 646

Foams, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633

Functional status, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 681–682

G

Gender, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 680–681

Growth hormone, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 596

H

Home care, for child dying of cancer, 659

Hot flashes, in patients with advanced cancer, 584–586

Hydrocolloids, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633–634

Hydrofiber dressings, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 633–634

Hydrogels, for care of skin wounds in cancer patients, 634

Hydromorphone, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 649

for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 662–663

Hypersensitivity lung disease, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

I

Impact of cancer pain, assessment of, 518–519

Incontinence, skin wounds in cancer patients due to urinary or fecal, 632–633, 638

Inhaled anesthetics, for cough in cancer patients, 572

Insulin-like growth factors, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 596

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773768

Interactions. See Drug interactions.

Intraspinal opioid therapy, to reduce systemic opioid requirement, in cancer pain, 532

Irradiated skin, care of, in cancer patients, 635–636

L

Lipid-mobilizing factor, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 597

Lithium carbonate, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 693

Local anesthetics, for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 535–536

M

Malignant cutaneous wounds. See Wound care.

Medications, for palliative care in cancer patients.See Drug interactions.

Meperidine, for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 663

Metastatic cancer, uniqueness of pain in, 512–514

Methadone, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 649

for cancer pain, 543–555

clinical use of, 545–550

drug interactions, 550–552

pharmacology of, 543–545

for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 663–664

Mirtazapine, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 691

Modafinil, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 692

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer

patients, 645

Morphine, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 650

for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 662

N

Nefazodone, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 690

Neuroleptics, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 647

for palliative care of children with cancer, 667

Neuropathic pain, in advanced cancer, management of, 534–538

anticonvulsants, 534–535

antidepressants, 535

corticosteroids, 534

local anesthetics, 535–536

NMDA receptor antagonists, 536

other drug classes, 536–537

topical therapies, 537

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773 769

Neuropsychiatric issues, in advanced cancer, affective disorders, 671–700

delirium in, 701–714

NMDA receptor antagonists, for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 536

Nutritional support, for anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients, 603–605

O

Opioid responsiveness, in cancer patients, 527–529

mechanisms implicated in, 528–529

Opioids, for cancer pain management, balancing analgesia and adverse effects, 529–534

reducing systemic requirement of, 532–534

nonpharmacologic interventions for, 533–534

with coanalgesics, 532

with intraspinal opioids, 532

rotation of, 530–532

switching administration route of, 530

symptomatic management of side effects of, 529

for cough in cancer patients, 571

for dyspnea in cancer patients, 566–568

for palliative cancer pain relief in children, 662–665

dose schedules, 664–665

route and methods of administration, 664

side effects, 665

switching, 665

Oxycodone, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 649–650

for palliative pain relief in children with cancer, 662

Oxygen, for dyspnea in cancer patients, 568–569

P

P450 enzyme system, role in drug interactions in palliative cancer care, 641–645

Pain, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 682

Pain behavior, assessment of, 519–520

Pain scales, for assessment of cancer pain, 515–518

Pain, in advanced cancer, assessment of the whole person with, 511–525

after implementing a new therapy, 522–523

comprehensive assessment approach, 514–522

in demented patients, 523

initial, 522

on a routine basis, 522

uniqueness of metastatic cancer pain, 512–514

in children with, 657–670

analgesics for, mild pain, 661

moderate pain, 662

severe pain, 662–664

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773770

routes and methods of analgesic administration, 664–667

adjuvant analgesics for, 666

anticonvulsants, 666

antidepressants, 666

corticosteroids, 666

neuroleptics, 667

opioid dose schedules, 664–665

opioid side effects, 665

opioid switching, 665

psychostimulants, 666

radionuclides, 667

management of, advances in, 527–541

balancing analgesia and adverse effects, 529–534

opioid rotation, 530–532

reducing systemic opioid requirement, 532–534

switching opioid administration route, 530

symptomatic management of opioid side effects, 529

neuropathic pain, 534–538

anticonvulsants, 534–535

antidepressants, 535

corticosteroids, 534

local anesthetics, 535–536

NMDA receptor antagonists, 536

other drug classes, 536–537

topical therapies, 537

opioid responsiveness, 527–529

Palliative care. See also Cancer, advanced.

in child with cancer, 657–670

interaction of medications used in, 641–655

support for families of patients under, 745–762

Parents, of dying child, as caregivers, 658–659

Paroxetine, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 646

Patients, with cancer, communication between doctors and, 731–743

promoting patient participation in cancer consultation, 735–737

providing consultation audiotapes to, 733–735

psychologic well-being of, 737–738

research on, in palliative care, 739–741

with incurable cancer, disclosing information to, 732–733

writing letters to referring doctors, 738–739

Pediatrics, palliative care and the child with cancer, 657–670

pain relief, 661–667

analgesics for, 661–664

routes and methods of administration, 664–667

psychosocial issues and caring for dying child, 657–660

symptom management, 660–661

Pemoline, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 692

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773 771

Pericardial effusion, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 564

Physicians. See Doctors.

Pleural effusions, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 563–564

Pleurodesis, dyspnea caused by pleural effusions, in cancer patients, 563–564

Pneumonitis, radiation, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 565

Pressure ulcers. See Wound care.

Productive cough, in cancer patients, 572

Progestational drugs, for anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients, 606–607

Prognostic factors, in advanced cancer, 715–729

difficulty in using, 723–724

identified in the literature, 716–721

methodologic issues, 721–722

Prokinetic drugs, for anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients, 606

Proteolysis-inducing factor, role in cancer anorexia and cachexia, 596

Psychiatric issues, in advanced cancer, affective disorders, 671–700

delirium in, 701–714

Psychologic well-being, of cancer patients, 737–738

Psychosocial therapies, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 685

Psychostimulants, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 691–693

for palliative care of children with cancer, 666

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

Pulmonary fibrosis, and dyspnea in cancer patients, 565–566

R

Radiation pneumonitis, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 565

Radiation therapy, skin alterations due to. See Wound care.

Radionuclides, for palliative care of children with cancer, 667

Referring doctors, improving between-physician communication about cancer patients,

738–739

Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-A, for affective disorders in advanced

cancer, 693

S

Scales, pain, for assessment of cancer pain, 515–518

Sedatives, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 647

for dyspnea in cancer patients, 568

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773772

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer

patients, 646

for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 688–690

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, for affective disorders in advanced

cancer, 690

Skin wounds, in cancer patients. See Wound care.

Social support, and risk of depression in patients with advanced cancer, 681–682

SSRIs. See Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Superior vena cava syndrome, dyspnea caused by, in cancer patients, 564–565

Survivors, of cancer, research on fatigue in, 620–621

Sweats, in patients with advanced cancer, 583–586

causes, 583–584

definition, 583

prevalence, 583

treatment interventions, 584–586

T

Talc pleurodesis, dyspnea caused by pleural effusions, in cancer patients, 563–564

Topical analgesic therapies, for neuropathic pain in cancer patients, 537

Tranquilizers, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 647

for dyspnea in cancer patients, 568

Trazodone, for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 691

Tricyclic antidepressants, drug interactions with, in palliative care for cancer patients, 645

for affective disorders in advanced cancer, 686–688

U

Ulcers, pressure. See Wound care.

Urinary incontinence, skin wounds in cancer patients due to, 632–633, 638

W

Wound care, in the advanced cancer patient, 629–639

assessment, 632

care of irradiated skin, 635–636

care of malignant cutaneous wounds, 636–638

clinical features, 629–632

prognosis and treatment, 633–634

urinary or fecal incontinence and, 632–633, 638

Index / Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2002) 763–773 773