265
AAdaptations. See Mating adaptationsAdolescence
depression, 109developmental stages, biosocial family, 257endophenotype, 109epigenetics, 108–109gender, 111mediators, 109–111quantitative methods, 106–109
Adolescent development. See PubertyAge at first childbearing (AFCB) analysis
intraclass correlations, 157mean age, 155variability, 156
Alleles, 63Anastasi, A., 253Ancestral patterns, biparental care
complementarity of efforts, 125costs of care, 125–126human mating system, 124–125low parentage, 126parental effort, 125
Andraca, E., 188Angrist, J., 241Antisocial behavior
AGG, 88RB, 87
Arginine-vasopressin (AVP), 210Attachment
affiliation and child health, 209mothering, affect and attention, 10personality, and sexuality
early and late short-term mating, 165–166ecological stress, 165ISDP data, 165life history pathways, 163–164
BBeaver, M., 66Behavior genetics, 99Belsky, J., 61, 64–66, 100, 163, 166Berman, K.F., 20Biosocial family research
critical/sensitive periodsbrain modalities, 254–255stimulation and hormonal responses,
255–256developmental stages
adolescence, 257AGG and RB behavior, 257fertility schemas, 258pubertal timing effects, 257–258
duration and timingcortisol levels, 253–254persistent family role, 254
social contextual influencesConley’s perspective, 252–253diathesis-stress hypothesis, 251–252differential-susceptibility hypothesis, 252epigenetic models, 251–252heritability, 250specific genes expression, 251
temporal context factorscritical/sensitive periods, 254–256developmental stages, 256–258duration and time, 253–254evolutionary time, 258–259historical time scales, 258–259
theoretical approachesecological perspective, 248–249life course theory, 249
Biparental care, 125–126Bonacich, P., 191Borgerhoff Mulder, M., 118
Index
A. Booth et al. (eds.), Biosocial Foundations of Family Processes, National Symposium on Family Issues, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7361-0, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
266 Index
Bornstein, M.H., 4Boyce, W.T., 63Bridges, R.S., 4, 13Bronfenbrenner, U., 224, 250, 251Brown, G.R., 118Burt, S.A., 85, 88–91, 257
CCalkins, S.D., 49Cardiac vagal regulation, 54Caregiver/caregiving
behavior effects, 54cardiac vagal regulation, 52child relationships, 50infancy, 55parasympathetic nervous system, 51relationship problems, toddlerhood, 56RSA suppression, 53self-regulation, 50vagal brake, 52vagal regulation, 53–54
Caspi, A., 63, 185, 237Catechol-O-methyltransferase
(COMT) gene, 226Ceci, S.J., 224, 250, 251Chantala, K., 188Child functioning. See Caregiver/caregivingChisholm, J.S., 164Cleland, J., 174Coale, A., 174Conley, D., 231, 241Consilience efforts
evoked culturebrain modularity, 173mating markets, 172–173
love, emotion and familymonogamy, 176pair-bonding, hormones role, 176warm glows, 175, 176
schemas and the evolved brainconception, 174numeracy about children, 175preconditions, fertility decline, 174
Conway, M., 256Cortisol, 212Cushing, B.S., 39
DDepression, 109Diathesis stress, 64–65
D’Onofrio, B.M., 149, 185Donovan, W.L., 9Draper, P., 163, 166Dreher, J.C., 20Dunne, M.P., 154
EEcological stress, 165Ecological theory, 248–249Ellis, B.J., 63Endophenotype, 109England, B.G., 207, 214Epigenetics, 108–109Estrus
conflicts of interest, 137–138evidence, 136–137evolution of, 137extended sexuality, 135modification, 138–139women’s sexual arousability lost, 136
Evans, G.W., 221Evoked culture, 119, 141–142, 164–166,
172–173Evolutionary biology, 120
FFamily behavior
epigenetic regulation and family conflict, 106
functioning researchevolutionary psychology, Gangestad, 150quantitative behavior genetic studies,
153–157quasi-experimental studies, 152–153social neuroscience, mate selection,
151–152gender, 111mediators, 109–111quantitative methods, 106–109
Family influences, children’s well-beinggene-environment interaction
animal models, rhesus monkeys, 185delinquency scales, 187–188DNA methylation, 186family process variables, 190–191friend social network variables, 190–191genetic variants, 192MAOA expression, 185models, genotype effect, 192–196phenylketonuria (PKU), 184–185
267Index
school process variables, 191structural and demographic variables,
188–190genetic polymorphisms, 200–201genetics-informed social sciences
genetic propensity and confounding, 184
HER2 gene, cancer research, 184personalized medicine,
183–184Father absent home, 100Fathering behavior
glucocorticoids, 41–42juveniles protection, 36parental investment theory, 36physiological mechanism, 38–40responsiveness, 37–38
Ferguson, C.J., 66Fertility patterns.
See Reproductive strategyFiez, J.A., 256Fleming, A.S., 3, 6–8, 13, 35–38, 41, 42, 50,
57, 61–66, 110, 256Flinn, M.V., 205, 207, 213, 215,
254, 255Foraging cultures, 161Foster, H., 187
GGangestad, S.W., 117, 258Gene-environment interplay (rGE). See also
Phenotype importance, rGEAGG vs. RB, 88–90environmental influences, 78family relationships and adolescent
development, 72–73genetic vulnerability, 77genotype × environment interaction
(G × E), 76–77nonshared environmental effects, 74parent-adolescent negativity, 78plethora, 77rGE and G × E, 78twins, 75types, 73vasopressin 1a receptor (avpr1a) gene, 79voles and humans, 79
Genes, hormones, and family behaviorgender, 111mediators, 109–111quantitative methods, 106–109
Genetic-environmental (GE) interactionsanimal model deployment
advantage, 238bench science genetic pathways, 238–239model organisms, 238
attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD), 222–223
children’s well-beinganimal models, rhesus monkeys, 185delinquency scales, 187–188DNA methylation, 186family process variables, 190–191friend social network variables, 191–192genetic variants, 192MAOA expression, 185models, genotype effect, 192–196phenylketonuria (PKU), 184–185school process variables, 191structural and demographic variables, 188
chronic stress, 227–228corpse brains analysis
epigenetic programming, 244genetic expression, 243
diathesis stress, 64–65epigenetic mechanisms, 243genotype expression
allele selection, 2375-HTTLPR gene, 235–236MAOA gene, 235–236single point mutation polymorphisms
(SNIPs), 233–234stressful life events, 236
glucocorticoid receptors (GR), 227heritability estimation, 232–233histone acetylation and
DNA-methylation, 243human population studies
exogenous source of variation, 240–241phenotype effects, 242
low-vs. high-SES groupsgenetic variation, 223heterogeneity, 224–225
maltreatment and poverty, 222and parenting, 63–64polymorphism
COMT gene, 226DRD4-7R, 2265-HTTLPR, 226–227MAOA activity, 225
RNA, 232, 237, 243, 244single genes, 65–66social economic status, 77
268 Index
Genetic expression, 88–90Glauber, R., 241Glucocorticoids
fathering behavior, 41–42genetic-environmental interactions, 227stress response, child health, 212
Gobbini, M.I., 12Golbin, D., 39Gottesman, I.J., 185Guo, G., 181, 185, 221–225, 233, 250
HHagan, J., 187Haley, A., 185Hamer, D.H., 239Hannon, L., 187Harrison, T., 12Haxby, J.V., 12Haynie, D.L., 187Hensch, T.K., 255High risk-taking adaptive
strategy, 163Hormones
family behaviorgender, 111mediators, 109–111quantitative methods, 106–109
and geneticsanalogous polymorphism, 23DRD1, 24gene-independent effects, 235HTT gene, 23serotonin system, 22
mood changes, 11mothering, psychobiological
analysis, 6–7postpartum learning, 14
Hunting, as parental effort, 126–128Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis,
109–111
IInstrumental variable estimation, 241International Sexuality Description Project
(ISDP), 165
JJaffee, S., 78
KKalsbeek, W.D., 188Kane, J.B., 247Kaufman, J., 222, 251Kendler, K.S., 154Kennell, J.H., 9Kim-Cohen, J., 222Kim, P., 221Kirkpatrick, L.A., 165Klaus, M.H., 9Klorman, R., 9Kohn, P., 20Kolachana, B., 20Kramer, K.K., 39
LLaland, K.N., 118Lam, C.B., 247Langstrom, N., 149Leavitt, L.A., 9Leibenluft, E., 12Lichtenstein, P., 149Life course theory, 249Linden, D.J., 173Lleras-Muney, A., 240Low level stress adaptive strategy, 163
MMammalian paternal care
animal model, 42–43function and evolution, 36–37glucocorticoids, 41–42juveniles protection, 36parental investment theory, 36physiological mechanism, 38–40responsiveness, 37–38
Mason, K.O., 174Maternal behavior
emotion, 14–15final common path, 15–16genetics
depression risk, 19and hedonics/reward, 20–22and hormones, 22–25
neurochemistry, 15, 17–18Mating adaptations
ancestral patterns, biparental carecomplementarity of efforts, 125costs of care, 125
269Index
human mating system, 124low parentage, 126parental effort, 125
arguments of design, 122byproducts, 121–122early and late short-term mating
attachment, personality, and sexuality, 165–166
estrusconflicts of interest, 137–138evidence, 136–137evolution of, 137extended sexuality, 135modification, 138–139women’s sexual arousability lost, 136
evolutionary analysisadaptation, 119adaptiveness, 120exaptation, 120function, 119secondary adaptation, 121
evolutionary biologists identification, 122
family formation and fertility, 141–142mating markets, consilience efforts,
172, 173mutual mate choice, in human societies,
132–133parental effort adaptations
discriminative investment, psychological, 131
extra-pair copulations (EPCs), 130
testosterone levels, 129parental effort views, 126–128phylogenetic analysis, 123–124and reproduction, 118–119
McCandliss, B.D., 256McClelland, J.L., 256McGowan, P.O., 244Meaney, M.J., 244Mileva-Seitz, V., 3, 36–38, 41, 42, 50, 57,
62–66, 256Morgan, S.P., 171, 258, 259Mothering, psychobiological analysis
affect and attentionattachment, 10maternal early life adversity, 12mood changes, 11postpartum blues, 10
hormonal influencehypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA) axis, 7pregnancy, 6
infants, 4maternal genetics
depression risk, 19and hedonics/reward, 20–22and hormones, 22–25
neuroanatomy, of maternal behavioremotion, 14–15final common path, 15–16neurochemistry, 15
rats, 5reward for, 12–14role of, 4sensory/perceptual regulation
odors, human infants, 8offspring’s vocalizations, 9, 10stimulus salience, in rats, 8
thesis, 5–6
NNeiderhiser, J.M., 71, 85, 88–90, 95,
105–109, 111Neuroendocrine, 208–209Nilsson, J., 66
OOxytocin (OXT), 210
PParasympathetic influences, heart rate, 51Parental behavior
animal model, murres, 42–43physiological mechanism, 38–40
Parental investment theory, 36–37Parenting determination, role of experience,
62–63Paternal care. See Mammalian paternal carePathogen load versus dismissing romantic
attachment, 166Pedersen, N.L., 154Perry, A.N., 39Phenotype importance, rGE
AGG vs. RB, 86–88theoretical rationale, 90–91
Physical aggressive (AGG), 86
270 Index
Pluess, M., 65Price, T.S., 78Protopapas, A., 256Puberty
antecedents of variations, 99–101measurement, 101–102as transition, 96–97variations, 97–99
QQuantitative genetic studies,
family behaviorcohort analysis, AFCB, 154–157social factors, 153–154
Quasi-experimental family behavior studiescausation, 152paternal involvement and
testosterone, 153
RRatchford, M., 66Regression discontinuity (RD) designs, 241Reproductive strategy
attachment, personality, and sexuality, 163–166
early and late short-term mating, 165–166
ecological stress, 165ISDP data, 165life history pathways, 163–164
fertility variation factors, 162Rosenzweig, M.R., 255Rule-breaking (RB) forms, 86Rupp, H.A., 151, 152
SSacerdote, B., 232Sak, A., 66Sale, A., 256Scarr, S., 250Schmitt, D.P., 161Serious delinquency models, 187–188Social environment and child health
affiliationattachments, 209fMRI studies, brain activity, 210–211OXT and AVP, 210
neuroendocrine response, 208–209
physiological mechanismsneuroendocrine systems, 206social interactions, sensitivity, 207–208stress endocrinology, 206–207
stress responsefamily environment, 212–215human mind and family, 211SAM and HPA systems, 212
Socioeconomic status (SES), 223Stallings, J., 9Stearns, E., 185, 233, 250Steinberg, L., 163, 166Steroid hormones, 39–40Storey, A.E., 35, 249Stress
adaptive strategy, 163–164attachment, personality, and sexuality, 165diathesis, 64–65family environment, 212–215hormones, 41–42human mind and family, 211SAM and HPA systems, 212social contextual influences, 251–252
TTaylor, M.G., 259Thornton, L.M., 154Tinbergen, N., 207Trause, M., 9Turkheimer, E., 185
VVagal regulation
behavior effects, 54caregiver/caregiving, 53–54
Van de Walle, E., 174Vaske, J., 66Violent delinquency models, 187–188Vulnerability genes. See Alleles
WWaldman, I.D., 222Waldron, M., 185Walsh, C.J., 35, 249Weinberger, D.R., 20Wiesenfeld, A.R., 9Wilson, C., 174Wilson, E.O., 171