Index to abstract subjects

Index to Abstract Subjects

AAcromegaly

Impact of disease activity on left ventricular performance in pa-tients with acromegaly (Bruch et al). 527

ACUTE trialIncidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-

tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasper etal). 536

AdolescenceEcho-Doppler assessment of the biophysical properties of the

aorta in young patients with Marfan syndrome (Bradley et al).484

Left atrial volume is increased in children and adolescents withessential hypertension (Border et al). 481

RV DTI in Tetralogy of Fallot s/p repair—evidence of systolicand diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic children andyoung adults (Frommelt et al). 480

Adrenergic beta receptor blockadersDo beta blockers prevent hard events in patients undergoing ma-

jor noncardiac surgery? A risk stratification approach (Torresand Marwick). 513

Paradoxical improvement in the detection of coronary arterydisease by bolus injection of a beta-blocker agent at peak do-butamine-atropine stress echocardiography. Final results of asingle center trial (Tsutsui et al). 513

Aerobic exercise; see ExerciseAge factors

Diagnosis of congestive heart failure by restrictive mitral flow isage dependent (Yu et al). 535

Gender-related changes as a function of age and tissue Dopplermyocardial diastolic velocities in healthy adults (Nasser et al).531

Influence of age on diastolic mitral annular velocities by Dopplertissue imaging (Tighe et al). 495

Insights into interaction between segmental and global relax-ation abnormality: implications in age related diastolic dys-function (Takemoto et al). 493

AlbuminsSelective antisense uptake in endothelially damaged coronary ar-

teries in vivo using an intravenous dextrose albumin coatedmicrobubble targeting technique (Mahrous et al). 497

Ampulla cardiomyopathy; see Myocardial diseasesAnastomosis, surgical

Comparison of cardiac function in heart transplantation patientswith bicaval anastomosis and lower-shumway technique (Sunet al). 523

Is cardiac catheterization a prerequisite in all patients under-going a bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis? (El-Said etal). 481

AnesthesiaEffect of anesthesia on radial artery diameter (Glas et al). 538Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardio-

graphically in conscious and anesthetized mice (Ni et al). 507

Aneurysm, heart; see Heart aneurysmAngina, unstable

Relation between pattern of stress-induced ST change and coro-nary flow reserve using transthoracic Doppler echocardiogra-phy in patients with suspected microvascular angina (Park etal). 519

AngiographyNon-invasive risk stratification in uncomplicated acute coronary

syndromes is associated with less revascularization but equiv-alent outcomes to angiographic evaluation (Franklin et al).517

Transthoracic echocardiographic characteristics of Heartmateleft ventricular assist device inflow valve dysfunction (Kho-daverdian et al). 508

AngioplastyCan transmitral flow pattern after coronary angioplasty predict

left ventricular remodeling and prognosis in patients withacute myocardial infarction? (Jinyao et al). 521

Predictors of remodeling in patients undergoing acute coronaryintervention (Khoury et al). 502

AngiotensinEffect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist on left ventricular

myocardial relaxation abnormality in hypertensive patients:evaluation using a newly developed myocardial velocity pro-file (Tanaka et al). 496

AnnuloplastyEarly and late results of pericardial annuloplasty in mitral valve

repair: does pericardial annuloplasty maintain mitral annulusfunction? A 4-year three-dimensional echocardiographic fol-low-up study (De Castro et al). 525

AnticoagulantsLeft ventricular thrombus by echocardiography in dilated car-

diomyopathy: relationship to stroke and anticoagulation(Crawford et al). 504

Antisense uptake; see GeneticsAorta

Are small prosthetic aortic valves still acceptable today? (Freedet al). 543

Assessment of aortic wall expansion and contraction velocitiesin normal children analyzed by tissue Doppler imaging (Ya-suoka et al). 489

Assessment of segmental diastolic function by pulsed-wave tis-sue Doppler imaging in aortic-banded rats myocardial hyper-trophy model (Salemi et al). 530

Bicuspid aortic valve and aortic dilatation; echocardiographiccharacterization of 334 surgical patients (Novaro et al). 542

Doppler measurement of aortic flow in atrial fibrillation usingan index of preceding cardiac cycles (Sumida et al). 534

Echo-Doppler assessment of the biophysical properties of theaorta in young patients with Marfan syndrome (Bradley et al).484

Echocardiographic diagnosis of anomalous aortic origin of a cor-onary artery (Romp et al). 547

Identification of graft failure and predicting perioperative myo-

Journal of the American Society of EchocardiographyVolume 15 Number 5 Subject Index 567

cardial infarction by intraoperative contrast echocardiogra-phy using selective injection into individual aortocoronary by-pass graft (Trivedi et al). 483

Net pressure gradients in aortic prosthetic valves can be esti-mated by Doppler (Bech-Hanssen et al). 542

Aortic aneurysm, thoracicUsefulness of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography

for predicting long-term outcome of transluminal endovas-cular stent-graft repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm (Ohyamaet al). 482

Aortic coarctationDistensibility and stiffness of the aortic arch in coarctation of the

aorta (Stevenson). 546Aortic valve insufficiency

Improved activating clotting time rather than hemodynamicchanges account for decreases in paravalvular regurgitant jetsfollowing valve replacement (Firstenberg et al). 540

Aortic valve stenosisCompared to aortic stenosis, the peak pressure gradient in hy-

pertrophic cardiomyopathy overestimates the severity of leftventricular outflow obstruction (Huang et al). 527

Apical cardiomyopathy; see Myocardial diseasesArteries

Assessment of reperfusion, and identification of the infarct-re-lated artery with power pulse inversion myocardial contrastechocardiography in patients with acute ST-segment eleva-tion infarction (Main et al). 501

Demonstration of penetrating intramyocardial coronary arteriesusing high frequency transthoracic color Doppler echocar-diography predicts viability in dyssynergic myocardium (Choet al). 486


Effect of embolized sphere size in coronary artery on myocardialperfusion distribution—assessment by real-time myocardialcontrast echocardiography (MCE) (Akiyama et al). 503

A hypertensive response to exercise is associated with changesin total arterial compliance similar to those associated with es-tablished coronary artery disease (Haluska et al). 519

Intraoperative echocardiographic detection of intramyocardialcollateral flow to the right coronary artery and evaluation ofits immediate changes after coronary revascularization (Wanget al). 483

Microvascular integrity within the infarct bed prevents left ven-tricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction irrespec-tive of the initial status of the infarct-related artery (Lepper etal). 499

Selective antisense uptake in endothelially damaged coronary ar-teries in vivo using an intravenous dextrose albumin coatedmicrobubble targeting technique (Mahrous et al). 497

Slow flow on distal left anterior descending coronary arterydemonstrated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiographypredicts pathologic coronary flow dynamics (Jung et al). 521

Three-dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance angiography forevaluation of coronary arteries in pediatric patients (Su et al).481

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic measurement of flowvelocity reserve in left anterior descending coronary artery inchildren with left ventricular volume overload secondary tocongenital heart disease (Aoki et al). 545

ArteriolesCoronary arteriole plexus imaging using real-time contrast echo-

cardiography (Mild et al). 496Ascorbic acid

Ascorbic acid accelerates left atrial functional recovery follow-ing a short duration of atrial fibrillation (Yamada et al). 505

Athletes; see SportsAtresia

Morphogenetic insight in evolution of tricuspid atresia: a fetalechocardiographic study (Singh et al). 547

Atrial fibrillationAscorbic acid accelerates left atrial functional recovery follow-

ing a short duration of atrial fibrillation (Yamada et al). 505Can left atrial size predict long-term outcome in patients with

atrial fibrillation? An assessment by three-dimensional echo-cardiography (Khankirawatana and Khankirawatana). 544

Demonstration of vagally controlled ventricular rate potential in-terest during AF in chronically instrumented dogs. First ex-perience (Donal et al). 504


Impact of atrial fibrillation on mitral and tricuspid annular dilata-tion and valvular regurgitation (Zhou et al). 540

“Stunning” after a brief duration of atrial fibrillation is greater inthe left atrial appendage than left atrium (Yamada et al). 506

Ventricular rate slowing improves left atrial appendage functionin atrial fibrillation. Potential interest to vagal nerve stimula-tion to control atrio-ventricular conduction (Donal et al). 505

Atrial flutterShould transesophageal echocardiography be performed rou-

tinely in children with structural heart disease and atrial flut-ter? (Williams et al). 482

Atrial function, leftAscorbic acid accelerates left atrial functional recovery follow-

ing a short duration of atrial fibrillation (Yamada et al). 505Dobutamine improves left atrial function in patients with left

ventricular systolic dysfunction: a tissue Doppler imagingstudy (Waggoner et al). 515

Impact of restoration of normal sinus rhythm on left ventriculardiastolic and left atrial function (Khankirawatana et al). 532

Atrial septal defects; see Heart septal defects, atrialAtrium; see Heart atriumAtropine


The role of dobutamine/atropine stress echocardiography in pe-diatric patients at risk for myocardial ischemia (Dipchand etal). 514

AutomationFeasibility of automated, translation-free analysis of myocardial

contrast enhancement (Caiani et al). 501Quantification of circumferential wall motion in heart failure pa-

tients using tissue displacement imaging: second generationtissue Doppler with semi-automated Doppler angle correc-tion (Sade et al). 485

BBackscatter

Analysis of transmural trend of myocardial integrated backscat-ter in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (Hirooka etal). 532

Effect of volume loading on cyclic variation of ultrasonic inte-grated backscatter in left ventricular hypertrophy (Kunichikaet al). 533

Beta blockers; see Adrenergic beta receptor blockadersBicuspid valve; see Mitral valveBiventricular pacing; see Cardiac pacing, artificialBlood coagulation


In-vitro demonstration of binding of a novel targeted ultrasoundcontrast agent with surface ligand to glycoprotein IIb/IIIa re-ceptor to activated human platelets—implications to humanclot imaging (Karia et al). 503

Blood flow velocityApplication of flow propagation velocity and tissue Doppler im-

aging for determination of left ventricular filling pressures:role of left ventricular systolic function (Rivas-Gotz et al). 486

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography568 Subject Index May 2002


Assessment of the longitudinal (apex to base) myocardial ve-locity profile using tissue Doppler imaging in sheep withchronic myocardial infarction (Yamada et al). 522

Can transmitral flow pattern after coronary angioplasty predictleft ventricular remodeling and prognosis in patients withacute myocardial infarction? (Jinyao et al). 521

Delayed post-systolic left and right ventricular contraction in pa-tients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: implica-tions of tissue velocity studies to biventricular pacing (Sen-gupta et al). 526

Determinants of the left ventricular myocardial contractility inpatients with hypertension evaluated by newly developed av-eraged myocardial velocity profile (Kimura et al). 535

Determination of the optimal zone for flow rate calculation us-ing the inter alias method. A fluid simulation study (Coisne etal). 539



Doppler tissue velocity imaging (TVI) quantitates progressiveright ventricular dysfunction after heart transplant (HT) inchildren (Fyfe et al). 488

Echo-Doppler correlates of portal vein flow pattern in patientswith congestive heart failure (Shirwany et al). 533

Echocardiographic determination of mean pulmonary arterypressure (Abbas et al). 506

Effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist on left ventricularmyocardial relaxation abnormality in hypertensive patients:evaluation using a newly developed myocardial velocity pro-file (Tanaka et al). 496

Effect of apical segmental dysfunction on early diastolic annulartissue velocity (Migliore et al). 531

Effect of an increase in afterload on tissue Doppler derived sys-tolic myocardial velocity gradient (Yamada et al). 494

Effects of dobutamine on tissue Doppler early diastolic myo-cardial velocities in patients with left ventricular systolic dys-function (Waggoner et al). 516

Evaluation of regional diastolic velocities with dobutaminestress in normal volunteers (Akel et al). 510

The flow-function relation during acute myocardial ischemia isinviolate: reasons for the apparent disparity between the spa-tial extent of abnormal wall thickening versus infarct size atrest or perfusion abnormality at stress (Leong-Poi et al). 480

Flow propagation velocity decreases with upright tilt (Garcia etal). 532


Impact of pericardiectomy on mitral annular velocity in patientswith constrictive pericarditis (Ha et al). 548


Intra- and inter-observer variability in off-line extracted cardiactissue Doppler velocity measurements and derived variables(Gaballa et al). 487

Left ventricular outflow velocity differs between 5- and 3-cham-ber view: implications for stroke volume Doppler measure-ment (Chinali et al). 530

Left ventricular systolic asynchrony in dilated cardiomyopathyquantified by color tissue velocity imaging (Maruo et al). 525

The mechanism of characteristic phasic coronary blood flowpattern in no-reflow phenomenon (Akiyama et al). 539

Myocardial perfusion is globally impaired in acute myocardial in-farction: a real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography as-sessment (Khankirawatana et al). 480

Noninvasive assessment of myocardial ischemia and necrosis us-

ing a newly developed tissue Doppler myocardial velocityprofile (Tanaka et al). 511

Percentage contribution of isovolumetric reshaping movementto the total longitudinal A-V plane displacement (Lind et al).488

Quantification of regional myocardial function by tissue Dopp-ler imaging—velocity, strain, strain rate and tracking inhealthy subjects (Sun et al). 484

Simple and accurate method to identify early ventricular con-traction sites in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome by highframe-rate tissue velocity imaging (Miyasaka et al). 492

Temporal change in the left ventricular transmyocardial systolicvelocity profile evaluated by color tissue Doppler imaging(Tanaka et al). 534

3D characterization of pulsatile flow behaviour in the conver-gent region in a realistic in vitro model of mitral prolapse. Aparticular velocity imaging study (Coisne et al). 541


Triphasic mitral inflow velocity with mid-diastolic filling: clinicalimplications and other associated echocardiographic findings(Ha et al). 535

What parameters affect diastolic flow propagation velocity? Invitro experiments using color M-mode echocardiography(Ogawa et al). 495

Blood plateletsIn-vitro demonstration of binding of a novel targeted ultrasound

contrast agent with surface ligand to glycoprotein IIb/IIIa re-ceptor to activated human platelets—implications to humanclot imaging (Karia et al). 503

Blood pressureThe effects of variable blood pressure upon coronary flow re-

serve determined by myocardial contrast echocardiography(Yuan et al). 500

Blood volumeAssessment of myocardial blood volume can be used to discrimi-

nate between coronary artery disease and microvascular dys-function (Rinkevich et al). 498

Body compositionBody composition and left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes

(Galanti et al). 528Brain

Cerebral and peripheral tissue oxygenation changes during do-butamine infusion measured by near-infrared spectroscopy(Kamalesh et al). 515

Bundle branch blockCharacterization of mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with

left bundle branch block using quantitative tissue displace-ment imaging with tissue tracking and Doppler angle correc-tion (Sade et al). 523

CCapillaries

Assessment of myocardial blood volume can be used to discrimi-nate between coronary artery disease and microvascular dys-function (Rinkevich et al). 498

Microvascular integrity within the infarct bed prevents left ven-tricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction irrespec-tive of the initial status of the infarct-related artery (Lepper etal). 499

Cardiac catheterization; see Heart catheterizationCardiac function tests; see Heart function testsCardiac pacing, artificial

An application of a simple curvature index to quantify changesin regional LV geometry (Popovic et al). 524



Strain coefficient of variation: a novel echocardiographic indexto quantify left ventricular synchrony following cardiac resyn-chronization therapy by biventricular pacing (Popovic et al).522

Tissue Doppler quantification of delayed improvement in leftventricular longitudinal function with biventricular pacingtherapy: evidence for reverse remodeling (Kanzaki et al). 523

Cardiac surgery; see Heart surgeryCardiac transplantation; see Heart transplantationCardiac volume

Differences in left atrial volume measurements as a function ofmethodology (Ujino et al). 508


Fast and interactive volume rendering from real-time three di-mensional echocardiography (Saracino et al). 545

Left atrial minimal indexed volume distinguishes normal frompseudonormal diastolic filling (Lee et al). 523


Left atrial volume as a quantitative expression of diastolic dys-function and marker of cardiovascular risk burden (Tsang etal). 536

Left ventricular volume measurement using an automated con-tour tracking method (ACT) in animals with left ventricularaneurysm: comparison with real-time three-dimensionalechocardiography (Eto et al). 489

Marathon running results in a transient reduction in left ven-tricular volume but preserved ejection fraction in amateur ath-letes (Kean et al). 495

Three-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of aneu-rysmal left ventricular volumes in response to altered preloadand afterload states in an animal model (Khan et al). 545


Cardiomyopathies; see Myocardial diseasesCardiomyopathy, congestive

Comparative influence of dilated cardiomyopathy and mitral re-gurgitation on noninvasively obtained single-best load inde-pendent indices of ventricular contractility (Popovic et al).531


Echocardiographic predictors of mitral regurgitation in tachy-cardia-induced dilated cardiomyopathy model (Popovic et al).528

Increased mitral valve regurgitation during left ventricular dilata-tion results from alterations to the sub-valvular apparatus andnot annular dilatation (McGinley et al). 535


Left ventricular thrombus by echocardiography in dilated car-diomyopathy: relationship to stroke and anticoagulation(Crawford et al). 504

Localization, characterization, and quantification of post-sys-tolic contraction with tissue Doppler echocardiography arefeasible in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (Saha et al).528

Quantitative geometric, morphologic and functional analysis ofnon-compaction of the left ventricle in adults and comparisonto idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (Sengupta et al). 525

Cardiomyopathy, diabeticDiastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic normotensive diabetic

patients; improved diagnosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy bytissue Doppler imaging (Boyer et al). 493

The prevalence of diabetic cardiomyopathy in subjects with dia-betes mellitus (Srivastava et al). 533

Cardiomyopathy, hypertrophicAbnormal wall motion in children with hypertrophic cardio-

myopathy—can tissue Doppler improve early diagnosis inchildren with familial predisposition? (Pauliks et al). 528

Acute effect of non-surgical septal reduction therapy on regionalleft ventricular asynergy and asynchrony in patients with hy-pertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (Park et al). 527

Compared to aortic stenosis, the peak pressure gradient in hy-pertrophic cardiomyopathy overestimates the severity of leftventricular outflow obstruction (Huang et al). 527

Contrast echocardiography is comparable to magnetic reso-nance imaging for left ventricular thickness in patients withapical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Eriksson et al). 529

Decreased subendocardial contractility in hypertrophic cardio-myopathy: regional quantification with newly developed an-gle-corrected tissue strain imaging (Maruo et al). 488

Echocardiographic assessment of abnormal regional myocardialstrain in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Yang etal). 485

Left ventricular remodeling after percutaneous transluminal sep-tal myocardial ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstruc-tive cardiomyopathy, real-time 3D and 2D echo studies (Qinet al). 537

Stress echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardio-myopathy: is it safe? (Drinko et al). 526

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increased di-astolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hypertro-phic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease(Mahenthiran et al). 529

Cardiomyopathy, ischemicLong term predictors of death in medically treated patients with

ischemic cardiomyopathy: a dobutamine stress echocardio-graphic study (Katari et al). 512

CardioSEAL device; see Equipment and suppliesCardiovascular diseases

Improving prediction of cardiovascular risk: the importance ofultrasound-determined vascular age (Fraizer et al). 509


Cardioversion; see Electric countershockCarvedilol

Assessment of the magnitude and time course of improvementin echo score in heart failure patients receiving carvedilol us-ing contractile reserve status (Seghatol et al). 517

Caseload; see WorkloadCatecholamines

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction provoked by catechol-amine infusion in acute myocardial infarction: mechanistic in-sights from animal experiment (Shiki et al). 541

Cavopulmonary anastomosis; see Anastomosis, surgicalCells

Strain-rate measurements of post-systolic shortening during ex-perimentally impaired cellular energetics may represent con-served elastance in viable tissue (Anagnostopoulos et al). 485

Cerebrovascular disordersFunctional morphology of patent foramen ovale by 3-D echocar-

diography in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Ahsan et al).543


3-D echocardiography of patent foramen ovale and the Cardi-oSEAL device in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Surabhi etal). 489

Cerebrum; see BrainChagas’ disease

Myocardial ultrasonic tissue characterization in patients withChagas’ disease (Pazin-Filho et al). 525


Chest painDetection of transient wall motion abnormalities in patients

with chest pain syndromes using a novel ultrasound trans-ducer (Anthony et al). 490

The incremental prognostic value of dobutamine stress echocar-diography in chest pain unit patients with negative troponinlevels in predicting in hospital and short term cardiac events(Dolan et al). 516

Circadian rhythmMorning attenuation and circadian variation in coronary flow re-

serve in healthy volunteers: assessment with transthoracicDoppler echocardiography (Toyoda et al). 521

Clotting, blood; see Blood coagulationComputers

Remote internet-based access of echocardiography informationsystem—two year experience (Hu et al). 507

A system for real-time, interactive remote echocardiography us-ing internet based streaming methodologies (Narayan et al).490

Congenital heart disease; see Heart defects, congenitalCongestive heart failure; see Heart failure, congestiveContractile reserve

Assessment of the magnitude and time course of improvementin echo score in heart failure patients receiving carvedilol us-ing contractile reserve status (Seghatol et al). 517

Contraction, myocardial; see Myocardial contractionContrast echocardiography; see Echocardiography, contrastCoronary angiography


Coronary arteries; see ArteriesCoronary arteriosclerosis

Role of diabetes mellitus and renal failure in the patho-anatomyof coronary atherosclerosis: an intravascular ultrasound study(Kahlon et al). 539

Coronary artery bypassIdentification of graft failure and predicting perioperative myo-


Randomized comparison of left ventricular regional wall motionin CABG and OPCAB patients (Glas et al). 538

Coronary circulationDoes coronary flow velocity reserve reflect the residual viability

in patients with old myocardial infarction? TransthoracicDoppler echocardiographic study (Watanabe et al). 491

The effects of variable blood pressure upon coronary flow re-serve determined by myocardial contrast echocardiography(Yuan et al). 500

Has sildenafil any effect on coronary flow? Non invasive assess-ment (Baratta et al). 520


The mechanism of characteristic phasic coronary blood flowpattern in no-reflow phenomenon (Akiyama et al). 539

Morning attenuation and circadian variation in coronary flow re-serve in healthy volunteers: assessment with transthoracicDoppler echocardiography (Toyoda et al). 521

Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow reserve in patientswith mitral regurgitation relates to the incidence of conges-tive heart failure (Katayama et al). 541

Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity pattern in pa-tients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction can predicthemodynamics and hospitalization period (Katayama et al).520

Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve bytransthoracic Doppler echocardiography in the everyday

echo—laboratory practice experience on 1000 studies (Lo-wenstein et al). 518



Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increased di-astolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hypertro-phic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease (Ma-henthiran et al). 529

Coronary diseaseAssessment of myocardial blood volume can be used to discrimi-

nate between coronary artery disease and microvascular dys-function (Rinkevich et al). 498

Echocardiographic predictors of mortality in patients with leftventricular hypertrophy and suspected or known coronary ar-tery disease (Elhendy et al). 515

False positive result of exercise stress echocardiography to de-tect coronary artery disease in patients with normal restingleft ventricular wall motion (Shin et al). 519


Incremental value of supine bicycle exercise echocardiographyover treadmill exercise echocardiography in evaluation of pa-tients with suspected coronary artery disease (Modesto et al).517

Myocardial contrast echocardiography is superior to SPECT inpredicting outcome in patients with suspected coronary dis-ease (Schnell et al). 504

Non-invasive risk stratification in uncomplicated acute coronarysyndromes is associated with less revascularization but equiva-lent outcomes to angiographic evaluation (Franklin et al). 517


Parametric quantification of myocardial perfusion using trig-gered replenishment imaging in patients with suspected coro-nary artery disease (Yu et al). 502

Patients with normal resting function need only undergo stressmyocardial contrast echocardiographic imaging for detectionof coronary disease (Wei et al). 498

Prediction of cardiac death in hypertensive patients with sus-pected coronary artery disease (Marwick et al). 514

Real-time volume rendered 3D dobutamine stress echocardiog-raphy: further improvements in detection of coronary arterydisease (Ahmad and Xie). 544

Repeated dobutamine stress echocardiography attenuates thewall motion abnormalities due to ischemia in patients withcoronary artery disease (Takaiwa et al). 518


Tissue tracking obtained quantification of left ventricular lon-gitudinal motion may offer a rapid choice for diagnosis ofstress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with triple ves-sel disease (Saha et al). 520

Coronary reperfusion; see Myocardial reperfusionCoronary stenosis

Noninvasive detection of in-stent coronary restenosis by trans-thoracic Doppler echocardiography (Watanabe et al). 485

Coronary thrombosisImprovement in myocardial reperfusion with a new thrombo-

lytic strategy using antagonists of the platelet P2T receptor.A real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography study inthe canine coronary thrombosis model (Carneiro et al). 498

Cryptogenic stroke; see Cerebrovascular disorders


DDeath

Long term predictors of death in medically treated patients withischemic cardiomyopathy: a dobutamine stress echocardio-graphic study (Katari et al). 512

Mitral inflow Doppler parameters in predicting death or hearttransplant in patients with congestive heart failure (Ahmad etal). 505


Dextrose; see GlucoseDiabetes mellitus

Diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic normotensive diabeticpatients; improved diagnosis of diabetic cardiomyopathy bytissue Doppler imaging (Boyer et al). 493


Prognostic value of dobutamine stress echocardiography in pa-tients with diabetes mellitus (Sozzi et al). 518

Quantitative assessment the sequence of left ventricular wallcontraction using M-mode tissue Doppler imaging (Li et al).512


Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependentImpaired early diastolic filling in type 2 diabetes mellitus is asso-

ciated with left ventricular systolic disturbances: preliminaryresults of the Myocardial Doppler in Diastole (MYDID) Study(Govind et al). 532

Diabetic cardiomyopathy; see Cardiomyopathy, diabeticDiagnosis, differential

Contrast echocardiographic perfusion imaging as a tool to differ-entiate intracardiac thrombi from tumors (Bednarz et al). 503

Differentiation of pulmonary embolism from right ventricular in-farction by TEI index (Toyonaga et al). 536

Is diastolic heart failure a diagnosis of exclusion? Echocardio-graphic parameters of diastolic dysfunction in patients withheart failure and normal systolic function (Mottram andMarwick). 531

Diagnostic errorsDoes daily caseload volume impact diagnostic accuracy in inter-

pretation of pediatric echocardiograms? (Michelfelder et al).506

DiastoleAssessment of segmental diastolic function by pulsed-wave tis-

sue Doppler imaging in aortic-banded rats myocardial hyper-trophy model (Salemi et al). 530

Can color M-mode and tissue Doppler imaging be acquired morereliably than conventional diastolic indices in systolic heartfailure? (Martin et al). 487


Diastolic suction is a major determinant of aerobic exercise ca-pacity in heart failure patients (Rovner et al). 479


The effect of load alteration on the TEI index and diastolic fillingpattern in a canine model of LV dysfunction (Lavine andPrcevski). 530



Flow propagation velocity decreases with upright tilt (Garcia etal). 532





Impaired early diastolic filling in type 2 diabetes mellitus is asso-ciated with left ventricular systolic disturbances: preliminaryresults of the Myocardial Doppler in Diastole (MYDID) Study(Govind et al). 532



Is diastolic heart failure a diagnosis of exclusion? Echocardio-graphic parameters of diastolic dysfunction in patients withheart failure and normal systolic function (Mottram and Mar-wick). 531



Prediction of early and late congestive heart failure post myocar-dial infarction using the transmitral diastolic filling pattern (La-vine). 537


Tissue Doppler imaging detects systolic and diastolic abnormali-ties in young obese women (Peterson et al). 533

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increased di-astolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hypertro-phic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease (Ma-henthiran et al). 529



Dilated cardiomyopathy; see Cardiomyopathy, congestiveDobutamine

The biphasic response during dobutamine stress echocardiogra-phy is the strongest predictor of cardiovascular mortality(Singh et al). 511

Can accentuated regional strain rate response during peak do-butamine stress echocardiography exclude myocardial isch-emia? (Saha et al). 515

Can tissue Doppler imaging be an objective measurement dur-ing dobutamine stress echocardiography in assessing normaland abnormal left ventricular function? (Bierig et al). 512


Dobutamine improves left atrial function in patients with leftventricular systolic dysfunction: a tissue Doppler imagingstudy (Waggoner et al). 515

Dobutamine stress echocardiographic assessment of cardiacfunction in adult rats (Morehead et al). 488

Effective pre-discharge triage at the emergency room with do-butamine stress echocardiography and cardiac troponin T(Bholasingh et al). 516



Feasibility of performing real-time myocardial contrast echocar-


diography during dobutamine stress echocardiography(Bierig et al). 513



Outcomes of patients with submaximal dobutamine echocardio-gram undergoing non-cardiac surgery (Goldstein et al). 510




Pulsed tissue Doppler for assessment of regional right ventric-ular response to dobutamine stress (Akel et al). 514

Quantification of the normal regional ventricular functional re-sponse to dobutamine stress using second-generation tissueDoppler with angle correction and tissue tracking (Katz et al).510



The role of dobutamine/atropine stress echocardiography in pe-diatric patients at risk for myocardial ischemia (Dipchand etal). 514


Usefulness of myocardial strain rate imaging in detecting re-gional ischemic myocardium during dobutamine stress echo-cardiography (Miyasaka et al). 492

Doppler echocardiography; see Echocardiography, DopplerDoppler tissue imaging

Abnormal wall motion in children with hypertrophic cardio-myopathy—can tissue Doppler improve early diagnosis inchildren with familial predisposition? (Pauliks et al). 528

Application of flow propagation velocity and tissue Doppler im-aging for determination of left ventricular filling pressures:role of left ventricular systolic function (Rivas-Gotz et al). 486




Assessment of transmural myocardial strain gradient using colorM-mode strain imaging (Nakatani et al). 491


Can tissue Doppler imaging be an objective measurement dur-ing dobutamine stress echocardiography in assessing normaland abnormal left ventricular function (Bierig et al). 512

Characterization of mechanical dyssynchrony in patients withleft bundle branch block using quantitative tissue displace-ment imaging with tissue tracking and Doppler angle correc-tion (Sade et al). 523

Contrast superharmonic imaging: a new specific contrast im-aging method (Ten Cate et al). 499




Doppler myocardial imaging DMI in hyperthyroidism (Gaballaet al). 491







Image processing renders tissue Doppler obsolete? (Janerot-Sjoberg et al). 487




Intra- and inter-observer variability in off-line extracted cardiactissue Doppler velocity measurements and derived variables(Gaballa et al). 487

Intracardiac ultrasound measurement of myocardial strain rateand strain differentiates viable from infarcted myocardium(Pislaru et al). 484


Noninvasive assessment of myocardial ischemia and necrosis us-ing a newly developed tissue Doppler myocardial velocityprofile (Tanaka et al). 511

Novel index for evaluating wall motion abnormality using newlydeveloped angle-corrected tissue strain imaging (Tabata et al).496

Pseudonormalization of Doppler TEI index in patients with se-vere right ventricular infarction: isovolumetric contraction torelaxation time ratio as a new diagnostic tool (Yoshifuku etal). 511


Quantification of circumferential wall motion in heart failure pa-tients using tissue displacement imaging: second generationtissue Doppler with semi-automated Doppler angle correc-tion (Sade et al). 485

Quantification of left atrial function by tissue Doppler: atrialstrain rate can reliably assess atrial function (Khankirawatanaet al). 492


Quantification of regional myocardial function by tissue Dopp-


ler imaging—velocity, strain, strain rate and tracking inhealthy subjects (Sun et al). 484

Quantitative analysis of the left ventricular segmental contractil-ity in the normal subjects using newly developed angle-cor-rected tissue strain imaging (Tabata et al). 490



Strain rate imaging in surgically repaired Tetralogy of Fallot pa-tients (Khan et al). 546




Tissue Doppler quantification of delayed improvement in leftventricular longitudinal function with biventricular pacingtherapy: evidence for reverse remodeling (Kanzaki et al). 523

Tissue tracking based on tissue Doppler—an improved methodto evaluate left ventricular regional myocardial dysfunction(Sun et al). 492


Ductus arteriosus, patentWhen does the patent ductus arteriosus normally close in new-

borns? (Sun et al). 508

EEchocardiography, child


Assessment of aortic wall expansion and contraction velocitiesin normal children analyzed by tissue Doppler imaging(Yasuoka et al). 489

Does daily caseload volume impact diagnostic accuracy in inter-pretation of pediatric echocardiograms? (Michelfelder et al).506

Does ventricular remodeling influence the degree of mitral re-gurgitation in children with left ventricular dysfunction? (Taniet al). 547




Is cardiac catheterization a prerequisite in all patients under-going a bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis? (El-Said etal). 481

Is the Tei index useful in patients with significant pulmonary re-gurgitation? (Paul et al). 482


Myocardial Performance Index in pediatric heart transplant pa-tients without endomyocardial rejection (Prakash et al). 493

Non-invasive detection of heart transplant rejection with tissueDoppler echocardiography in children—myocardial accelera-tion during isovolumic contraction is a useful new marker(Pauliks et al). 484

Peak systolic strain rate accurately reflects changes in regional

systolic function in the immature heart of lambs (Banerjee etal). 480

Rapid assessment of ventricular function with SENSE MRI in pe-diatric patients with cardiomyopathy—a preliminary studywith comparison to echocardiography (Pignatelli et al). 526

Right ventricular myocardial performance index correlates toexercise capacity following repair of Tetralogy of Fallot(Michelfelder et al). 481

The role of dobutamine/atropine stress echocardiography in pe-diatric patients at risk for myocardial ischemia (Dipchandet al). 514


Should transesophageal echocardiography be performed rou-tinely in children with structural heart disease and atrial flut-ter? (Williams et al). 482



Echocardiography, contrastAssessment of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

with microbubbles targeted to alpha V-integrins (Leong-Poiet al). 497





Coronary arteriole plexus imaging using real-time contrast echo-cardiography (Mild et al). 496

Does bubble destruction influence the assessment of replen-ishment kinetics using power pulse inversion imaging?(Veltmann et al). 500

Does real time perfusion during stress echocardiography in-crease the detection of viable myocardium in patients withresting wall motion abnormalities? (Dolan et al). 502

Dynamics of ischemia-reperfusion injury evaluated by real-timemyocardial contrast echocardiography: protective effects ofa novel endothelin antagonist BSF 461314 (Hansen et al). 500


The effect of mechanical index in detecting myocardial perfu-sion abnormalities in the parasternal short axis with real timepulse inversion Doppler (Porter et al). 498

Effect of nitroglycerine on myocardial microcirculation: assess-ment by myocardial contrast echocardiography (Bin et al).500

Effects of contrast enhancement on color kinesis indices of re-gional left ventricular wall motion (Mor-Avi et al). 501

The effects of variable blood pressure upon coronary flow re-serve determined by myocardial contrast echocardiography(Yuan et al). 500

Evaluation of no-reflow myocardial perfusion by myocardialcontrast echocardiography in patients after revascularization(Shu et al). 522

Feasibility of automated, translation-free analysis of myocardialcontrast enhancement (Caiani et al). 501

Feasibility of performing real-time myocardial contrast echocar-


diography during dobutamine stress echocardiography(Bierig et al). 513

Identification of graft failure and predicting perioperative myo-cardial infarction by intraoperative contrast echocardiogra-phy using selective injection into individual aortocoronary by-pass graft (Trivedi et al). 483

Imagent improves endocardial border delineation and the ac-curacy of segmental wall motion assessment (Nanda et al).502

Improvement in myocardial reperfusion with a new thrombo-lytic strategy using antagonists of the platelet P2T receptor.A real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography study inthe canine coronary thrombosis model (Carneiro et al). 498


The long term effect of transthoracic low frequency ultrasoundand intravenous microbubbles on myocardial salvage in acutemyocardial infarction (Porter et al). 497


Myocardial contrast echocardiography using intravenous oc-tafluoropropane (Optison) and real time perfusion imagingpredicts viability following acute myocardial infarction (Hilliset al). 503




Quantitative assessment of regional LV wall motion in patientswith poor acoustic windows using analysis of contrast-en-hanced color kinesis images (DeCara et al). 486

Quantitative diagnosis of apical cardiomyopathy using contrastechocardiography (Ward et al). 526

Reliability of perfusion indices of replenishment curve in real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography in vivo and sim-ulation study (Ohtani et al). 499


Shell surface charge influences the microvascular behavior ofmicrobubbles and the myocardial contrast effect (Fisher et al).479

Simultaneous quantification of myocardial perfusion and re-gional LV function using color-encoded contrast-enhancedpower modulation imaging (Mor-Avi et al). 501

Transient wall motion abnormality and prolonged impairmentof sympathetic nervous system in patients with ampulla car-diomyopathy: assessment of myocardial perfusion using myo-cardial contrast echo and cardiac nuclear imaging (Okadaet al). 529

Ultrasound-targeted antisense oligonucleotide attenuates isch-emia/reperfusion-induced myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Erikson et al). 497

Visualization of risk area myocardium following coronary occlu-sion/reperfusion using “hot spot” myocardial contrast echo-cardiography (Kunichika et al). 499

Echocardiography, DopplerDemonstration of penetrating intramyocardial coronary arteries

using high frequency transthoracic color Doppler echocar-diography predicts viability in dyssynergic myocardium(Cho et al). 486

Determination of the optimal zone for flow rate calculation us-ing the inter alias method. A fluid simulation study (Coisne etal). 539

Distensibility and stiffness of the aortic arch in coarctation of theaorta (Stevenson). 546

Does coronary flow velocity reserve reflect the residual viabilityin patients with old myocardial infarction? TransthoracicDoppler echocardiographic study (Watanabe et al). 491





Flow propagation velocity decreases with upright tilt (Garciaet al). 532

Has sildenafil any effect on coronary flow? Non invasive assess-ment (Baratta et al). 520


Impact of percardiectomy on mitral annular velocity in patientswith constrictive percarditis (Ha et al). 548


Left ventricular filling pressure assessed by color DopplerM-mode echocardiography (Greenberg et al). 494



Long-term outcome for patients with a relaxation abnormality(Heidenreich et al). 524

The mechanism responsible for “false positive” myocardial per-fusion defects identified with pulse inversion Doppler and in-travenous ultrasound contrast during stress echocardiogra-phy (Porter et al). 517

Mitral inflow Doppler parameters in predicting death or hearttransplant in patients with congestive heart failure (Ahmad etal). 505





Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve bytransthoracic Doppler echocardiography in the everydayecho—laboratory practice experience on 1000 studies(Lowenstein et al). 518


Relation between pattern of stress-induced ST change and coro-nary flow reserve using transthoracic Doppler echocardiogra-phy in patients with suspected microvascular angina (Parket al). 519

Serial assessment of cardiac function in rats using echocardiogra-phy (Greenberg et al). 547

Slow flow on distal left anterior descending coronary artery


demonstrated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiographypredicts pathologic coronary flow dynamics (Jung et al). 521


Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increased di-astolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hyper-trophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease(Mahenthiran et al). 529


Echocardiography, fetalMorphogenetic insight in evolution of tricuspid atresia: a fetal

echocardiographic study (Singh et al). 547Echocardiography, intracardiac


Echocardiography, intraoperativeBicuspid aortic valve and aortic dilatation; echocardiographic

characterization of 334 surgical patients (Novaro et al). 542Identification of graft failure and predicting perioperative myo-



Intraoperative transesophageal compared with postoperativetransthoracic echocardiograms to detect residual gradients inpatients operated on of ventricular outflow obstruction (Lealet al). 538

Right ventricular dysfunction on pre-operative TEE is a predictorof poor outcomes of cardiac surgery (Barbarash et al). 483

Substernal epicardial echocardiography (SEE): feasibility and in-dications for a new technique (Kronzon et al). 482

Usefulness of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographyfor predicting long-term outcome of transluminal endovas-cular stent-graft repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm (Ohyamaet al). 482

Echocardiography, M-modeAssessment of transmural myocardial strain gradient using color

M-mode strain imaging (Nakatani et al). 491Can color M-mode and tissue Doppler imaging be acquired more

reliably than conventional diastolic indices in systolic heartfailure? (Martin et al). 487


Parametric cardiac imaging in the form of curved M-mode tissuetracking improves both temporal and spatial resolution in onesingle image (Brodin et al). 491


Rapid modeling and echocardiographic detection of left ventric-ular hypertrophy in mice: strain-dependent effects (Zuckeret al). 537


Echocardiography, stressAbnormal left ventricular mass and geometry in normotensive

patients with a hypertensive response to exercise (Gonzalezet al). 509

Abnormal left ventricular mass and geometry in patients withtreated and “controlled” hypertension compared to normalpatients: added value of exercise testing (Gonzalez et al). 519

Assessment of the magnitude and time course of improvement

in echo score in heart failure patients receiving carvedilol us-ing contractile reserve status (Seghatol et al). 517

The biphasic response during dobutamine stress echocardiogra-phy is the strongest predictor of cardiovascular mortality(Singh et al). 511


Can tissue Doppler imaging be an objective measurement dur-ing dobutamine stress echocardiography in assessing normaland abnormal left ventricular function? (Bierig et al). 512


Detection of acute myocardial ischemia during pharmacologicalstress: analysis of left ventricular asynchrony using Fourierphase imaging (Hansen et al). 510



Does echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in the ab-sence of electrocardiographic evidence of hypertrophy iden-tify patients with false positive treadmill electrocardiograms?(Lewis et al). 516





Extent of ischemic wall motion abnormality as a predictor ofprognosis: a stress echocardiographic study (Yao et al). 514


Feasibility of performing real-time myocardial contrast echocar-diography during dobutamine stress echocardiography(Bierig et al). 513







Outcome of patients with false positive exercise echocardio-grams (Barretto et al). 518













Stress echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardio-myopathy: is it safe? (Drinko et al). 526



Echocardiography, three-dimensionalAnti-p-selectin prevent myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury:

a real-time 3D and 2D echocardiographic assessment (Etoet al). 511

Can left atrial size predict long-term outcome in patients withatrial fibrillation? An assessment by three-dimensional echo-cardiography (Khankirawatana and Khankirawatana). 544

Early and late results of pericardial annuloplasty in mitral valverepair: does pericardial annuloplasty maintain mitral annulusfunction? A 4-year three-dimensional echocardiographic fol-low-up study (De Castro et al). 525

Enhanced detection of inferoposterior ischemia by real-time 3-Dechocardiography; comparison with 2-D echocardiography(Xie et al). 543

Fast and interactive volume rendering from real-time three di-mensional echocardiography (Saracino et al). 545

Functional morphology of patent foramen ovale by 3-D echocar-diography in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Ahsan et al).543

Geometric changes of mitral annulus during systole assessed byreal-time 3D echocardiography: flattened and elongated in theantero-posterior direction in proportion to global LV systolicfunction (Kwan et al). 544



Localization of two separated heads of a papillary muscle usingreal-time 3D echocardiography (Kwan et al). 544

Non-compressibility of myocardium during systole using free-hand three-dimensional echocardiography (El-Khoury Coffinet al). 545

Non-invasive estimation of end systolic elastance (Ees) using theratio of end systolic pressure of end systolic volume with 3DE:an accurate method in non-dilated hearts (El-Khoury Coffinet al). 543


3D characterization of pulsatile flow behaviour in the conver-gent region in a realistic in vitro model of mitral prolapse. Aparticular velocity imaging study (Coisne et al). 541


3-D echocardiography of patent foramen ovale and the Cardio-SEAL device in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Surabhiet al). 489

Echocardiography, transesophagealAcute structural right ventricular changes in a porcine model of

pulmonary embolism (an echocardiographic study) (Mercedet al). 524


The “crossed swords” sign: clue to bileaflet involvement andneed for repair in mitral valve prolapse (Beeri et al). 537

Echocardiography in critically ill patients in operative intensivecare units: diagnostic usefulness and impact on management(Bruch et al). 538


Incidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasperet al). 536



Male gender confers a high likelihood of a positive finding of acardiac source of embolism on transesophageal echocardi-ography (Vlassak et al). 504

Prognostic significance of patent foramen ovale on transesopha-geal echo in young patients with neurological ischemicevents. What is the long-term risk of recurrence? (Labib et al).505




Usefulness of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographyfor predicting long-term outcome of transluminal endovas-cular stent-graft repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm (Ohyamaet al). 482

Echocardiography, transthoracicThe ability of novice ultrasonographers with minimal training to

acquire technically adequate echocardiographic images un-


der real time guidance may make ultrasound imaging feasiblein remote places such as in space (Troughton et al). 548

Antero-posterior left atrial diameter measured by transthoracicechocardiography does not accurately estimate the left atrialsize (Loghin et al). 507



Echocardiography in critically ill patients in operative intensivecare units: diagnostic usefulness and impact on management(Bruch et al). 538






Noninvasive assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve bytransthoracic Doppler echocardiography in the everydayecho—laboratory practice experience on 1000 studies (Lo-wenstein et al). 518




Substernal epicardial echocardiography (SEE): feasibility and in-dications for a new technique (Kronzon et al). 482

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increaseddiastolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hyper-trophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease(Mahenthiran et al). 529

Transthoracic echocardiographic characteristics of Heartmateleft ventricular assist device inflow valve dysfunction(Khodaverdian et al). 508

Transthoracic echocardiography in routine assessment ofvented electric HeartMate left ventricular assist device func-tion (Horton et al). 507

Echocardiography, two-dimensionalAnti-p-selectin prevent myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury:

a real-time 3D and 2D echocardiographic assessment (Eto etal). 511

Echo elastography: a novel method for quantitative real-timetwo-dimensional cardiac strain imaging (Breburda et al). 486


Estimation of right ventricular free wall mass in humans by two-dimensional echocardiography (Pontes et al). 506


Left ventricular remodeling after percutaneous transluminal sep-tal myocardial ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstruc-

tive cardiomyopathy, real-time 3D and 2D echo studies (Qinet al). 537

Rapid modeling and echocardiographic detection of left ventric-ular hypertrophy in mice: strain-dependent effects (Zucker etal). 537

Echocardiography, utilizationAcquisition variability of left ventricular echocardiographic

measurements in markedly obese and lean subjects (deZuttere et al). 509

Combined echocardiographic measures of biventricular func-tion are of additive prognostic value in patients with severeheart failure (Zahid et al). 529

Consecutive 1,127 therapeutic echocardiographically-guidedpericardiocenteses: lessons learned from 21 years (Tsanget al). 527

Delayed post-systolic left and right ventricular contraction in pa-tients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: implica-tions of tissue velocity studies to biventricular pacing(Sengupta et al). 526



Echocardiographic features of the modified Norwood operationusing right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit (Mahleet al). 546






Quantitative functional analysis of regionally inhibited myocar-dial energy metabolism by echocardiographic strain rate anal-ysis (Belohlavek et al). 524

Real-time echocardiographic evaluation during patient trans-port (Garrett et al). 487

Remote echocardiography using very small aperture terminal(VSAT) satellite transmission for real-time support of mass ca-sualty and humanitarian relief efforts (Huffer et al). 493



A system for real-time, interactive remote echocardiography us-ing internet based streaming methodologies (Narayan et al).490

Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardio-graphically in conscious and anesthetized mice (Ni et al). 507

Echocardiography elastography; see Echocardiography, two-dimensional

EducationThe ability of novice ultrasonographers with minimal training to

acquire technically adequate echocardiographic images un-der real time guidance may make ultrasound imaging feasiblein remote places such as in space (Troughton et al). 548

Ejection fractionCombined application of left ventricular TEI index and ejection

fraction to identify patients with high, intermediate, and low


risk to develop complications after acute myocardial infarc-tion (Yuasa et al). 513


Noninvasive classification of patients with acute myocardial in-farction into high, intermediate, and low risk group for con-gestive heart failure by combined application of TEI index andleft ventricular ejection fraction (Takasaki et al). 520

Electric countershockIncidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-

tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasperet al). 536

ElectrocardiographyAssessment of reperfusion, and identification of the infarct-re-

lated artery with power pulse inversion myocardial contrastechocardiography in patients with acute ST-segment eleva-tion infarction (Main et al). 501



EmbolismEffect of embolized sphere size in coronary artery on myocardial

perfusion distribution—assessment by real-time myocardialcontrast echocardiography (MCE) (Akiyama et al). 503

Incidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasperet al). 536

Male gender confers a high likelihood of a positive finding of acardiac source of embolism on transesophageal echocardi-ography (Vlassak et al). 504

EmbryoImproved cardiac imaging of mouse embryos with CHIRP-en-

hanced high frequency ultrasound: another step towards dy-namic ultrasonic microscopy for study of transgenic models(Leatherbury et al). 483

Emergency service, hospitalEffective pre-discharge triage at the emergency room with do-

butamine stress echocardiography and cardiac troponin T(Bholasingh et al). 516

EndocardiumImagent improves endocardial border delineation and the ac-

curacy of segmental wall motion assessment (Nanda et al).502

EndothelinsDynamics of ischemia-reperfusion injury evaluated by real-time

myocardial contrast echocardiography: protective effects ofa novel endothelin antagonist BSF 461314 (Hansen et al). 500

EndotheliumAssessment of two measurement methods to determine endo-

thelial-dependent vasodilation by vascular ultrasound (Ar-rowood et al). 508


Energy metabolismQuantitative functional analysis of regionally inhibited myocar-

dial energy metabolism by echocardiographic strain rate anal-ysis (Belohlavek et al). 524

EpoprostenolRight ventricular performance index does not reflect clinical im-

provements in epoprostenol treated pulmonary arterial hy-pertension (Nath et al). 534

Equipment and suppliesAn application of a simple curvature index to quantify changes

in regional LV geometry (Popovic et al). 524Substernal epicardial echocardiography (SEE): feasibility and in-

dications for a new technique (Kronzon et al). 4823-D echocardiography of patent foramen ovale and the Cardio-

SEAL device in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Surabhiet al). 489

ExerciseDiastolic suction is a major determinant of aerobic exercise ca-

pacity in heart failure patients (Rovner et al). 479Right ventricular myocardial performance index correlates to

exercise capacity following repair of Tetralogy of Fallot(Michelfelder et al). 481

Exercise testAbnormal left ventricular mass and geometry in normotensive






Impact of atrio-ventricular compliance and valve structure onexercise capacity. Echocardiographic study about 35 womenwith mitral stenosis (Donal et al). 540



Relation of serial changes in left ventricular function and in exer-cise performance in patients with chronic congestive heartfailure and their prognostic significance (Moreo et al). 530

FFalse positive reactions




Familial predisposition; see Hereditary diseasesFlow velocity; see Blood flow velocity

GGender; see SexGenetics

Morphogenetic insight in evolution of tricuspid atresia: a fetalechocardiographic study (Singh et al). 547



GlucoseSelective antisense uptake in endothelially damaged coronary ar-


teries in vivo using an intravenous dextrose albumin coatedmicrobubble targeting technique (Mahrous et al). 497

GlycoproteinsIn-vitro demonstration of binding of a novel targeted ultrasound


Incidence of early left ventricular thrombus after acute myo-cardial infarction in the era of primary coronary interventionand glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (Rehan et al). 521

Graft rejectionMyocardial Performance Index in pediatric heart transplant pa-

tients without endomyocardial rejection (Prakash et al). 493Non-invasive detection of heart transplant rejection with tissue

Doppler echocardiography in children-myocardial accelera-tion during isovolumic contraction is a useful new marker(Pauliks et al). 484

GuidelinesStress echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardio-

myopathy: is it safe? (Drinko et al). 526

HHeart aneurysm



Heart assist devicesTransthoracic echocardiographic characteristics of Heart-

mate left ventricular assist device inflow valve dysfunction(Khodaverdian et al). 508

Transthoracic echocardiography in routine assessment ofvented electric HeartMate left ventricular assist device func-tion (Horton et al). 507

Heart atriumAntero-posterior left atrial diameter measured by transthoracic

echocardiography does not accurately estimate the left atrialsize (Loghin et al). 507

Can left atrial size predict long-term outcome in patients withatrial fibrillation? An assessment by three-dimensional echo-cardiography (Khankirawatana and Khankirawatana). 544

Differences in left atrial volume measurements as a function ofmethodology (Ujino et al). 508

Incidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasper etal). 536



Left atrial volume as a quantitative expression of diastolic dys-function and marker of cardiovascular risk burden (Tsanget al). 536

“Stunning” after a brief duration of atrial fibrillation is greater inthe left atrial appendage than left atrium (Yamada et al). 506


Heart catheterizationIs cardiac catheterization a prerequisite in all patients under-

going a bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis? (El-Saidet al). 481

Heart defects, congenitalQuantitative geometric, morphologic and functional analysis of

non-compaction of the left ventricle in adults and comparisonto idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (Sengupta et al). 525



Heart failure, congestiveAssessment of the magnitude and time course of improvement




Congestive symptoms with normal systolic function: elevatedLV mass versus body mass? (Beeri et al). 534


Diastolic suction is a major determinant of aerobic exercise ca-pacity in heart failure patients (Rovner et al). 479



Is sitting posture an effective physiologic preload-reducing alter-native to Valsalva for the assessment of left ventricular dia-stolic filling in systolic heart failure? (Troughton et al). 494

Mitral inflow Doppler parameters in predicting death or hearttransplant in patients with congestive heart failure (Ahmadet al). 505



Prediction of early and late congestive heart failure post myocar-dial infarction using the transmitral diastolic filling pattern(Lavine). 537



Heart function testsComparison of cardiac function in heart transplantation patients

with bicaval anastomosis and lower-shumway technique (Sunet al). 523


Effect of altered afterload on left ventricular myocardial perfor-mance index (Eapen et al). 546

Myocardial performance index, as predictor for adverse out-comes, following mitral valve surgery (Al Mukhaini et al).xx64






Heart neoplasmsContrast echocardiographic perfusion imaging as a tool to differ-

entiate intracardiac thrombi from tumors (Bednarz et al).503

Heart septal defects, atrialAtrial and ventricular septal defects created by high intensity fo-

cused ultrasound: in-vitro and in-vivo initial experience(Ludomirsky et al). 490

Functional morphology of patent foramen ovale by 3-D echocar-diography in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Ahsan et al).543


3-D echocardiography of patent foramen ovale and the Cardio-SEAL device in patients with cryptogenic stroke (Surabhi etal). 489

Heart septal defects, ventricularAtrial and ventricular septal defects created by high intensity fo-

cused ultrasound: in-vitro and in-vivo initial experience(Ludomirsky et al). 490

Heart septumAcute effect of non-surgical septal reduction therapy on regional

left ventricular asynergy and asynchrony in patients with hy-pertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (Park et al). 527


Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increaseddiastolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hyper-trophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease(Mahenthiran et al). 529

Heart surgeryComparison of cardiac function in heart transplantation patients




Heart transplantationComparison of cardiac function in heart transplantation patients



Mitral inflow Doppler parameters in predicting death or hearttransplant in patients with congestive heart failure (Ahmadet al). 505



Valvular regurgitation after orthotopic cardiac transplantation:bicaval versus biatrial technique (Gao et al). 541

Heart valve prosthesisAre small prosthetic aortic valves still acceptable today? (Freed

et al). 543Improved activating clotting time rather than hemodynamic

changes account for decreases in paravalvular regurgitant jetsfollowing valve replacement (Firstenberg et al). 540


Heart valvesImpact of atrio-ventricular compliance and valve structure on

exercise capacity. Echocardiographic study about 35 womenwith mitral stenosis (Donal et al). 540

Transthoracic echocardiographic characteristics of Heart-mate left ventricular assist device inflow valve dysfunction(Khodaverdian et al). 508

Heart ventricleAbnormal left ventricular mass and geometry in normotensive



Acute structural right ventricular changes in a porcine model ofpulmonary embolism (an echocardiographic study) (Mercedet al). 524

An application of a simple curvature index to quantify changesin regional LV geometry (Popovic et al). 524




Estimation of right ventricular free wall mass in humans by two-dimensional echocardiography (Pontes et al). 506


Quantitative geometric, morphologic and functional analysis ofnon-compaction of the left ventricle in adults and comparisonto idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (Sengupta et al). 525


HemodynamicsImproved activating clotting time rather than hemodynamic

changes account for decreases in paravalvular regurgitant jetsfollowing valve replacement (Firstenberg et al). 540


Hereditary diseasesAbnormal wall motion in children with hypertrophic cardio-

myopathy—can tissue Doppler improve early diagnosis inchildren with familial predisposition? (Pauliks et al). 528

HospitalizationThe incremental prognostic value of dobutamine stress echocar-

diography in chest pain unit patients with negative troponinlevels in predicting in hospital and short term cardiac events(Dolan et al). 516

Hospitalization period; see Length of stayHumanitarian relief


HypertensionAbnormal left ventricular mass and geometry in normotensive









Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic study of increased di-astolic septal perforator coronary flow velocity in hypertro-phic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease(Mahenthiran et al). 529

Hypertension, pulmonaryRight ventricular performance index does not reflect clinical im-

provements in epoprostenol treated pulmonary arterial hy-pertension (Nath et al). 534

HyperthyroidismDoppler myocardial imaging DMI in hyperthyroidism (Gaballa

et al). 491Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; see Cardiomyopathy, hyper-

trophicHypertrophy, left ventricular

Body composition and left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes(Galanti et al). 528





IInfant, newborn

When does the patent ductus arteriosus normally close in new-borns? (Sun et al). 508

Infarcted myocardium; see Myocardial infarctionInferior vena cava; see Vena cava, inferiorInformation storage and retrieval


InjectionsParadoxical improvement in the detection of coronary artery

disease by bolus injection of a beta-blocker agent at peak do-butamine-atropine stress echocardiography. Final results of asingle center trial (Tsutsui et al). 513

IntegrinsAssessment of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound


Intensive care unitsEchocardiography in critically ill patients in operative intensive

care units: diagnostic usefulness and impact on management(Bruch et al). 538

Internet; see ComputersIntracardiac echocardiography; see Echocardiography, intra-

cardiacIntraoperative echocardiography; see Echocardiography, in-

traoperative

Ischemia, myocardial; see Myocardial ischemiaIschemic cardiomyopathy; see Cardiomyopathy, ischemic

JJets

The “crossed swords” sign: clue to bileaflet involvement andneed for repair in mitral valve prolapse (Beeri et al). 537


KKidney failure


KinesisEffects of contrast enhancement on color kinesis indices of re-

gional left ventricular wall motion (Mor-Avi et al). 501Quantitative assessment of regional LV wall motion in patients

with poor acoustic windows using analysis of contrast-en-hanced color kinesis images (DeCara et al). 486

The use of quantitative color kinesis in identifying systolic dys-function in chronic mitral valve regurgitation (McGinleyet al). 495

KineticsDoes bubble destruction influence the assessment of replen-

ishment kinetics using power pulse inversion imaging?(Veltmann et al). 500

LLeanness; see ThinnessLeft atrial function; see Atrial function, leftLeft atrium; see Heart atriumLeft ventricular hypertrophy; see Hypertrophy, left ventricularLeft ventricular volume; see Cardiac volumeLength of stay


LigandsIn-vitro demonstration of binding of a novel targeted ultrasound


LipidsShell surface charge influences the microvascular behavior of

microbubbles and the myocardial contrast effect (Fisheret al). 479

MM-mode echocardiography; see Echocardiography, M-modeMagnetic resonance imaging




Marathon running; see RunningMarfan syndrome


Mass casualtyRemote echocardiography using very small aperture terminal


(VSAT) satellite transmission for real-time support of mass ca-sualty and humanitarian relief efforts (Huffer et al). 493

MenMale gender confers a high likelihood of a positive finding of a

cardiac source of embolism on transesophageal echocardi-ography (Vlassak et al). 504

MicrobubblesAssessment of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound








MicrocirculationEffect of nitroglycerine on myocardial microcirculation: assess-

ment by myocardial contrast echocardiography (Bin et al).500


MicroscopyImproved cardiac imaging of mouse embryos with CHIRP-en-

hanced high frequency ultrasound: another step towards dy-namic ultrasonic microscopy for study of transgenic models(Leatherbury et al). 483

Microvascular dysfunction; see CapillariesMitral valve








Myocardial performance index, as predictor for adverse out-comes, following mitral valve surgery (Al Mukhaini et al). 542


Mitral valve insufficiencyComparative influence of dilated cardiomyopathy and mitral re-

gurgitation on noninvasively obtained single-best load inde-pendent indices of ventricular contractility (Popovic et al).531

Determination of the optimal zone for flow rate calculation us-

ing the inter alias method. A fluid simulation study (Coisne etal). 539



Evaluation of left ventricular contractile function using noninva-sively derived single-beat end-systolic elastance in patientswith mitral regurgitation (Kim et al). 540




Leaflet concavity: a rapid visual clue to the presence of ischemicmitral regurgitation (Nesta et al). 542


The use of quantitative color kinesis in identifying systolic dys-function in chronic mitral valve regurgitation (McGinley etal). 495


Mitral valve prolapseThe “crossed swords” sign: clue to bileaflet involvement and

need for repair in mitral valve prolapse (Beeri et al). 5373D characterization of pulsatile flow behaviour in the conver-

gent region in a realistic in vitro model of mitral prolapse. Aparticular velocity imaging study (Coisne et al). 541

Mitral valve stenosisImpact of atrio-ventricular compliance and valve structure on


MortalityThe biphasic response during dobutamine stress echocardiogra-

phy is the strongest predictor of cardiovascular mortality(Singh et al). 511

Echocardiographic predictors of mortality in patients with leftventricular hypertrophy and suspected or known coronaryartery disease (Elhendy et al). 515

Myocardial contractionComparative influence of dilated cardiomyopathy and mitral re-

gurgitation on noninvasively obtained single-best load inde-pendent indices of ventricular contractility (Popovic et al).531






Non-invasive detection of heart transplant rejection with tissueDoppler echocardiography in children—myocardial accelera-


tion during isovolumic contraction is a useful new marker(Pauliks et al). 484

Pseudonormalization of Doppler TEI index in patients with se-vere right ventricular infarction: isovolumetric contraction torelaxation time ratio as a new diagnostic tool (Yoshifukuet al). 511



Myocardial diseasesQuantitative diagnosis of apical cardiomyopathy using contrast

echocardiography (Ward et al). 526Rapid assessment of ventricular function with SENSE MRI in pe-

diatric patients with cardiomyopathy—a preliminary studywith comparison to echocardiography (Pignatelli et al). 526


Myocardial Doppler in Diastole StudyImpaired early diastolic filling in type 2 diabetes mellitus is

associated with left ventricular systolic disturbances: prelim-inary results of the Myocardial Doppler in Diastole (MYDID)Study (Govind et al). 532

Myocardial function; see Heart function testsMyocardial infarction




Combined application of left ventricular TEI index and ejectionfraction to identify patients with high, intermediate, and lowrisk to develop complications after acute myocardial infarc-tion (Yuasa et al). 513



Identification of graft failure and predicting perioperative myo-cardial infarction by intraoperative contrast echocardiogra-phy using selective injection into individual aortocoronary by-pass graft (Trivedi et al). 483

Impact of infarct size on the end-systolic pressure-area relationof remote non-infarcted myocardium in chronic myocardialinfarction: an animal study (Kim et al). 522



Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction provoked by catechol-amine infusion in acute myocardial infarction: mechanistic in-sights from animal experiment (Shiki et al). 541


Microvascular integrity within the infarct bed prevents left ven-tricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction irrespec-

tive of the initial status of the infarct-related artery (Lepperet al). 499




Prediction of early and late congestive heart failure post myocar-dial infarction using the transmitral diastolic filling pattern(Lavine). 537



Myocardial ischemiaAnti-p-selectin prevent myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury:



Changes in regional myocardial work calculated from the pres-sure-strain loop area during ischemia and reperfusion (Pislaruet al). 489





Leaflet concavity: a rapid visual clue to the presence of ischemicmitral regurgitation (Nesta et al). 542


Noninvasive assessment of myocardial ischemia and necrosis us-ing a newly developed tissue Doppler myocardial velocityprofile (Tanaka et al). 511






Temporal changes and histological implication of post-systolic


thickening in an animal model of acute ischemia and reper-fusion (Song et al). 512




Myocardial Performance Index; see Tei indexMyocardial perfusion

Changes in regional myocardial work calculated from the pres-sure-strain loop area during ischemia and reperfusion (Pislaruet al). 489





Evaluation of no-reflow myocardial perfusion by myocardialcontrast echocardiography in patients after revascularization(Shu et al). 522









Myocardial reperfusionAnti-p-selectin prevent myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury:






Temporal changes and histological implication of post-systolicthickening in an animal model of acute ischemia and reper-fusion (Song et al). 512


Visualization of risk area myocardium following coronary occlu-sion/reperfusion using “hot spot” myocardial contrast echo-cardiography (Kunichika et al). 499

Myocardial revascularizationEvaluation of no-reflow myocardial perfusion by myocardial

contrast echocardiography in patients after revascularization(Shu et al). 522


Non-invasive risk stratification in uncomplicated acute coronarysyndromes is associated with less revascularization but equiv-alent outcomes to angiographic evaluation (Franklin et al).517

MyocardiumAnalysis of transmural trend of myocardial integrated backscat-

ter in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (Hirookaet al). 532

Assessment of myocardial blood volume can be used to discrimi-nate between coronary artery disease and microvascular dys-function (Rinkevich et al). 498



Doppler myocardial imaging DMI in hyperthyroidism (Gaballaet al). 491

Echocardiographic assessment of abnormal regional myocardialstrain in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Yanget al). 485


Genesis of the restrictive filling pattern: role of pericardial con-straint and myocardial restraint (Lavine and Prceveski). 496






NNecrosis

Noninvasive assessment of myocardial ischemia and necrosis us-


ing a newly developed tissue Doppler myocardial velocityprofile (Tanaka et al). 511

NeovascularizationAssessment of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound


Newborn infant; see Infant, newbornNitroglycerine


Norwood operation; see Heart surgeryNuclear medicine


OObesity

Acquisition variability of left ventricular echocardiographicmeasurements in markedly obese and lean subjects (deZuttere et al). 509


Observer variationIntra- and inter-observer variability in off-line extracted cardiac

tissue Doppler velocity measurements and derived variables(Gaballa et al). 487

Octafluoropane; see MicrobubblesOligonucleotides


OxygenCerebral and peripheral tissue oxygenation changes during do-

butamine infusion measured by near-infrared spectroscopy(Kamalesh et al). 515

PPapillary muscles


Patent ductus arteriosus; see Ductus arteriosus, patentPatent foramen ovale; see Heart septal defects, atrialPatient transport; see Transportation of patientsPatients


Pediatric echocardiography; see Echocardiography, childPerfusion, myocardial; see Myocardial perfusionPericardium

Consecutive 1,127 therapeutic echocardiographically-guidedpericardiocenteses: lessons learned from 21 years (Tsanget al). 527



Platelets; see Blood plateletsPortal vein


Postoperative complicationsMyocardial performance index, as predictor for adverse out-

comes, following mitral valve surgery (Al Mukhaini et al). 542

PostureFlow propagation velocity decreases with upright tilt (Garcia

et al). 532Is sitting posture an effective physiologic preload-reducing alter-

native to Valsalva for the assessment of left ventricular dia-stolic filling in systolic heart failure? (Troughton et al). 494

PrognosisCan transmitral flow pattern after coronary angioplasty predict

left ventricular remodeling and prognosis in patients withacute myocardial infarction? (Jinyao et al). 521





Prognostic value of a dilated inferior vena cava (Heidenreichet al). 509



Prosthetic heart valve; see Heart valve prosthesisPulmonary artery



Right ventricular performance index does not reflect clinical im-provements in epoprostenol treated pulmonary arterial hy-pertension (Nath et al). 534

Pulmonary embolismAcute structural right ventricular changes in a porcine model of

pulmonary embolism (an echocardiographic study) (Mercedet al). 524

Correlation of troponin I elevation with right ventricular dys-function in acute pulmonary embolism (Sallach et al). 536


Pulmonary valve insufficiencyIs the Tei index useful in patients with significant pulmonary re-

gurgitation? (Paul et al). 482Pulse inversion imaging




RRadial artery

Effect of anesthesia on radial artery diameter (Glas et al). 538Rejection, graft; see Graft rejectionRelaxation

Effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist on left ventricularmyocardial relaxation abnormality in hypertensive patients:


evaluation using a newly developed myocardial velocity pro-file (Tanaka et al). 496



Renal failure; see Kidney failureReperfusion, myocardial; see Myocardial reperfusionReproducibility of results


Revascularization, myocardial; see Myocardial revasculariza-tion

Right ventricular function; see Ventricular function, rightRight ventricular infarction; see Myocardial infarctionRunning


SSatellite communications


SclerosisAnalysis of transmural trend of myocardial integrated backscat-

ter in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (Hirookaet al). 532

Septum, heart; see Heart septumSex



SildenafilHas sildenafil any effect on coronary flow? Non invasive assess-

ment (Baratta et al). 520Sinus rhythm


SoftwareCharacterization of mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with

left bundle branch block using quantitative tissue displace-ment imaging with tissue tracking and Doppler angle correc-tion (Sade et al). 523

Parametric cardiac imaging in the form of curved M-mode tissuetracking improves both temporal and spatial resolution in onesingle image (Brodin et al). 491





SPECT; see Tomography, emission-computed, single-photonSpectrum analysis


SportsBody composition and left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes

(Galanti et al). 528Marathon running results in a transient reduction in left ven-

tricular volume but preserved ejection fraction in amateur ath-letes (Kean et al). 495

ST segment; see ElectrocardiographyStenosis

Coronary plaque area, not percent stenosis, is related to tradi-tional coronary risk factors: an intravascular ultrasound study(Kahlon et al). 539

StentsNoninvasive detection of in-stent coronary restenosis by trans-

thoracic Doppler echocardiography (Watanabe et al). 485Usefulness of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography

for predicting long-term outcome of transluminal endovas-cular stent-graft repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm (Ohyamaet al). 482

Strain rateCan accentuated regional strain rate response during peak do-

butamine stress echocardiography exclude myocardial isch-emia? (Saha et al). 515


Peak systolic strain rate accurately reflects changes in regionalsystolic function in the immature heart of lambs (Banerjeeet al). 480







StressThe flow-function relation during acute myocardial ischemia is

inviolate: reasons for the apparent disparity between the spa-tial extent of abnormal wall thickening versus infarct size atrest or perfusion abnormality at stress (Leong-Poi et al). 480


Stress echocardiography; see Echocardiography, stressStroke; see Cerebrovascular disordersStroke volume


Subendocardial contraction; see Myocardial contractionSubsternal epicardial echocardiography; see Echocardiogra-

phy, intraoperative; Echocardiography, transthoracicSupine position


Surgery, operativeDo beta blockers prevent hard events in patients undergoing ma-

jor noncardiac surgery? A risk stratification approach (Torresand Marwick). 513



Sympathetic nervous systemTransient wall motion abnormality and prolonged impairment

of sympathetic nervous system in patients with ampulla car-diomyopathy: assessment of myocardial perfusion using myo-cardial contrast echo and cardiac nuclear imaging (Okadaet al). 529

SystoleApplication of flow propagation velocity and tissue Doppler im-

aging for determination of left ventricular filling pressures:role of left ventricular systolic function (Rivas-Gotz et al). 486









Impact of infarct size on the end-systolic pressure-area relationof remote non-infarcted myocardium in chronic myocardialinfarction: an animal study (Kim et al). 522







Non-invasive estimation of end systolic elastance (Ees) using theratio of end systolic pressure of end systolic volume with 3DE:an accurate method in non-dilated hearts (El-Khoury Coffinet al). 543

Peak systolic strain rate accurately reflects changes in regionalsystolic function in the immature heart of lambs (Banerjee etal). 480





Temporal changes and histological implication of post-systolicthickening in an animal model of acute ischemia and reper-fusion (Song et al). 512


The use of quantitative color kinesis in identifying systolic dys-function in chronic mitral valve regurgitation (McGinleyet al). 495

TTachycardia


TechnologyEcho elastography: a novel method for quantitative real-time

two-dimensional cardiac strain imaging (Breburda et al). 486Tei index


Correlation of the Tei index with invasive measurements of ven-tricular function in a porcine model (LaCorte et al). 494




Is the Tei index useful in patients with significant pulmonary re-gurgitation? (Paul et al). 482


Myocardial performance index, as predictor for adverse out-comes, following mitral valve surgery (Al Mukhaini et al). 542



Right ventricular myocardial performance index correlates toexercise capacity following repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (Mich-elfelder et al). 481

Tetralogy of FallotRight ventricular myocardial performance index correlates to

exercise capacity following repair of Tetralogy of Fallot(Michelfelder et al). 481



ThinnessAcquisition variability of left ventricular echocardiographic

measurements in markedly obese and lean subjects (deZuttere et al). 509

Thoracic aortic aneurysm; see Aortic aneurysm, thoracicThree-dimensional echocardiography; see Echocardiography,

three-dimensional


Thromboembolism“Stunning” after a brief duration of atrial fibrillation is greater in

the left atrial appendage than left atrium (Yamada et al). 506Thrombolytic therapy


ThrombosisContrast echocardiographic perfusion imaging as a tool to differ-

entiate intracardiac thrombi from tumors (Bednarz et al). 503Incidence of atrial thrombi and the importance of other poten-

tial sources of emboli detected by transesophageal echo in pa-tients undergoing cardioversion: the ACUTE trial (Jasperet al). 536



TimeAssessment of the magnitude and time course of improvement


Tissue Doppler imaging; see Doppler tissue imagingTissue tracking; see SoftwareTomography, emission-computed, single-photon


Training; see EducationTransducers


Detection of transient wall motion abnormalities in patientswith chest pain syndromes using a novel ultrasound trans-ducer (Anthony et al). 490

Transesophageal echocardiography; see Echocardiography,transesophageal

Transportation of patientsReal-time echocardiographic evaluation during patient trans-

port (Garrett et al). 487Transthoracic echocardiography; see Echocardiography,

transthoracicTreadmill test; see Exercise testTriage


Tricuspid valveMorphogenetic insight in evolution of tricuspid atresia: a fetal

echocardiographic study (Singh et al). 547Tricuspid valve insufficiency



Triple vessel disease; see Coronary diseaseTroponin




Tumor necrosis factorUltrasound-targeted antisense oligonucleotide attenuates isch-

emia/reperfusion-induced myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Erikson et al). 497

Tumors, heart; see Heart neoplasmsTwo-dimensional echocardiography; see Echocardiography,

two-dimensionalType 2 diabetes mellitus; see Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-

dependent

UUltrasonography

The ability of novice ultrasonographers with minimal training toacquire technically adequate echocardiographic images un-der real time guidance may make ultrasound imaging feasiblein remote places such as in space (Troughton et al). 548

Assessment of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasoundwith microbubbles targeted to alpha V-integrins (Leong-Poi etal). 497

Atrial and ventricular septal defects created by high intensity fo-cused ultrasound: in-vitro and in-vivo initial experience(Ludomirsky et al). 490


Effect of anesthesia on radial artery diameter (Glas et al). 538Effect of volume loading on cyclic variation of ultrasonic inte-

grated backscatter in left ventricular hypertrophy (Kunichikaet al). 533

Improved cardiac imaging of mouse embryos with CHIRP-en-hanced high frequency ultrasound: another step towards dy-namic ultrasonic microscopy for study of transgenic models(Leatherbury et al). 483





Ultrasonography, intravascularAssessment of two measurement methods to determine endo-


Coronary plaque area, not percent stenosis, is related to tradi-tional coronary risk factors: an intravascular ultrasound study(Kahlon et al). 539




VVagus nerve



Valsalva’s maneuverIs sitting posture an effective physiologic preload-reducing alter-


native to Valsalva for the assessment of left ventricular dia-stolic filling in systolic heart failure? (Troughton et al). 494

Valve, heart; see Heart valvesValve replacement; see Heart valve prosthesisValvular regurgitation, mitral; see Mitral valve insufficiencyVascular diseases


VasodilationAssessment of two measurement methods to determine endo-


Vena cava, inferiorPrognostic value of a dilated inferior vena cava (Heidenreich

et al). 509Ventricle; see Heart ventricleVentricular assist devices; see Heart assist devicesVentricular function, left

Acquisition variability of left ventricular echocardiographicmeasurements in markedly obese and lean subjects (deZuttere et al). 509

Acute effect of non-surgical septal reduction therapy on regionalleft ventricular asynergy and asynchrony in patients with hy-pertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (Park et al). 527

Application of flow propagation velocity and tissue Doppler im-aging for determination of left ventricular filling pressures:role of left ventricular systolic function (Rivas-Gotz et al). 486


Body composition and left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes(Galanti et al). 528

Can tissue Doppler imaging be an objective measurement dur-ing dobutamine stress echocardiography in assessing normaland abnormal left ventricular function?function (Bierig et al).512




Compared to aortic stenosis, the peak pressure gradient in hy-pertrophic cardiomyopathy overestimates the severity of leftventricular outflow obstruction (Huang et al). 527








Echocardiographic predictors of mortality in patients with left

ventricular hypertrophy and suspected or known coronary ar-tery disease (Elhendy et al). 515










Flow propagation velocity decreases with upright tilt (Garciaet al). 532





Impact of atrio-ventricular compliance and valve structure onexercise capacity. Echocardiographic study about 35 womenwith mitral stenosis (Donal et al). 540










Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction provoked by catechol-


amine infusion in acute myocardial infarction: mechanistic in-sights from animal experiment (Shiki et al). 541





Microvascular integrity within the infarct bed prevents left ven-tricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction irrespec-tive of the initial status of the infarct-related artery (Lepperet al). 499


Peak systolic strain rate accurately reflects changes in regionalsystolic function in the immature heart of lambs (Banerjee etal). 480




Quantitative assessment of regional LV wall motion in patientswith poor acoustic windows using analysis of contrast-en-hanced color kinesis images (DeCara et al). 486











Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardio-graphically in conscious and anesthetized mice (Ni et al). 507


Tissue Doppler quantification of delayed improvement in left

ventricular longitudinal function with biventricular pacingtherapy: evidence for reverse remodeling (Kanzaki et al). 523




Ventricular function, rightCombined echocardiographic measures of biventricular func-

tion are of additive prognostic value in patients with severeheart failure (Zahid et al). 529









Right ventricular performance index does not reflect clinical im-provements in epoprostenol treated pulmonary arterial hy-pertension (Nath et al). 534


Ventricular septal defects; see Heart septal defects, ventricularVolume, cardiac; see Cardiac volume

WWall motion







Imagent improves endocardial border delineation and the ac-curacy of segmental wall motion assessment (Nanda et al).502

Novel index for evaluating wall motion abnormality using newlydeveloped angle-corrected tissue strain imaging (Tabata et al).496






Wolff-Parkinson-White syndromeSimple and accurate method to identify early ventricular con-

traction sites in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome by highframe-rate tissue velocity imaging (Miyasaka et al). 492

WomenImpact of atrio-ventricular compliance and valve structure on



WorkloadDoes daily caseload volume impact diagnostic accuracy in inter-

pretation of pediatric echocardiograms? (Michelfelder et al).506


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