ALCOHOL

VOLUME2 NUMBERI C O N T E N T S

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1985

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Liver alcohol dehydrogenase: Substrate inhibition and competition between substrates.

POCKER, Y. and K. W. R A Y M O N D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

In vivo roles of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), catalase and the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) in deermice.

T A K A G I , T., J. A L D E R M A N and C. S. L I E B E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Effects of acute ethanol administration and chronic ethanol feeding on mixed function oxidation in deermice lacking ADH.

G E L L E R T , J. and C. S. L I E B E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Effects of chronic ethanol consumption on male Syrian hamster hepatic, microsomal mixed-function oxidases.

E L L I O T T , C. R., J. S. PRASAD, A. D. HUSBY, R. J. E L L I N G S O N , J. L. H O L T Z M A N and D. L. C R A N K S H A W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Role of alcohol P-450-oxygenase (APO) in microsomal ethanol oxidation.

KOOP, D. R. and M. J. COON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Effect of ethanol on the microsomal glutathione S-transferase activity in glutathione-depleted rat liver.

SIPPEL, H. W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Hepatic catalase and superoxide dismutases after acute ethanol administration in rats.

R IBIERE, C., J. S I N A C E U R , D. S A B O U R A U L T and g . N O R D M A N N . . . . . . . 31

Alcohol dehydrogenase: A new sensitive marker of hepatic centrilobular damage.

KATO, S., H. ISHII , S. KANO, S. H A G I H A R A , T. T O D O R O K I , S. N A G A T A , H. T A K A H A S H I , Y. S H I G E T A and M. T S U C H I Y A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Effects of ethanol treatment and castration on liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity.

G I L L I O N , g . B., K. E. CROW, R. D. BA"I~ and M. J. H A R D M A N . . . . . . . . . 39

Properties of rat retina alcohol dehydrogenase.

PARI~S, X., P. J U L I A and J. FARRI~S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Human liver alcohol dehydrogenase: The unique properties of the "atypical" isoenzyme/~2~B2-Bern can be explained by a single base mutation.

B I ] H L E R , R., J. H E M P E L , J.-P. VON W A R T B U R G and H. J O R N V A L L . . . . . . 47

Molecular genetic analysis of human alcohol dehydrogenase.

D U E S T E R , G., G. W. H A T F I E L D and M. SMITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Some unexplained features of hepatic ethanol oxidation.

P H I L L I P S , J. W., M. N. BERRY, A. g . G R I V E L L and P. G. W A L L A C E . . . . 57

Contents continued

VOLUMEINDEX

Alcohol dehydrogenases, aldehyde dehydrogenases, and related enzymes. J O R N V A L L , H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Biochemical and genetic studies on mouse aldehyde dehydrogenases.

H O L M E S , R. S., E. M. A L G A R and P. B. M A T H E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Biochemical genetic analysis of human and rodent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).

H O P K I N S O N , D. A., I. S A N T I S T E B A N , S. P O V E Y and M. S M I T H

Aldehyde dehydrogenase and aldehyde reductase in isolated bovine brain microvessels. P E T E R S E N , D. R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73

79

Aldehyde dehydrogenase in drosophila: Developmental and functional aspects.

G A R C I N , F., G. L A U Y O U H I N , J. COTI~, S. R A D O U C O - T H O M A S , S. C H A W L A and C. R A D O U C O - T H O M A S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Ethanol feeding can produce secondary alterations in aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes.

A L D E R M A N , J. A., C. S A N N Y , E. G O R D O N and C. S. L I E B E R . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Modification of thiol groups in cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. K I T S O N , T. M. and K. M. L O O M E S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases.

Y O S H I D A , A., M. I K A W A , L. C. H S U and K. T A N I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Subcellular distribution of aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in human liver.

H E N E H A N , G. T. M., K. WARD, N. P. K E N N E D Y , D. G. W E I R and K. F. T I P T O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Use of cyanamide to determine localization of acetaldehyde metabolism in rat liver.

SVANAS, G. W. and H. W E I N E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Cataiase mediated conversion of cyanamide to an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase.

DEMASTER, E. G., F. N. S H I R O T A and H. T. N A G A S A W A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Structure vs. activity in the suifonylurea.mediated disuifiram-ethanol reaction.

N A G A S A W A , H. T., E. G. DEMASTER, C.-H. K W O N , P. S. F R A S E R and F. N. S H I R O T A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Differential effects of ethanol on two synaptic membrane Ca 2+ transport systems.

M I C H A E L I S , M. L., T. E. K I T O S and T. T E H A N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Effect of ethanol in vitro and in vivo on Ca2~-activated metabolism of membrane phospholipids in rat synaptosomai and brain slice preparations.

H U D S P I T H , M., G. R. J O H N , P. T. N H A M B U R O and J. M. L I T T L E T O N . . . 133

Alterations in Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent release of catecholamines in preparations of rat brain produced by ethanol treatment in vivo.

L Y N C H , M. A., C. P A G O N I S , D. S A M U E L and J. M. L I T T L E T O N . . . . . . . . . 139

Effect of norepinephrine on inhibition of mouse brain (Na + + K+)-stimuiated, (Mg++)-dependent, and (Ca++)-dependent ATPase activities by ethanol.

SYAPIN, P. J. , J. C H E N and R. L. A L K A N A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Alcohol and the calcium-dependent potassium transport of human erythrocytes. HARRIS , R. A. and K. K. C A L D W E L L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Contents continued

ALCOHOL

The effect of ethanol and calcium on fluid state of plasma membranes Of rat hepatocytes.

M I L L S , P. R., P. J. M E I E R , J. L. B O Y E R and E. R. G O R D O N . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Effect of ethanol on fatty acid metabolism in cultured hepatocytes: Dependency on incubation time and fatty acid concentration.

G R U N N E T , N., F. J E N S E N , J. K O N D R U P and J. D I C H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dependence of ethanol-induced redox shift on hepatic oxygen tensions prevailing in vivo.

J A U H O N E N , V. P., E. B A R A O N A , C. S. L I E B E R and I. E. H A S S I N E N

Ethanol-glucocorticoid regulation of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. S T U M P O , D. J., C. R. P R O S T K O and R. F. K L E T Z I E N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparative effects of short chain alcohols on lipid phase transitions.

ROWE, R. S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Effect of ethanol on thrombin-induced platelet phospholipid breakdown and release of [aH]-5- hydroxytryptamine.

F E N N , G. C., L. P. C A B E R O S and J. M. L I T T L E T O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phosphatidylinositol composition in pancreas and submaxillary gland of ethanol-fed rats. C R O N H O L M , T. and T. C U R S T E D T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

153

157

163

169

173

177

183

A n n o u n c e m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

ALCOHOL

VOLUME 2 NUMBER 2 C O N T E N T S

MARCH/APRIL 1985

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Chronic ethanol induces changes in opiate receptor function and in met-enkephalin release.

L U C C H I , L. , R. A. RIUS, S. G O V O N I and M. T R A B U C C H I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

A drug discrimination analysis of ethanol-induced behavioral excitation and sedation: The role of endogenous opiate pathways.

S H I P P E N B E R G , T. S. and H. L. A L T S H U L E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Alcohol modulation of benzodlazepine receptors.

R O T T E N B E R G , H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Cross-tolerance between ethanol and chlordiazepoxide. C H A N , A. W. K., D. L. S C H A N L E Y , M. D. A L E O and F. W. L E O N G . . . . . 209

Binding characteristics of 3H-flunitrazepam and CL-218,872 in cerebellum and cortex of C57Bi mice made tolerant to and dependent on phenobarbital or ethanol.

L I L J E Q U I S T , S. and B. T A B A K O F F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Perforant pathway lamination in the dentate gyrus is unaffected by prenatal ethanol exposure.

DEWEY, S. L. and J. R. WEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Effects of ethanol on the rat brain: Ultrastructural alterations in the temporal cortex and in the hippocampns.

R O U L E T , TH., PH. VAN D E N BOSCH DE A G U I L A R and PH. DE WITTE .. 227

Genotypic variations in ethanol effect on striatai and hippocampal transmitter interactions.

KEMPF, E., G. F U H R M A N N and A. E B E L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Basal f'wing rate of rat locus coerulens neurons affects sensitivity to ethanol.

S H E F N E R , S. A. and B. T A B A K O F F 239

Chronic ethanol exposure alters dopaminergic signal transduction processes.

RIUS, R. A., S. GOVONI , L. L U C C H I and M. T R A B U C C H I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Effects of ethanol on 5-hydroxytryptamine release from rat corpus strlatum in vivo.

H O L M A N , R. B. and B. M. SNAPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Ethanol increases rat liver tryptophan oxygenase: Evidence for corticosterone mediation.

M O R L A N D , J., L. S T O W E L L and H. GJERDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Monoamines and the effect of ethanol on corticosterone and non-esterifled fatty acids.

BRICK, J. and L. A. P O H O R E C K Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Acetaldehyde and alcohol levels in pregnant rats and their fetuses.

GUERRI , C. and R. S A N C H I S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Contents continued

VOLUME INDEX

Blood acetaldehyde response to ethanol ingestion during the reproductive cycle of the female rat.

G O R D O N , B. H. J. , E. B A R A O N A and C. S. L I E B E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Delayed taste aversion learning in preweanling rats exposed to alcohol prenatally.

D R I S C O L L , C. D., E. P. R I L E Y and L. S. M E Y E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

Temperature modulates ethanol sensitivity in mice: Generality across strain and sex.

A L K A N A , R. L. , D. A. F I N N , G. G. G A L L E I S K Y , M. B E J A N I A N , D. C. B O O N E , B. J O N E S and P. J. SYAPIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Differential CNS sensitivity to PIA and theophylline in long-sleep and short-sleep mice.

PROCTOR, W. R., R. C. B A K E R and T. V. D U N W l D D I E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Ethanol does not increase lethality due to propoxyphene in rats.

BODD, E., H. O L S E N , M. G U L L I K S E N and J. M O R L A N D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

Dynamic aspects on acute tolerance to hexobarbital evaluated with an anesthesia threshold.

W A H L S T R O M , G. and H. G. B O L A N D E R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Comparison of ballooned hepatocytes in alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver injury in rats.

M A T S U D A , Y., S. T A K A S E , A. T A K A D A , H. SATO and M. Y A S U H A R A . . . 303

Negative chronotropic effect of chronic ethanol ingestion in the rat.

POSNER , P., S. P. B A K E R , R. G. C A R P E N T I E R and D. W. W A L K E R . . . . . . 309

Effect of ethanol and aging on histamine release and membranes of mast cells.

G O N Z A L E S , R. A. and F. T. C R E W S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Oral self administration of ethanol in free feeding rats.

G R A N T , K. A. and H. H. S AMS O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Effects of the maternal consumption of alcohol on alcohol selection in rats.

REYES, E., K. D. G A R C I A and B. C. J O N E S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

The influence of infantile handling, age and strain on alcohol selection in mice.

JONES, B. C., R. N. G O L D S T I N E , M. K E G E L , M. G U R L E Y and E. R E Y E S 327

Stereospecific interaction between alcohol and opiates mediated by the mu high-affinity binding receptor.

NG C H E O N G TON, J. M. and Z. AMIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Norepinephrine turnover and voluntary consumption of ethanol in the rat.

S O C A R A N S K Y , S. M., C. M. G. A R A G O N , I. R U S K , Z. A M I T and S. O. O G R E N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

The effects of zimeldine on voluntary ethanol consumption: Studies on the mechanism of action.

G I L L , K., Z. A M I T and S. O. O G R E N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Monoamine uptake inhibitors attenuate ethanol intake in alcohol.preferring (P) rats.

M U R P H Y , J. M., M. B. W A L L E R , G. J. G A T T O , W. J. M c B R I D E , L. L U M E N G and T.-K. LI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

A correlation between voluntary ethanol consumption and brain catalase activity in the rat.

A R A G O N , C. M. G., G. S T E R N K L A R and Z. A M I T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

Contents continued

ALCOHOL

A two dimensional model of alcohol consumption: Possible interaction of brain catalase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.

ARAGO N, C. M. G. and Z. AMIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Brain ALDH as a possible modulator of voluntary ethanol intake.

S O C A R A N S K Y , S. M., C. M. G. A R A G O N and Z. AMIT

A multi-dimensional examination of the positive reinforcing properties of acetaldehyde.

AMIT, Z. and B. R. SMITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

357

361

367

A n n o u n c e m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

ALCOHOL

VOLUME 2 NUMBER 3 CONTENTS

MAY/JUNE 1985

Editorial vi

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Articles

Aldehyde dehydrogenase content and composition of human liver. F O R T E - M c R O B B I E , C. M. and R. P I E T R U S Z K O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

Population genetic and family studies on aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency and alcohol sensitivity.

G O E D D E , H. W., D. P. A G A R W A L , R. E C K E Y and S. H A R A D A . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism and alcohol metabolism in alcoholics.

H A R A D A , S., D. P. A G A R W A L and H. W. G O E D D E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase and ethanol elimination. MIZOI , Y., M. K O G A M E , T. F U K U N A G A , Y. U E N O , J. A D A C H I and S. F U G I W A R A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

Regulation of the formation of stable adducts between acetaldehyde and blood proteins.

L U M E N G , L. and P. J, D U R A N T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

The measurement of 2,.3-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol in "flushing" and "non-fiushing" Japanese.

CASAZZA, J. P., H. ISI-III, and R. L. V E E C H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

Biochemical markers of chronic alcoholism. T A K A S E , S., A. T A K A D A , M. T S U T S U M I and Y. M A T S U D A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Quantitative and qualitative biochemical parameters for alcohol abuse.

H A R A D A , S., D. P. A G A R W A L , H. W. G O E D D E and K. M I Y A K E . . . . . . . . . 411

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid in alcoholic patients under different clinical conditions.

BORG, S., H. K V A N D E , P. L I L J E B E R G , D. M O S S B E R G a n d P . V A L V E R I U S 415

Characteristics of receptors and enzymes in brains of human alcoholics.

T A B A K O F F , B., P. L. H O F F M A N , P. V A L V E R I U S , S. R. J A F F E , D. U ' P R I C H A R D and F. D E L E O N - J O N E S

BORG, J. M. L E E , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Decreased Fc-receptor binding in human monocytes exposed to ethanol in vitro. M O R L A N D , B., M. K. F A G E R H O L and J. M O R L A N D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

Effects of ethanol on platelet function.

H I L L B O M , M., M. K A N G A S A H O , C. L O W B E E R , M. KASTE, A. M U U R O N E N and H. N U M M I N E N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429

EGTA-Extractable caimodulin in platelet membrane is lower in alcoholics than controls. JAVORS, M. A., J. P. H O U S T O N and C. L. B O W D E N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Contents continued

VOLUME INDEX

First pass metabolism of ethanol: An important determinant of blood levels after alcohol consumption.

J U L K U N E N , R. J. K. , L. T A N N E N B A U M , E. B A R A O N A and C. S. L I E B E R 437

Varying rates of alcohol metabolism in relation to detoxification medication.

C L O T H I E R , J., J. T. K E L L E Y , K. R E E D and E. L. R E I L L Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

Analysis and subceUular localization of lipid in alcoholic liver disease.

PETERS , T. J. and S. R. C AIR NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

Hepatic hemodynamics in alcohol liver injuries assessed by reflectance spectrophotometry.

H A Y A S H I , N. , A. K A S A H A R A , K. K U R O S A W A , H. Y O S H I H A R A , Y. SASAKI , H. F U S A M O T O , N. SATO and T. K A M A D A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

Effect of ethanol and iron on the hepatic and biliary levels of glutathione and lipid peroxidative indexes.

V I D E L A , L. A., V. F E R N A N D E Z and A. V A L E N Z U E L A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

Effect of alcohol ingestion on portal venous blood flow in healthy volunteers: Comparison between the subjects with and without ALDH I isozyme.

Y O S H I R H A R A , H. , N. SATO, Y. SASAKI , E. U C H I M A , A. I N O U E , T. M A T S U M U R A , N. H A Y A S H I , S. K A W A N O , T. K A M A D A and H. ABE .. 463

Chemiluminescence and superoxide dimutase in plasma in patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver injuries.

K U B O T A , S., N. SATO, T. M A T S U M U R A and T. K A M A D A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

Acute ethanol ingestion by humans and subacute treatment of rats increase urinary folate excretion.

M c M A R T I N , K. E., C.-Q. S HIAO , T. D. C O L L I N S and H. M. R E D E T Z K I . . . 473

Spontaneous recovery from ethanol-induced male infertility.

A N D E R S O N , R. A., JR., B. R. W I L L I S and C. O S W A L D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

Chronic alcoholic skeletal myopathy---common and reversible.

PETERS, T. J. , F. M A R T I N and K. WARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

Ethanol and intestinal carcinogenesis in the rat.

SEITZ, H. K., P. C Z Y G A N , R. W A L D H E R R , S. V E I T H a n d B . K O M M E R E L L 491

Contingent tolerance to the anticonvuisant effects of alcohol. P I N E L , J. P. J. , M. J. M A N A and G. R E N F R E Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

Hyperventilation, anxiety, craving for alcohol: A subacute alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

R O E L O F S , S. M. G. J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

Human conditioned compensatory response to alcohol cues: Initial evidence. N E W L I N , D. B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

Individual alcohol reaction profiles. L E H T I N E N , I., T. N Y R K E , A. L A N G , A P A K K A N E N and E. K E S K I N E N . . 511

The myth of "The average alcohol response." REED, T. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

Incidence of major congenital malformations in offspring of alcoholics and polydrug abusers. IOSUB, S., M. F U C H S , N. B I N G O L , R. K. S T O N E , D. S. G R O M I S C H and E. W A S S E R M A N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521

Drinking style of parents of alcoholic and control probands. H E S S E L B R O C K , V. M., J. R. S T A B E N A U and R. H A L L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525

ALCOHOL

Language processing in men at risk for alcoholism: An event-related potential study.

SCHMIDT, A. L. and H. J. N E V I L L E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The influence of alcohol abuse as a hidden contributor to mortality.

VAN NATTA, P.A., H. MALIN, D. B E R T O L U C C I and C. K A E L B E R

Impact of changes in distilled spirits availability on alcohol distribution.

H O L D E R , H. D. and J. O. B L O S E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Prevention of alcohol-related problems in urban middle-aged males. K R I S T E N S O N , H. , B. HOOD, B. P E T E R S O N and E. T R E L L

Clinical conditions in alcoholics during long-term abstinence: A descriptive, longitudinal treatment study. MOSSBERG, D., P. L I L J E B E R G and S. BORG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Treatment of alcoholism and concomitant drugs of abuse.

ZEINER, A. R., T. STANITIS, M. S P U R G E O N and N. N I C H O L S

529

535

541

545

551

555

A n n o u n c e m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561

ALCOHOL

VOLUME 2 NUMBER 4 C O N T E N T S

JULY/AUGUST 1985

Editorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Articles

The perception of problem drinkers by general hospital staff, general practitioners and alcoholic patients. POTAMIANOS, G., D. W I N T E R , S. W. DUFFY, D. M. GORMAN and T. J. PETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

The effects of neurohypophyseal hormones on tolerance in the hypothermic effect of ethanol.

S Z A B 0 , G., G. L. KOVACS, S. SZI~KELI and G. T E L E G D Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567

Effects of scopolamine on spontaneous alternation and shuttle avoidance in rats exposed to alcohol in utero.

R O C K W O O D , G. A. and E. P. R I L E Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575

Voluntary consumption of ethanol and its consequences in C57 mice treated with 4-methyipyrazole.

GENTRY, R. T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581

Predicting the onset of compulsive drinking in alcoholics: A biopsychosocial model.

W A L L A C E , J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589

Neocortical involvement in the acquisition and retention of learned alcohol aversions in rats.

K I E F E R , S. W., C. W. M E T Z L E R and G. J. L A W R E N C E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597

Cardiorespiratory reflex effects induced by intravenous administration of ethanol in rats.

P E N N A , M., S. B R U G E R E , M. C A N A S and A. S A A V E D R A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

Effects of ethanol on eye movements in the monkey.

FUSTER, J. M., T. J. W I L L E Y and D. M. R I L E Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611

Organization of the commissurai projection to the dentate gyrus is unaltered by heavy ethanol exposure during gestation.

DEWEY, S. L. and J. R. WEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617

Elevated blood acetate as indicator of fast ethanol elimination in chronic alcoholics.

N U U T I N E N , H., K. L INDROS, P. H E K A L I and M. S A L A S P U R O . . . . . . . . . . . 623

Cyanamide injections during alcohol deprivation increase alcohol drinking.

S INCLAIR, J. D. and P. A. G R I B B L E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627

A n n o u n c e m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631

ALCOHOL

VOLUME 2 NUMBER 5 CONTENTS

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1985

Editor ia l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

A r t i c l e s

On the dissimilar effects of alcohol and aging on the perception of cognitive failings.

BRANDT, J. and D. G. PROVOST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633

Effects of ethanol and naitrexone on aggressive display in the siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens. GALIZIO, M., R. L. W O O D A R D and J. K E I T H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637

Ethanol and the pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone, follical stimulating hormone and prolactin in ovariectomized rats.

DEES, W. L., V. RETTORI , G. P. K O Z L O W S K I and S. M. M c C A N N . . . . . . . 641

Effect of acute and chronic ethanol treatment on renal prostaglandins in the rat.

A N G G A R D , E., A. W. JONES and A. N E R I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647

Acute ethanol administration: Effects on stress-induced gastric and duodenal ulcer in rats.

G L A V I N , G. B. and G. E. R O C K M A N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651

A comparison of ethanol absorption and narcosis in Long- and Short-Sleep mice following intraperitoneal or intragastric ethanol administration.

G I L L I A M , D. M., T. J. P H I L L I P S and B. C. D U D E K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655

Effect of ethanol on urine output in rats.

P O H O R E C K Y , L. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659

Maternal ethanol consumption: Effect on (Na+-K+)-ATPase in rat offspring.

DRUSE, M. J. and G. M. K E L L Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667

An experimental model of self-intoxication in C57 mice.

GENTRY. R. T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671

Steroid profiles in urine and plasma of alcoholics during withdrawal.

C R O N H O L M , T., T. CURSTEDT, D. N. SCHMIDT and J. S J O V A L L . . . . . . . . 677

Release of norepinephrine from the rat's hypothalamus perfused with alcohol: Relation to body temperature.

H U T T U N E N , P. and R. D. MYERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683

Brief C o m m u n i c a t i o n

Oral ethanol reinforcement in the rat: Effects of acute amphetamine.

P F E F F E R , A. O. and H. H. SAMSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693

Abstrac t s

Eleventh North Carolina Alcoholism Researchers' Forum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699

A n n o u n c e m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705

A L C O H O L

V O L U M E 2 N U M B E R 6

CONTENTS N O V E M B E R / D E C E M B E R 1985

E d i t o r i a l P r e f a c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709

Biochemical basis of alcoholism: Statements and hypotheses of present research. TOPEL, H . . . . . 711

I. ANIMAL MODELS 1N ALCOHOL RESEARCH .. 711

A. Criteria for Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711

B. Specific Strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 712

C. Special Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714

lI. ALCOHOL EFFECTS 1N LIVER METABOLISM 715

A. Alcohol Metabolism and Acceleration With Chronic Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

I. Pathways and systems of alcohol metabolism (survey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

2. Adaptive increase and energy parameters . . . 716

a. sodium pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717

b. carbohydrate metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718

B. Swift Increase and Concentration Effect . . . . . . . 719

I. The SIAM theory and the concentration effect (Swift Increase in Alcohol Metabolism) .. 719

a. genetic basis of SIAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719

b. energy problems of SIAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720

c. hormonal basis of SIAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721

C. The MEOS System: The Important Alternative (Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System) . . . . 721

1. Separation from system catalase-HzO~ . . . . . . 721

2. Discovery and mechanism of MEOS . . . . . . . 722

a. studies with different alcohols as sub- strates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723

3. Interactions alcohol-drugs by MEOS . . . . . . . 723

4. Genetically determined induction of MEOS 724

5. lsoenzymes of cytochrome P-450 in MEOS 724

lIl. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ACETALDEHYDE IN LIVER AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 725

A. Acetaldehyde Metabolism and Increase . . . . . . . . 725

I. Mechanism (survey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725

2. "Circulus vitiosus'" from the point of view of MEOS representative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726

3. Acceleration from the point of view of SlAM representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726

B. Genetic Disposition of Acetaldehyde Metabolism 727

I. lsoenzymes of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727

2. "Chronic aldehydism"--disposi t ion to addic- tion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728

C. investigations Relating to a "Mediator Role'" of Acetaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728

I. Evidence against the role of acetaldehyde in physical dependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728

2. Evidence for the role of acetaldehyde in ethanol preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729

D. Acetaldehyde Levels in the Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730

IV. ALCOHOL EFFECTS IN THE CENTRAL NERV- OUS SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732

A. Membranes and Membrane-Bound Enzymes . . . 732

I. The membrane hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732

a. primary perturbations of membranes by alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732

b. special problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733

2. Genetic differences in membrane structure .. 734

a. role of calcium binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735

3. Membrane-bound enzymes and alcohol . . . . . 735

a. Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase . . . . . . 736

b. adenylate cyclase (+ cAMP) . . . . . . . . . . . 736

B. Alcohol and Neurotransmitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738

1. Levels and turnover after alcohol consumption 738

2. Studies with inhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740

3. Dissociation of tolerance and cross tolerance from physical dependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741

a. experiments with 6-hydroxydopamine . . . 742

C, The Theory of Formation of Condensation Prod- ucts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743

I. Alcohol-related condensation products (sur- vey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744

2. Alkaloids in alcoholism and drug dependence? 745

3. Benzyl-tetrahydroisoquinolines and formation of higher morphines? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746

4. Central effects of tetrahydroisoquinolines . . . 747

5. Tetrahydro-~ocarbolines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748

6. In vivo evidence for the action ofcoodensat ion products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748

7. Animal experiments with alkaloids for induc- tion of addiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751

D. Alcohol and Neuropeptides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756

I. Arginine vasopressin and alcohol tolerance 756

a. dissociation of tolerance and dependence and tolerance and preference . . . . . . . . 756

2. Endorphins and alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757

a. levels after acute and chronic consumption 757

3. Opiate receptors and alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759

a. perturbation of function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759

4. Future perspectives: Common cri ter ia for alcohol and opiates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760

5. Condensation products---Common denomina- tor for alcohol and opiate addiction? . . . . 761

6. Genetic predisposition to addiction due to endorphin deficits? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762

V O L U M E I N D E X

V. C O N C L U S I O N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764

A. A l c o h o l M e t a b o l i s m in the L i v e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764

B. T h e Ro le o f A c e t a l d e h y d e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764

C . A l c o h o l E f f e c t s in t he C N S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765

1. F u n c t i o n a l t o l e r a n c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765 VI .

2. A l c o h o l n e u r o t r a n s m i t t e r s a n d c o n d e n s a t i o n p r o d u c t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765

3. A l c o h o l a n d n e u r o p e p t i d e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "65

D. P e r s p e c t i v e s in R e s e a r c h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766

R E F E R E N C E S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766

I n d e x t o V o l u m e 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789

VOLUME 2 1985

SUBJECT INDEX

Acetaldehyde alcohol and pregnancy, 267 aldehyde dehydrogenase, 111,357 animal model, 353

• brain catalase. 353. 357 cyanamide inhibition, 111 ethanol consumption, 353 ethanol levels, 267 metabolism, 111 place conditioning, 367 reinforcement, 367 self-administration, 367 voluntary ethanol consumption. 357

Acetaldehyde oxidation, 107 aldehyde dehydrogenase histamine metabolism

Acetaldehyde-protein adducts. 397 hemoglobin human studies plasma proteins

Acute ethanol intoxication. 3 ! catalase desferrioxamine superoxide dismutases

Acute tolerance, 297 anesthesia hexobarbital threshold doses

Adenosine, 287 ethanol tolerance strain differences theophylline

Afferent commissural system, 617 dentate gyrus ethanol fetal alcohol syndrome

Age differences, 327 alcohol selection inbred mice infantile handling

Aggression. 637 ethanol naltrexone Siamese fighting fish

Aging. 633 alcohol cognitive failings human studies

Alcohol aging. 633 anticonvulsant effects. 495 cognitive failings. 633 contingent tolerance. 495 human studies. 633 hypothalamus. 683 interdigitated phases. 173 lipid phase transitions, 173 seizures, 495 thermoregulation. 683 vasodilatation, 683

Alcohol abuse aldehyde dehydrogenase, 411

biochemical parameters, 411 human studies. 411 logistic regression model. 535 mortality, 535

Alcohol and pregnancy, 267 acetaldehyde ethanol levels

Alcohol consumption. 17 hamsters microsomal oxidase

Alcohol craving, 501 alcohol withdrawal syndrome anxiety human studies hyperventilation

Alcohol dehydrogenase alcohol metabolism. 43, 61 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 61.85 allelic variant. 47 amino acid exchanges, 61 atypical isoenzyme. 47 bromobenzene, 35 castration. 39 cDNA, 53 chromosome mapping. 53 coenzyme binding. 47 drosophila. 85 dual substrate studies. 3 ethanol. 13. 39 ethanol oxidation. 9 hepatic centrilobular damage. 35 inbred mice. 13 initial velocity equations. 3 isolated hepatocytes. 9 isotope effect. 9 microsomal ethanol oxidizing system.

9 mixed function oxidation. 13 mutant enzymes. 61 pharmacogenetics. 85 polymorphism. 53 retina. 43 substrate inhibition. 3 testosterone. 39 tolerance. 85 visual abnormalities. 43

Alcohol-deprivation. 627 alcohol selection cyanamide

Alcohol liver disease cholesterol. 447 hepatic hemodynamics. 453 human studies. 447 reflectance spectrophotometry. 453 subcellular fractionation. 447

Alcohol metabolism alcohol dehydrogenase. 43.61 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 61 amino acid exchanges. 61 blood acetate. 623 human studies, 443. 623 librium withdrawal therapy. 443

mutant enzymes. 61 retina, 43 visual abnormalities. 43

Alcohol P-450-oxygenase (APO). 23 cytochrome P-450 microsomal ethanol oxidation

Alcohol preference. 323 maternal consumption

Alcohol-preferring rats. 349 5-HT uptake inhibitors NE uptake inhibitors

Alcohol response, 515 genetics human studies

Alcohol selection age differences. 327 alcohol-deprivation. 627 cyanamide. 627 inbred mice, 327 infantile handling. 327

Alcohol sensitivity, 383 aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency human studies population genetics

Alcohol withdrawal, 419 cholinergic receptors human studies opiate receptors

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. 501 alcohol craving anxiety human studies hyperventilation

Alcoholic beverage sales. 541 distilled spirits liquor-by-the-drink

Alcoholic liver injury ballooning of hepatocytes. 303 chemiluminescence. 469 cytochrome oxidase. 163 Iobular oxygen gradient. 163 microtubules0 303 redox shift. 163 superoxide dismutase. 469

Alcoholics biopsychosocial model. 589 calmodulin, 433 compulsive drinking. 589 EGTA. 433 human studies, 433, 551 long-term abstinence. 551 platelet membrane. 433 relapse, 551

Alcoholics, offspring, 521 congenital malformations human studies polydrug abusers, offspring

Alcoholism aldehyde dehydrogenase. 391 biochemical markers, 405 classical conditioning, 507 concept evaluation, 563

concomitant drugs of abuse, 555 erythrocyte ALDH activity, 405 ethanol withdrawal, 429 event-related potentials, 529 family history, 525 gamma-glutamyltransferase, 545 genetics. 529 hemispheric specialization, 529 5-HIAA levels, 415 human studies. 415,525, 529, 555, 563 human studies, Japan, 391 human studies, males, 429, 507, 545 isozyme deficiency, 391 parental drinking, 525 platelet aggregation, 429 psychological distance. 563 state anxiety, 555 thromboxane formation, 429 urban drinking, 545

Aldehyde dehydrogenase acetaldehyde. 111,357 acetaldehyde oxidation, 107 alcohol abuse, 411 alcohol dehydrogenase, 61.85 alcohol metabolism, 61 alcoholism, 391 aldehyde reductase, 79 ALDH isozymes, 73 amino acid exchanges, 61 biochemical genetic analysis. 73 biochemical parameters, 411 brain catalase, 357 brain microvessels, 79 catalase, 117 cyanamide activation, 117 cyanamide inhibition. 111 cytoplasm, 67 cytoplasmic El enzyme, 375 disulfiram, 97 disulfiram-ethanol reaction, 123 drosophila, 85 ethanol. 91 ethanol elimination, 393 genetic analysis. 67 histamine metabolism. 107 human liver, 375 human studies. 411 human studies. Japan, 391 human studies, male. 393 isozyme deficiency, 391 isozymes. 67, 91 liver mitochondria, 123 metabolism. I 11 mitochondria. 67 mutant enzymes. 61 pharmacogenetics. 85 polymorphism, 393 secondary alterations. 91 structure-activity relationship. 123 thiol groups, 97 tolerance, 85 voluntary ethanol consumption. 357 voluntary ethanol intake, 361

Aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, 383 alcohol sensitivity human studies population genetics

Aldehyde reductase, 79 aldehyde dehydrogenase brain microvessels

ALDH I isozyme. 463 blood ethanol level

human studies portal blood flow

ALDH isozymes, 73 aldehyde dehydrogenase biochemical genetic analysis

Allelic variant. 47 alcohol dehydrogenase atypical isoenzyme coenzyme binding

Amino acid exchanges, 61 alcohol dehydrogenase alcohol metabolism aldehyde dehydrogenase mutant enzymes

Amino acid substitution, 103 atypical ALDH cDNA cloning molecular abnormality

Amphetamine, 693 concurrent schedules ethanol reinforcement self-administration

Anesthesia, 297 acute tolerance hexobarbital threshold doses

Animal models acetaldehyde, 353 brain catalase. 353 ethanol consumption, 353 free feeding rats, 317 oral self administration. 317

Anorexia. 343 voluntary ethanol consumption zimeldine

Anticonvulsant effects, 495 alcohol contingent tolerance seizures

Antioxidant-sensitive respiration. 457 iron exposure lipid peroxidation liver

Anxiety. 501 alcohol craving alcohol withdrawal syndrome human studies hyperventilation

Apnea. 603 bradycardia cardiorespiratory reflex ethanol hypotension

Arrhythmia, 309 chronic ethanol ingestion heart rate

ATPases, 145 ethanol norepinephrine

(Na'-K~)-ATPase, 667 ethanol prenatal exposure

Atypical ALDH, 103 amino acid substitution cDNA cloning molecular abnormality

Atypical isoenzyme, 47 alcohol dehydrogenase allelic variant coenzyme binding

Ballooning of hepatocytes. 303 alcoholic liver injury microtubules

Base exchange, 133 ethanol phospholipids synaptosomes

Behavioral teratology, 277 delayed taste aversion learning prenatal alcohol

Benzodiazepine receptors. 197 chronic alcoholism in vitro

Binding characteristics. 215 cerebellum CL-218,872 cortex :~H-flunitrazepam phenobarbital

Biochemical genetic analysis, 73 aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH isozymes

Biochemical markers alcoholism, 405 erythrocyte ALDH activity. 405 human studies. 677 steroid sulfates, 677 urine, 677

Biochemical parameters, 411 alcohol abuse aldehyde dehydrogenase human studies

Biology of alcoholism, 711 cross tolerance genetic differences hypnotic effect metabolic tolerance physical dependence

Biopsychosocial model. 589 alcoholics compulsive drinking

Biphasic. 659 diuresis ethanol tolerance

Blood acetaldehyde 2,3-butanediol. 401 ethanol, 271 human studies. 401 1.2-propanediol, 40 I reproductive cycle, 271

Blood acetate alcohol metabolism, 623 ethanol oxidation. 437 first pass metabolism, 437 human studies. 623

Blood ethanol level. 463 ALDH I isozyme human studies portal blood flow

Body temperature, 281 ethanol sensitivity sex differences strain differences

Bradycardia. 603 apnea cardiorespiratory reflex ethanol hypotension

Brain brain stem. 667 cerebellum. 215,667

corpus striatum. 249 cortex. 215 dentate gyrus, 221. 617 entorhinal cortex, 221 gustatory neocortex, 597 hippocampus, 227. 277 hypothalamus, 667, 683 locus coeruleus. 239 septohippocampal pathway, 231 striatum, 231,245 temporal cortex, 227

Brain catalase acetaldehyde. 353, 357 aldehyde dehydrogenase, 357 animal model. 353 ethanol consumption, 353 voluntary ethanol consumption, 357

Brain microvessels, 79 aldehyde dehydrogenase aldehyde reductase

Bromobenzene, 35 alcohol dehydrogenase hepatic centrilobular damage

2,3-Butanediol. 401 blood acetaldehyde human studies 1.2-propanediol

C57BL mice, 671 plasma ethanol concentrations self-intoxication voluntary ethanol consumption

Calcium. 153 ethanol hepatocytes plasma membrane

Calcium transport ethanol. 129 Na2"-Ca 2+ exchange. 129 human erythrocytes. 149 human studies. 149 potassium transport. 149

Calmodulin, 433 alcoholics EGTA human studies platelet membrane

Cardiorespiratory reflex. 603 apnea bradycardia ethanol hypotension

Castration, 39 alcohol dehydrogenase ethanol testosterone

Catalase acute ethanol intoxication. 31 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 117 cyanamide activation. 117 desferrioxamine. 3 I superoxide dismutases. 31

Catecholamine release. 139 depolarization ethanol tolerance neurotransmitters

cDNA. 53 alcohol dehydrogenase chromosome mapping polymorphism

cDNA cloning. 103 amino acid substitution atypical ALDH molecular abnormality

Cerebellum. 215 binding characteristics CL-218,872 cortex 3H-flunitrazepam phenobarbital

Chemiluminescence. 469 alcoholic liver injury superoxide dismutase

Chlordiazepoxide. 209 drug interaction ethanol hypothermia tolerance

Cholesterol. 447 alcohol liver disease human studies subcellular fractionation

Cholinergic activity, 231 ethanol inbred mice neurotransmitter interactions

Cholinergic receptors. 419 alcohol withdrawal human studies opiate receptors

Chromosome mapping. 53 alcohol dehydrogenase cDNA polymorphism

Chronic alcoholism benzodiazepine receptors. 197 human studies. 485 in vitro. 197 malnutrition. 485 skeletal myopathy. 485

Chronic ethanol ingestion. 309 arrhythmia heart rate

CL-218,872. 215 binding characteristics cerebellum c o r t e x

:~H-flunitrazepam phenobarbital

Classical conditioning, 507 alcoholism human studies, male

Coenzyme binding, 47 alcohol dehydrogenase allelic variant atypical isoenzyme

Cognitive failings. 633 aging alcohol human studies

Compulsive drinking. 589 alcoholics biopsychosocial model

Concept evaluation, 563 alcoholism human studies psychological distance

Concomitant drugs of abuse, 555 alcoholism human studies state anxiety

Concurrent schedules. 693 amphetamine

ethanol reinforcement self-administration

Conditioned taste aversion, 327 opiate-alcohol interaction receptor stereospecificity

Congenital malformations, 521 alcoholics, offspring human studies polydrug abusers, offspring

Contingent tolerance. 495 alcohol anticonvulsant effects seizures

Corpus striatum, 249 ethanol 5-hydroxytryptamine release in vivo dialysis

Cortex. 215 binding characteristics cerebellum CL-218,872 '~H-flunitrazepam phenobarbital

Corticosterone ethanol, 255 monoamines, 261 non-esterified fatty acids. 261 tryptophan oxygenase. 255

Cross tolerance, 711 biology of alcoholism genetic differences hypnotic effect metabolic tolerance physical dependence

Cyanamide. 627 alcohol-deprivation alcohol-selection

Cyanamide activation, 117 aldehyde dehydrogenase catalase '

Cyanamide inhibition, I 11 acetaldehyde aldehyde dehydrogenase metabolism

Cytochrome oxidase, 163 alcoholic liver injury Iobular oxygen gradient redox shift

Cytochrome P-450, 23 alcohol P-450 oxygenase (APO) microsomal ethanol oxidation

Cytoplasm, 67 aldehyde dehydrogenase genetic analysis isozymes mitochondria

Cytoplasmic EI enzyme, 375 aldehyde dehydrogenase human liver

Delayed taste aversion learning. 277 behavioral teratology prenatal alcohol

Dentate gyrus afferent commissural system, 617 ethanol, 617 fetal alcohol syndrome, 221,617 prenatal ethanol exposure, 221

Depolarization, 139 catecholamine release

ethanol tolerance neurotransmitters

Desferrioxamine, 31 acute ethanol intoxication catalase superoxide dismutases

Distilled spirits, 541 alcoholic beverage sales liquor-by-the-drink

Disulfiram, 97 aldehyde dehydrogenase thiol groups

Disulfiram-ethanol reaction, 123 aldehyde dehydrogenase liver mitochondria structure-activity relationship

Diuresis, 659 biphasic ethanol tolerance

Dopamine, 245 ethanol protein kinase striatum

Drosophila, 85 alcohol dehydrogenase aldehyde dehydrogenase pharmacogenetics tolerance

Drug acetaldehyde, 67, 85, 111, 123, 353,

366, 397 alcohol, 17, 31, 67, 149, 173, 197, 277,

303,521,551,575,597, 623. 627 allyl alcohol, 35 amphetamine, 139, 693 ascorbic acid, 397 (N+-K+)-ATPase, 667 atropine, 603 bromobenzene. 35 1-butanol, 3 calcium, 129, 139, 153 calmodulin, 433 CC14, 303 chlordiazepoxide, 209 chlorpropamide, 123 CL-218,872. 215 cyanamide. 11 I, 117, 627 cycloheximide, 255 dantrolene, 149 desipramine, 349 dextrorphan, 327 diazepam, 197 diethylether. 149 diethylmaleate, 27 1,2,dimethylhydrazine, 491 disulfiram, 97, 107, 123,433. 551 dopamine, 231 drosophila. 85 ethanol, 3. 13. 17, 27.31.35, 39, 43.57,

85, 91, 117, 123. 129. 133. 139. 145. 149, 153, 157, 163, 169, 173. 177. 183, 193, 203,209, 215, 221,227. 231,239, 245. 249. 255. 261,281. 287, 293,309, 313, 317. 323. 327, 339, 343. 349. 353. 357, 367, 401, 425. 473,479,491. 495, 511,567, 603,611,617. 623,637,641,647, 651,655. 659, 667, 671,677. 693

ethyl alcohol. 683 FLA-136. 339 flunitrazepam, 197

:~H-fiunitrazepam. 215 fluoxetine, 343,349 fiuvoxamine, 349 hexamethonium. 603 1-hexanol, 3 hexobarbital, 297 5-hydroxytryptamine. 177 levorphanol, 327 librium, 443 lithium chloride, 277 methanol, 173 4-methylpyrazole, 9, 581. 671 methylscopolamine, 575 methysergide, 349 morphine, 327 naloxone. 293,327 naltrexone, 637 norepinephrine, 145 pentobarbital, 197 phenobarbital, 215 phentolamine, 349 R-phenylisopropyl-adenosine, 287 propanol, 173 propoxyphene, 293 propranolol, 349 reserpine, 603 salsolinol, 193 scopolamine, 575 serotonin, 231 sertraline, 343 sodium azide, 117 sodium chloride, 277 theophylline, 287 thrombin, 177 tolbutamide, 123 triacylglycerol, 157 tryptophan, 255 tryptophan oxygenase, 255 tyramine, 139 zimeldine, 343

Drug discrimination analysis. 203 endogenous opiate pathways ethanol-induced behavior

Drug interaction chlordiazepoxide, 209 ethanol. 209. 293 hypothermia, 209 lethality, 293 propoxyphene. 293 tolerance, 209

Drug sensitivity, 239 intracellular recording spontaneous firing rate

Dual substrate studies. 3 alcohol dehydrogenase initial velocity equations substrate inhibitions

EGTA. 433 alcoholics calmodulin human studies platelet membrane

Endogenous opiate pathways, 203 drug discrimination analysis ethanol-induced behavior

Met-enkephalin release, 193 ethanol opiate receptors

Enzyme synthesis, 169 ethanol

glucocorticoid RNA dot-blot hybridization

Erythrocyte ALDH activity. 405 alcoholism biochemical markers

Essential fatty acids. 647 ethanol prostaglandins

Ethanol afferent commissural system, 617 aggression, 637 alcohol dehydrogenase, 13, 39.91 amphetamine, 693 apnea, 603 ATPases, 145 (Na'-K")-ATPase, 667 base exchange, 133 biphasic, 659 blood acetaldehyde, 271 bradycardia, 603 calcium, 153 calcium transport. 129 cardiorespiratory reflex, 603 castration, 39 chlordiazepoxide, 209 cholinergic activity, 231 concurrent schedules, 693 corpus striatum. 249 corticosterone. 255 dentate gyrus, 617 diuresis, 659 dopamine. 245 drug interaction, 209, 293 met-enkephalin release, 193 enzyme, 169 essential fatty acids, 647 Nae-Ca ~' exchange, 129 eye movements, 611 fatty acid metabolism. 157 Fc receptors, 425 fetal alcohol syndrome. 617 FLA-136, 339 follicle stimulating hormone, 641 glucocorticoid, 169 hepatocyte culture. 157 hepatocytes, 153 hippocampus. 227 histamine release. 313 human monocytes, 425 5-hydroxytryptamine, 177 5-hydroxytryptamine release, 249 hypotension, 603 hypothermia. 209 inbred mice. 13,231 in vitro. 425 in vivo dialysis, 249 isozymes, 91 lethality, 293 luteinizing hormone, 641 mast cells, 313 memory, 611 mixed function oxidation. 13 monkeys. 611 morphometry, 227 naltrexone, 637 neurotransmitter interactions, 231 norepinephrine. 145 norepinephrine turnover, 339 opiate receptors, 193 phosphatidylinositol, 183 phospholipids. 133, 177 plasma membrane. 153

platelets, 177 prenatal exposure, 667 prolactin, 641 propoxyphene, 293 prostaglandins, 647 protein kinase, 245 reinforcement, 693 reproductive cycle, 271 RNA dot-blot hybridization, 169 secondary alterations, 91 self-administration, 693 Siamese fighting fish, 637 stimulus-secretion coupling, 183 stress, 651 striatum, 245 submaxillary gland, 183 synaptosomes, 133, 313 temporal cortex, 227 testosterone, 39 thrombin, 177 tolerance, 209, 659 tryptophan oxygenase, 255 ulcers, 651 visual attention, 61 i voluntary ethanol intake, 339

Ethanol absorption, 655 pharmacogenetics route of administration strain differences

Ethanol consumption, 353 acetaldehyde animal model brain catalase

Ethanol elimination, 393 aldehyde dehydrogenase human studies, male polymorphism

Ethanol hypothermia, 567 ethanol tolerance oxytocin sleep vasopressin

Ethanol-induced behavior. 203 drug discrimination analysis endogenous opiate pathways

Ethanol-induced infertility, 479 reproductive failure testicular morphology

Ethanol ingestion, 473 folate excretion folic acid deficiency human studies

Ethanol levels. 267 acetaldehyde levels alcohol and pregnancy

Ethanol metabolism. 57 fatty acid oxidation hepatocytes respiratory inhibitors

Ethanol oxidation alcohol dehydrogenase, 9 blood acetate, 437 first pass metabolism. 437 isolated hepatocytes, 9 isotope effect, 9 microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, 9

Ethanol reaction profiles. 51 I eye movements human studies

Ethanol sensitivity, 281 body temperature

sex differences strain differences

Ethanol tolerance adenosine, 287 catecholamine release, 139 depolarization, 139 ethanol hypothermia, 567 neurotransmitters, 139 oxytocin, 567 sleep, 567 strain differences. 287 theophylline, 287 vasopressin, 567

Ethanol withdrawal, 429 alcoholism human studies, males platelet aggregation thromboxane formation

Event-related potentials, 529 alcoholism genetics hemispheric specialization human studies

Na2*-Ca 2+ exchange, 129 calcium transport ethanol

Eye movements ethanol, 611 ethanol reaction profiles, 51 l human studies, 51 l memory. 61 l monkeys, 611 visual attention, 61 l

Family history. 525 alcoholism human studies parental drinking

Fatty acid metabolism, 157 ethanol hepatocyte culture

Fatty acid oxidation, 57 ethanol metabolism hepatocytes respiratory inhibitors

Fc receptors. 425 ethanol human monocytes in vitro

Fecal alcohol dehydrogenase, 491 rectal carcinogenesis

Fetal alcohol syndrome afferent commissural system, 617 dentate gyrus. 221,617 ethanol. 617 prenatal ethanol exposure, 221

First pass metabolism. 437 blood acetate ethanol oxidation

FLA-136. 339 ethanol norepinephrine turnover voluntary ethanol intake

:~H- Flunitrazepam, 215 binding characteristics cerebellum CL-218,872 c o F l e x

phenobarbital Folate excretion, 473

ethanol ingestion

folic acid deficiency human studies

Folic acid deficiency, 473 ethanol ingestion folate excretion human studies

Follicle stimulating hormone, 641 ethanol luteinizing hormone prolactin

Free feeding rats, 317 animal models oral self administration

Gamma-glutamyltransferase. 545 alcoholism human studies, males urban drinking

Genetic analysis, 67 aldehyde dehydrogenase cytoplasm isozymes mitochondria

Genetic differences, 71 l biology of alcoholism cross tolerance hypnotic effect metabolic tolerance physical dependence

Genetics alcoholism, 529 alcohol response, 515 event-related potentials, 529 hemispheric specialization. 529 human studies. 515, 529

Glucocorticoid, 169 enzyme synthesis ethanol RNA dot-blot hybridization

Glutathione-depletion, 27 glutathione S-transferase lipid peroxidation

Glutathione S-transferase, 27 glutathione-depletion lipid peroxidation

Gustatory neocortex. 597 learned alcohol aversions

Hamsters, 17 alcohol consumption microsomal oxidase

Heart rate. 309 arrhythmia chronic ethanol ingestion

Hemispheric specialization, 529 alcoholism event-related potentials genetics human studies

Hemoglobin. 197 acetaldehyde-protein adducts human studies plasma proteins

Hepatic centrilobular damage. 35 alcohol dehydrogenase bromobenzene

Hepatic hemodynamics, 453 alcohol liver disease reflectance spectrophotometry

Hepatocyte culture, 157 ethanol fatty acid metabolism

Hepatocytes calcium. 153 ethanol. 153 ethanol metabolism, 57 fatty acid oxidation, 57 plasma membrane, 153 respiratory inhibitors, 57

Hexobarbital, 297 acute tolerance anesthesia threshold doses

5-HIAA levels. 415 alcoholism human studies, male

Hippocampus, 227 ethanol morphometry temporal cortex

Histamine metabolism, 107 acetaldehyde oxidation aldehyde dehydrogenase

Histamine release, 313 ethanol mast cells synaptosomes

Hormone insulin. 169 prolactin, 641 prostaglandins, 647 testosterone, 39

5-HT uptake inhibitors. 349 alcohol-preferring rats NE uptake inhibitors

Human erythrocytes, 149 calcium transport human studies potassium transport

Human liver, 375 aldehyde dehydrogenase cytoplasmic El enzyme

Human monocytes. 425 ethanol Fe receptors in vitro

Human studies acetaldehyde-protein adducts. 397 aging, 633 alcohol, 633 alcohol abuse. 41 I alcohol craving. 501 alcohol liver disease. 447 alcohol metabolism. 443. 623 alcohol response. 515 alcohol sensitivity. 383 alcohol withdrawal. 419 alcohol withdrawal syndrome. 501 alcoholics, 433,551 alcoholics, offspring. 521 alcoholism. 525,529, 555, 563 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 411 aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency.

383 ALDH I isozyme. 463 anxiety, 501 biochemical markers. 677 biochemical parameters. 411 blood acetaldehyde. 401 blood acetate. 623 blood ethanol revel. 463

2,3-butanediol. 401 calcium transport, 149 calmodulin, 433 cholesterol, 447 cholinergic receptors, 419 chronic alcoholism, 485 cognitive failings, 633 concept evaluation, 563 concomitant drugs of abuse, 555 congenital malformations, 521 EGTA, 433 ethanol ingestion. 473 ethanol reaction profiles, 511 event-related potentials, 529 eye movements, 511 family history, 525 folate excretion, 473 folic acid deficiency, 473 genetics, 515,529 hemispheric specialization, 529 hemoglobin, 397 human erythrocytes, 149 hyperventilation, 501 librium withdrawal therapy. 443 long-term abstinence, 551 malnutrition, 485 opiate receptors, 419 parental drinking, 525 plasma proteins. 397 platelet membrane, 433 polydrug abusers, offspring, 521 population genetics, 383 portal blood flow, 463 potassium transport, 149 1.2-propanediol, 401 psychological distance, 563 relapse. 55 I skeletal myopathy, 485 state anxiety, 555 steroid sulfates, 677 subcellular fractionation, 447 urine. 677

Human studies, Japan, 391 alcoholism aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme deficiency

Human studies, males alcoholism. 415,429, 507. 545 aldehyde dehydrogenase, 393 classical conditioning. 507 ethanol elimination, 393 ethanol withdrawal, 429 gamma-glutamyltransferase, 545 5-HIAA levels, 415 platelet aggregation, 429 polymorphism, 393 thromboxane formation, 429 urban drinking. 545

5-Hydroxytryptamine, 177 ethanol phospholipase platelets thrombin

5-Hydroxytryptamine release, 249 corpus striatum ethanol in vivo dialysis

Hyperventilation, 501 alcohol craving alcohol withdrawal syndrome anxiety human studies

Hypnotic effect, 711 biology of alcoholism cross tolerance genetic differences metabolic tolerance physical dependence

Hypotension. 603 apnea bradycardia cardiorespiratory reflex ethanol

Hypothalamus, 683 alcohol thermoregulation vasodilatation

Hypothermia, 209 chlordiazepoxide drug interaction ethanol tolerance

Inbred mice age differences. 327 alcohol dehydrogenase, 13 alcohol selection. 327 cholinergic activity. 231 ethanol. 13,231 infantile handling. 327 mixed function oxidation. 13 neurotransmitter interaction. 231

Infantile handling. 327 age differences alcohol selection inbred mice

Initial velocity equations. 3 alcohol dehydrogenase dual substrate studies substrate inhibition

lnterdigitated phases. 173 alcohol lipid phase transitions

lntracellular recording. 239 drug sensitivity spontaneous firing rate

In vitro benzodiazepine receptors, 197 chronic alcoholism. 197 ethanol, 425 Fc receptors. 425 human monocytes, 425

In vivo dialysis. 249 corpus striatum ethanol 5-hydroxytryptamine release

Iron exposure. 457 antioxidant-sensitive respiration lipid peroxidation liver

Isolated hepatocytes, 9 alcohol dehydrogenase ethanol oxidation isotope effect microsomal ethanol oxidizing system

Isotope effect. 9 alcohol dehydrogenase ethanol oxidation isolated hepatocytes microsomal ethanol oxidizing system

Isozyme deficiency, 391 alcoholism

aldehyde dehydrogenase human studies, Japan

Isozymes aldehyde dehydrogenase. 67 aldehydrogenase, 91 cytoplasm, 67 ethanol, 91 genetic analysis, 67 mitochondria. 67 secondary alterations, 91

Learned alcohol aversions, 597 gustatory neocortex

Lethality, 293 drug interaction ethanol propoxyphene

Librium withdrawal therapy, 443 alcohol metabolism human studies

Lipid peroxidation antioxidant-sensitive respiration, 457 glutathione-depletion, 27 glutathione S-transferase, 27 iron exposure. 457 liver, 457

Lipid phase transitions, 173 alcohol interdigitated phases

Liquor-by-the-drink, 541 alcoholic beverage sales distilled spirits

Liver. 457 antioxidant-sensitive respiration iron exposure lipid peroxidation

Liver mitochondria, 123 aldehyde dehydrogenase disulfiram-ethanol reaction structure-activity relationship

Lobular oxygen gradient, 163 alcoholic liver injury cytochrome oxidase redox shift

Logistic regression model. 535 alcohol abuse mortality

Long-term abstinence. 551 alcoholics human studies relapse

Luteinizing hormone. 641 ethanol follicle stimulating hormone prolactin

Malnutrition, 485 chronic alcoholism human studies skeletal myopathy

Mast cells, 313 ethanol histamine release synaptosomes

Maternal consumption. 323 alcohol preference

Memory, 611 ethanol eye movements

monkeys visual attention

Metabolic tolerance. 711 biology of alcoholism cross tolerance genetic differences hypnotic effect physical dependence

Metabolism, 111 acetaldehyde aldehyde dehydrogenase cyanamide inhibition

Method chromosome mapping. 53 computer-assisted image analyses. 221 gas liquid chromatography, 677 horseradish peroxidase, 221,617 immunohistochemistry, 303 NADH fluorescence. 163 reflectance spectrophotometry, 453 RNA dot-blot hybridization. 169 spectral analysis, 511 ultrasonic pulsed doppler method, 463

4-Methylpyrazole, 581 plasma ethanol concentrations voluntary ethanol consumption

Microsomal ethanol oxidation, 23 alcohol P-450-oxygenase (APO) cytochrome P-450

Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system. 9 alcohol dehydrogenase ethanol oxidation isolated hepatocytes isotope effect

Microsomal oxidase, 17 alcohol consumption hamsters

Microtubules. 303 alcoholic liver injury ballooning of hepatocytes

Mitochondria, 67 aldehyde dehydrogenase cytoplasm genetic analysis isozymes

Mixed function oxidation. 13 alcohol dehydrogenase ethanol inbred mice

Molecular abnormality. 103 amino acid substitution atypical ALDH cDNA cloning

Monkeys. 611 ethanol eye movement memorx visual attention

Monoamines. 261 corticosterone non-esterified fatty acids

Morphometry. 227 ethanol hippocampus temporal cortex

Mortality. 535 alcohol abuse logistic regression model

Mutant enzymes. 61 alcohol dehydrogenase alcohol metabolism aldehyde dehydrogenase amino acid exchanges

Naltrexone, 637 aggression ethanol Siamese fighting fish

NE uptake inhibitors. 349 alcohol preferring rats 5-HT uptake inhibitors

Neurotransmitter interactions, 231 cholinergic activity ethanol inbred mice

Neurotransmitters. 139 catecholamine release depolarization ethanol tolerance

Non-esterified fatty acids. 261 corticosterone monoamines

Norepinephrine. 145 ATPases ethanol

Norepinephrine turnover, 339 ethanol FLA- 136 voluntary ethanol intake

Opiate-alcohol interaction, 327 conditioned taste aversion receptor stereospecificity

Opiate receptors alcohol withdrawal, 419 cholinergic receptors. 419 ethanol, 193 human studies. 419 met-enkephalin release. 193

Oral self administration, 317 animal models free feeding rats

Oxytocin, 567 ethanol hypothermia ethanol tolerance sleep vasopressin

Parental drinking. 525 alcoholism family history human studies

Peptide adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

711 arginine vasopressin (AVP). 711 follicle stimulating hormone. 641 luteinizing hormone. 641 oxytocin. 567 vasopressin, 567

Pharmacogenetics alcohol dehydrogenase, 85 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 85 drosophila. 85 ethanol absorption. 655 route of administration. 655 strain differences, 655 tolerance. 85

Phenobarbital, 215 binding characteristics cerebellum CL-218,872 cortex :~H-flunitrazepam

Phosphatidylinositol, 183 ethanol stimulus-secretion coupling submaxillary gland

Phospholipids base exchange, 133 ethanol, 133, 177 5-hydroxytryptamine, 177 platelets, 177 synaptosomes, 133 thrombin, 177

Physical dependence, 711 biology of alcoholism cross tolerance genetic differences hypnotic effects metabolic tolerance

Place conditioning, 367 acetaldehyde reinforcement self-administration

Plasma ethanol concentrations C57BL mice, 671 4-methylpyrazole, 581 plasma ethanol concentrations. 581 self-intoxication, 671 voluntary ethanol consumption, 581,

671 Plasma membrane, 153

calcium ethanol hepatocytes

Plasma proteins, 397 acetaldehyde-protein adducts hemoglobin human studies

Platelet aggregation, 429 alcoholism ethanol withdrawal human studies, males thromboxane formation

Platelet membrane, 433 alcoholics calmodulin EGTA human studies

Platelets, 177 ethanol 5-hydroxytryptamine phospholipids thrombin

Polydrug abusers, offspring. 521 alcoholics, offspring congenital malformations, human studies

Polymorphism alcohol dehydrogenase, 53 aldehyde dehydrogenasc, 393 cDNA, 53 chromosome mapping. 53 ethanol elimination. 393 human studies, male

Population genetics. 383 alcohol sensitivity aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency human studies

Portal blood flow. 463 ALDH I isozyme blood ethanol level human studies

Potassium transport. 149 calcium transport

human erythrocytes human studies

Prenatal alcohol, 277 behavioral teratology delayed taste aversion learning

Prenatal alcohol exposure, 575 scopolamine shuttle avoidance spontaneous alternation

Prenatal ethanol exposure, 221 dentate gyrus fetal alcohol syndrome

Prenatal exposure, 667 (Na+-K+)-ATPase ethanol

Prolactin, 641 ethanol follicle stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone

1,2-Propanediol, 401 blood acetaldehyde 2,3-butanediol human studies

Propoxyphene, 293 drug interaction ethanol lethality

Prostaglandins, 647 essential fatty acids ethanol

Protein kinase, 245 dopamine ethanol striatum

Psychological distance, 563 alcoholism concept evaluation human studies

Receptor stereospecificity, 327 conditioned taste aversion opiate-alcohol interaction

Rectal carcinogenesis, 491 fecal alcohol dehydrogenase

Redox shift, 163 alcoholic liver injury cylochrome oxidase Iobular oxygen gradient

Reflectance spectrophotometry, 453 alcohol liver disease hepatic hemodynamics

Reinforcement acetaldehyde, 367 amphetamine. 693 concurrent schedules. 693 ethanol, 693 place conditioning, 367 self-administration. 367, 693

Relapse. 55 I alcoholics human studies long-term abstinence

Reproductive cycle, 271 blood acetaldehyde ethanol

Reproductive failure, 479 ethanol-induced infertility testicular morphology

Respiratory inhibitors. 57 ethanol metabolism

fatty acid oxidation hepatocytes

Retina, 43 alcohol dehydrogenase alcohol metabolism visual abnormalities

RNA dot-blot hybridization, 169 enzyme synthesis ethanol glucocorticoid

Route of administration, 655 ethanol absorption pharmacogenetics strain differences

Scopolamine, 575 prenatal alcohol exposure shuttle avoidance spontaneous alternation

Secondary alterations, 91 aldehyde dehydrogenase ethanol isozymes

Seizures, 495 alcohol anticonvulsant effects contingent tolerance

Self-administration acetaldehyde, 367 amphetamine, 693 concurrent schedules. 693 ethanol, 693 place conditioning, 367 reinforcement. 367. 693

Self-intoxication, 671 C57BL mice plasma ethanol concentrations voluntary ethanol consumption

Sex differences, 281 body temperature ethanol sensitivity strain differences

Shuttle avoidance, 575 prenatal alcohol exposure scopolamine spontaneous alternation

Siamese fighting fish, 637 aggression ethanol naltrexone

Skeletal myopathy, 485 chronic alcoholism human studies malnutrition

Sleep. 567 ethanol hypothermia ethanol tolerance oxytocin vasopressin

Spontaneous alternation. 575 prenatal alcohol exposure scopolamine shuttle avoidance

Spontaneous firing rate, 239 drug sensitivity intracellular recording

State anxiety, 555 alcoholism concomitant drugs of abuse human studies

Steroid sulfates, 677 biochemical markers human studies urine

Stimulus-secretion coupling, 183 ethanol phosphatidylinositol submaxillary gland

Strain differences adenosine, 287 body temperature, 281 ethanol absorption. 655 ethanol sensitivity, 281 ethanol tolerance, 287 pharmacogenetics, 655 route of administration, 655 sex differences, 281 theophylline, 287

Stress, 651 ethanol ulcers

Striatum, 245 dopamine ethanol protein kinase

Structure-activity relationship, 123 aldehyde dehydrogenase disulfiram-ethanol reaction liver mitochondria

Subcellular fractionation. 447 alcohol liver disease cholesterol human studies

Submaxillary gland, 183 ethanol phosphatidylinositol stimulus-secretion coupling

Substrate inhibition, 3 alcohol dehydrogenase dual substrate studies initial velocity equations

Superoxide dismutase acute ethanol intoxication, 31 alcoholic liver injury, 469 catalase, 31 chemiluminescence, 469 desferrioxamine, 31

Synaptosomes base exchange, 133 ethanol, 133,313 histamine release, 313 mast cells, 313 phospholipids, 133

Temporal cortex. 227 ethanol hippocampus morphometry

Testicular morphology. 479 ethanol-induced infertility reproductive failure

Testosterone, 39 alcohol dehydrogenase castration ethanol

Theophylline, 287 adenosine ethanol tolerance strain differences

Thermoregulation, 683 alcohol hypothalamus vasodilatation

Thiol groups, 97 aldehyde dehydrogenase disulfiram

Threshold doses, 297 acute tolerance anesthesia hexobarbital

Thrombin, 177 ethanol 5-hydroxytryptamine phospholipids platelets

Thromboxane formation, 429 alcoholism ethanol withdrawal human studies, males platelet aggregation

Tolerance alcohol dehydrogenase. 85 aldehyde dehydrogenase. 85 biphasic, 659 chlordiazepoxide, 209 diuresis, 659 drosophila, 85 drug interaction, 209 ethanol. 209. 659 hypothermia, 209 pharmacogenetics, 85

Tryptophan oxygenase. 255 corticosterone ethanol

Ulcers, 651 ethanol stress

Urban drinking. 545 alcoholism gamma-glutamyltransferase human studies, males

Urine. 677 biochemical markers human studies steroid sulfates

Vasodilatation. 683 alcohol hypothalamus thermoregulation

Vasopressin, 567 ethanol hypothermia ethanol tolerance oxytocin sleep

Visual abnormalities, 43 alcohol dehydrogenase alcohol metabolism retina

Visual attention, 611 ethanol eye movements memory monkeys

Voluntary ethanol consumption acetaldehyde, 357 aldehyde dehydrogenase, 357 anorexia, 343 brain catalase, 357 C57BL mice, 671 4-methylpyrazole, 581 plasma ethanol concentrations, 581,

671 self-intoxication, 671 zimeldine, 343

Voluntary ethanol intake aldehyde dehydrogenase, 361 ethanol, 339 FLA-136, 339 norepinephrine turnover, 339

Zimeldine, 343 anorexia voluntary ethanol consumption

A U T H O R I N D E X

Abe, H., 463 Adachi, J., 393 Agarwal, D. P., 383, 391,411 Aguilar, Ph. Van Den Bosch de,

227 Alderman, J,. 9.91 Aleo, M. D., 209 Algar, E. M., 67 Alkana. R. L., 145. 281 Altshuler, H. L.. 197 Amit, Z., 333. 339. 343,353,

357, 361. 367

Anderson. R. A., Jr., 479 Anggard. E., 647 Aragon. C. M. G.. 339,353,357.

361

Baker. R. C., 287 Baker, S. P., 309 Baraona, E.. 163. 271. 437 Bart. R. D.. 39 Bejanian, M., 281 Berry. M. N., 57 Bertotucci. D., 535

Bingol, N., 521 Blose. J. O., 541 Bodd, E., 293 Bolander, H. G., 297 Boone, D. C., 281 Borg. S.. 415, 419, 551 Bowden, C. L., 433 Boyer, J. L., 153 Brandt. J., 633 Brick, J., 261 Brugere, S., 603 Bi)hler, R., 47

Caberos, L. P., 177 Cairns. S. R., 447 Caldwell, K. K., 149 Canas, M., 603 Carpentier, R. G., 309 Casazza, J. P.. 401 Chan, A. W. K., 209 Chawla, S.. 85 Chen, J., 145 Clothier, J.. 443 Collins, T. D., 473 Coon, M. J., 23

Cote. J.. 85 Crankshaw. D. L., 17 Crews, F. T., 313 Cronholm, T.. 183. 677 Crow, K. E.. 39 Curstedt, T.. 183,677 Czygan, P., 491

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Ebel, A., 231 Eckey, R.. 383 Ellingson, R. J.. 17 Elliott, C. R.. 17

Fagerhol, M. K., 425 Farres. J., 43 Fenn, G. C., 177 Fernandez. V.. 457 Finn, D. A., 281 Forte-McRobbie, C. M.. 375 Fraser. P. S., 123 Fuchs, M., 521 Fuhrmann, G., 231 Fujiwara, S., 393 Fukunaga, T.. 393 Fusamoto, H., 453 Fuster, J. M., 611

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Hagihara, S., 35 Hall, R., 525 Harada, S.. 383, 391,411

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Lang, A., 511

Lau You Hin, G., 85 Lawrence. G. J.. 597 Lee, J. M.. 419 Lehtinen. 1.. 51 I Leong. F. W.. 209 Li. "I-.-K., 349 Lieber. C. S., 9, 13.91. 163.

271,437 Liljeberg, P., 415,551 Liljequist, S., 215 Lindros, K.. 623 Littleton, J. M., 133. 139, 177 Loomes, K. M., 97 Lowbeer. C., 429 Lucchi, L.. 193,245 Lumeng, L., 349. 397 Lynch. M. A.. 139

McBride, W. J., 349 McCann. S, M., 641 McMartin, K. E.. 473

Malin, H., 535 Mana, M. J., 495 Martin, F.. 485 Mather, P. B.. 67 Matsuda, Y., 303,405 Matsumura, T., 463,469 Meier, P. J., 153 Metzler, C. W., 597 Meyer, L. S.. 277 Michaelis, M. L., 129 Mills. P. R., 153 Miyake, K., 411 Mizoi, Y., 393 Morland, B., 425 MCwland, J., 255. 293,425 Mossberg. D., 415,551 Murphy, J. M., 349 Muuronen, A., 429 Myers, R. D.. 683

Nagasawa, H. T., 117, 123 Nagata, S.. 35 Neri. A.. 647 Neville, H. J.. 529 Newlin, D. B.. 507 Ng Cheong Ton, J. M., 333 Nhamburo, P. T.. 133 Nichols. N., 555 Nordmann, R., 31 Numminen, H.. 429 Nuutinen, H., 623 Nyrke, T., 51 I

Ogren, S. O., 339, 343 Olsen, H., 293 Oswald, C.. 479

Pagonis. C., 139 Pakkanen, A.. 511 Pards, X.. 43 Penna. M., 603 Peters, T. J., 447,485, 563 Petersen. D. R., 79 Peterson, B., 545 Pfeffer, A. O., 693 Phillips, J. W., 57 Phillips. T. J., 655 Pielruszko. R.. 375 Pinel, J. P. J., 495 Pocket, Y.. 3

Pohorecky. L. A.. 261. 65q Posner, P.. 309 Potamianos, G., 563 Povey, S.. 73 Prasad, J. S., 17 Proctor. W. R., 287 Prostko, C. R.. 169 Provost, D. G., 633

Radouco-Thomas. C.. 85 Radouco-Thomas. S.. 85 Raymond, K. W.. 3 Redetzki. H, M.. 473 Reed, K., 443 Reed. T. E., 515 Reilly. E. L.. 443 Renfrey. G., 495 Rettori, V.. 641 Reyes. E.. 323. 327 Ribiere. C.. 31 Riley. D. M.. 611 Riley, E. P.. 277, 575 Rius. R. A., 193,245 Rockmam G. E.. 651 Rockwood. G. A., 575 Roelofs. S. M. G. J.. 501 Rottenberg. H., 203 Roulet, Th., 227 Rowe, E. S.. 173 Rusk. [.. 339

Saavedra. A., 603 Sabourault. D., 31 Salaspuro, M., 623 Samson. H. H.. 317. 693 Samuel, D.. 139 Sanchis, R.. 267 Sanny. C.. 91 Santisteban, I.. 73 Sasaki, Y.. 453. 463 Sato, H.. 303 Sato. N., 453. 463. 469 Schanley, D. L., 209 Schmidt. A. L.. 529 Schmidt. D. N+, 677 Seitz, H. K., 491 Shefner, S. A., 239 Shiao. C.-Q.. 473 Shigeta, Y., 35 Shippenberg. T. S,, 197 Shirota, F+ N.. 117, 123 Sinaceur, J., 31 Sinclair, J. D.. 627 Sippel. H. W., 27 Si0vall. J.. 677 Smith. B. R.. 367 Smith. M.. 53, 73 Snapc, B. M., 249 Socaransky. S. M , . 339. 361 Spurgeon. M., 555 Stabenau. J. R.. 525 Smnitb,, T.. 555 Sternklar. G., 353 Stone. R, K., 521 Stowell, L., 255 Stumpo, D. J., 169 Svanas, G. W., I 1 I Syapin, P. J., 145, 281 Szab0. G.. 567 Szekeli, S.. 567

Tabakoff, B., 215,239,419

Takada, A., 303. 405 Takagi, T.. 9 Takahashi, H., 35 Takase, S., 303,405 Tani, K., 103 Tannenbaum, L., 437 Tehan. T., 129 Telegdy, G., 567 Tipton, K. F., 107 Todoroki, T.. 35 Topel. H., 711 Trabucchi, M., 193. 245

Trell. E., 545 Tsuchiya, M.. 35 Tsutsumi, M., 405

Uchima, E., 463 Ueno, Y., 393 U'Prichard, D., 419

Valenzuela. A.. 457 Valverius, P., 415,419 Van Natta. P., 535 Veech. R. L., 401

Veith. S.. 491 Videla. L. A.. 457 yon Wartburg. J.-P.. 47

Wahlstrom, G., 297 Waldherr, R.. 491 Walker, D. W.. 309 Wallace, J., 589 Wallace. P. G., 57 Waller. M. B., 349 Ward. K.. 107,485 Wasserman, E.. 521

Weiner. H., I I 1 Weir. D. G.. 107 West. J. R.. 221,617 Willey. T. J.. 611 Willis, B. R.. 479 Winter. D., 563 Woodard. R. L., 637

Yasuhara. M.. 303 Yoshida, A., 103 Yoshihara. H., 453,463 Zeiner. A. R., 555