., INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR EV20001 Environmental Science Mid-Semester Exam - Section 1 B. Tech. (BT, 1M, MA, EX); No. of Students: 170 Autumn 2016 Time: 2 Hrs Full Marks: 30 Q. 1. Answer any five (Each question carries 2 marks) a) What do you understand by 'emergent properties' and 'Eltonian Pyramid'?' b) Explain C3 and C4 plants with respect to their efficiency in converting solar energy to biomass? c) Compute mass of Carbon in atmosphere @ 395 ppm concentration? d) Provide an illustration to show that 'Biodiversity decreases towards the poles' e) There are 15 species in community A, and 25 species in community B; and they have 12 species in common between them. Find out Sorenson's co-efficient to indicate species similarity between the two communities. f) Differentiate between conventional and anthropogenic biomes Q. 2. Answer all (Each question carries 3 marks) a) Draw the 'Break-point chlorination curve' and explain. b) What is detergent? Discuss how it cleans the cloth. What are the important components of detergents? c) What do you mean by CBOD and NBOD? Discuss the principle involved in the determination of BOD. d) You have a one Iiter sam pIe which contains 100 mg of CaCh, 50 mg of MgCh and 30 g ofNa2S04. What is the hardness of the sample water expressed as mg/L ofCaC0 3 ? Do you consider it as 'hard water'? [At. Wt. ofCa=40, Mg=24, Na=23, S=32, CI=35.5] e) Determine the I-day BOD and ultimate first-stage BOD for a wastewater whose 5-day 20 "C BOD is 200 mg/L. The reaction constant k (base e) = 0.23 d- l . What would have been the 5- day BOD if the test had been conducted at 25°C? Q. 3. Write notes on (any two) (Each question carries 2.5 marks) a) Activated sludge process b) Eutrophication c) Sulfur cycle
Q. 1. Answer any five (Each question carries 2 marks)a) What do you understand by 'emergent properties' and 'Eltonian Pyramid'?'b) Explain C3 and C4 plants with respect to their efficiency in converting solar energy tobiomass?c) Compute mass of Carbon in atmosphere @ 395 ppm concentration?d) Provide an illustration to show that 'Biodiversity decreases towards the poles'e) There are 15 species in community A, and 25 species in community B; and they have 12species in common between them. Find out Sorenson's co-efficient to indicate species similaritybetween the two communities.f) Differentiate between conventional and anthropogenic biomes
Q. 2. Answer all (Each question carries 3 marks)a) Draw the 'Break-point chlorination curve' and explain.b) What is detergent? Discuss how it cleans the cloth. What are the important componentsof detergents?c) What do you mean by CBOD and NBOD? Discuss the principle involved in thedetermination of BOD.d) You have a one Iiter sam pIe which contains 100 mg of CaCh, 50 mg of MgCh and 30 gofNa2S04. What is the hardness of the sample water expressed as mg/L ofCaC03? Do youconsider it as 'hard water'? [At. Wt. ofCa=40, Mg=24, Na=23, S=32, CI=35.5]e) Determine the I-day BOD and ultimate first-stage BOD for a wastewater whose 5-day 20"C BOD is 200 mg/L. The reaction constant k (base e) = 0.23 d-l. What would have been the 5-day BOD if the test had been conducted at 25°C?
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Autumn 2016MID-SEMESTER EXAM - Section 2B.Tech. (AE, MF, CE, QD) - No. of students (184)
Total marks: 30Total time: 2 hours
I. a) Define Air Pollution. Write the types and sources of air pollutants with examples.b) Define atmospheric stability and temperature inversions and explain the importance ofthese in the mixing process of air pollutantsc) What are the Greenhouse gases and what is Greenhouse effect? (2 + 2 + 1 = 5 marks)
2. a) Define Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).b) What are the Environmental Parameters forms EIA Group?c) List out and explain the factors covered under physical, chemical and human impact for
EIA (1 + 1 + 3 = 5 marks)
3. (a) What is the basic concept of an air quality model?(b) What are the different types of air quality models based on different applications?(c) List out assumptions of Gaussian Air Pollution Dispersion Model and write basic
4. (a) Describe the Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) and it's importance?(b) Write the list of procedures adopted for ISWM?(c) Write the method of preparation of composting? (2 + 2 + 1 = 5 marks)
5 (a) Write short notes on Hazardous Waste Management elucidating the Treatment andDisposal Methods? (5 marks)
6. (a) Define Ecology?(b) Explain the simplest model for population growth?(c) Schematically explain the Energy flow in a Ecosystem? (1 + 2 + 2 = 5 marks)
EV20001
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AUTUMN 2016Total marks: 30
Total time: 2 hoursMID-SEMESTER EXAM - Section 3B.Tech. (AG, ME), Total students -184
I. (a) Consider an area-source box model for air pollution above a peninsula of land, givenlength of the box is 15 km, its width is 80 km, and a radiation inversion restricts mixingto 15m. Wind is blowing clean air into the long dimension of the box at 0.5 m/s. between4 and 6PM there are 250,000 vehicles on the road, each being driven 40km and eachemitting 4g/km of CO. estimate the concentration of CO at 6PM if there was no CO inthe air at 4PM. Assuming that CO is conservative and that there is instantaneous andcomplete mixing in the box. (3.5)(b) A tall stack and a nearby short stack have plumes as shown in figure below. Whichatmospheric temperature profile would be most likely to cause that pair of plumes. Thedotted lines represent the dry adiabatic lapse rate. (2.5)
Plnle$,, .. ' " (ll;), '.' (b)
2. (a) Write short notes on (2x2)(i) Atmospheric stability and Mixing Depth(ii) Temperature Inversion
(b) Write a short note on photochemical smog? (1.5)(c) Suppose atmospheric CO2 is growing at 2 ppm/yr, fossil fuel and cement emissionsare 9 GtC/yr, and the airborne fraction is 38%. If the only other carbon emissions areassociated with land use changes, estimate their net carbon emission rate. (2.0)(d) Write a short note on different climate feedbacks. (1.5)
3, (a) Suppose the human population follows a logistics curve until it stabilizes at 15.0billion. 12006, the world's population was 6.6 billion, and its growth rate was 1.2 percent.When would the population reach 7.5 billion - one half of its assumed carrying capacity?
(2.5)(b) What is energy and biomass pyramid? Is the law of thermodynamics violated as youmove from bottom to top of these pyramids? Justify your answer. (2.0)(c) Write short note on transplant experiment. (1.5)
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EV20001
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AUTUMN 2016Total marks: 30
Total time: 2 hoursMID-SEMESTER EXAM - Section 3B.Tech. (AG, ME), Total students - 184
4. (a) An air conditioner generates a noise level of 75 dB for five minutes every hour, anelectric fan generates a noise level of 60dB for ten minutes every hour in a house. ]f thebackground noise level of the house is 55 dB, compute the equivalent continuous level.
(2.5)(b) If the distance between the source and the receiver is doubled then find out the noiselevel for the following cases (i) for a point source (ii) for a non-point source. (2.5)
5. (a) Describe different methods used to control the soil pollution.(b) Describe different indicators used to measure soil degradation.
(2)(2)
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EV20001
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AUTUMN 2016MID-SEMESTER EXAM - Section 4B.Tech. (NA, MI, MT), Total students - 151
Total marks: 30Total time: 2 hours
Part A (15 Marks)Answer any THREE (3x5)
1. Drawa neat labelled diagram to illustrate the components of a noise environment.
2. What are the main characteristics of noise? Discuss the impacts of noise.
3. A student has measured the noise of a machine at a location and reported it as 60dB. Determine the
sound pressure level at that location in mPa.
4. The sound level measured for 4 machines in a factory from a location of a worker are 75dB, 6BdB, 73dB
and BOdB respectively. If all the machines are working simultaneously calculate the sound level at the
location of the worker.
5. What is A-weighting in measuring noise level in dBA? Does dBA represent sound pressure level of a noise
source?
Part B (10 Marks)Answer any FIVE (2x5)
5. What do you understand by 'emergent properties' and 'Eltonian Pyramid'?'
6. Explain C3 and C4 plants with respect to their efficiency in converting solar energy to biomass?
7. Compute mass of Carbon in atmosphere @ 395 ppm concentration?
B. Provide an illustration to show that 'Biodiversity decreases towards the poles'
9. There are 15 species in community A, and 25 species in community B; and they have 12 species in
common between them. Find out Sorenson's co-efficient to indicate species similarity between the two
communities.
10. Differentiate between conventional and anthropogenic biomes
Part C (5 Marks)
11. Drawa figure and explain different atmospheric stability regions. (2)
12. A 20 11mdiameter particle with density 1450 kg rn" had been hurled to a height of BOOO m during a
volcanic eruption. Estimate the number of days it requires reaching the ground (sea level). The viscosity
of the air is 0.0172 g mol s'. Assume that the viscosity of air does not change with height. (3)
-%-Prepared by Dr. K. Pathak (Part A), Dr. M. D. Behera (Part 13)and Dr. A. K. Palm (ParI C)
