Indian Museums

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MUSEUMS IN INDIA

Towards Universal Access

AUTHORSAbhishek Ray (Founding Member, Principal Architect)

Rohini Ramkrishnan (Researcher)

ORGANISATIONSDisability Research and Design Foundation (DRDF)Matrika Design Collaborative

TRANSED, 2012


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MUSEUMS IN INDIA- TOARDS UNI!ERSA" A##ESSvervie!

a" Museums in the #ndian Conte$t

b" Addressing Physical and

#ntellectual Access in Museums

c" ur Pro%ects as Case &tudies'

Creatin Museums in erita e

Disability Research and Design Foundation

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&tructures

d" Challenges and #ssues

Manav &angrahalaya, /hopal


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MUSEUMS IN INDIAhe Museum As A Public &pace

Indian museum, Kolkata, photograph by FrancisFrith, between 1850s- 1870s

Indian museum, Kolkatasource www!cityknown!com


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a" .0.1' Museum at the Asiatic &ociety o2 /engal (no! #ndian

Museum)3 opened up to the public in .010

a" +urocentric4 5estern Museum Model' collection centric

b" oday, appro$" 67- museums in #ndia

c" *e! pro%ects being commissioned around #ndia


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NE MUSEO"OG$&hi2t From raditional Museology

GUAHATI DE#"ARATION, 1%&&

Follo!ing the con2erence on 8*e! Museology and #ndian Museums9

Advocates having museums as trusts, in the hands o2

8representatives o2 the concerned communities9

Promotes a democratised approach to museums in #ndia

Promotes the opening up o2 8ne! channels o2 t!o'!ay

communication !ith various sections o2 the community9


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UNI!ERSA" A##ESS IN MUSEUMS

Physical Access


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+conomicAccess

#ntellectual

Access#*C:;*


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#REATING IN#"USI!E MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ESA Collaborative +22ort

Client

DesignConsultant

CuratorialAuthorities

TechnologySensitisation

and Training

Pro%ect

Consultants

Conservatorsand eritageAuthorities

Legislationand Policy

Room for Trialand Error

AcquiringResources

(RO)E#TS


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ISSUES TO ADDRESSSensi*isa*ion and Trainin+ Reire.en*s

pproach )o

p'D

GO!ERNAN#E


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ARRIER /REE A##ESS AS A STARTING (OINT

*eed to=

Promote an #ntrinsic ;nderstanding o2 ;niversal Design and #nclusion

Progress /eyond only Considering Ramps and :i2ts

ISSUES TO ADDRESS&ensitisation and raining Re>uirements


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"EGIS"ATION*ational :evel

(ERSONS ITH DISAI"ITIES EUA" O((ORTUNITIES,(ROTE#TIONO/ RIGHTS AND /U"" (ARTI#I(ATION3 A#T, 1%%4Recognises the rights o2 persons !ith disabilities in every sphere o2 activity

and mandates barrier'2ree access in all public places and publictransportation systems

5A##ESSI"E, 2001(Archaeological &urvey 2 #ndia (A), under the Ministry o2 Culture)

MINISTR$ O/ TOURISM5 NATIONA" TOURISM (O"I#$, 2002Does not address the issue o2 Accessibility and /arrier Free +nvironment


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"EGIS"ATION#nternational :evel

UNITED NATIONS DE#"ARATION O/ HUMAN RIGHTS, 1%7&Article 6' +veryone has the right to 2reely participate in the cultural li2e o2

the community, to en%oy the arts and to share in scienti2ic advancement and

its bene2its

UNITED NATIONS #ON!ENTION ON THE RIGHTS O/ (ERSONS ITH,

Article ?-' Recognises the rights o2 persons !ith disabilities to take part onan e>ual basis !ith others in cultural li2e

ENAME #HARTER, 200%(#ssued by #CM&' #nternational Council on Monuments and &ites)

utlines the basic principles o2 #nterpretation and Presentation as essential

components o2 heritage conservation e22orts and as a means to enhance

public appreciation and understanding o2 cultural heritage sitesDisability Research and Design Foundation

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"ulti-touch table, Interacti'e screen,

ISSUES TO ADDRESS#ntroducing *e! echnology

#he $ntario %cience &entre,

&anada

e a es o ora * t on, ew

ealand

ideo %creens in "useums,)*perience .ab (ebsite

Re>uires Approvals

/udgetary Constraints

Conte$tual Adaptation#ssues o2 Po!er &upply

Maintenance and ;pkeep

Phase' 5ise Approach

*eed 2or rial And +rror to develop /est

Practice &olutionsDisability Research and Design Foundation

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Ada9*in+ Tec:nolo+; *o Si* "ocal #on*e


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MUSEUM (RO)E#TSM+D:


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" A##ESS TO THE MUSEUM SITE;niversal Physical Access' Check :ist

a" Developing +lements o2 /uilding Access

b" Accessible ransportation o and From &ites

o2 #nterest

c" Facilitating Accessibility 5ithin he

Destination &ited" Providing *avigation Aids

e" Providing +levator Access 5herever

Re uired

2" Creating :i2ting Plat2ormsg" Creating Ramps

h" Accessible amenities and &ervices' Museum

&hops, oilets and Ca2eterias


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" A##ESS TO THE MUSEUM SITE


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" A##ESS TO THE MUSEUM SITEArms and Armoury Museum, Amritsar

Museum displaying arms and armaments (dated .0th'.th century C"+")


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#ndependent


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" A##ESS TO THE MUSEUM SITE&ummer Palace Museum, Amritsar

Museum on the :i2e and imes o2 &ikh Ruler, Mahara%a Ran%it &ingh


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%outh Fa2ade o3 %ummer 4alace, ambagh%ource "atrika esign &ollaborati'e

an6it %ingh in his arbar,miniature painting on paper


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Proposed design 2or a ramp

&hall lead people onto the outer plinth 2rom the ground level to the main

building entrance

Palace has 2our levels' basement level, ground 2loor, 2irst 2loor and

terrace level3 !hile an elevator is there2ore a necessary re>uirement 2orinclusive internal access, the construction o2 an elevator or ramp inside

the heritage building is not possible, and there2ore presents itsel2 as an

e$ample o2 design issues !hich can arise !hen developing inclusive

solutions in heritage building structures"


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#REATING IN#"USI!E MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ESBisitor &tudies bservational, &tatistical, Participatory

a> /indin+s ?ro. O@serva*ionS*dies

Case studies at other museums

around #ndia


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ES&triking a balance= o ouch or *ot o ouchE

*eed to 2acilitate Multi'&ensory and #mmersive Bisitor +$periences


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4hotographer "att ucklo


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DIS("A$ING ORIGINA" ARTI/A#TSCase Displays !ith accompanying


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ESands on +$periences !ith riginal Arti2acts

Gided Toc: TorsBisitors are invited to touch original art!orks

Sel?-Gided Toc: Tor

ouchable ob%ects are identi2ied by labels

Handlin+ Sessions and O*:er Tac*ile E


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ESands on +$periences !ith riginal Arti2acts

Certain Arte2acts need not be encased o!ing to &ie or Durability

here2ore automatically presents opportunity 2or actile +$perience


RA*&+D -.# $eaded Shi%a! SPS Museum! &ashmir' ) cm * +) cm * ,- cm


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#REATING UNI!ERSA" MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ESMediated e$periences

In*erac*ive Toc: Screen- !an Go+: (ain*in+


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Ipad pp


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Tac*ile (ain*in+ #rea*ed on Te


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Raised i.a+es


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Raised .mage of the Mona Lisa!/aVinci Museum

Terracotta $ar0an Tiles! c1 #rdcentury C1E1

#REATING UNI!ERSA" MUSEUM E'(ERIEN#ES


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I9ads *o read Di+i*sed Manscri9*s



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#ouch screen interacti'ity- igitised manuscripts,

%ource &lay Interacti'e .td!

sketch Interacti'e kiosk

design, optimum height

/ulgashat-i-4un6ab "anuscript, 4un6ab


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Tac*ile Models, Re9licas


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Ram"agh! 2ainting from 3ulgashat'i'Pun4a"manuscri2t

Amritsar 0alled city ma2'early +th century

Model of Ca2itol Monument! Visit the 51S1 Ca2itolE6hi"its


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!ir*al Tors o*:er *ors inclde Adio Gide !er@al Tors3


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#he /oogle rt 4ro6ect

TO SUM U(


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TO SUM U(Ba" he Focus is on Bisitor +$perience

b" ;niversal Access should be #ntrinsic to all Museum and eritage Pro%ects

c" Conservation and eritage +$perts need to understand the +ssential

value o2 #nclusion in order to +$plore !ays to create ;niversal Access

d" *eed 2or Participatory Approach


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e" &ensitisation and raining is necessary 2or all &takeholders

2" Much study needs to be conducted on=

he Diverse Bisitor *eeds and +$periences in #ndian Museums

he use o2 echnology in #ndian Museums

5ays to create ;niversal #ntellectual Access


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THAN6 $OUC

Disability Research and Design Foundation4

Matrika Design Collaborative


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, ,

Poonam *agarAndheri +ast

Mumbai'1---?

#*D#A

+mail=rayabhishek"drd2Ggmail"comrohini"drd2Ggmail"com

5ebsite= !!!"drd2online"inPhone: +91-22-42640696

Fax: +91-22-28212272

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