INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED PROPOSED … in the plant are based on the accepted requirements...

6(b) – Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals.

INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

PROPOSED CAPACITY EXPANSION OF TOP TERMINAL

AT

VAZHAVANTHANKOTTAI VILLAGE

TRICHY DISTRICT

TAMILNADU

EIA REPORTCategory & Schedule

“B” - 6(b) – Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals.

Prepared By

JULY 2018

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

PROPOSED CAPACITY EXPANSION OF IOCL TRICHY TERMINAL

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) has a terminal at Trichy for the purpose of

receipt, storage and dispatch of petroleum products such as Motor Spirit (MS), High-

Speed Diesel (HSD), Superior Kerosene (SKO), Ethanol and Biodiesel. The Trichy

terminal receives petroleum products (MS, HSD, SKO) through CTMPL pipelines from

CPCL refinery, Manali and Ethanol through Road Tankers from Local sugar factories.

The existing storage units consist of different types of aboveground and underground

tanks. Dispatch from the installation is done by tank Lorries. Oil receiving terminal with

an existing capacity of 41,782 KL and now proposes to install storage tanks for High

Speed Diesel and Biodiesel. After expansion, the storage capacity will increase to 72,022

KL.

NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE

Petroleum Industry plays a crucial role in meeting the daily needs of the common man

but also contributes significantly towards Industrial and Economic Growth of the

Nation. The demand for petroleum products has increased with the urbanization of the

places in Tamil Nadu. In order to meet the demand and to meet ministry guideline in

10% ethanol doping criteria, IOCL proposes to increase the storage capacity of their

existing Trichy terminal.

The proposed project is meant for improving supply position of POL products in the

villages and small towns around Trichy.

PROJECT LOCATION

The terminal is an area of 65 Acres has located at Survey Nos. 179pt, 187pt, 188, 189,

190, 191, 192, 193pt, SIDCO Women’s Industrial Estate, Vazhavanthankottai Village,

Thuvakudi post, Thiruverumbur Taluk, Trichy District, Tamilnadu.

The latitude-longitude of the terminal is 9°51'3.79"N; 78°1'47.31"E. The Environmental

setting of the project site is shown in Table 1. The location map of the project is shown

in Figure 1.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ii

TABLE 1 - ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS OF THE PROJECT SITE

S. No. Particulars Details

1 Latitude 9°51'3.87"N

2 Longitude 78°1'47.34"E

3 Site Elevation above MSL 134 m

4 Topography Plain

5 Present land use at the site Industrial

6 Nearest highway National Highway - NH-7 (Varanasi-Kanyakumari)

7 Nearest railway station Tiruparankundram Railway Station – 4.94 km (NE)

8 Nearest airport Madurai International Airport – 6.64 km (ESE)

9 Nearest town/city Koothiyarkundu – 1.92 km (NNE)

Madurai – 12.6 km (NE)

10 Waterbody

Thenkarai Pond – 6.41 km (NE)

Avaniyapuram Lake – 8.6 km (ENE)

Nallathangal Pond – 9.39 km (ENE)

11 Nearest Port Tuticorin Port – 122 km (SSE)

12 Hills / valleys Thiruparankundram Hill – 5.18 km (NE)

Samanar Malai – 8.17 km (NNE)

13 Archaeologically

important places

Thiruparankundram – 5.2 km (NE)

Rock Samanar Malai, Keelakuilkudy – 6.6 km (NNE)

Rock cut bas-relief and beds and a mutilated Jain

stone image, Karadipatti – 8.65 km (N)

14

National Parks / Wildlife

Sanctuaries/ Eco-sensitive

zones as per Wild Life

Protection Act, 1972

Nil in 10km radius

15 Reserved / Protected

Forests Nil in 10km radius

16 Seismicity Seismic Zone-II (Low Damage Risk Zone) as per

IS:1893 (Part 1): 2002

17 Defense Installations Nil in 10 km radius


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

iii

FIGURE 1 - LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

iv

FIGURE 2.2 - SITE LAYOUT

Future Tanks

Water Tanks

Ethanol Tanks

MS Tanks

HSD Tanks


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

v

FIGURE 3 – ROAD CONNECTIVITY MAP


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

vi

MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

The present storage capacity of Terminal is total 41,782 KL. After expansion, the storage

capacity will be 72,022 KL.

TABLE 2 - TANK DETAILS

S.No Type Capacity (KL)

Product Product

conversion Remarks

Existing Proposed

1 FRVT 3455 - MS -

NO CHANGE

(Development

of in-tank

blending of Bio-

Diesel in 3 x

3835 KL Tanks)

2 FRVT 3455 - MS -

3 IFRVT 2600 - MS -

4 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

5 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

6 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

7 CRVT 6063 - HSD MS

8 CRVT 6063 - HSD MS

9 CRVT 1830 - SKO -

10 CRVT 1830 - SKO -

11 CRVT 1830 - SKO -

12 FRVT 250 - Trans mix

Tank -

13 IFRVT 2600 - MS ETHANOL

FRVT MS tank

to

IFRVT Ethanol

tank

14 AGH 120 - ETHANOL - CRVT HSD

Tanks to

IFRVT MS

Tanks

15 AGH 120 - ETHANOL -

16 CRVT 2 x

15000 HSD

All HSD tanks

with provision

for online B-5

blending

17 UGH 2 x 200 BIODIESEL B-100

FRVT - Floating Roof Vertical Tank CRVT - Cone Roof Vertical Tank UG – Underground Tank IFRVT – Internal Floating Roof Vertical Tank


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

vii

DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS

The Trichy Pumping & Delivery station at Women’s SIDCO Industrial Park,

Valavanthankottai is operated by IOCL Pipeline Division. The terminal functions

primarily as Petroleum products storage and distribution facility. The terminal

operations are categorized as,

1. The Products are received through CTMPL pipelines from CPCL Refinery,

Manali (MS, HSD, SKO) and Ethanol & Biodiesel through Road Tankers.

2. Unloading of Ethanol & Biodiesel from Road Tankers in their designated tanks

through Pumps

3. Storage in Aboveground & Underground Tanks

4. Loading in Tank Trucks through Pumps

1. Receipt of product

Petroleum products are received through CTMPL pipelines from CPCL Refinery,


2. Unloading and Storage

Products will be stored in designated above ground and Underground tanks.

3. Loading & Dispatch

Empty Tank Lorries which report to the Terminal are sent to tank lorry filling

bays. They are filled through loading arms fitted in the bays. Products come to

the loading arm from the products tank through pump provided in the pump

house. The quantity filled in the tank lorry is measured by flow meters fitted in

the bay. After Checking the right quantity the tank lorry is sent to retail outlets.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

viii

FIGURE 2.1 - PROCESS FLOW CHART

INFRASTRUCTURE AT THE FACILITY

The lists of facilities/ equipments present and proposed at the Terminal are as given in Table 3.

TABLE 3 - Fire Fighting Equipments – IOCL Trichy TOP Terminal

S. No Equipment Total Number / Capacity

Fire FIGHTING APPLIANCES/EQUIPMENTS/CHEMICALS

1 Fire Tenders/ Firefighting engines 2 no’s 2 Water storage capacity (KL) 5200 KL

3 Fire Hoses 88 no’s 4

Jet/Fog/Spray Nozzles

Foam Branch

40 no’s

8 no’s

5 Foam Compound (KL) 8.3 KL

SAFETY EQUIPMENTS

1 PVC Suit +1 no’s

2 Compressed air B.A. Set 2 no’s

3 Refill Cylinders for B.A. Set 2 no’s

4 Fire Proximity Suit 2 no’s


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ix

LIST OF MARKETING TERMINAL FACILITIES

1. MS Storage (20 MØ x 12M ht) 2 x 3455 KL 2. MS Storage (8 MØ x 7.5M ht) 1 x250 KL 3. SKO Storage (14 MØ x 12 ht) 2 x 1830 KL 4. HSD Storage (14 MØ x 12 ht) 1 x 1843 KL 5. HSD Storage (18 MØ x 15 ht) 3x 3835 KL 6. HSD Storage (22 MØ x 16 ht) 2 x 6063 KL

7. Ethanol Storage (3.5 MØ x 12 M Lg)

2 x 120 KL

8. Tank lorry filling (TLF) (11.2 x 5.0m)

2 bays

9. Drinking water sump 5 x 5m & 1m Deep

10. Water tank 2 x (16mØ x 13m) 1 x (18mØ x 13m))

11. Tank lorry decantation (TLD) 4 Bays 12. Vapor recovery system 8m x 5m 13. Bio Remediation Pit 22mx16mx1.5m 14. Water Tank (16 MØ x 13m) 3 nos. (2x2600KL & 1x5200KL) 15. Fire Fighting pump house 24m x 9m 16. Water sump 6m x 4m x 2m deep 17. Pump house (28m x 6m) 7 Pumps

*Source: IOCL Trichy Terminal

LAND REQUIREMENT

The total land area available in Trichy Terminal is around 65 Acres. The total land is

under the possession of IOCL, purchased from SIDCO industrial estate. The land use

break up is available in Table 2.3.

TABLE 2.4: LAND USE BREAKUP

S. No Usage Area (Acres) Percentage

1. Constructed Area 0.76 1.68

2. Process Area 9.58 21.29

3.

Open space, Road, Parking Area &

Future Development area

39.66 43.70

4. Greenbelt 21.45 33.00

Total 65 100


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

x

POWER REQUIREMENT & SOURCE

The total power required during operation phase is about 405 KVA which is being met

from TANGEDCO. No additional power requirement envisaged post-expansion.

In absence of power supply, this will be met from DG sets. D.G sets specifications are

detailed in Table 2.2.

DETAILS ON D.G SETS

S. No. Capacity (KVA) Number Fuel used Stack height

From GL (m)

1 160 1 HSD BS III 7.5

2 250 2 HSD BS III

RAW MATERIAL

Products such as MS, HSD, SKO are received through CTMPL (Chennai Trichy Madurai

Pipe Lines) pipelines from CPCL Refinery, Manali and Ethanol & Biodiesel are received

through Road Tankers.

Unloading of Ethanol & Biodiesel from Road Tankers in their designated tanks through

Pumps

WATER REQUIREMENT, SOURCE & WASTEWATER GENERATION

The maximum consumption of water for the terminal after expansion will be 9.42 KLD

which will be sourced from SIDCO (State Agency of the State of Tamilnadu). Water

requirement is provided in Table 2.5 and Water Balance in Table 2.6.

WATER REQUIREMENT (EXISTING)

Sl. No. Particulars Quantity

(KLD)

Waste water generation

1

Domestic

Use

Drinking – 1.35

3.5

1.94 KLD

(To Septic tank and Soak

pit) Flushing – 2.15

2 Canteen 3.0 4 KLD

(Water will be reused for

Greenbelt Development

after treated in OWS)

3 Fire water Testing and Make up

requirement 2

Total 8.5


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xi

WATER REQUIREMENT (PROPOSED)


(KLD)

Waste

water

generation

1 Domestic Use Drinking – 1.54

3.92 2.14 KLD Flushing – 2.38

2 Canteen 3.5

4.4 KLD 3

Fire water Testing and Make up

requirement 2

Total 9.42 6.54

PROJECT COST

The total project cost for the proposed expansion is around Rs. 2378.46 lakhs.

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Primary baseline environmental monitoring studies were conducted during January

2018 to March 2018 and details are as follows:

Meteorology - The predominant wind direction during the study period was from East

to West direction with average wind speed of 1.65 m/s. Maximum relative humidity is

around 92%. The minimum temperature recorded is 21°C while maximum temperature

is 41°C.

Air Environment- The maximum and minimum concentrations of PM10 were recorded as

58.1 g/m3 and 32.8 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the

Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The maximum and

minimum concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 27.2 g/m3 and 15.9 g/m3

respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the Agaram and the minimum

concentration was recorded at Kiliyur. The maximum and minimum SO2 concentrations

were recorded as 7.5 g/m3 and BDL (<5). The maximum concentration was recorded at

Project site. The maximum and minimum NOx concentrations were recorded as 18.1 g/m3

and 7.8 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum

concentration was recorded at Kiliyur. The maximum CO concentrations were recorded as

0.26 mg/m3 and the minimum was BDL (<0.1) mg/m3. The Lead concentrations were

recorded as BDL (<0.1) in all locations. The maximum THC concentrations were recorded

as 178 g/m3.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xii

Noise Environment - Noise levels during daytime were found to be in the range 45.5 to

52.6 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 52.6 dB (A) at Thuvakudi and a

minimum of 45.7 dB (A) were observed at Kiliyur. Noise levels observed to fall in the

range 37.6 to 43.7 dB (A) during the night time. A maximum of 43.7 dB (A) was observed

at Kappalur and a minimum of 38.7 dB (A) were observed at Utchapatti. Measured noise

levels are observed to be in compliance with prescribed standards for ambient noise for the

respective applicable categories.

Water Environment - The analysis of groundwater results indicate that the average pH

ranges in between 7.13 – 7.59, TDS ranges from 302 mg/l - 1819 mg/l, Total Hardness

ranges from 160 mg/l - 901 mg/l, iron content BDL(<0.05) – 0.13 mg/l, nitrate content

ranges from 1 mg /l –57 mg/l was observed.

Soil Environment: The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been

observed that the pH of the soil was ranging from 6.88 to 8.27 indicating the soils are basic

in nature. The conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.058 to 0.237 mS/cm. Since the EC value

is less than 2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to be Non-saline in nature. The texture of the soil

sample is predominantly loam. Soil organic content varied from 0.81 to 1.47 % which

indicates the very low level of organic matter. The available nitrogen content ranges

between 243 to 471 mg/kg in the locality and the value of phosphorus content varies

between 28.4 to 82.6 mg/kg. This indicates that the soil has very high quantities of Nitrogen

and Phosphorus. The potassium content varies from 196 to 342 mg/kg which indicates that

the soils have high quantities of potassium. From the above observations, it was found that

the soil in the Study area shows moderate fertility.

Ecological Environment: There is no Wildlife Sanctuary / National Park found in the

study area. There are no endemic and endangered species of flora and fauna within the

study region.

Socio-Economic Environment: As per 2011 census, the study area consists of

2,722,290 persons inhabited. The literacy level of the study area is 83.23%. As per 2011

census records, altogether the main workers works out to be 39.75% of the total

population. The marginal workers constitute to 4.83% of the total population

respectively.

III. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Ambient Air Environment - Industry operation involves receipt, storage and


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xiii

distribution of petroleum products only. No Manufacturing is involved and hence, no

significant emissions will be there from the proposed expansion project except DG sets,

which are used during power failure only. The adequate height of stacks and acoustic

enclosure will be provided to DG sets as per guidelines of CPCB to facilitate the

dispersion of flue gases into the atmosphere.

Impact on Water Environment - No effluent shall be generated because no industrial

process is involved, as it is a receipt, storage and dispatch of petroleum products

terminal. Domestic sewage will be treated through STP of capacity 10KLD. Oily

wastewater from the washing of the facilities will be treated in the Oil Water Separator

(OWS). Oil water separator shall be in place and to be connected to tank-farm, TLF

Gantry and Pump house. No wastewater will be discharged outside the premises.

Impact on Ambient Noise Environment - The source of noise generation within the

terminal are DG sets operation and vehicular traffic. DG sets are fitted with acoustic

enclosures and will be operated during power shutdown. Greenbelt has been developed

around the terminal, which works as a barrier for noise.

Solid and Hazardous Waste Generation - Municipal solid waste generated from IOCL

terminal will be collected and disposed of through local bodies. Oily Sludge generated

during tank cleaning in every five years will be treated through Bioremediation method.

Other hazardous wastes like spent batteries, waste oil, empty drums of oil/chemicals,

fluorescent tubing etc. are disposed of in accordance with approved safe procedures.

Details on Fire Protection System and Safety Measures - Fire Fighting Facilities

provided in the plant are based on the accepted requirements stipulated in OISD-STD-

117.

Fire Fighting Facilities

1) Fire Water Tanks 3 Nos. with storage capacity (1 X 3309KL & 2 X 2604KL) 8517

KL (For 4 Hour Firefighting) for handling Double Contingency.

2) Fire Engines 6 Nos. each having capacity of 616 m3/hour (Diesel driven- 4 Main

& 2 standby).

3) Jockey pumps 4 Nos. each having capacity of 40 KL/hr and 616 KL/hr. (Electrical

& Mechanical driven).

4) Fire Hydrant System


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xiv

5) Hydro Carbon Detection system (HCD) at Class - A storage tanks & at product

pump house.

6) Sprinkler system & HVLRs Systems are provided in appropirate places

7) Foam Pourer System on all product tanks.

8) Emergency Shutdown Devices are provided in appropriate places.

Fire Protection System

1) Emergency Shutdown ESD installed at LIC, Control Room, Security Room, PH &

TLF.

2) Manual Call Point MCP installed in all Strategic locations.

3) Local ESD at TLF Gantry.

4) Fire Fighting Trolley and Emergency Kit trolley available.

Impact on Socioeconomic Environment - Existing IOCL Terminal after expansion

shall meet increased demand for Petroleum products in nearby districts in Tamil Nadu.

It will have a positive impact on the socio-economic conditions of the area.

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Environmental monitoring plan for operation phases of the proposed expansion of

Trichy terminal has been prepared to ensure efficiency of implemented mitigation

measures. In order to implement the proposed environmental management program

efficiently within the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines

and mid-course corrections/actions, the environmental cell is established for successful

implementation of the monitoring plan.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xv

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for IOCL Trichy Terminal

Environmental Component

Project stage

Parameter Standards Location Duration / Frequency

Implementation Supervision

Ambient Air Operation Phase

HC and VOC

-- Terminal Loading Facilities

Tank Farm area

Six Monthly Environmental Cell of IOCL or MoEF&CC / NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO & HC on Boundary of Terminal

National Ambient Quality Standards

At boundary wall in upwind and downwind direction at boundary of Terminal

Continuous 24-hourly once in a month during operation phase

IOCL through MoEF&CC / NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Water Quality Operation Phase

As per IS: 10500 for relevant parameters in consultation with TNPCB

As Water quality standards (IS 10500)

Petroleum Products Storage and filling gantry facilities

Once in a year IOCL through MoEF&CC/ TNPCB/NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Noise Measurements

Operation Phase

Noise Level in dB (A)

As per National Noise standards

At the Terminal Terminal

Loading Facilities

Truck Parking Area

24-hourly measurement, once quarterly during the operation phase

IOCL through MoEF&CC /TNPCB/ NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xvi

V. BENEFITS OF PROPOSED EXPANSION

The project will improve supply position of the Petroleum products in Tamil Nadu,

which is vital for economic growth as well as improving the quality of life. The

improved petroleum supply will have strong logistical support for delivering the

products to customers at better quality and better price. Availability of product in the

vicinity of demand location will be reduced price. Delivery distance by tankers which in

turn will reduce trucks on the road reducing the vehicular load on the already strained

public roads, thereby reducing the noise pollution as well as air pollution at local levels

and also reduced the probability of accidents on the roads due to less movement of

tank trucks. Establishment of large developmental projects improves the availability of

the physical infrastructures like approach roads, drainage, communication and

transportation facilities etc.

VI. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

Air Environment Management - Adequate greenbelt has been developed within the

existing terminal to mitigate the air and noise pollution arising due to movement of

vehicles at the existing terminal. Regular monitoring of DG stack and ambient air quality

monitoring will be carried out.

Water Environment Management - Sewage generated from the terminal will be

treated through STP. Oily wastewater from the washing of the facilities will be treated

in the Oil Water Separator (OWS). No wastewater will be discharged outside the

premises.

Noise Environment Management - The source of noise generation within the terminal

are DG sets operation and vehicular traffic. DG sets are fitted with acoustic enclosures.

Greenbelt has been developed around the terminal, which works as a noise barrier.

Solid & Hazardous Waste Management - Municipal solid waste generated at the

terminal will be collected and disposed of through local bodies. Oily Sludge is generated

during tank cleaning in every five years. It will be sent to approved recyclers. Other

hazardous wastes like spent batteries, waste oil, empty drums of oil/chemicals,

fluorescent tubing etc. are disposed of in accordance with approved safe procedures.

GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT

The terminal has a well-developed greenbelt area of about 33% in the total plot area.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

xvii

RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan of existing

terminal at Kappalur have been carried to ensure acceptability of the on-site and off-site

risk exposures as per Petroleum & Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) guidelines.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN BUDGET – The budget for implementation of

mitigation measures and environmental management plan to mitigate the potential

adverse environmental impacts during operation phase has been estimated as capital

cost Rs. 60 Lakhs and recurring expenditure as Rs. 41 Lakhs.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is a

Public Sector Company. Therefore, Corporate Social Responsibility program in the area

is undertaken as per Government of India guidelines.

VII. CONCLUSION

The Proposed expansion project has a certain level of marginal impacts on the local

environment. However, the proposed expansion project has significant beneficial

impact/effects in terms of providing temporary employment opportunity and various

CSR activities. The conclusions of EIA are: The proposed expansion project meets the

compliance requirements of various environmental regulations; Adoption of

environmental friendly best management practices results minimizing the impacts on

the environment; and Community impacts of the project will be beneficial, as the project

will generate significant economic benefits for the region. Thus, it can be concluded that

with the judicious and proper implementation of the pollution control and mitigation

measures, the proposed expansion project will be beneficial to the society and will

contribute to the economic development of the region in particular and country in

general.

ToR COMPLIANCE

REPORT


COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE

i

Compliance To Terms Of Reference Issued By State Environmental Impact

Assessment Authority -TN, Vide Letter No. SEIAA-TN/F.No.6469/SEAC-C/6(b)/ToR-

298/2017 dated 18.01.2018

A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE

S.

No. Terms of reference (TOR) Compliance

1 Executive summary Executive summary of the project is given in

EIA report.

2 Introduction Introduction to the project is given in

Chapter 1 section 1.1-1.4 (Page No.1)

i. Details of the EIA Consultant

including NABET accreditation

Details of EIA Consultant’s Accreditation are

given in Chapter 11 (Page No.137) of EIA

Report.

ii. Information about the project

proponent

Information about the project proponent is

given in Section 1.2.1 of Chapter 1(Page no.

1).

iii. Importance and benefits of the

project

Importance of the project is given in Section

1.3 of Chapter 1(Page no.2) and benefits of

the project are given in Chapter 8 (Page No.

113) of the EIA report.

3 Project Description

i. Cost of project and time of

completion.

Cost and Schedule of the Project are given in

Section 2.13 of Chapter 2 (Page No. 29) of the

EIA Report.

ii. Products with capacities for the

proposed project.

Storage capacity is detailed in Table 2.1

(Page No.12) of EIA Report.

iii. If expansion project, details of

existing products with capacities and

whether the adequate land is available

for expansion, reference of earlier EC if

any.

The Current storage capacity of the terminal

is 41,782 KL. The adequate land is available

within the site for the proposed expansion.

The terminal was established in 2003. Hence

no EC was required.

iv. List of raw materials required and

their source along with the mode of

transportation.

The terminal is only for storage and

distribution of POL and no processing is

carried out, hence no raw material is

required.

v. Other chemicals and materials

required for quantities and storage

capacities

The existing & proposed storage capacity of

the terminal is given in Table 2.1 of Chapter 2

of EIA Report at Page 12.

vi. Details of emission, effluents,

hazardous waste generation and their

Details of emission, effluents, hazardous

waste generation and their management are



ii


S.


management. given in Sections 4.3.1, 4.3.3, 4.3.5 of Chapter

4 (Page No.82) of EIA report.

vii. Requirement of water, power, with

source of supply, status of approval,

water balance diagram, manpower

requirement (regular and contract)

The requirement of water, power, with a

source of supply and manpower requirement

are given in Section 2.3, 2.6 and 2.7 (Page No.

15) of Chapter 2 of the EIA Report.

viii. Process description along with

major equipments and machineries,

process flow sheet (quantitive) from

raw material to products to be

provided

Details of process description along with

major equipments and machineries are given

in Section 2.3 (Page No.13) & 2.4 (Page

No.14) of Chapter 2 of EIA Report.

ix. Hazard identification and details of

proposed safety system

Hazard identification and safety systems are

placed at the Terminal as applicable OISD

code and guidelines. Please refer Chapter 7 of

EIA report.

x. Expansion/modernization proposals:

a. Copy of all the Environmental

Clearance(s) including Amendments

thereto obtained for the project from

MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an

Annexure. A certified copy of the latest

Monitoring Report of the Regional

Office of the Ministry of Environment

and Forests as per circular dated 30th

May 2012 on the status of compliance

of conditions stipulated in all the

existing environmental clearances

including Amendments shall be

provided. In addition, the status of

compliance of Consent to Operate for

the ongoing existing operation of the

project from SPCB shall be attached to

the EIA-EMP report.

The terminal was established in 2003. Hence

no EC was required.

b. In case the existing project has not

obtained environmental clearance,

reasons for not taking EC under the

provisions of the EIA Notification 1994

and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be



iii


S.


provided. Copies of Consent to

Establish/No Objection Certificate and

Consent to Operate (in case of units

operating prior to EIA Notification

2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006)

obtained from the SPCB shall be

submitted. Further, compliance report

to the conditions of consents from the

SPCB shall be submitted.

4 Site Details

i. Location of the project site covering

village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and

State, Justification for selecting the site,

whether other sites were considered.

IOCL terminal is located at Survey Nos.

179pt, 187pt, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193pt,

SIDCO Womens Industrial Estate,

Vazhavanthankottai Village, Thiruverumbur

Taluk, Trichy District, Tamil Nadu.

The construction of additional storage tanks

will be located in existing Terminal and will

improve supply position of the petroleum

products, which is vital for economic growth

as well as improving the quality of life.

As it is an expansion of storage capacity,

therefore, no alternative site was considered.

ii. A toposheet of the study area of a

radius of 10km and site location on

1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2

sheet. (including all Ecosensitive areas

and Environmentally sensitive places)

Toposheet of the study area of a radius of 10

km and site location on 1:50,000 are given in

Figure 1.2 at Page 5 of Chapter 1 of EIA

Report.

iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for

selection of a site

As it is an expansion of storage capacity,

therefore, no alternative site was considered.

iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four

corners of the site.

The Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude)

are

10°46'43.84"N, 78°50'2.64"E (NW)

10°46'29.43"N, 78°50'1.55"E (SW)

10°46'44.02"N, 78°50'20.10"E (NE)

10°46'30.70"N, 78°50'21.04"E (SE)

v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the

project site.

Google Earth map of the project site is given

in Figure 1.3(Page no. 6) of Chapter 1 of the

EIA report.



iv


S.


vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit

as well as proposed unit indicating

storage area, plant area, greenbelt area,

utilities etc. If located within an

Industrial area/Estate/Complex, the

layout of Industrial Area indicating the

location of the unit within the

Industrial area/Estate.

Layout plan of the terminal is given in Figure

2.2 (Page No.16) of Chapter 2 of the EIA

report.

vii. Photographs of the proposed and

existing (if applicable) plant site. If

existing, show photographs of

plantation/greenbelt, in particular.

The Photographs of plantation/greenbelt of

the terminal is shown in Figure 9.2 (Page

No.120), Chapter 9 of EIA Report.

viii. Landuse break-up of the total land

of the project site (identified and

acquired), government/private -

agricultural, forest, wasteland, water

bodies, settlements, etc shall be

included. (not required for industrial

area)

Land Use break-up of the terminal is given in

Section 2.6 (Page No.15), Chapter 2 of EIA

Report.

ix. A list of major industries with name

and type within the study area (10km

radius) shall be incorporated. Land use

details of the study area

A list of industries within 10 km radius area

is given in Section 3.15.2 (Page No.78),

Chapter 3 of the EIA report.

x. Geological features and Geo-

hydrological status of the study area

shall be included.

Geological features and Geo-hydrological

status of the study area are given in Section

3.5-3.7 (Page No.41), Chapter 3 of EIA report.

xi. Details of drainage of the project

upto 5km radius of the study area. If

the site is within 1 km radius of any

major river, peak and lean season river

discharge as well as flood occurrence

frequency based on peak rainfall data

of the past 30 years. Details of Flood

Level of the project site and maximum

Flood Level of the river shall also be

provided. (mega greenfield projects)

Drainage of the area is given in Section 3.4

(Page No. 39), Chapter 3 of the EIA report.

Drainage map is given in Figure 3.4.

xii. Status of acquisition of land. If the

acquisition is not complete, stage of the

The Land is in the Possession of M/s. IOCL

Trichy Terminal.



v


S.


acquisition process and expected a

time of complete possession of the

land.

xiii. R&R details in respect of land in

line with state Government policy

Not applicable

5 Forest and wildlife-related issues (if

applicable):

i. Permission and approval for the use

of forest land (forestry clearance), if

any, and recommendations of the State

Forest Department. (if applicable)

No forest land is involved in the project,

therefore, permission and approval for the

use of forest land are not required.

ii. Landuse map based on High-

resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of

the proposed site delineating the

forestland (in case of projects involving

forest land more than 40 ha)

No forest land is involved in the project.

Therefore, not applicable.

iii. Status of Application submitted for

obtaining the stage I forestry clearance

along with the latest status shall be

submitted.

No forest land is involved in the project.

Therefore, not applicable.

iv. The projects to be located within 10

km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries,

Biosphere Reserves, Migratory

Corridors of Wild Animals, the project

proponent shall submit the map duly

authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden

showing these features vis-a-vis the

project location and the

recommendations or comments of the

Chief Wildlife Warden- thereon.

There is no national parks, sanctuaries,

biosphere reserves, migratory corridors of

wild animals within 10 km radius area from

the project site.

v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly

authenticated by the Chief Wildlife

Warden of the State Government for

the conservation of Schedule I fauna, if

any exists in the study area.

Not applicable as there is no national parks,

sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, migratory

corridors of wild animals within 10 km

radius area from the project site.

vi. Copy of application submitted for

clearance under the Wildlife

(Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing

Not Applicable.



vi


S.


Committee of the National Board for

Wildlife.

6 Environmental Status

i. Determination of atmospheric

inversion level at the project site and

site-specific micrometeorological data

using temperature, relative humidity,

hourly wind speed and direction and

rainfall.

Details of site-specific micrometeorological

data using temperature, relative humidity,

hourly wind speed, direction and rainfall are

given in Section 3.3 (Page No. 32), Chapter 3

of the EIA Report.

ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8

locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO

and other parameters relevant to the

project shall be collected. The

monitoring stations shall be based

CPCB guidelines and take into account

the predominant wind direction,

population zone and sensitive

receptors including reserved forests.

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring was carried

out 8 locations from January to March 2018.

Details are given in Section 3.9 (Page No. 44),


iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement

for 12 weeks of all stations as per

frequency is given in the NAQQM

Notification of Nov. 2009 along with -

min., max., average and 98% values for

each of the AAQ parameters from data

of all AAQ stations should be provided

as an annexure to the EIA Report.

Results of ambient air quality monitoring

data are given in Table 3.9.4 (Page No. 46),


iv. Surface water quality of nearby

River (100m upstream and

downstream of discharge point) and

other surface drains at eight locations

as per CPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines.

Details of surface water quality are given in

Table 3.12 (Page No. 54) in Chapter 3 of the

EIA report.

v. Whether the site falls near to

polluted stretch of river identified by

the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.

No, the site does not fall near to polluted

stretch of river identified by the

CPCB/MoEF&CC

vi. Groundwater monitoring at a

minimum at 8 locations shall be

included.

Details of groundwater monitoring locations

are given in Table 3.12 (Page No.54), Chapter

3 of the EIA report.



vii


S.


vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8

locations within the study area.

Details of noise monitoring are given in Table

3.9 (Page No.50), Chapter 3 of EIA report

viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB

guidelines.

Details of soil characteristic are given in

Table 3.15 (Page No.62), Chapter 3 of the EIA

report.

ix. Traffic study of the area, type of

vehicles, frequency of vehicles for

transportation of materials, additional

traffic due to proposed project, parking

arrangement, etc.,

Details of traffic study are given Annexure

VIII.

x. A detailed description of flora and

fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing

in the study area shall be given with

special reference to rare, endemic and

endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna

is found within the study area a

Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be

prepared and furnished.

Details of the description of flora and fauna

are Section 3.13.3 7 & 3.13.4 (Page No. 66) of

the EIA report.

xi. Socio-economic status of the study

area.

Details of Socio-economic Status of the study

area are provided in Section 3.14 (Page

No.75) of Chapter 3 of the EIA report.

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan

i. Assessment of ground level

concentration of pollutants from the

stack emission based on site-specific

meteorological features. In case the

project is located in a hilly terrain, the

AQIP Modelling shall be done using

inputs of the specific terrain

characteristics for determining the

potential impacts of the project on the

AAQ. The cumulative impact of all

sources of emissions (including

transportation) on the AAQ of the area

shall be assessed. Details of the model

used and the input data used for

modeling shall also be provided. The

air quality contours shall be plotted on

Industry operation involves receipt, storage

and distribution of petroleum products only.

No Manufacturing is involved and hence, no

significant emissions will be there from the

proposed expansion project except DG sets,

which are used during power failure only.

The adequate height of stacks and acoustic

enclosure will be provided to DG sets as per

guidelines of CPCB to facilitate the dispersion

of flue gases into the atmosphere.



viii


S.


a location map showing the location of

the project site, habitation nearby,

sensitive receptors, if any.

ii. Water Quality Modeling - in case of

discharge in water body

No wastewater is discharged into any water

body, therefore water quality modeling is not

applicable.

iii. Impact of the transport of the raw

materials and end products on the

surrounding environment shall be

assessed and provided. In this regard,

options for transport of raw materials

and finished products and wastes

(large quantities) by rail or rail-cum

road transport or conveyor cum- rail

transport shall be examined.

The petroleum products are received

through CTMPL Pipeline from CPCL Refinery,

Manali. Petroleum products from the

terminal are dispatch to retail petrol pumps

by tank trucks.

iv. A note on the treatment of

wastewater from different plant

operations, extent recycled and reused

for different purposes shall be

included. Complete scheme of effluent

treatment. Characteristics of untreated

and treated effluent to meet the

prescribed standards of discharge

under E(P) Rules.

No process water is generated from the

terminal. Therefore, no effluent treatment

plant is required at the terminal.

v. Details of stack emission and action

plan for control of emissions to meet

standards.

There is no process stack at the terminal. D.G

sets & Fire Engines have been fitted with

stacks of adequate height to disperse the

pollutants into the atmosphere as per CPCB

guidelines.

vi. Measures for fugitive emission

control

Hydrocarbon detectors have been provided

at strategic locations of the terminal.

The emission due to truck movement will be

controlled by adequate green belt has been

developed and the only Pollution Under

Control Vehicles will be allowed.

vii. Details of hazardous waste

generation and their storage,

utilization and management. Copies of

Tank bottom sludge is generated while

cleaning of oil storage tanks. The cleaning

of oil storage tanks is done once in five



ix


S.


MOU regarding utilization of solid and

hazardous waste in cement plant shall

also be included. EMP shall include the

concept of waste- minimization,

recycle/reuse/recovery techniques,

Energy conservation, and natural

resource conservation.

years as per the practice of Oil Industry.

Oily sludge generated will be treated

through bioremediation technique. The

spent or used oil will be stored at a

specific location prior to safe disposal

through CPCB/TNPCB approved recycler.

Other hazardous wastes if any like spent

batteries, waste oil, empty drums of

oil/chemicals, fluorescent tubing etc. is

disposed of in accordance with approved.

viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be

ensured as per Fly Ash Notification,

2009. A detailed plan of action shall be

provided.

Not applicable, as no fly ash will be

generated.

ix. Action plan for the green belt

development plan in 33 % area i.e. land

with not less than 1,500 trees per ha.

Giving details of species, the width of

plantation, planning schedule etc. shall

be included. The green belt shall be

around the project boundary and a

scheme for the greening of the roads

used for the project shall also be

incorporated.

Details are given in Section 9.3.2 (Page


x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting

measures at plant site shall be

submitted to harvest rainwater from

the rooftops and stormwater drains to

recharge the groundwater and also to

use for the various activities at the

project site to conserve fresh water and

reduce the water requirement from

other sources.

Adequate Rain Water Harvesting System has

been developed within the terminal, Details

are given in section 9.5 pg.no 121 of EIA

Report.

xi. Total capital cost and recurring

cost/annum for environmental

pollution control measures shall be

included.

Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum

for environmental pollution control

measures are given in Table 9.3 (Page


xii. Action plan for post-project Action plan for post-project environmental



x


S.


environmental monitoring shall be

submitted.

monitoring is given in Chapter 6 of the EIA

report.

xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural

and Man-made) Preparedness and

Emergency Management Plan including

Risk Assessment and damage control.

Disaster management plan should be

linked to District Disaster Management

Plan.

Risk Assessment and Emergency Response &

Disaster Management Plan (ERDMP) have

been prepared as per PNGRB guidelines for

the terminal. Details are given in Chapter 7.

8 Occupational health

i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the

occupational health & safety of all

contract and casual workers.

Annual Health Checkup is carried out for all

employees, onsite medical Centre with

Doctor are available three days a week.

ii. Details of exposure-specific health

status evaluation of worker. If the

workers' health is being evaluated by

pre-designed format, chest x rays,

Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing

(Far & Near vision, colour vision and

any other ocular defect) ECG, during

pre-placement and periodical

examinations give the details of the

same. Details regarding last month

analyzed data of above-mentioned

parameters as per age, sex, duration of

exposure and department wise.

Annual Health Checkup for workers is being

carried out.

iii. Details of existing Occupational &

Safety Hazards. What are the exposure

levels of hazards and whether they are

within Permissible Exposure level

(PEL)? If these are not within PEL,

what measures the company has

adopted to keep them within PEL so

that health of the workers can be

preserved,

Details are given in Section 9.8 at Page 124 of

Chapter 9 of the EIA Report.

iv. Annual report of the health status of

workers with special reference to

Occupational Health and Safety.

The report of the health status of workers

with special reference to Occupational Health

and Safety is being compiled.



xi


S.


9 Corporate Environment Policy

i. Does the company have a well laid

down Environment Policy approved by

its Board of Directors? If so, it may be

detailed in the EIA report.

Yes. Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of

IOCL is given in Figure 9.7 (Page No. 126)

Section 9.8 of Chapter 9 of EIA Report.

ii. Does the Environment Policy

prescribe for standard operating

process/procedures to bring into focus

any infringement/deviation / violation

of the environmental or forest norms

/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in

the EIA Report.

Yes

iii. What is the hierarchical system or

Administrative order of the company to

deal with the environmental issues and

for ensuring compliance with the

environmental clearance conditions?

Details of this system may be given.

Details are given in Section 9.9 (Page No.127)

Chapter 9 of EIA Report.

iv. Does the company have a system of

reporting of

noncompliances/violations of

environmental norms to the Board of

Directors of the company and/or

shareholders or stakeholders at large?

This reporting mechanism shall be

detailed in the EIA report.

Yes

10 Details regarding infrastructure

facilities such as sanitation, fuel,

restroom etc. to be provided to the

labour force during construction as

well as to the casual workers including

truck drivers during the operation

phase.

Facilities such as sanitation, drinking water,

health facilities, etc. will be provided to the

labour force during construction.

During operation phase, sanitation, food,

restroom, medical facilities, training, etc., will

be provided to casual workers including

truck drivers.

11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the

project cost) shall be earmarked

towards the Enterprise Social

Commitment based on Public Hearing

M/s. IOCL is actively contributing to the

nearby villages of the plant in the form of

CSR activities. The CSR activity of M/s. IOCl is

detailed in Section 9.13 (Page No.129) of



xii


S.


issues and item-wise details along with

time-bound action plan shall be

included. Socio-economic development

activities need to be elaborated upon.

Chapter 8.

12 Any litigation pending against the

project and/or any direction/order

passed by any Court of Law against the

project, if so, details thereof shall also

be included. Has the unit received any

notice under the Section 5 of

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or

relevant Sections of Air and Water

Acts? If so, details thereof and

compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and

present status of the case.

No litigation is pending.

13 A tabular chart with the index for

pointwise compliance of above TOR.

Pointwise compliance of TOR is enclosed in

the beginning of the EIA Report.

B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE

1 Details on the list of hazardous

chemicals to be stored along with

storage quantities at the facility, their

category (as per MSIHC Rules), MSDS.

Provided in Section 2.2 (Page No.12) of

Chapter 2.

2 Mode of receiving hazardous chemicals

in isolated storages and mode of their

dispatch.

The petroleum products are received

through CTMPL Pipelines and Ethanol

through Tank trucks. Petroleum products

from the terminal are dispatch to retail

petrol pumps by tank lorries. Details are

given Section 2.3 at Page 13 of Chapter 2 of

the EIA.

3 Layout plan of the storage tanks and

other associated facilities.

The site layout plan of the terminal is

provided as Figure 2.2 (Page No.16) of

Chapter 2.

4 Details on types and specifications of

the storage facilities including tanks,

pumps, piping, valves, flanges, pumps,

monitoring equipments, systems for

emissions control safety controls

including relief systems.

Details are given in Table 2.2 (Page No.14) of

Chapter 2.



xiii


S.


5 Arrangements to control loss/leakage

of chemicals and management system

in case of leakage.

Details are given in Chapter 7.

6 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

- Identification of hazards Risk Assessment has been carried including

identification of hazards, consequence

analysis for existing tanks & proposed tanks

and presented in Chapter 7 of EIA report.

Emergency Response and Disaster

Management Plan (ER&DMP) is already

available in the Terminal. It will be revised

after proposed expansion.

- Consequence Analysis

- Details of the domino effect of the

storage tanks and respective

preventive measures including the

distance between storage units in an

isolated storage facility.

-Onsite and offsite emergency

preparedness plan.

ADDITIONAL TOR

1 The project proponent shall impose

rest rooms, sanitary facilities and STP

considering the crews attached to the

transportation vehicles in addition to

the direct and indirect employees

attached to the plant.

Details about rest rooms, sanitary facilities

and STP are given in

2 The Proponent should conduct

appropriate risk assessment and

management study for the project. The

risk assessment and management

should specifically keep in mind the

small industrial units located on the

southern side and the

Vazhavanthankottai habitations

Details are given in Chapter 7.

3 The proponent should describe the

existing arrangements for occupational

safety and health for the project in the

operation and new details of how it

will be strengthened in view of the

expansion (the project capacity gets

doubled and therefore there will be

doubled risk)

Arrangements for occupational safety and

health for the project are given in Session 9.8

(Page No.124) of Chapter 9.

4 The proponent should give details of

the equipment proposed for sensing

The details of equipment’s are given in

Session 9.7 (Page No. 123) of Chapter 9.



xiv


S.


fugitive vapours likely to be released

for the storage units.

5 The proponent should submit a

detailed disaster management

programme.

Detailed of disaster management plan is

given in Chapter 7.

6 Deciduous trees may be avoided in the

project area and evergreen trees like

Mimusops elangi, Pongamia pinnata &

Sizigium cumini may be planted

Deciduous trees will be avoided in the

project area and evergreen trees will be

planted

INDEX

PROPOSED CAPACITY EXPANSION OF IOCL TRICHY TOP TERMINAL

INDEX

a

Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ....................................................................................................... 1

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT ..................................................... 1

1.2.1 PROJECT PROPONENT ..................................................................................................... 1

1.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT .......................................................................................... 2

1.3 NEED AND JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROPOSED EXPANSION ................................................. 2

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................... 2

1.4.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................... 3

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY .............................................................................................................. 8

1.6 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY .............................................................................................. 8

1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT ............................................................................................ 9

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 12

2.1 IOCL TRICHY TERMINAL ......................................................................................................... 12

2.2 MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION ................................................................................................ 12

2.3 DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS .................................................................................................... 13

2.4 INFRASTRUCTURE AND FACILITIES ........................................................................................ 14

2.5 POWER REQUIREMENT & SOURCE ....................................................................................... 15

2.6 LAND REQUIREMENT ............................................................................................................ 15

2.7 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT ................................................................................................. 17

2.8 WATER REQUIREMENT, SOURCE & WASTEWATER GENERATION ........................................ 17

2.9 WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHOD .................................................................................. 18

2.9.1 METHOD ADOPTED FOR THE DESIGN (ACF & PSF) ....................................................... 18

2.10 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL ........................................... 22

2.11 RAINWATER HARVESTING ..................................................................................................... 22

2.12 FIRE FIGHTING & PROTECTION SYSTEM ............................................................................... 22

2.13 PROJECT COST & SCHEDULE ................................................................................................. 29

3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 30

3.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 30


INDEX

b

3.2 SCOPE OF BASELINE STUDY................................................................................................... 30

3.3 COLLECTION OF BASELINE DATA........................................................................................... 32

3.3.1 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA .................................................................................. 32

3.3.2 MICRO-METEOROLOGY AT SITE .................................................................................... 32

3.4 DRAINAGE ............................................................................................................................. 39

3.5 GEOMORPHOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 41

3.6 SOIL ....................................................................................................................................... 41

3.7 HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 41

3.8 SEISMICITY ............................................................................................................................ 43

3.9 AIR ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................... 44

3.9.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ................................................................................... 44

3.9.2 Parameters for Sampling .............................................................................................. 45

3.9.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques ............................................................................. 45

3.9.4 Results ........................................................................................................................... 46

3.9.5 Observations ................................................................................................................. 49

3.10 Noise Environment................................................................................................................ 49

3.10.1 Identification of Sampling Locations ............................................................................. 50

3.10.2 Instrument used for Sampling....................................................................................... 50

3.10.3 Method of Monitoring .................................................................................................. 50

3.10.4 RESULTS ......................................................................................................................... 52

3.10.5 OBSERVATIONS ............................................................................................................. 53

3.11 WATER ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................... 53

3.11.1 SAMPLING LOCATIONS.................................................................................................. 53

3.11.2 Results ........................................................................................................................... 55

3.11.3 Observations ................................................................................................................. 60

3.12 Soil Environment ................................................................................................................... 60

3.12.1 Soil analysis ................................................................................................................... 60

3.13 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................ 64

3.13.1 OBJECTIVES OF ECOLOGICAL STUDIES .......................................................................... 65

3.13.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE STUDY ................................................................. 65


INDEX

c

3.13.3 FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA ........................................................................................... 66

3.13.4 FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA .......................................................................................... 73

3.14 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................... 75

3.14.1 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 75

3.15 SOURCES OF INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 75

3.15.1 SETTLEMENT PATTERN.................................................................................................. 76

3.15.2 AVAILABILITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE.............................................................................. 78

4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................... 79

4.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 79

4.2 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ........................................................................... 80

4.2.1 IMPACT ON LAND USE .................................................................................................. 80

4.2.2 IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY............................................................................................. 80

4.2.3 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY .............................................................................................. 80

4.2.4 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY ........................................................................................ 81

4.2.5 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS ............................................................................................ 81

4.2.6 IMPACT ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY ............................................................................. 82

4.2.7 IMPACT ON AQUATIC ECOLOGY ................................................................................... 82

4.3 IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE .................................................................................. 82

4.3.1 IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY............................................................................................. 82

4.3.2 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE .................................................................... 84

4.3.3 IMPACT ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY .............................................................................. 84

4.3.4 IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES ................................................................................... 84

4.3.5 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY ........................................................................................ 85

4.3.6 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS ............................................................................................ 85

4.3.7 IMPACT ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY ............................................................................. 85

4.3.8 IMPACT ON AQUATIC ECOLOGY ................................................................................... 85

4.3.9 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS ...................................................................... 86

4.4 SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION ...................... 86

5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................ 90

5.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 90


INDEX

d

5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITE ................................................................................................................. 90

5.3 ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGY ......................................................................................... 90

5.4 ALTERNATIVE FOR CONTROL OF POLLUTION ....................................................................... 90

6 Environmental Monitoring Plan .................................................................................................... 91

6.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 91

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SCHEDULES ...................................................................... 92

6.2.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (AAQ) MONITORING ................................................................ 92

6.2.2 WATER QUALITY MONITORING .................................................................................... 92

6.2.3 NOISE LEVELS MONITORING ......................................................................................... 93

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ................................................................................. 93

6.4 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF IOCL ........................................................ 95

6.5 STATUTORY RETURNS AND COMPLIANCE REPORTS ............................................................ 96

7 ADDITIONAL DETAILS .................................................................................................................... 97

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY ..................................................................................................... 97

7.1.1 Hazards at POL Terminal ............................................................................................... 97

7.2 Hazards Associated With Petroleum Products ..................................................................... 97

7.2.1 Superior Kerosene Oil ................................................................................................... 97

7.2.2 Hazards Associated with High Speed Diesel ................................................................. 98

7.2.3 Ethanol ........................................................................................................................ 100

7.3 Hazardous Conditions ......................................................................................................... 100

7.3.1 Pool Fire ...................................................................................................................... 101

7.3.2 Jet Fire ......................................................................................................................... 101

7.3.3 Vapour Cloud Explosion/Flash fire .............................................................................. 102

7.4 Consequence Analysis ......................................................................................................... 103

7.5 Risk Mitigation Measures.................................................................................................... 103

7.5.1 Implementation of Advance Risk Mitigation Measures .............................................. 104

7.5.2 POL Storage Tanks ....................................................................................................... 104

7.5.3 Painting on Storage Tanks ........................................................................................... 105

7.5.4 Earthing and Bonding .................................................................................................. 105

7.5.5 Process Safety Management....................................................................................... 105


INDEX

e

7.5.6 Management of Change.............................................................................................. 106

7.5.7 Accident and Near Miss Reporting System ................................................................. 106

7.5.8 Work Permit System ................................................................................................... 106

7.5.9 Detection System ........................................................................................................ 106

7.5.10 Security and Surveillance of POL Terminal ................................................................. 106

7.5.11 Work Permit System ................................................................................................... 107

7.5.12 Detection System ........................................................................................................ 107

7.5.13 Security and Surveillance of POL Terminal ................................................................. 107

7.5.14 Safety Audit and Inspection ........................................................................................ 107

7.5.15 Fire Fighting Facilities .................................................................................................. 108

7.5.16 Manifolds .................................................................................................................... 109

7.5.17 Loading Gantries ......................................................................................................... 109

7.5.18 Integrity of Tanks and Piping....................................................................................... 109

7.5.19 Personal Protective Equipment .................................................................................. 109

7.5.20 Preventive and Predictive Maintenance ..................................................................... 109

7.5.21 Compliance to the Statutory Regulations ................................................................... 109

7.5.22 Training and Competence Criteria .............................................................................. 110

7.5.23 Check for Tank Trucks ................................................................................................. 111

7.5.24 Emergency Response Plan .......................................................................................... 111

7.5.25 Mock Drill Exercises .................................................................................................... 111

7.6 Disaster Management Plan ................................................................................................. 112

7.7 PUBLIC HEARING ................................................................................................................. 112

8 PROJECT BENEFITS ...................................................................................................................... 113

8.1 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................... 113

8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ............................................................. 113

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL .................................................................................................. 113

9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................................... 114

9.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 114

9.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................... 114

9.2.1 SOIL ............................................................................................................................. 114


INDEX

f

9.2.2 WATER QUALITY .......................................................................................................... 114

9.2.3 METEOROLOGY ........................................................................................................... 115

9.2.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................... 115

9.2.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................... 116

9.2.6 NOISE........................................................................................................................... 117

9.2.7 LAND USE .................................................................................................................... 117

9.3 GREENBELT .......................................................................................................................... 117

9.3.1 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY ............................................................................................... 117

9.3.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................... 118

9.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................... 120

9.5 RAINWATER HARVESTING AT IOCL TERMINAL ................................................................... 121

9.6 STROM WATER DRAINAGE.................................................................................................. 123

9.7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR LEAKAGES AND ACCIDENT ................................................... 123

9.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM FOR EMPLOYEES & OTHER LABOURS

124

9.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ............................................................................. 127

9.10 ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING .............................................................................................. 127

9.11 REPORTING AND MONITORING SYSTEM ............................................................................ 127

9.12 BUDGETS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AND MONITORING PLAN ............................... 128

9.13 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ................................................................................. 129

10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ................................................................................................ 131

10.1 INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT ...................................................................................... 131

10.2 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS .................................................................................. 131

10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................ 134

10.4 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................... 135

10.5 CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................................... 136

11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ................................................................................................ 137

11.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 137

11.2 SERVICES OF ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED .................................................. 138

11.2.1 Environmental Services ............................................................................................... 138


INDEX

g

11.2.2 Turnkey projects ......................................................................................................... 138

11.2.3 Other services ............................................................................................................. 138

11.2.4 Laboratory services ..................................................................................................... 139

11.3 SECTORS ACCREDITED BY NABET ........................................................................................ 139

11.4 Study Team ......................................................................................................................... 140


INDEX

h

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 Environmental Settings of the Project Site ......................................................................... 3

Table 2-1 TANK DETAILS ................................................................................................................... 12

Table 2-2 Fire Fighting Equipment’s – IOCL Trichy TOP Terminal ................................................. 14

Table 2-3 DETAILS ON D.G SETS ........................................................................................................ 15

Table 2-4 LAND USE BREAKUP .......................................................................................................... 15

Table 2-5 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT ............................................................................................ 17

Table 2-6 WATER REQUIREMENT (EXISTING) ................................................................................ 17

Table 2-7 WATER REQUIREMENT (PROPOSED) .............................................................................. 17

Table 2-8 STP Design Capacity ............................................................................................................ 19

Table 2-9 Treated water (as per present prevailing norms set by CPCB) ............................................. 19

Table 2-10 Equipment used in STP & Design Criteria ......................................................................... 19

Table 2-11 Equipment’s used in STP & Dimensions ........................................................................... 20

Table 2-12 First Aid Fire Fighting Facilities ...................................................................................... 24

Table 2-13 Fixed Fire Fighting Facilities ........................................................................................... 24

Table 2-14 Fire Water Storage tanks ................................................................................................. 25

Table 2-15 Fire Alarm & Detection System ....................................................................................... 25

Table 3-1 Environmental Attributes .................................................................................................. 30

Table 3-2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology ......................................................................... 31

Table 3-3 Trichy District Weather Report for the Month of January 2018 .................................... 33

Table 3-4 Trichy District Weather Report for the month of February 2018 .................................. 35

Table 3-5 Trichy District Weather Report for the month of March 2018 ....................................... 37

Table 3-6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...................................................................... 44

Table 3-7 Techniques used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring .................................................... 46

Table 3-8 Air Quality Test Results ..................................................................................................... 47

Table 3-9 Noise Quality Monitoring Stations .................................................................................... 50

Table 3-10 AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL .................................................................................................. 52

Table 3-11 Ambient Noise Quality Standards ................................................................................... 53

Table 3-12 WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ............................................................... 54


INDEX

i

Table 3-13 Results for Water Analysis .................................................................................................. 55

Table 3-14 Soil Sampling Locations ................................................................................................... 61

Table 3-15 SOIL QUALITY RESULTS .................................................................................................. 62

Table 3-16 STANDARD SOIL CLASSIFICATION ................................................................................ 63

Table 3-17 LIST OF FLORA OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA ......................................................... 66

Table 3-18 LIST OF FAUNA OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA ........................................................ 74

Table 3-19 DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION IN THE STUDY AREA ............................................... 77

Table 4-1 ANTICIPATED ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION ................... 87

Table 6-1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for IOCL Trichy Terminal ............................................ 94

Table 7-1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures ............................................................................ 102

Table 7-2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures ........................................................ 103

Table 9-1 TREE PLANTATIONS AT TERMINAL .............................................................................. 118

Table 9-2 LAND USE BREAK ............................................................................................................. 121

Table 9-3 BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AND MONITORING PLAN ........................ 128

Table 11-1 NABET Accredited Sector .............................................................................................. 139

Table 11-2 Study Team ..................................................................................................................... 141


INDEX

j

List of figures

Figure 1-1 LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT SITE .................................................................................... 4

Figure 1-2 TOPO MAP OF THE STUDY AREA ...................................................................................... 5

Figure 1-3 GOOGLE IMAGE OF PROJECT SITE .................................................................................... 6

Figure 1-4 ROAD CONNECTIVITY MAP ............................................................................................... 7

Figure 1-5 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES AND FREQUENCY OF MONITORING ......................... 8

Figure 2-1 PROCESS FLOW CHART ................................................................................................... 14

Figure 2-2 SITE LAYOUT ..................................................................................................................... 16

Figure 2-3 PROPOSED WATER BALANCE CHART ............................................................................ 18

Figure 2-4 LAYOUT DRAWING OF STP .......................................................................................... 21

Figure 2-5 Fire Fighting and Protection Systems ............................................................................. 26

Figure 2-6 FIRE HYDRANT LAYOUT .................................................................................................. 27

Figure 2-7 ONSITE EMERGENCY MOCK DRILL................................................................................. 28

Figure 3-1 Wind rose for the month of January 2018 ...................................................................... 34

Figure 3-2 Wind rose for the month of February 2018 .................................................................... 36

Figure 3-3 Wind rose for the month of March 2018......................................................................... 38

Figure 3-4 Drainage Map .................................................................................................................... 40

Figure 3-5 MAP SHOWING SEISMIC TECTONIC ZONE ..................................................................... 43

Figure 3-6 Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations ............................................................ 45

Figure 3-7 MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION OF NOISE LEVEL ........................................................ 52

Figure 3-8 MAP SHOWING WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ..................................... 54

Figure 3-9 Map Showing the Location Soil Sampling Stations ........................................................ 61

Figure 3-10 Forest map of Trichy District (Source: TN Forest Department) ................................. 65

Figure 4-1 Bioremediation Pit ............................................................................................................ 84

Figure 6-1 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL .............................................................. 95

Figure 9-1 Green Belt Area ............................................................................................................... 119

Figure 9-2 GREENBELT PHOTOGRAPHS ......................................................................................... 120

Figure 9-3 RAINWATER HARVESTING PITS PHOTOGRAPHS ....................................................... 122

Figure 9-4 STROM WATER DRAINAGE PHOTOGRAPHS ................................................................ 123


INDEX

k

Figure 9-5 Preventive measures EQUIPMENTS for leakages and accident .................................. 124

Figure 9-6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM ............................................... 125

Figure 9-7 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL ............................................................ 126

Figure 9-8 CSR Activity ..................................................................................................................... 130

Figure 11-1 NABET Accreditation Certificate ................................................................................. 142

EIA REPORT


CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

1

1 INTRODUCTION M/s Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is planning to increase the storage capacity

of Trichy Tap Off Point Terminal from 41,782 KL to 72,022 KL by the installation of

aboveground storage tanks for High Speed Diesel and Biodiesel at Survey Nos. 179pt,

187pt, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193pt, SIDCO Women’s Industrial Estate,

Vazhavanthankottai Village, Thuvakudi post, Thiruverumbur Taluk, Trichy District,

Tamilnadu.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The proposed project proposal comes under Item No. 6(b) of Category ‘B’, IOCL

proposes to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies to seek

Environmental Clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority of

Tamil Nadu.

The application for TOR (Form 1 & PFR) was submitted to SEIAA, Tamil Nadu on

17.11.2017 and the same was reviewed in 100th State Expert Appraisal Committee

Meeting held on 21.12.2017 and 22.12.2017. TOR has been issued in 265th SEIAA

Meeting vide letter No. SEIAA-TN/F.No.6469/SEAC–C/6(b)/ToR-298/2017 dated:

18.01.2018. A copy of the TOR is enclosed as Annexure-I. This EIA report is prepared in

line with TOR conditions recommended by SEIAA committee.

M/s ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, Chennai, has been retained by IOCL to

undertake an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for various environmental

components, which may be affected due to the proposed expansion.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT

1.2.1 PROJECT PROPONENT

Indian Oil Corporation Limited is an Indian state-owned oil and gas corporation with its

headquarters in New Delhi, India. It is the world's largest corporation according to the

Fortune Global 500 list and the largest public corporation in India when ranked by

revenue. Indian Oil is the highest ranked Indian company in the latest Fortune ‘Global

500’ listings.

The company is mainly controlled by Government of India which owns approximately

79% shares in the company. It is one of the seven Maharatna status companies of India,



2

apart from Coal India Limited, NTPC Limited, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Steel

Authority of India Limited, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited and Gas Authority of India

Limited.

1.2.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT

The proposed project is an expansion project for increasing the storage capacity of the

existing Terminal by 30,240 KL. After implementation of the project, capacity of the

Terminal will increase to 72,022 KL from the present capacity of 41,782 KL.

1.3 NEED AND JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROPOSED EXPANSION

Petroleum Industry plays a crucial role in meeting the daily needs of the common man

but also contributes significantly towards Industrial and Economic Growth of the

Nation. The demand for petroleum products has increased with the urbanization of the

places in Tamil Nadu. In order to meet the demand and to meet ministry guideline in

10% ethanol doping criteria, IOCL proposes to increase the storage capacity of their

existing Trichy terminal.

The proposed project is meant for improving supply position of POL products in the

villages and small towns around Trichy.

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

M/s. IndianOil Corporation Ltd has set up Trichy Pumping & Delivery Station at Plot No.

191, Women SIDCO Industrial Estate, Vazhavanthankottai, Trichy, Tamilnadu.

Toposheet Nos.: 58J9, 58J10, 58J13, 58J14

Coordinates:

10°46'43.84"N, 78°50'2.64"E – NW

10°46'29.43"N, 78°50'1.55"E – SW

10°46'44.02"N, 78°50'20.10"E – NE

10°46'30.70"N, 78°50'21.04"E – SE

EXISTING AND PROPOSED STORAGE DETAILS

The existing facility has 16 tanks for the storage of MS, HSD, SKO, Ethanol and Biodiesel,

which is received through CTMPL pipelines from CPCL refinery, Manali (MS, HSD and

SKO) and Ethanol and Bio-Diesel through Road Tankers. The facility has planned to

expand their storage capacity by installing 4 additional storage tanks (2 HSD tanks and

2 Biodiesel tanks).



3

1.4.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

The details of environmental setting are given in Table-1.1. The Location map is shown

in Figure-1.1. Further, Topo map, Google Image and Road connectivity map are given in

Figure-1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 respectively.

Table 1-1 Environmental Settings of the Project Site S. No. Particulars Details

1 Latitude 10°46'31.16"N

2 Longitude 78°50'12.65"E

3 Site Elevation above MSL 75 m

4 Topography Plain

5 Present land use at the site Industrial

6 Nearest highway National Highway-67 – 2.9 km (S)

(Nagapattinam-Trichy-Gundlupet highway)

7 Nearest railway station Tondaimanpatti RS – 1.5 km (NW)

Solagampatti RS – 4.1 km (ENE)

Thiruverumbur RS – 6.3 km (WNW)

8 Nearest airport Tiruchirapalli International Airport – 13.7 km (WSW)

9 Nearest town/city Valavanthankottai – 0.6 km (S)

10 Waterbody

Thirunedukulam Village Pond – 1.3 km (SE)

Thuvakudi Village Pond – 2 km (S)

Vennar River – 5 km (N)

Kaveri River – 6 km (N)

Kollidam River – 6.5 km (N)

11 Nearest Port Nil in 10 km radius

12 Hills / valleys Nil in 10km radius

13 Archaeologically important

places

Erumbisvara Temple – 7.5 km (WNW)

Tiruchirapalli Rock Fort - 15.95 km (WNW)

14

National Parks / Wildlife

Sanctuaries/ Eco-sensitive

zones as per Wild Life

Protection Act, 1972

Nil in 10km radius

15 Reserved / Protected Forests Nil in 10km radius

16 Seismicity Seismic Zone-II as per IS1893 (Part 1): 2002

17 Defense Installations Nil in 10km radius



4

Figure 1-1 LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT SITE



5

Figure 1-2 TOPO MAP OF THE STUDY AREA



6

Figure 1-3 GOOGLE IMAGE OF PROJECT SITE



7

Figure 1-4 ROAD CONNECTIVITY MAP



8

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study broadly includes:

Literature review and collection of data relevant to the study area covering 10-

km radius

Established the baseline environmental status in and around the proposed

expansion area

Collate and compile secondary data including socio-economic data from

published literature/government publications

Evaluating the predicted impacts on various environmental attributes in the

study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted environmental

impact assessment methodologies

To prepare an Environment Management Plan (EMP), outlining the measures for

improving the environmental quality in view of future expansion for

environmentally sustainable development

Identifying critical environmental attributes that are required to be monitored in

the post-project scenario

To carry out Risk Assessment and prepare suitable Disaster Management Plan

To obtain necessary clearance from the regulatory authorities.

1.6 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

Field studies have been conducted to determine existing conditions of various

environmental attributes as outlined in Table-1.2.

Figure 1-5 ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES AND FREQUENCY OF MONITORING

S. No Attribute Parameters Frequency of monitoring

1. Ambient Air

Quality

SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5, CO,

NH3, HC (Methane and

Non-Methane)

• 8 Locations

• 24 hourly samples

• Twice a week

2. Meteorology Wind Speed, Wind

Direction, Temperature,

Relative Humidity,

Rainfall, Visibility

• Microprocessor based

Weather Monitoring

Station

• Continuous hourly

recording



9

3. Noise Level Noise Level in dB(A) • Once in season

• 8 Locations

4. Water Quality

(Surface and

Ground)

Physical, Chemical and

Biological Parameters

Once in season; Locations

for groundwater and

surface water quality.

5. Ecology Existing terrestrial and

aquatic flora and fauna

General study area and

data collected around the

project site through field

visits

6. Soil

Characteristics

Soil type and texture,

Physico-chemical

properties, NPK

Once in season

7. Land use Land use for different

Categories

10 km study area through

Census data.

8. Socio-

economic

Aspects

Socio-economic

Characteristics

General in 10 km study area

through Census of India,

2001/2011.

1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT

The report has been divided into eleven chapters and presented as follows:

1. Introduction

The chapter provides the background information of the existing and expansion of the

IOCL Trichy TOP terminal including need, objective and justification of the project,

environmental settings, site details and scope of the entire study.

2. Project Description

The chapter will provide details of existing storage facilities and

infrastructure/installation required for proposed expansion etc. and also the project

implementation schedule.

3. Baseline Environmental Status

The chapter will cover the social and environmental baseline parameters on air, water,

noise, soil, ecology, marine assessment study and socio-economics within the study

area.



10

4. Anticipated Environmental Impact and its Mitigation Measures

The chapter will cover the detailed impact of the proposed expansion of different

environmental components during storage tanks installation and operation phase of the

project. The chapter will also deal with the measures to be adopted to mitigate the

adverse impact of the proposed project development and underscores the areas of

concern, which need mitigation measures.

5. Analysis of Alternative Sites and Technology

This chapter describes the analysis of various alternative sites and the technology

required for the project.

6. Environmental Monitoring Program

This chapter provides recommendations for Environment Management Plan (EMP)

including mitigation measures for minimizing the negative environmental impacts of

the project. Environmental monitoring requirements for effective implementation of

mitigation measures during construction as well as during operation of the project

along with required institutional arrangements for their implementation. Budgetary

cost estimates for mitigation measures are also brought out.

7. Additional Studies

This chapter contains details of the public hearing, the risk involved in the proposed

expansion capacity of storage tank & utilities, Disaster Management Plan and

Occupational Health and Safety.

8. Project Benefits

The chapter describes various benefits of the project to the community in the vicinity

and as well as to the region on the whole.

9. Administrative Aspects

This chapter presents the details of Institutional arrangements for Environment

Protection and conservation. Organization structure of Environment management is

also brought out.

10. Summary and Conclusions

This chapter describes the summary of the environmental impact assessment studies.



11

11. Disclosure of Consultant

The list of various experts involved in the preparation of the present EIA/EMP report is

given along with the brief introduction of the consultancy organization involved in EIA

report.


CHAPTER 2 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION

12

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 IOCL TRICHY TERMINAL

M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Trichy Tap off Point (TOP) Terminal is located in

SIDCO Women Industrial Estate, established in 2003 by Govt of Tamilnadu at

Vazhavanthankottai. PESO license for existing terminal is attached as Annexure VII.

The Terminal receives various petroleum products like Motor spirit, High-Speed Diesel

& Superior Kerosene Oil from the Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (CPCL) through

Chennai–Trichy-Madurai Pipeline. The Terminal stores these products in storage tanks

and distributes them by filling the road tankers bound to different consumers spread

over wide areas like Trichy, Puthukottai, Tanjore, Perambalur, Karaikkudi, Dindigul,

Cuddalore, Pattukottai, Shivagangai, Thiruvannamalai, Tirupathur, Vellore, Ariyallur

and Pondicherry.

Total existing capacity of the Terminal is 41,782 KL. Proposed project envisages an

expansion of capacity by the installation of four new storage tanks for HSD and

Biodiesel. After expansion, the storage capacity will increase to 72,022 KL.

2.2 MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

The present storage capacity of Terminal is total 41,782 KL. After expansion, the storage

capacity will be 72,022 KL.

Table 2-1 TANK DETAILS

S.No Type Capacity (KL)

Product Product

conversion Remarks

Existing Proposed

1 FRVT 3455 - MS -

NO CHANGE

2 FRVT 3455 - MS -

3 IFRVT 2600 - MS -

4 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

5 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

6 CRVT 3835 - HSD -

7 CRVT 6063 -

HSD MS Conversion of

class- B CRVT of

HSD to Class- A

IFRVT for MS 8 CRVT 6063 -

HSD MS

9 CRVT 1830 - SKO - - 10 CRVT 1830 - SKO -



13

11 CRVT 1830 - SKO -

12 FRVT 250 - Trans mix

Tank -

13 IFRVT 2600 - MS ETHANOL

FRVT MS tank to

IFRVT Ethanol

tank

14 AGH 120 - ETHANOL - -

15 AGH 120 - ETHANOL -

16 CRVT - 2 x

15000 HSD -

17 UGH - 2 x 200 BIODIESEL -

2.3 DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS The Trichy Pumping & Delivery station at Women’s SIDCO Industrial Park,

Valavanthankottai is operated by IOCL Pipeline Division. The terminal functions

primarily as Petroleum products storage and distribution facility. The terminal

operations are categorized as,

1. The Products are received through CTMPL pipelines from CPCL Refinery,


2. Unloading of Ethanol & Biodiesel from Road Tankers in their designated tanks

through Pumps

3. Storage in Aboveground & Underground Tanks

4. Loading in Tank Trucks through Pumps

1. Receipt of product

Petroleum products are received through CTMPL pipelines from CPCL Refinery,


2. Unloading and Storage

Products will be stored in designated above ground and Underground tanks.

3. Loading & Dispatch

Empty Tank Lorries which report to the Terminal are sent to tank lorry filling

bays. They are filled through loading arms fitted in the bays. Products come to

FRVT - Floating Roof Vertical Tank CRVT - Cone Roof Vertical Tank UG – Underground Tank IFRVT – Internal Floating Roof Vertical Tank



14

the loading arm from the products tank through pump provided in the pump

house. The quantity filled in the tank lorry is measured by flow meters fitted in

the bay. After Checking the right quantity the tank lorry is sent to retail outlets.

Figure 2-1 PROCESS FLOW CHART

2.4 INFRASTRUCTURE AND FACILITIES

Since the proposed Project is an expansion project within the premises of the IOCL

Trichy TOP Terminal, it will use all the infrastructural facilities of the existing Terminal.

Table 2-2 Fire Fighting Equipment’s – IOCL Trichy TOP Terminal

S. No Equipment Total Number / Capacity

Fire FIGHTING APPLIANCES/EQUIPMENTS/CHEMICALS

1 Fire Tenders/ Firefighting engines 2 no’s

2 Water storage capacity (KL) 5200 KL

3 Fire Hoses 88 no’s

4

Jet/Fog/Spray Nozzles Foam Branch

40 no’s

8 no’s 5 Foam Compound (KL) 8.3 KL

SAFETY EQUIPMENTS

1 PVC Suit +1 no’s

2 Compressed air B.A. Set 2 no’s



15

3 Refill Cylinders for B.A. Set 2 no’s

4 Fire Proximity Suit 2 no’s

2.5 POWER REQUIREMENT & SOURCE


from TANGEDCO. No additional power requirement envisaged post-expansion. EB

agreement is enclosed as Annexure IV.

In absence of power supply, this will be met from DG sets. D.G sets specifications are

detailed in Table 2.2.

Table 2-3 DETAILS ON D.G SETS

S. No. Capacity (KVA) Number Fuel used Stack height

From GL (m)

1 160 1 HSD BS III 7.5

2 250 2 HSD BS III

2.6 LAND REQUIREMENT

The total land area available in Trichy Terminal is around 65 Acres. The land document

is enclosed as Annexure II. The total land is under the possession of IOCL, purchased

from SIDCO industrial estate. The land use break up is available in Table 2.3. The layout

of the project is enclosed as Annexure III.

Table 2-4 Table 2-5 LAND USE BREAKUP

S. No Usage Area (Acres) Percentage

1. Constructed Area 0.76 1.68

2. Process Area 9.58 21.29

3.

Open space, Road, Parking Area &

Future Development area

39.66 43.70

4. Greenbelt 21.45 33.00

Total 65 100

The Terminal layout is represented in Figure 2.2.



16

Figure 2-2 SITE LAYOUT

Future Tanks

Water

Tanks

Ethanol

Tanks

MS Tanks

HSD Tanks



17

2.7 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT

Total Manpower available in present Terminal is 80 Nos. The employment

opportunities for existing and proposed are given in Table 2.4. In addition to the

terminal manpower, transportation crew of about 140 numbers (Existing and

Proposed) has been considered as manpower to the plant operation after expansion.

Table 2-6 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT

Terminal Manpower Existing After Expansion

80 Nos 84 Nos

Transportation Crew Existing After Expansion

110 Nos 140 Nos

2.8 WATER REQUIREMENT, SOURCE & WASTEWATER GENERATION

The maximum consumption of water for the terminal after expansion will be 9.42 KLD

which will be sourced from SIDCO (State Agency of the State of Tamilnadu). Water

requirement is provided in Table 2.5 and Water Balance in Table 2.6.

Table 2-7 WATER REQUIREMENT (EXISTING)


(KLD)

Waste water generation

1 Domestic Use

Drinking – 1.35 3.5

1.94 KLD

(To Septic tank and Soak pit) Flushing – 2.15

2 Canteen 3.0 4 KLD

(Water will be reused for Greenbelt

Development after treated in OWS) 3

Fire water Testing and Make up

requirement 2

Total 8.5

Table 2-8 WATER REQUIREMENT (PROPOSED)

Sl. No. Particulars Quantity (KLD) Waste water

generation

1 Domestic Use Drinking – 1.54

3.92 2.14 KLD Flushing – 2.38

2 Canteen 3.5 4.4 KLD

3 Fire water Testing and Make up requirement 2

Total 9.42 6.54



18

The Waste water generated within the plant will be treated in the STP and the

treated water will be reused for Gardening.

Figure 2-3 PROPOSED WATER BALANCE CHART

2.9 WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHOD

From the Terminal, 6.54 KLD sewage will be generated, which will be treated in STP

with the capacity of 10 KL. The treated water will be reused for gardening & washing

water generated from tank farm washing will be diverted to the Coalescer type oil

Water Separator (OWS) and clarified wastewater will be reused for gardening etc.

2.9.1 METHOD ADOPTED FOR THE DESIGN (ACF & PSF)

It is proposed to setup a treatment plant for treating the domestic waste, canteen

wastewater adopting (ACF & PSF). The ACF & PSF process is an emerging advanced

wastewater treatment technology that has been successfully applied at an ever

increasing number of locations around the world. In addition to their steady increase in

number, ACF & PSF installations are also increasing in terms of scale. A number of

plants with a treatment capacity of around 5 MLD to 10 MLD have been in operation for

several years now whilst the next generation.

The units used in the STP design have been shown in detailed in Table 2.10,

Total Water Requirement (9.42 KLD)

KLD)

Domestic Requirement

(3.92 KLD)

Canteen Water

Requirement (3.5 KLD)

Fire water Testing and

Make up requirement

(2.0 KLD)

Drinking Water

(1.54 KLD)

Total Waste Water Generated (6.54 KLD)

Flushing Water

(2.38 KLD)

Sewage Treatment

Plant (10 KL - Capacity) Reused for Gardening

(6.2 KLD)



19

We have considered the following raw sewage characteristics for our designing in

Table 2.9.

Table 2-9 STP Design Capacity

Parameter Unit Value

pH - 6.5-9.5

TSS mg/l 300

BOD mg/l 400

COD mg/l 800

TDS mg/l 100

Table 2-10 Treated water (as per present prevailing norms set by CPCB)

Parameter Unit Value

pH - 6.5-9.5

TSS mg/l <20

BOD mg/l <20

COD mg/l <100

Table 2-11 Equipment used in STP & Design Criteria

Name of the Unit Purpose

Bar Screen Chamber For removing unwanted floating materials.

Equalization Sump To even out the flow variations, and continuous uniform

mixing operations with course bubble.

Aeration Tank To reduce the organic matters and with suitable fine bubble

diffused aeration system for aeration.

Secondary Settling Tank

To separate treated water from biomass, settling sludge and

other heavy particles in the waste water

Sludge Drying Bed To remove the water from the sludge which is collected from

the Secondary clarifier by solar drying



20

Treated Water Tank To collect the final treated water from the outlet of Activated

carbon filter for reuse.

Pressure Sand Filter To filter out minute suspended solids if any in the treated

water.

Activated Carbon Filter To remove color and Odor if any in the filtered water.

Hypo Chloride Dosing Tank

To disinfect the treated water to make it safe to come in

contact with humans so that the treated water can be used

for gardening.

UV system

To disinfect the treated water to make it safe to come in

contact with humans so that the treated water can be used for

gardening / allied uses.

Table 2-12 Equipment’s used in STP & Dimensions

S.NO DESCRIPTION SIZE

1 Bar Screen Chamber 0.6m (L) x 0.6m (B) x 0.5m (LD) +0.5m (FB)

2 Equalization Sump 2.1m (L) x 1.5m (B) x1.9m (LD) + 0.6m (FB)

3 Aeration Tank 2.2m (L) x 1.5m (B) x 3.0m (LD) + 0.5 (FB)

4 Secondary Settling Tank 1.2m (L) x 1.2m (B) x 2.8m (LD) + 0.7 (FB)

5 Sludge Drying Bed 1.0m (L) x 1.0m (B) x 1.5m (TH)

6 Clear Water Tank 1.0m (L) x 1.2m (B) x 2.5m (LD) + 1.0 (FB)

7 Treated Water Tank 2.8m (L) x 1.2m (B) x 3.0m (LD) + 0.5(FB)

8 Pressure Sand Filter Ø400mm x 1500mm (HOS)

9 Activated Carbon Filter Ø400mm x 1500mm (HOS)



21

Figure 2-4 LAYOUT DRAWING OF STP



22

2.10 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL

All biodegradable wastes (food and kitchen wastes) at the Terminal will be collected

reused as fuel after treatment in Biogas plant near canteen.

Tank bottom sludge is generated while cleaning of oil storage tanks. The cleaning of

oil storage tanks is done once in five years as per the practice of Oil Industry.

Sludge generated will be treated through bioremediation technique.

The spent or used oil will be stored at a specific location prior to safe disposal

through CPCB/TNPCB approved recycler. Hazardous waste authorization is attached

as Annexure V.

Other hazardous wastes if any like spent batteries, waste oil, empty drums of

oil/chemicals, fluorescent tubing etc. is disposed of in accordance with approved

safety procedures.

2.11 RAINWATER HARVESTING

The existing Rainwater harvesting system has 8 Nos. of percolation pits to collect the

rainwater run-off from building roofs. The collected water will be recharged into

ground.

Total rooftop area including storage sheds, Control room, Panel room

etc.

3094 sq.m

Total run-off water collected in roof top 1819.27 sq.m

No. of pits (dimensions –m X -m) 16

2.12 FIRE FIGHTING & PROTECTION SYSTEM

GAS DETECTION EQUIPMENT FOR GAS LEAKAGE

Handheld multi-gas detectors are provided at the station to check the presence of CO,

H2S, LEL and O2 concentration at the area of work. Fixed gas detectors are also planned

to be provided in future.

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

For fighting fire first aid firefighting provisions by way of Portable fire extinguishers

DCP/CO2 are provided as per OISD-117 standard. PPEs & other safety items have been

provided as per OISD requirements. The fire hydrant network system is also provided

which is hooked up to IOCL, Marketing network and Fire Water pressure maintained at

7 kg/cm2. 4000 liters of AFFF compound is maintained as per the existing guidelines.



23

Fire Siren Code as per OISD STD-117. Fire Fighting Equipments, First Aid firefighting

facilities and fixed firefighting facilities are provided in Table 2.13, 2.14 & 2.15 and

also Fire alarm & Detection system and Fire water storage tanks in Tables 2.15 & 2.16.

1. SMALL FIRE –No Siren

2. MAJOR FIRE – A wailing siren for two minutes. The siren will be sounded three times for

thirty seconds with an interval of fifteen seconds in between.

3. DISASTER – Same type of siren as in the case of major fire but the same will be sounded

for three times at the interval of 10seconds.

4. ALL CLEAR (FOR FIRE) – Straight run siren for two minutes.

5. TEST –Straight run siren for two minutes.

6. Hand Siren in CTMPL, will be blown in the case of an emergency. In the case of any

exigency, the Electrical siren can be sounded from control room & from marketing

administration.

FIRE SAFETY COORDINATOR AND FIRE TEAM

Responsibilities of the Fire and Safety Coordinator shall include the following:

(a) To activate emergency sirens as per the practice codes

(b) To take charge of all firefighting and rescue operations and safety matters.

(c) To ensure that key personnel is called in and to release the crew of firefighting

operations as per emergency procedure.

(d) Assess functioning of his team and communicate with the Main Incident

Controller and Administrative Controller for any replenishment or, replacement of

manpower/firefighting equipment.

(e) Direct the Fire Brigade personnel and mutual aid members to their desired roles

as also the proper positioning of the manpower and equipment.

(f) To decide the requirement of mutual aid and instruct Fire Station, who, in turn,

will contact mutual aid members.

(g) To coordinate with outside fire brigades for properly coordinated firefighting

operation.

(h) To ensure that casualties are promptly sent to First Aid Centre / Hospital.

(i) To arrange requirement of additional firefighting resources including help from

mutual aid partners;



24

(j) Ensure empty and loaded trucks are removed to safer area to the extent possible

so as not to affect emergency handling operations

(k) Continually lease with the Chief Incident Controller and implement the

emergency combat strategies as communicated by him; and

(l) Ensure adequate hydrant pressure in the mains and monitor water level in the

reservoir.

Table 2-13 First Aid Fire Fighting Facilities

S.No. Description OISD Requirement Available

1 DCP EXTINGUISHER 10 KG 107 107



4 CO2- FIRE EXTINGUISHER 4.5 KG 24 24

5 CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER 6.5 KG 1 1


7 LEAK CONTROL KIT 1 1

8 PET. PRODUCT CLEANUP CHEMICAL 1 1

9 OIL SPL DISP W/SPRAY NOZZLE 1 1

10 NON- SPARKING TOOLS 1 1

11 EMERGENCY ESCAPE SETS 2 2

12 FLAME PROOF SEARCH LIGHT 2 2

13 MEGA PHONE EX-PROOF 1 1

14 FIREMAN AXE 1 1

15 MECHANICAL TOOL KIT 1 1

16 COLD/LOW TEMP HAND GLOVES 0 0

17 ELECTRICAL TESTER 1 1

18 CHEM/OIL SPLASH PROOF GOGGLES 5 5

19 Portable MEFG 3 3

20 Sand Scoop 5 5

Table 2-14 Fixed Fire Fighting Facilities

S.No. Description OISD

Requirement Physically Available

1 DOUBLE HEADED HYDRANT POINT 68 68

2 EMERGENCY ESCAPE SETS 2 2

3 FIRE HOSES 105 105

4 Fixed MEFG 4 4

5 FOAM COMPOUND TROLLEY 200/210 1 1

6 FOAM BRANCH PIPE 3% 4 4



25

7 FOAM BRANCH PIPE 6% 2 2

8 FOG NOZZLES 4 4

9 HOSE BOXES 40 40

10 JET NOZZLE 44 44

11 Portable MEFG 3 3

12 UNIVERSAL NOZZLES 4 4

13 WATER CUM FOAM MONITOR 15 15

14 WATER CUM FOAM MONITOR 750 GPM 2 2

15 WATER CURTAIN NOZZLES 2 2

16 WATER MONITOR 46 46

17 ATC FOAM(KL) 1 1

18 FIRE WATER STORAGE (KL) 5,000.00 8517.00

19 FIRE PUMP CAPACITY (KL/H) 616 KL/Hr 616 KL/Hr

20 STRETCHER 3 3

21 EXPLOSIVE METER 1 1

22 FIRE PROXIMITY SUIT 1 1

23 RESUSCITATORS 2 2

24 HAND OPERATED SIREN 8 8

25 WATER JEL BLANKETS 1 1

26 SCABA WITH SPARE CYLINDER 2 2

27 HOSE BOXES 40 40

28 FIRST AID FIRE TROLLEY 1 1

Table 2-15 Fire Water Storage tanks

S. No. Tank Quantity in KL

1. 104A 2604 2. 104B 2604 3. 104C 3309

Table 2-16 Fire Alarm & Detection System

S.No. Description Physically Available

OISD Requirement

1 Electrical siren (3 km range) 1 1

2 Electrical siren (1 km range) 1 1

3 Hand operated siren 8 8

4 PA System 1 1

5 MEGA PHONE EX-PROOF 1 1

6 Hydrocarbon Detector - Point Type 4 4

7 Hydrocarbon Detector - Open Type 3 3

8 Manual Call Point - De-Licensed Area 9 9



26

9 Manual Call Point - Licensed Area 7 7

10 HVLRM 4 4

11 Rim seal fire protection 2 2

Figure 2-5 Fire Fighting and Protection Systems



27

Figure 2-6 FIRE HYDRANT LAYOUT



28

Figure 2-7 ONSITE EMERGENCY MOCK DRILL



29

BOMB THREAT DRILL PROCEDURE

2.13 PROJECT COST & SCHEDULE

The total project cost for the proposed expansion is around Rs. 2378.46 Lakhs. The

zero date for start of construction will be after the grant of Environmental Clearance

(EC) from SEAC, Tamilnadu. The proposed expansion of oil terminal will be completed

within 24 or 36 months after issuance of EC. The external agencies such as consultant,

machinery suppliers, contractors of civil construction and equipment will be selected

carefully well in advance. An effective project team has been formulated with an

experienced project manager as its leader.


CHAPTER 3 – DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

30

3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Baseline Environmental Studies have been conducted to determine the existing status

of various Environmental attributes viz., Climate and Atmospheric conditions, Air,

Water, Noise, Soil, Hydrogeological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-Economical

environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help to

undertake corrective mitigation measures for the protection of the environment on

account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project.

3.2 SCOPE OF BASELINE STUDY

An area, covering a 10 km radial distance from the project site is considered as the

study area for the purpose of the baseline studies. Primary data on Water, Air, Land,

Flora, Fauna & Socio-Economic data were collected by a team of Engineers and

Scientists. Secondary data was collected from various Departments of State/Central

Government Organizations, Semi-Government and Public Sector Organizations. Table

3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating environmental

baseline and Table 3.2 gives the frequency and monitoring methodology for various

environmental attributes.

Table 3-1 Environmental Attributes

S.No Attribute Parameter Source of Data

1 Climatology &

Meteorology

Wind Speed, Wind direction, Relative

humidity, Rainfall and Temperature

Indian Meteorological Department and

Site-specific information

2 Water Quality Physical and Chemical parameters Monitored Data (Surface water – 2

locations & groundwater - 8 locations)

3 Ambient Air

Quality PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO & TVOC Monitored Data (8 locations)

4 Noise levels Noise levels in dB (A) Monitored Data (8 locations)

5 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and fauna within

the study area

Field survey and Secondary sources

6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources

7 Soil Soil types and samples analyzed for

physical and chemical parameters. Analysis of soil samples at eight locations



31

8

Socio-

economic

Aspects

Socio-Economic characteristics of the

affected area

Based on field survey and data collected

from secondary sources

9 Land Use Trend of land use change for different

categories Secondary data

Table 3-2 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology

Attributes Sampling Measurement

Method Remarks

Network Frequency A. Meteorology

Wind Speed, Wind direction, Relative humidity, Rainfall and Temperature

Project site Continuous for 3 months

Weather monitor with database

B. Air Environment Particulate Matter (PM10)

Requisite locations in the project influence area

24 hourly-Twice a week for 3 months in Non- Monsoon season

Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)

As per CPCB standards under 18th November 2009 Notification for National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)

Oxides of Sulphur (SO2) EPA Modified West & Gaeke method

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Arsenite Modified Jacob & Hochheiser

Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC)

-- EPA Method TO 17

Carbon Monoxide Gas Analyzer (NDIR) C. Noise

Hourly equivalent noise levels


Once Instrument: Sound level meter

IS: 4954 1968

D. Water Parameters for water quality: pH, temp, turbidity, Total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, sodium, potassium, Electrical Conductivity, Ammonical nitrogen, Nitrate-Nitrogen total phosphorus, BOD, COD, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids

Set of grab samples At requisite locations for ground and surface water

Once

Samples for water quality collected and analyzed as per IS: 2488 (Part 1-5) methods for sampling and testing of Industrial effluents Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association.

E. Land Environment Parameter for soil quality: pH, texture, electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, sodium, calcium, potassium and

Requisite soil samples be collected as per BIS specification within project influence area

Once in season

Collected and analyzed as per soil analysis reference book, M.L.Jackson



32

Magnesium. F. Biological Environment

Terrestrial & Aquatic Flora and Fauna


Once in season

Collected and analyzed as per IUCN Red Data Book.

3.3 COLLECTION OF BASELINE DATA

3.3.1 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Micrometeorological studies are simultaneously conducted with the Ambient Air

Quality monitoring. Meteorology plays an important role in the dispersion of

pollutants. The meteorological data is very useful for interpretation of the baseline

information and for study of air quality impacts also.

A temporary meteorological station was installed at project site. The station was

installed at a height of 4 mts above the ground level in such a way that there are no

obstructions facilitating flow of wind, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and

temperature are recorded on hourly basis.

RAINFALL & CLIMATE

The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 730 mm to about 900

mm. It is the minimum around Musiri (731.9 mm) in the western part. It gradually

increases towards north, east and south and reaches a maximum around Manapparai

(908.5 mm) The district enjoys a tropical climate. The period from April to June is

generally hot and dry. The weather is pleasant during the period from November to

January the maximum temperature recorded is 41°C and minimum temperature

recorded is 21 °C. Usually mornings are more humid than afternoons. The relative

humidity varies between 50 and 85% in the mornings while in the afternoon it varies

between 70 and 92%.

3.3.2 MICRO-METEOROLOGY AT SITE

Meteorological station was set-up at site, to record surface meteorological data, during

the study period from January to March 2018

Wind speed and wind direction data recorded during the study period has enabled

identifying the influence of meteorology on the air quality of the area. Based on the

collected meteorological data, relative percentage frequencies of different wind

directions were calculated and plotted as wind roses for 24hr duration. Maximum and



33

minimum temperatures including percentage relative humidity were also recorded

simultaneously.

Table 3-3 Trichy District Weather Report for the Month of January 2018

Summary Air Temp. (⁰C) Relative

Humidity (%)

Wind

Speed

(m/s) Max Min

1/1/2018 33 20 66 0.5

2/1/2018 33 22 68 0.8

3/1/2018 31 22 70 1

4/1/2018 30 23 61 2

5/1/2018 29 19 62 2

6/1/2018 29 18 63 0.5

7/1/2018 30 19 64 2

8/1/2018 30 18 59 3

9/1/2018 28 20 76 2.5

10/1/2018 26 21 90 1.3

11/1/2018 27 21 87 1.3

12/1/2018 31 23 77 2

13/1/2018 29 21 79 2

14/1/2018 31 21 77 1

15/1/2018 30 21 74 2

16/1/2018 30 21 69 2

17/1/2018 30 21 72 1.4

18/1/2018 30 19 67 2

19/1/2018 29 18 66 1.4

20/1/2018 30 18 61 2

21/1/2018 30 18 66 2

22/1/2018 30 19 68 2

23/1/2018 30 20 69 1

24/1/2018 31 20 70 1

25/1/2018 32 20 67 1.4

26/1/2018 32 20 65 1.4

27/1/2018 31 20 66 2

28/1/2018 31 21 64 2

29/1/2018 31 20 66 3

30/1/2018 32 21 60 4

31/1/2018 31 20 54 3



34

Wind rose for the month of January, February, March 2018 are given in Figure 3.1,

3.2 & 3.3.

Figure 3-1 Wind rose for the month of January 2018



35

Table 3-4 Trichy District Weather Report for the month of February 2018


Humidity (%)

Wind

Speed

(m/s) Max Min

1/2/2018 32 19 54 3

2/2/2018 31 17 55 1.4

3/2/2018 30 16 58 1.4

4/2/2018 31 18 57 2

5/2/2018 31 19 59 3

6/2/2018 32 22 70 2

7/2/2018 35 23 73 2

8/2/2018 32 22 66 1.4

9/2/2018 34 23 66 1

10/2/2018 33 22 66 1.4

11/2/2018 32 21 70 1.4

12/2/2018 32 23 68 2

13/2/2018 32 33 68 2

14/2/2018 32 22 68 2.5

15/2/2018 33 23 17 3

16/2/2018 33 22 65 3

17/2/2018 33 20 62 1.4

18/2/2018 33 22 65 1.7

19/2/2018 32 19 67 1.4

20/2/2018 32 20 62 1.4

21/2/2018 32 20 64 1.4

22/2/2018 33 20 61 1.7

23/2/2018 33 21 65 2

24/2/2018 33 21 67 1.67

25/2/2018 33 22 69 2.5

26/2/2018 34 22 65 2.5

27/2/2018 35 22 66 2.5

28/2/2018 34 23 63 1.9

Wind Rose for the Month of February 2018 is given in Figure 3.2.



36

Figure 3-2 Wind rose for the month of February 2018



37

Table 3-5 Trichy District Weather Report for the month of March 2018


Humidity (%)

Wind Speed

(m/s) Max Min

1/3/2018 34 23 62 1.94

2/3/2018 35 22 58 2.22

3/3/2018 35 20 58 0.83

4/3/2018 35 20 58 0.83

5/3/2018 34 20 56 1.4

6/3/2018 34 20 57 1.1

7/3/2018 34 22 64 1.4

8/3/2018 34 21 62 1.1

9/3/2018 34 21 68 1.9

10/3/2018 33 23 70 1.1

11/3/2018 34 23 66 1.67

12/3/2018 35 23 67 2.8

13/3/2018 32 25 77 1.94

14/3/2018 34 25 71 1.11

15/3/2018 35 25 70 1.11

16/3/2018 36 25 61 1.11

17/3/2018 30 26 75 1.4

18/3/2018 35 24 66 1.4

19/3/2018 35 23 59 1.67

20/3/2018 36 22 60 1.11

21/3/2018 37 23 56 0.55

22/3/2018 39 25 53 1.4

23/3/2018 40 25 52 1.11

24/3/2018 37 27 58 1.4

25/3/2018 36 24 62 1.67

26/3/2018 35 23 62 1.67

27/3/2018 38 24 63 1.11

28/3/2018 39 26 61 1.11

29/3/2018 39 26 53 1.4

30/3/2018 39 26 55 1.11

31/3/2018 38 26 60 1.11

Wind Rose for the Month of March 2018 is given in Figure 3.3.



38

Figure 3-3 Wind rose for the month of March 2018



39

3.4 DRAINAGE

The entire district forms part of Cauvery river basin. Cauvery is the major, and the only

perennial river in the district. Most of the District is a Pedi plain with a general slope

towards the central part where River Cauvery and Coleroon flow. The northern branch

of Cauvery, known as ‘Coleroon’ is mainly a flood carried, while the southern branch

retains the name Cauvery. It has numerous tributaries draining the district, the

prominent ones of which are Ayyar and Uppar in the north and Koraiyar in the south.

Most of the rivers are structurally controlled. The drainage pattern, in general, is

dendritic. There are small residual hills scattered in western and southern part of the

district, prominent among them, is Rock Fort hill, located in the heart of Tiruchirappalli

town

Source: District Ground Water Brochure, Tiruchchirappalli District, Tamilnadu, Ministry

of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, 2008.

The Drainage Map (10 km) of the project site is given as Figure 3.4.



40

Figure 3-4 Drainage Map



41

3.5 GEOMORPHOLOGY

The entire Tiruchchirappalli district constitutes a peneplain. The Kolli Hills in the north-

western part and Pachchamalai Hills in the north-eastern parts of the district constitute

the remnants of the denuded Eastern Ghats and rise to a heights of more than 100 m

above Mean Sea Level. From these hills, the land slopes gently toward east and forms a

vast stretch of plain country. There are numerous small residual hillocks dotting the

countryside, the most prominent one of which is the Rock Fort hill in Tiruchchirappalli

town. The area northeast of Tiruchchirappalli is in an active stage of erosion and shows

typical bad land topography. The master slope of the district is towards east. The

prominent geomorphic units identified in the district through interpretation of Satellite

Imagery are 1) Alluvial Plains, 2) Valley Fills, 3) Buried Pediments, 4) shallow Pediments,

5) Pediments and 6) Structural Hills. The alluvial plains are confined to the northern bank

of Cauvery River in the district. Valley fill deposits are seen mainly in the northern part

adjoining the hillocks in Uppiliapuram and Thuraiyur blocks. Buried Pediments have

been identified in almost all blocks in the district except Marungapuri, Manapparai,

Vaiyampatti and Manikandam. Pediments, both shallow and deep, constitute the most

prominent geomorphic unit in the district and are evenly distributed in the entire district.

Structural hills, on the other hand, are confined to the northern and southwestern

borders of the district.

3.6 SOIL

The major soil types encountered in the district are black cotton soils, red sandy to loamy

soils and alluvial soils. A thin layer of red sandy soils overlies the western and southern

parts of the district. Alluvial soils of considerable thickness occur in the central part,

particularly in Tiruchchirappalli, Kulithalai, Musiri and Lalgudi taluks. Black cotton soils

are observed in the northern part., whereas red loamy soils occur in the hilly regions.

3.7 HYDROGEOLOGY

The major part of the district is underlain by Archaean crystalline metamorphic complex.

The important aquifer systems encountered in the district are classified into

i) Fissured, fractured and weathered crystalline formations consisting of charnockites,

Granite Gneisses and

ii) Unconsolidated and semi-consolidated formations.



42

The unconsolidated and semi consolidated formations in the district include shales,

sandstones and clays of Jurassic age (Upper Gondwana), marine sediment of Cretaceous

age, sandstones of Tertiary age and Recent alluvial formations. As the Gondwana

formations are well compacted and poorly jointed, the movement of ground water in

these formations is mostly restricted to shallow levels. Ground water occurs under

phreatic to semi confined conditions in the inter-granular pore spaces in sands and

sandstones and the bedding planes and thin fractures in shales. In the area underlain by

Cretaceous sediments, ground water development is rather poor due to the rugged

nature of the terrain and the poor quality of the formation water. Quaternary formations

comprising mainly sands, clays and gravels are confined to major drainage courses in the

district. The maximum thickness of alluvium is 30 m whereas the average thickness is

about 15 m. Ground water in these formations is being developed by means of dug wells

and filter points. The water bearing properties of crystalline formations which lack

primary porosity depend on the extent of development of secondary intergranular

porosity either through weathered or fracturing. These aquifers are highly heterogeneous

in nature due to variations in lithology, texture and structural features even within short

distances. Ground water generally occurs under phreatic conditions in the weathered

mantle and under semi-confined conditions in the fissured and fractured zones at deeper

levels. The thickness of weathered zone in the district is in the range of 2 to 25 m. The

prominent lineaments trend in E-SW, NNE-SSW, NW-SE and E-W directions. Some of

these fracture zones persist to depths and may form potential aquifers in the area.

Productive joints have been encountered down to a depth of about 100 m bgl in the wells

drilled for rural water supply by the Ground Water Department and Tamil Nadu water

Supply and Drainage Board. The yield of these wells at the time of drilling and

development ranged from less than 1 to 10 lps. The depth of drilling in the district

through outsourcing for drought proofing work was in the range of 92 to 200 m bgl. The

wells encountered three to five fracture zones with two fracture zones down to 50 m and

two fracture zones in the depth range of 100 – 150 m and one fracture zone deeper than

150 m. The yield of these wells varied from <1 to 9 lps. Dug wells are used extract

groundwater from weathered formation while deeper fractures are tapped through bore

wells and dug cum bore wells. The yield of large diameter wells in the district, tapping the

weathered mantle of crystalline rocks or the unconsolidated formations ranges from 200



43

to 900 lpm for drawdown ranging from 0.4 to 2.5 m. The wells tapping the deep seated

fracture system can yield about 1 – 5 lps and can sustain a pumping of 6-8 hrs a day. The

depth to water level during pre-monsoon (May 2006) in the district varied from 1.95 to

9.49 m bgl. Out of 17 wells, 6% of wells had depth to water level in the range of 0- 2 m

bgl, 47% in the range of 2 – 5 m bgl and 10 – 20 m bgl. The depth to water level during

post monsoon (Jan 2007) varied from 1.6 to 15.15 m bgl and 5% of wells had depth to

water level in the range of 0- 2 m bgl and 58% of the wells in the range of 2 – 5 m bgl.

26% of the wells had depth to water level in the range of 5 - 10 m bgl and 10% of the

wells had the depth to water level in the range of 10 - 20 m bgl.

3.8 SEISMICITY

There are 4 major seismic zones (zones II, III, IV and V) in India, based on the seismo-

tectonic parameter, history of seismicity and certain geophysical parameters. The project

site at Vazhavanthankottai village, Thiruverumbur Taluk, Trichy district, Tamil Nadu

comes under Seismic Zone II.

Figure 3-5 MAP SHOWING SEISMIC TECTONIC ZONE



44

3.9 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The prime objective of baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the

area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air

quality during the construction and operation of the proposed project. This section

describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling,

analytical techniques and frequency of sampling. The results of ambient air monitoring

carried out during the study during January, February & March 2018. The methodology

adopted for Air quality survey is given below.

3.9.1 Selection of Sampling Locations

The locations for air quality monitoring were scientifically selected based on the

following considerations using climatologically data.

Topography / Terrain of the study area

Human Settlements

Health status

Accessibility of monitoring site

Resource Availability

Table 3-6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Air sampling

location code Location

Geographical

location

Direction

with respect

to project site

Distance with

respect to project

site (km)

AAQ1 Project site 10°46’33.67”N 78°50’12.37”E

-- --

AAQ2 Navalpattu 10°44’58.87”N 78°46’33.08”E

WSW 7.4

AAQ3 Thuvakudi 10°44’56.89”N 78°49’34.45”E

SSW 2.5

AAQ4 Agaram 10°47’37.34”N 78°45’18.24”E

WNW 8.8

AAQ5 Thirunedunkalam 10°46’17.46”N 78°51’06.84”E

ESE 1.6

AAQ6 Kiliyur 10°49’24.60”N 78°51’08.50”E

NNE 5.2

AAQ7 Asoor 10°43’29.17”N 78°50’44.46”E

SSE 5.6

AAQ8 Thuppaki Nagar 10°43’14.16”N 78°47’40.06”E

SW 6.6



45

3.9.2 Parameters for Sampling

The parameters chosen for assessment of ambient air quality were Particulate Matter<10

(PM10), Particulate Matter<2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx),

Carbon Monoxide (CO), TVOC.

Figure 3-6 Map Showing Air Quality Monitoring Locations

3.9.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques

PM10 and PM2.5 have been estimated by gravimetric method. In RDS, ambient air is sucked

through a cyclone. Coarse and non-respirable dust is separated from the air stream by

centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles, these particles fall through the cyclone’s

conical hopper and get collected in the sampling cap placed at the bottom. The fine dust

(<10 microns) forming the respirable particulate matter (PM10) passes the cyclone and is

retained on the filter paper. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to

provide suction for sampling air through a set of impingers which contains absorbing

solutions for SO2 and NOx. Samples of gases are drawn at a flow rate of 0.2 lpm. PM2.5 was

determined by Fine Particulate Sampler. The air inlet has a circular symmetry so that air



46

entry is unaffected by wind direction and is designed to keep out rain, insects and very

large particles. The inlet section immediately leads to an impactor stage designed to trap

particles with an aerodynamic diameter larger than 10 microns. Thus the air stream in

the down tube consists of only medium and fine particulates. The streamlined air flow of

the down tube is accelerated through the nozzle of the well-shaped impactor designed to

trap medium size particulates with an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 10

microns. To avoid sampling errors due to the tendency of small particles to bounce off the

impaction surface a 37mm diameter GF/A paper immersed in silicone oil is used as an

impaction surface. The air stream leaving the WINS impactor consists of microns. These

fine particles are collected on a special Teflon membrane filter of 47 mm diameter.

Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for

estimation of SO2 and Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been

adopted for the estimation of NOx. The techniques for sampling and analysis of

parameters are presented in Table 3.7.

Table 3-7 Techniques used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

S. No Parameters Technique

1 Particulate Matter (PM10), µg/m3 Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)

2 Particulate Matter (PM2.5), µg/m3 Gravimetric (Fine particulate Sampler)

3 Oxides of Sulphur (SO2), µg/m3 EPA Modified West & Gaeke method

4 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), µg/m3 Arsenite Modified Jacob & Hochheiser

5 Total Volatile Organic Compounds

(TVOC), µg/m3 EPA METHOD TO - 17

6 Carbon Monoxide, mg/m3 Gas Analyser (NDIR)

3.9.4 Results

Various parameters like maximum, minimum and average have been computed from the

monitored data for all the locations and summary of Ambient Air Quality test results are

presented in Tables 3.8.



47

Table 3-8 Air Quality Test Results

Code Location PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOX

Min Max Avg 98

Per Min Max Avg

98 Per

Min Max Avg 98 Per

Min Max Avg 98 Per

AAQ1 10°46’33.67”N 78°50’12.37”E

42.8 58.1 50.1 57.6 21.7 27.1 23.6 26.8 5.7 9.4 7.5 9.3 10.6 18.1 14.4 17.6

AAQ2 10°44’58.87”N 78°46’33.08”E

36.8 53.6 46.6 53.6 21.7 26.6 22.5 26.3 5.0 8.0 6.3 7.8 10.8 15 12.8 14.7

AAQ3 10°44’56.89”N 78°49’34.45”E

39.1 52.8 45.8 52.5 17.6 25.4 21.8 25.4 5.1 7.2 5.9 6.9 10.8 17.1 13.8 16.7

AAQ4 10°47’37.34”N 78°45’18.24”E

41.9 57.4 50.1 57.2 21.7 27.2 23.8 27.1 5.8 8.0 6.5 7.7 10.8 16.6 13.6 15.9

AAQ5 10°46’17.46”N 78°51’06.84”E

32.8 46.7 39.1 45.9 16.2 23.4 18.7 22.9 BDL(<5) 6.7 - - 8.2 12.2 10.2 12.1

AAQ6 10°49’24.60”N 78°51’08.50”E

32.8 46.1 39.4 45.6 15.9 22.7 18.7 22.2 - 6.6 - - 7.8 12.1 9.9 11.9

AAQ7 10°43’29.17”N 78°50’44.46”E

35.5 49.3 43.9 49.2 17.9 24.1 21.3 23.87 - 6.8 - - 8.9 14.1 11.9 14.1

AAQ8 10°43’14.16”N 78°47’40.06”E

41.5 53.6 46.8 53.1 21.7 26.1 22.3 25.7 5.18 7.6 6.0 7.4 9.5 14.6 12.3 14.4

CPCB / MoEF Standards

Industrial /Residential / Rural and Other Area

100

60

80

80



48

Code Location

CO, mg/m3 Lead, µg/m3 Total Hydrocarbon g/m3

Min Max Mean 98

Perc Min Max Mean 98 Perc Min Max Mean

98

Perc

AAQ1 10°46’33.67”N 78°50’12.37”E

0.11 0.26 0.17 0.2 BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) 56 178 116.70 167.88

AAQ2 10°44’58.87”N 78°46’33.08”E

- 0.16 - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ3 10°44’56.89”N 78°49’34.45”E

- 0.15 - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ4 10°47’37.34”N 78°45’18.24”E

- 0.16 - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ5 10°46’17.46”N 78°51’06.84”E

- 0.17 - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ6 10°49’24.60”N 78°51’08.50”E

- - - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ7 10°43’29.17”N 78°50’44.46”E

- - - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

AAQ8 10°43’14.16”N 78°47’40.06”E

- - - - BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) BDL(<0.1) - - - -

CPCB / MoEF

Standards 2 Not Specified Not Specified

BDL - Below Detectable Limit



49

3.9.5 Observations

PM10: The maximum and minimum concentrations of PM10 were recorded as

58.1 g/m3 and 32.8 g/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the

Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The average

concentrations were ranged between 39.1 and 50.1 g/m3.

PM2.5: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 27.2g/m3

and 15.9 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the Project site and

the minimum concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The average values were observed to

be in the range of 18.7 and 23.8 g/m3.

SO2: The maximum and minimum SO2 concentrations were recorded as 9.4 g/m3 and

BDL(<5) respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site. The

average values were observed to be in the range of BDL (<5) and 7.5 g/m3.

NOx: The maximum and minimum NOx concentrations were recorded as 18.1 g/m3 and

7.8 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site and the minimum

concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The average values were observed to be in the range

of 9.9 and 14.4 g/m3.

Total Hydrocarbon: The maximum total Hydrocarbon concentrations were recorded as

178 g/m3 in the project site.

Lead: The concentration of lead is recorded BDL (<0.1) in the vicinity of the Trichy TOP

terminal.

CO: The concentration of CO is recorded BDL (<0.1) in the vicinity of the Trichy TOP

terminal and the maximum concentrations is recorded as 0.26 mg/m3 in the project site.

3.10 Noise Environment

The main objective of monitoring of ambient noise levels was to establish the baseline

noise levels in the surrounding areas and to assess the total noise level in the

environment of the study area.



50

3.10.1 Identification of Sampling Locations

A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise sources

in the area. The sampling location in the area was identified considering the location of

industry, residential area, Highways and Institutional areas. The noise monitoring

locations are presented in Table 3.9 and shown in Figure 3.8.

Table 3-9 Noise Quality Monitoring Stations

Location

Code Sample location

Geographical

Location

Direction

w.r.t project

site

Distance

w.r.t project

site (km)

Environmental

Setting

N1 Project site 10°46’38.50”N

78°50’19.34”E -- --

N2 Navalpattu 10°44’58.66”N

78°46’32.09”E WW 7.4 Residential

N3 Thuvakudi 10°44’57.08”N

78°49’34.19”E SSW 2.5 Residential

N4 Agaram 10°47’37.08”N

78°45’18.78”E WNW 8.8 Residential

N5 Thirunedunkalam 10°46’17.87”N

78°51’06.79”E ESE 1.6 Residential

N6 Kiliyur 10°49’24.33”N

78°51’09.10”E NNE 5.2 Residential

N7 Asoor 10°43’29.30”N

78°50’44.19”E SSE 5.6 Residential

N8 Thuppaki Nagar 10°43’14.46”N

78°47’40.30”E SW 6.6 Residential

3.10.2 Instrument used for Sampling

Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter measures

the equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) by switching on the corresponding function

mode.

3.10.3 Method of Monitoring

Noise, in general, is sound which is composed of many frequency components of various

types of loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have

been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human to a

complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most

common and universally accepted scale is the ‘A’ weighted Scale which is measured as dB

(A). This is more suitable for an audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz. The scale has been

designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear.



51

Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were measured at all locations. The readings

were taken for every hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been monitored during

6 am to 10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations covered in a 10-

km radius of the study area. The noise levels were measured once during the study

period. These readings were later tabulated and the frequency distribution table was

prepared. Finally, hourly and 24 hourly values for various noise parameters viz. Lday and

Lnight were calculated.

For noise levels measured over a given period of time, it is possible to describe important

features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of the

time certain noise levels exceed the time interval. The notations for the statistical

quantities of noise levels are described below:

L10 is the noise level exceeded 10 percent of the time

L50 is the noise level exceeded 50 percent of the time and

L90 is the noise level exceeded 90 percent of the time

Equivalent Sound Pressure Level (Leq)

The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound

energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is necessary

because the sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of

time.

This is calculated from the following equation:

Leq = L50 + (L10 - L90)2/60

Parameters Measured During Monitoring

For noise levels measured over a given period of the time interval, it is possible to

describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using

the percent of the time, certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The

notation for the statistical quantities of noise levels is described below:

Hourly Leq day: Equivalent noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00 hours.

Leq night: Equivalent noise levels between 22.00 hours to 6.00 hours.



52

Figure 3-7 MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION OF NOISE LEVEL

MONITORING STATIONS

3.10.4 RESULTS

The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like Lday and Lnight are

presented in Table 3.10 and compared to the standards specified by CPCB mentioned

below in Table 3.11.

Table 3-10 AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL

Location

Code Sample Location Lday dB(A) Lnight dB(A) Leq dB(A)

N1 Project site 51.4 46.4 50.2

N2 Navalpattu 50.6 42.8 49.1

N3 Thuvakudi 52.6 43.9 51.1

N4 Agaram 51.9 44.2 50.4

N5 Thirunedunkalam 46.1 38.3 44.6

N6 Kiliyur 45.5 37.6 44

N7 Asoor 48.1 42.5 46.8

N8 Thuppaki Nagar 49.7 42.8 48.3



53

Table 3-11 Ambient Noise Quality Standards

Category of Area / Zone Limits in dB (A) Leq

Day Time Night Time

Industrial Area 75 70

Commercial Area 65 55

Residential Area 55 45

Silence Zone 50 40

Source: CPCB

Note: Daytime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.

Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

3.10.5 OBSERVATIONS

Daytime Noise Levels

Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 45.5 to 52.6 dB (A). The

maximum noise level was observed to be 52.6 dB (A) at Thuvakudi and a minimum of

45.5 dB (A) was observed at Kiliyur.

Night time Noise Levels

Noise levels observed to fall in the range 38.7 to 43.7 dB (A) during the night time. A

maximum of 43.7 dB (A) was observed at Kappalur and a minimum of 38.7 dB (A) was

observed at Utchapatti. Measured noise levels are observed to be in compliance with

prescribed standards for ambient noise for the respective applicable categories.

3.11 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Water sampling has been conducted to establish baseline water quality in the area. Water

analysis was carried out for physical and chemical parameters as per the methods

prescribed in IS and “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

(American Public Health Association)”.

3.11.1 SAMPLING LOCATIONS

The details of the water sampling stations are presented in the Table 3.12 and shown in

Figure 3.9.



54

Table 3-12 WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

Figure 3-8 MAP SHOWING WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

Location Code

Location Geographical

location Direction w.r.t

project site

Distance w.r.t project site

(km)

Type of water

GW1 Project site 10°46’43.63”N 78°50’20.34”E

-- -- Ground Water

GW2 Navalpattu 10°44’56.92”N 78°46’30.50”E

WSW 7.4 Ground Water

GW3 Thuvakudi 10°44’56.84”N 78°49’35.04”E

SSW 2.5 Ground Water

GW4 Thirunedunkalam 10°46’18.49”N 78°51’06.87”E

ESE 1.6 Ground Water

GW5 Kiliyur 10°49’24.35”N 78°51’08.70”E

NNE 5.2 Ground Water

GW6 Thuppaki Nagar 10°43’14.29”N 78°47’40.29”E

SW 6.6 Ground Water

SW1 Kollidam River 10°50'11.99"N 78°51'5.22"E

NNE 6.6 Surface Water

SW2 Kaveri River 10°50'4.15"N 78°46'5.15"E

NW 9.5 Surface Water

SW3 Vennar River 10°48'39.87"N 78°55'11.16"E

ENE 9.5 Surface Water



55

3.11.2 Results

The physicochemical characteristics of water in the study area are presented in the

Tables 3.13 and is compared with the standards (IS 10500: Indian

Standards/Specifications for Drinking Water) reference values.

Table 3-13 Results for Water Analysis

S. No

Parameters Unit Test method

Limit as per

IS 10500 : 2012

GW1 GW2 GW3

1 Temperature C -- Not

Specified 25.7 26 26.1

2 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION 5 1 Nil Nil

3 Odour - APHA 22nd EDITION Unobjectio

nable No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed

4 pH at 25°C - IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 2002)

6.5-8.5 7.51 7.13 7.23

5 Electrical Conductivity

μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 2002)

Not Specified

740 3210 1563

6 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 2002)

1 0.8 0.6 BDL(<0.5)

7 Total Dissolved Solids

mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003)

500 387 1819 910

8 Total Hardness as CaCO3

mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-2009

200 190 901 525

9 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3

mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003)

200 152 460 280

10 Chloride as Cl mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 2003)

250 85 685 308

11 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-4500- SO42- E

200 69 188 38

12 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-F B&D

1.0 0.44 0.65 0.91

13 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NO3- B

45 5 57 51

14 Ammonia as N mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500- NH3 B&C

0.5 BDL(<0.05) 0.11 BDL(<0.05)

15 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 (Reaff:2002)

Not Specified

0.02 0.08 0.03

16 Sodium as Na mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003)

Not Specified

64 300 136

17 Potassium as K mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-1993 (Reaff:2003)

Not Specified

15 12 20



56

18 Calcium as Ca mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-1991 (Reaff:2003)

75 42 186 109

19 Magnesium as Mg

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-3500,Mg - B

30 21 106 61

20 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003

0.3 0.05 0.13 BDL(<0.05)

21 Manganese as Mn

mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006

Not Specified

BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)

22 Phenolic compounds as C6H5OH

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

23 Copper as Cu

mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2003)

0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

24 Mercury as Hg

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B

0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

25 Cadmium as Cd

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B

0.003 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

26 Selenium as Se


0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

27 Total Arsenic as As


0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

28 Cyanide as CN

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E

0.05 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)

29 Lead as Pd


0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.01)

30 Zinc as Zn


5 0.15 0.10 0.15

31 Total Chromium as Cr


0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

32 Nickel mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -

3113 B 0.02 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02)

33 Aluminium as Al mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -

3500-Al-B 2012 0.03 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

34 Pesticides µg/l USEPA 525.2 Absent Absent Absent Absent

S. No

Parameters Unit

Test method

Limit as per

IS 10500 : 2012

GW4 GW5 GW6

1 Temperature C -- Not

Specified 26.5 26.3 26.34

2 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION

5 Nil Nil 1

3 Odour - APHA 22nd EDITION

Unobjectionable

No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed


6.5-8.5 7.42 7.59 7.44



Not Specified

1290 520 1543



57


1 BDL(<0.5) BDL(<0.5) 0.7


mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003)

500 735 302 895


mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-2009

200 492 160 570


mg/l

IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003)

200 228 152 320


250 241 48 323


200 86 32 36


1.0 0.59 0.29 0.61


45 1 4 13


0.5 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 0.10


Not Specified

0.06 0.04 0.08


Not Specified

95 37 145


Not Specified

16 10 12


75 105 19 92

19 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-3500,Mg - B

30 55 27 82

20 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003

0.3 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 0.11

21 Manganese as Mn

mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006

Not Specified

BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)


mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D 0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

23 Copper as Cu

mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2003)

0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

24 Mercury as Hg


0.001 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

25 Cadmium as Cd


0.003 BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

26 Selenium as Se


0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)



58



0.01 BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

28 Cyanide as CN

mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E

0.05 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)

29 Lead as Pd


0.01 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

30 Zinc as Zn


5 0.10 0.05 0.14



0.05 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

32 Nickel mg/l APHA 22nd EDN

-3113 B 0.02 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02)

33 Aluminium as Al mg/l APHA 22nd EDN

-3500-Al-B 2012

0.03 BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

34 Pesticides

µg/l USEPA 525.2 Absent Absent Absent Absent

S. No

Parameters Unit

Test method

SW1 SW2 SW3

1 Temperature C -- 25.8 25.8 26.6

2 Colour Hazen APHA 22nd EDITION 2 3 5

3 Odour - APHA 22nd EDITION No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed

No Odour Observed


8.17 7.71 7.64



520 680 730


2.6 3.1 4.4


mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003)

307 394 416


mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-2009 140 180 200


mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003)

125 192 182


78 101 107


36 31 42


0.21 0.36 0.52


3 5 3


0.15 0.24 1.11


0.18 0.31 0.83



59


54 76 79


11 8.6 12.2


28 37 41

19 Magnesium as Mg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN-3500,Mg - B

17 21.2 23

20 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003 0.14 0.16 0.32

21 Total Suspended Solids

mg/l IS : 3025 Part 17-1984 5 7 8

22 Dissolved Oxygen as O2

mg/l IS:3025:Part-38:1989 6.8 7.2 6.8

23 Chemical Oxygen Demand

mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 20 18 24

24 Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand at 27°C for 3 days

mg/l IS:3025:Part-44:1993 3.1 2.8 4.1

25 Manganese as Mn mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006 BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02)


mg/l APHA 22nd EDN 5530 B,C,D BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

27 Copper as Cu mg/l IS:3025 Part 42 (Reaff:2003)

BDL(<0.002) BDL(<0.002) BDL(<0.002)

28 Mercury as Hg mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3112B BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

29 Cadmium as Cd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001)

30 Selenium as Se mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)


mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

32 Cyanide as CN mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -4500-CN E

BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)

33 Lead as Pd mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01)

34 Zinc as Zn mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3111 B 0.14 0.11 0.18


mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05)

36 Nickel mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3113 B BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02)

37 Aluminium as Al mg/l APHA 22nd EDN -3500-Al-B 2012

BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03) BDL(<0.03)

38 Anionic Surfactants as MBAS

mg/l APHA 22ND EDITION BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025) BDL(<0.025)

39 Total Coliforms MPN/ 100ml

IS 1622 (1981) 900 350 900

40 E coli MPN/ 100ml

IS 1622 (1981) 30 17 110



60

3.11.3 Observations

Ground Water

The analysis of groundwater results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 7.13

– 7.59, TDS ranges from 302 mg/l – 1819 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 160 mg/l -

901 mg/l, iron content ranges from BDL (<0.05) mg/l – 0.13 mg/l, nitrate content ranges

from 1 mg /l – 57 mg/l was observed.

Surface Water

The analysis of Surface water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 7.64

– 8.17, TDS ranges from 307 mg/l - 416 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 140 mg/l - 200

mg/l, DO ranges from 6.8 mg/l – 7.2 mg/l was observed.

3.12 Soil Environment

3.12.1 Soil analysis

The present study of the soiltively quality establishes the baseline characteristics and this

will help in future in identifying the incremental concentrations if any, due to the

operation of the proposed Project. The sampling locations have been identified with the

following objectives;

To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area and

To determine the impact of proposed project on soil characteristics

Five locations within the study area were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil

samples were collected from three different depths viz., 30 cm, 60 cm and 100 cm below

the surface. The samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. The

details of the soil sampling location are presented in Table 3.14 and shown in Figure

3.10. The results are presented in Table 3.15 and compared with Standard Soil

Classification presented in Table 3.16.



61

Table 3-14 Soil Sampling Locations

Location Code

Location Geographical

Location

Direction wrt to

project site

Distance wrt project site in

km

S1 Project site 10°46’37.97”N 78°50’18.38”E

-- --

S2 Navalpattu 10°44’58.41”N 78°46’32.69”E

WSW 7.4

S3 Thuvakudi 10°44’56.38”N 78°49’34.78”E

SSW 2.5

S4 Agaram 10°47’36.87”N 78°45’18.48”E

WNW 8.8

S5 Thirunedunkalam 10°46’17.97”N 78°51’05.87”E

ESE 1.6

S6 Kiliyur 10°49’24.54”N 78°51’09.52”E

NNE 5.2

S7 Asoor 10°43’29.16”N 78°50’44.76”E

SSE 5.6

S8 Thuppaki Nagar 10°43’14.72”N 78°47’39.92”E

SW 6.6

Figure 3-9 Map Showing the Location Soil Sampling Stations



62

Presentation of Results

The results of the soil analysis are tabulated in Table 3.15. Standard soil classification is

given in Table 3.16.

Table 3-15 SOIL QUALITY RESULTS

S. No Parameters Test Method S1 S2 S3 S4

1 pH IS -2720(Part 26) 1987(RA 2011)

7.36 7.92 7.61 8.27

2 Bulk Density, g/cc FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 1

1.44 1.35 1.48 1.21

3 Electrical Conductivity, mS/cm

IS -14767:2000 (RA 2010)

0.098 0.182 0.083 0.314

4 Available Nitrogen, kg/ha

IS -14684:1999, Reaff:2008

321 471 269 352

5 Available Phosphorous, kg/ha

FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 2

45.5 53.6 28.7 41.3

6 Available Potassium, kg/ha


342 281 224 294

7 Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, m.eq/100g


8.05 12.2 7.45 15.2

8 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, m.eq/100g


3.62 4.57 2.69 6.23

9 Exchangeable Sodium as Na, m.eq/100g


0.75 1.52 1.12 2.36

10 Organic matter (%) IS 2720 (Part 22):1972, Reaff:2010

0.61 0.89 0.48 1.14

11 Texture Classification

Robinson Pipette Method

Loam Sandy Clay

Loam Loam Clay

12 Sand (%) 38.2 51.4 41.6 31.4 13 Clay (%) 19.4 23.6 13.7 57.2 14 Silt (%) 42.4 25 44.7 11.4

S. No Parameters Test Method S5 S6 S7 S8

1 pH IS -2720(Part 26) 1987(RA 2011)

7.15 6.88 7.29 8.11

2 Bulk Density, g/cc FAO Chapter 3, ABCTL/SOIL/SOP 1

1.43 1.52 1.39 1.32

3 Electrical Conductivity, mS/cm

IS -14767:2000 (RA 2010)

0.136 0.058 0.071 0.185

4 Available Nitrogen, kg/ha

IS -14684:1999, Reaff:2008

264 243 314 426



63

Table 3-16 STANDARD SOIL CLASSIFICATION

Chemical Parameters

Ranking

Very Low Low Moderate High Very High

pH <4, very

Strongly Acidic 4-5, Strongly

Acidic 5-8, Ideal for Plant Growth

8-9 Strongly Basic

>9 Very Strongly Basic

Electrical conductivity

(μS/cm)

<2000, Nonsaline

2000-4000 Saline

4000-8000 Moderately

Saline

8000-16000 Highly Saline

>16000 Extremely

Saline

Total Nitrogen (%)

<0.05 Very Low

0.05-0.15 Low 0.15-0.25 Moderate

0.25-0.5 High

>0.5 Very High

Total Phosphorous

(mg/kg)

<5 Very Low

5-10 Low

10-30 Moderate

30-60 High >60 Very High

Sodium (mg/kg)

- <200 Non

Sodic 200-500 Moderate

>500 Sodic

Potassium (mg/kg)

- <150 Low 150-250 Moderate

250-800 High

>800 Very High

Calcium (mg/kg)

- <1000

Low 1000-2000 Moderate

>2000 High -

Magnesium (mg/kg)

<40 Very Low 40-100

Low 100-300 Moderate

>300 High -

% Organic Matter

0.5-1.0 Very Low

1.0-2.0 Low

2.0-3.0 Moderate

3.0-5.0 High >5

Very High

5 Available Phosphorous, kg/ha


56.6 28.4 71.1 82.6

6 Available Potassium, kg/ha


207 196 252 322

7 Exchangeable Calcium as Ca, m.eq/100g


7.11 5.84 8.36 12.6

8 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, m.eq/100g


2.53 1.98 4.02 3.92

9 Exchangeable Sodium as Na, m.eq/100g


0.82 0.71 1.47 1.91

10 Organic matter (%) IS 2720 (Part 22):1972, Reaff:2010

0.66 0.43 0.71 1.02

11 Texture Classification

Robinson Pipette Method

Loam Silt

Loam Loam

Sandy Clay

Loam

12 Sand (%) 38.4 32.5 35.5 48.9 13 Clay (%) 17.6 11.6 20.4 28.4 14 Silt (%) 44 55.9 44.1 22.7



64

OBSERVATION

The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been observed that the pH of the soil

was ranging from 6.88 to 8.27 indicating the soils are basic in nature. The conductivity of the soil

ranges from 0.058 to 0.314 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less than 2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to

be Nonsaline in nature.

The texture of the soil sample is predominantly loam. Soil organic content varied from 0.43 to

1.14 % which indicates the very low level of organic matter.

The available nitrogen content ranges between 243 to 471 mg/kg in the locality and the value of

phosphorus content varies between 28.4 to 82.6 mg/kg. This indicates that the soil has very high

quantities of Nitrogen and Phosphorus.

The potassium content varies from 196 to 342 mg/kg which indicates that the soils have high

quantities of potassium.

From the above observations, it was found that the soil in the Study area shows moderate

fertility.

3.13 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Environmental impact assessment is concerned with the study of any proposed

developmental activity or actions on biodiversity (flora and fauna) and prediction of its

impacts. Ecology is a branch of science which dealing the relations and interactions

between organisms and their environment. Studies on biological aspects of ecosystem are

important in environmental quality and safety of natural flora and fauna including human

beings. Information about the impact (environmental stress) on the community structure

serves as inexpensive and efficient “early warning and control system” to check the

effectiveness of control measures to prevent damage to a particular ecosystem. An

ecological survey of the study area was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of

species and assessment of the existing baseline ecological conditions in the study area.

The main objective of biological study is to collect the baseline data regarding flora and

fauna in the study area.



65

Figure 3-10 Forest map of Trichy District (Source: TN Forest Department)

3.13.1 OBJECTIVES OF ECOLOGICAL STUDIES

The present study was undertaken with the objective of understanding the ecosystem on

the following lines:

To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around proposed

project site (within 10km radius);

To assess the distribution of animal life spectra (within 10km radius).

To identify impacts on ecology due to proposed project and suggest suitable

mitigation measures.

3.13.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE STUDY

Assessment of the existing vegetation types in the core and buffer zones has been done

using standard procedures. The terrain of the impact zone is chiefly plain.

The Biodiversity studies were already carried out in the entire study area of 10 km

radius. The study of flora is conducted as per the guidelines of the Ministry of

Environment and Forests, Government of India, with respect to the scope and objectives.

The study involved in the collection of primary data by conducting a survey in the field,

examination of floral and faunal records in previously published reports and records, and

analysis of the information in view of the possible alteration in an environment of the

proposed project site. For the survey of fauna, both direct and indirect observation

methods were used.



66

3.13.3 FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA

The list of flora observed in the buffer zone is given below:

Table 3-17 LIST OF FLORA OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA

Family Scientific Name Type

Acanthaceae Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. var. vestita Nees Tree Agavaceae Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm Tree Apocynaceae Parsonsia alboflavescens (Dennst.) Mabberley Tree Araliaceae Schefflera racemosa (Wight) Harms Tree

Arecaceae Phoenix loureirii Kunth var. humiis (Becc.) S.C.

Barrow Tree

Arecaceae Phoenix rupicola L. Tree Bignoniaceae Dolichandrone atrovirens (Heyne ex Roth) Sprague Tree

Burseraceae Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) Engler var.

caudata Tree

Caesalpiniaceae Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Tree Caesalpiniaceae Tamarindus indica L. Tree

Cannabaceae Cannabis sativa L. Tree Caprifoliaceae Lonicera ligustrina Wall. Tree Celastraceae Cassine glauca (Rottb.) Kuntze Tree

Combretaceae Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) Guill. & Perr. Tree

Compositae Vernonia fysonii Calder Tree Cornaceae Cornus capitata Wall. Tree Ebenaceae Diospyros ovalifolia Wight Tree

Ericaceae Erica arborea L. Tree

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha racemosa Heyne ex Baill. Tree

Euphorbiaceae Trewia nudiflora L. Tree Fabaceae Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Tree Gentianaceae Swertia minor (Griseb.) Knobl. Tree

Hamamelidaceae Exbucklandia populnea (R.Br. Ex Griffith) R. W. Br. Tree

Lauraceae Phoebe wightii Meisner Tree

Lecythidaceae Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Tree Loganiaceae Spigelia anthelmia L. Tree Lythraceae Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. Tree Magnoliaceae Michelia champaca L. Tree Malvaceae Hibiscus tiliaceus L. Tree Melastomataceae Memecylon subramanii Henry Tree Meliaceae Aglaia elaeagnoidea (Juss.) Benth. Tree Mimosaceae Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) Dc. Tree Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch. Tree Moraceae Plecospermum spinosum Trec. Tree Myrsinaceae Aegiceras corniculatus (L.) Blanco Tree

Myrtaceae Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. var.

megamalayanum K. Ravik. & Lakshmanan Tree

Nyctaginaceae Pisonia aculeata L. Tree Pandanaceae Pandanus odoratissimus L.f. Tree



67

Passifloraceae Passiflora suberosa L. Tree Piperaceae Piper hymenophyllum Miq. Tree Rhamnaceae Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. var. mauritiana Tree Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Savigny Large tree Rosaceae Prunus ceylanica (Wight) Miq. Tree

Rubiaceae Byrsophyllum tetrandrum (Bedd.) Hook.f. ex Bedd. Tree Rubiaceae Tricalysia apiocarpa (Dalz.) Gamble Tree Rutaceae Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. Tree

Sapotaceae Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Rafin. var. elengioides

(A.DC.) Vajravelu Tree

Simaroubaceae Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Tree Solanaceae Cestrum nocturnum L. Tree Sterculiaceae Pterospermum canescens Roxb. Tree

Sterculiaceae Sterculia urens Roxb. Large Tree Tiliaceae Berrya cordifolia (Willd.) Burret. Large Tree Ulmaceae Celtis timorensis Spanoghe Tree Ulmaceae Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Tree Urticaceae Pouzolzia wightii Benn. var. wallichiana Hook.f. Tree Verbenaceae Duranta erecta L. Tree Anacardiaceae Nothopegia beddomei Gamble Small tree Apiaceae Trachyspermum roxburghianum (DC.) Craib Small tree Apocynaceae Carissa salicina Lam. Small tree Averrhoaceae Averrhoa bilimbi L. Small Tree

Barringtoniaceae Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. Small or

medium sized

tree Bixaceae Bixa orellana L. Small Tree Burseraceae Commiphora berryi (Arn.) Engler Small Tree

Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia purpurea L. Moderate sized tree

Caesalpiniaceae Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) S. F. Blake Medium Sized

Tree

Capparidaceae Crateva adansonii DC. subsp. odora (Buch. - Ham.)

Jacobs Small Tree

Celastraceae Euonymus dichotomous Heyne ex Roxb. Small tree Celastraceae Glyptopetalum lawsonii Gamble Small tree Convolvulaceae Rivea ornata (Roxb.) Choisy Small tree Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus serratus L. Small Tree Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb. Small Tree Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus pinnatus (Wight) Webster Small tree Flacourtiaceae Casearia tomentosa Roxb. Small Tree Malvaceae Hibiscus canescens Heyne ex Wight & Arn. Small Tree

Melastomataceae Memecylon tirunelvelicum Murugan, Manickam &

Sundaresan Small tree

Meliaceae Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker Moderate sized tree

Mimosaceae Albizia amara (Roxb.) Boivin Moderate sized tree

Myrsinaceae Embelia basaal (Roem. & Schultes) A.DC. Small tree Myrsinaceae Embelia ribes Burm.f. Small tree



68

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Medium Sized

Tree

Myrtaceae Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. var. lineare (Duthie)

Alston Small tree

Ochnaceae Ochna lanceolata Spreng. Small tree Ochnaceae Ochna gamblei King ex Brandis Small Tree Pandanaceae Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Small Tree Rhamnaceae Sageretia parviflora (Klein) G. Don Small Tree Rhamnaceae Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. Small tree Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume Small tree Rubiaceae Pavetta hispidula Wight & Arn. Small tree

Rutaceae Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa Small Thorny

Tree Solanaceae Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Small Tree Sterculiaceae Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Small Tree Sterculiaceae Kleinhovia hospita L. Small Tree

Symplocaceae Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour.) Moore subsp.

laurina (Retz.) Nooteb. Small tree

Tiliaceae Grewia abutilifolia Juss. Small Tree Tiliaceae Muntingia calabura L. Small Tree Verbenaceae Clerodendrum aculeatum Griseb. Small tree Verbenaceae Vitex leucoxylon L.f. Small tree Zygophyllaceae Guaiacum officinale L. Small Tree Acanthaceae Stenosiphonium parviflorum T.And. Shrub Agavaceae Agave americana L. Shrub

Amaranthaceae Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. Shrub/Straggling

Undershrub Annonaceae Miliusa eriocarpa Dunn Shrub

Apiaceae Bupleurum distichophyllum Wight & Arn. Shrub Apocynaceae Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. Climbing Shrub Apocynaceae Carissa carandas L. Shrub

Arecaceae Calamus rheedii Griff Shrub

Arecaceae Phoenix loureirii Kunth var. humiis (Becc.) S.C.

Barrow Shrub

Asclepiadaceae Brachystelma rangacharii Gamble Shrub Begoniaceae Begonia integrifolia Dalz. Shrub Bignoniaceae Tecoma stans (L.) Kunth Shrub Boraginaceae Ehretia pubescens Benth. Shrub Burseraceae Commiphora berryi (Arn.) Engler Shrub Cactaceae Cereus pterogonus Lem. Shrub Cactaceae Cylindropuntia ramosissima (Engler) Knuth Shrub Cactaceae Opuntia vulgaris Mill. Shrub

Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia tomentosa L. Shrub Campanulaceae Campanula drabifolia Sibth. & Smith Shrub

Capparidaceae Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce Straggling Shrub

Celastraceae Salacia chinensis L. Shrub

Chenopodiaceae Salicornia brachiata Roxb. Shrub Chenopodiaceae Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. Shrub

Combretaceae Calycopteris floribunda Lam. Shrub



69

Compositae Vernonia fysonii Calder Under shrub Convolvulaceae Argyreia imbricata (Roth) Sant. & Patel Shrub Convolvulaceae Rivea ornata (Roxb.) Choisy Climbing shrub Datiscaceae Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br. Shrub Dracaenaceae Dracaena terniflora Roxb. Shrub

Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus kologa Schlecht. Straggling/Clim

bing Shrub Ericaceae Erica arborea L. Shrub

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. Undershrub Fabaceae Tephrosia spinosa (L.f.) Pers. Shrub Flacourtiaceae Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Shrub Flacourtiaceae Oncoba spinosa Forsk. Shrub Icacinaceae Pyrenacantha volubiis Wight Shrub Labiatae Plectranthus deccanicus Briq. Undershrub Leeaceae Leea indica (Burm. F. ) Merr. Large shrub

Linaceae Hugonia mystax L. Rambling or

Climbing Shrub Loranthaceae Taxilus courtallensis (Gamble) Danser Shrub Loranthaceae Taxilus cuneatus (Heyne ex Roth) Danser Shrub Lythraceae Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth Subshrub Malpighiaceae Malpighia heternantha Wight Shrub

Malvaceae Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn. Erect Undershrub

Melastomataceae Tibouchina urvileana (DC.) Cogn. Shrub

Menispermaceae Cissampelos pareira L. var. hirsuta (Buch.-Ham. ex

DC.) Forman Shrub

Mimosaceae Mimosa hamata Willd. Shrub

Mimosaceae Mimosa pudica L. Undershrub

Moraceae Ficus heterophylla L.f. Shrub Moraceae Plecospermum spinosum Trec. Shrub Myrsinaceae Aegiceras corniculatus (L.) Blanco Shrub

Myrtaceae Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. var. lineare (Duthie)

Alston Shrub

Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea glabra Choisy Climbing shrub Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Climbing shrub Ochnaceae Ochna jabotapita L. Shrub Ochnaceae Ochna lanceolata Spreng. Shrub Olacaceae Olax scandens Roxb. Climbing shrub Oleaceae Jasminum arborescens Roxb. Climbing Shrub Onagraceae Ludwigia peruviana (L.) Hara Shrub Opiliaceae Cansjera rheedii Gmel. Shrub

Pandanaceae Pandanus thwaitesii Martelli Undershrub Passifloraceae Passiflora laurifolia L. Shrub Poaceae Teinostachyum wightii Bedd. Shrub Polygalaceae Polygala javana DC. Undershrub Polygonaceae Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. Climbing shrub Portulacaceae Talinum triangulare Willd. Erect Shrub Ranunculaceae Naravelia zeylanica (L.) DC. Climbing Shrub Rhamnaceae Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn. Shrub Rhamnaceae Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. Large shrub



70

Rhizophoraceae Rhizophora x annamalayana Kathir. Shrub Rosaceae Rosa x damascena Mill. Shrub Rubiaceae Agrostemma verticillatum Wall. Shrub

Rubiaceae Benkara malabarica (Lam.) Tirvengadum Shrub

Santalaceae Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne. var. puberula

(Hook.f.) Kumari Shrub

Sapindaceae Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch. Large shrub Sapindaceae Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. Shrub Scrophulariaceae Russelia equisetiformis Schlecht. & Cham. Shrub Scrophulariaceae Scoparia dulcis L. Undershrub Solanaceae Browallia viscosa Kunth. Shrub

Sterculiaceae Waltheria indica L. Erect Herb or

Undershrub

Symplocaceae Symplocos pulchra Wight subsp. coriacea Gopalan &

Henry Shrub

Tiliaceae Grewia abutilifolia Juss. Shrub Vacciniaceae Vaccinium leschenaultii Wight var. zeylanica Clarke Shrub Verbenaceae Clerodendrum aculeatum Griseb. Shrub

Verbenaceae Vitex negundo L. var. purpurascens Sivar. &

Moldenke Shrub

Violaceae Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. v. Muell. Shrub Vitaceae Ampelocissus tomentosa (Heyne ex Roth) Planch. Shrub Acanthaceae Ruellia colorata Blume Herb

Acanthaceae Rungia pectinata (L.) Nees Herb Aizoaceae Lampranthus spectabilis (Haw.) N. E. Br. Herb Alliaceae Allium porrum L. Herb

Alstroemeriaceae Bomarea oligantha Baker Herb

Amaranthaceae Achyranthes bidentata Blume Herb Amaryllidaceae Zephyranthes tubispatha Herbert Herb Anthericaceae Chlorophytum nimmonii (Graham) Dalz. Herb Apiaceae Anethum graveolens L. Herb Apocynaceae Vallaris solanacea (Roth) Kuntze Herb

Araceae Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott Herb Araceae Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. Herb Asclepiadaceae Caralluma adscendens (Roxb.) Haw. var.

adscendens

Herb Asphodelaceae Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav. Herb Begoniaceae Begonia albo-coccinea Hook. Herb Brassicaceae Raphanus sativus L. Herb Cactaceae Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rosc. Herb Caesalpiniaceae Peltophorum africanum Sond. Herb Callitrichaceae Callitriche stagnalis Scop. Herb

Campanulaceae Campanula alphonsii Wall. ex A.DC. Herb Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia flexuosa (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Thulin Herb Cannabaceae Cannabis sativa L. Herb Cannaceae Canna indica L. Herb Capparidaceae Cleome aspera Koen ex. DC. Herb Caryophyllaceae Polycarpon prostratum (Forsk.) Asch. & Sehweinf. Herb Chenopodiaceae Beta vulgaris L. Herb Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium album L. Herb



71

Colchicaceae Gloriosa rothschildiana O'Brien Herb Colchicaceae Gloriosa superba L. Herb Commelinaceae Belosynapsis vivipara (Dalz.) Fischer Epiphytic Herb Commelinaceae Setcreasea purpurea Boom Herb

Compositae Acroclinium roseum Hook. Herb Convolvulaceae Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schultes Herb Crassulaceae Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. Herb Cucurbitaceae Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. Herb Cucurbitaceae Zehneria thwaitesii (Schweinf.) Jeffrey Herb Cyperaceae Ascopholis gamblei Fischer Herb Dipsacaceae Dipsacus leschenaultii Coult. Herb Dracaenaceae Sansevieria roxburghiana Schultes & Schultes Herb Elatinaceae Elatine ambigua Wight Prostrate Herb Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon brownianum Martius ex Wall. Herb Euphorbiaceae Tragia bicolor Miq. Herb Fabaceae Aeschynomene indica L. Herb

Fabaceae Smithia blanda Wall. ex Wight & Arn. var. racemosa

(Heyne ex Wight & Arn.) Baker Herb

Gentianaceae Exacum sessile L. Herb

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum oliganthum (Wight & Arn.) F. v.

Muell. Herb

Hyacinthaceae Ornithogalum conicum Jacq. Herb Hyacinthaceae Urginea congesta Wight Herb

Hydrocharitaceae Blyxa aubertii Rich. var. echinosperma (Clarke)

Cook & Luond Submerged Herb

Hypoxidaceae Molineria trichocarpa (Wight) Balakr. Herb

Juncaceae Juncus inflexus L. Herb Labiatae Anisomeles heyneana Benth. Herb Lemnaceae Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden Floating Herb Lentibulariaceae Utricularia bifida L. Herb Lentibulariaceae Utricularia stellaris L.f. Herb

Linaceae Linum mysurense Heyne ex Benth. Herb Linaceae Linum usitatissimum L. Herb

Lobeliaceae Lobelia leschenaultiana (Presl) Skottsb. Herb

Lobeliaceae Lobelia nicotianifolia Roth ex Schultes var.

trichandra (Wight) Clarke Herb

Loganiaceae Mitrasacme indica Wight Herb Lythraceae Ammania baccifera L. subsp baccifera Herb Malvaceae Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke Annual Herb Martyniaceae Martynia annua L. Herb Molluginaceae Mollugo stricta L. Herb Musaceae Ensete ventricosum(Welw.) Cheesman Herb Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Erect Herb Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia crispa Heyne ex Hook.f. Herb Onagraceae Oenothera glazioviana Mich. Herb

Orchidaceae Eulophia cullenii (Wight) Blume Terrestrial Herb Pedaliaceae Sesamum radiatum Schumach. & Thonn. Herb Phytolaccaceae Rivina humilis L. Herb Piperaceae Peperomia heyneana Miq. Herb



72

Poaceae Agrostis zenkeri Trin. Herb Polygonaceae Rumex nepalensis Spreng. Herb Pontederiaceae Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub. Floating Herb Portulacaceae Portulacaria afra Jacq. Herb Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis L. Herb Primulaceae Anagallis pumila Sw. Herb Primulaceae Lysimachia leschenaultii Duby Trailing Herb Rubiaceae Acranthera anamallica Bedd. Herb

Rubiaceae Wendlandia thyrsoidea (Schultes) Steud. Herb Sambucaceae Sambucus nigra L. Herb Sapindaceae Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Herb Saxifragaceae Vahlia digyna (Retz.) Bullock Herb Scrophulariaceae Adenosma indianum (Lour.) Merr. Herb Solanaceae Browallia americana L. Herb Sterculiaceae Melochia corchorifolia L. Herb Taccaceae Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze Herb Tiliaceae Corchorus aestuans L. Herb Turneraceae Turnera subulata Smith Herb Urticaceae Pilea melastomoides (Poir.) Blume Herb Urticaceae Pilea wightii Wedd. Herb

Urticaceae Pouzolzia wightii Benn. var. wallichiana Hook.f. Herb Valerianaceae Valeriana arnottiana Wight Herb Valerianaceae Valeriana leschenaultii DC. Herb

Verbenaceae Priva cordifolia (L.f.) Druce Herb

Violaceae Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. v. Muell. Herb or

Undershrub Vitaceae Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin. Herb Vitaceae Cyphostemma setosum (Roxb.) Alston Herb Zingiberaceae Alpinia abundiflora Burtt & Smith Herb Zygophyllaceae Tribulus lanuginosis L. Herb Acanthaceae Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. var. vestita Nees Climber

Alangiaceae Alangium salvifolium (L.f.) Wang. subsp.

hexapetalum (Lam.) Wang Climber

Amaranthaceae Psilotrichum elliotii Baker & Clarke Climbing Annonaceae Artabotrys hexapetalus (L. f.) Bhandari Climbing Apocynaceae Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. Climbing Apocynaceae Kopsia fruticosa (Ker-Gawl.) A.DC. Climber Apocynaceae Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill Climbing Arecaceae Calamus travancoricus L. Climber Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia grandiflora Sw. Climber Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia indica L. Climber Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia ringens Vahl Climber

Asclepiadaceae Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. var. lushii (Graham)

Hook.f. Climber

Asparagaceae Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop Climber Bignoniaceae Clytostoma purpureum (Lodd. ex Sweet) Rehder Climber Bignoniaceae Macfadynea unguis-cati (L.) A. Gentry Climber Cactaceae Epiphyllum oxypetalum (DC.) Haw. Climber Capparidaceae Capparis zeylanica L. Twiner Climber



73

Compositae Vernonia divergens (Roxb.) Edgew. Climbing Convolvulaceae Argyreia nervosa (Burm.f.) Boj. Climbing Convolvulaceae Rivea ornata (Roxb.) Choisy Climbing Cucurbitaceae Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai Climber

Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea oppositifolia L. var. dukhumensis Prain &

Burkill Climber

Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus kologa Schlecht. Straggling/

Climbing Euphorbiaceae Tragia muelleriana Pax & Hoffm. Climbing

Fabaceae Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. sublobata (Roxb.)

Verdc. Climber

Lauraceae Cassytha capillaris Meisner Climber

Linaceae Hugonia mystax L. Rambling Climbing

Loganiaceae Fagraea ceilanica Thub. Climber

Menispermaceae Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook. f. &

Thoms. Climber

Mimosaceae Acacia grahamii Vajravelu Climbing

Moraceae Ficus pumila L. Climber Myrsinaceae Embelia basaal (Roem. & Schultes) A.DC. Climbing

Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea glabra Choisy Climbing Passifloraceae Passiflora suberosa L. Climber Piperaceae Piper barberi Gamble Climber Piperaceae Piper hymenophyllum Miq. Climber

Plumbaginaceae Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. Climber

Plumbaginaceae Plumbago auriculata Lam. Climber Polygonaceae Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. Climbing

Rutaceae Zanthoxylum limoneiia (Dennst.) Alston Large Woody

Climber

Santalaceae Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne. var. puberula

(Hook.f.) Kumari Climber

Sapindaceae Aiophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch. Climber Sapindaceae Cardiospermum canescens Wall. Climber Scrophulariaceae Lindernia anagaiis (Burm.f.) Pennell Creeping

Smilacaceae Smilax zeylanica L. Climber Solanaceae Cestrum nocturnum L. Climbing Verbenaceae Petrea volubilis L. Climbing Vitaceae Cissus heyneana (Wall. ex Lawson) Planch. Climber

3.13.4 FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA

Field studies are conducted to assess fauna in the study area. List of animals present in the study

area are given below:



74

Table 3-18 LIST OF FAUNA OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA

S.No. Common Name Scientific Name

Conservation status: Wildlife

(Protection) Act 1972 (WPA 1972)

Mammals 1. Cow Bos taurus Not enlisted 2. Common cat Felis silvestris catus Not enlisted 3. Common dog Canis lupus familiaris Not enlisted 4. Squirrel Funambulus palmarum Sch-IV 5. Common mangoose Herpestes edwardsii Sch-IV

Amphibians 6. Common Indian toad Bufo melanostictus Not enlisted 7. Freshwater frog Rana tigrina Sch – IV

Reptiles 8. Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor Not enlisted 9. Common skink Mabuya carinata Not enlisted

Birds 10. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Sch – IV 11. Common babbler Turdoides caudatus Sch – IV 12. Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Sch – IV 13. Pariah Kite Milvus migrans Not enlisted 14. Spotted dove Spilopelia chinensis Sch – IV 15. Indian cuckoo Cuculus micropterus Sch – IV 16. Koels Eudynamys scolopacea Sch – IV 17. House swift Apus affinus Sch – IV 18. Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Sch – IV 19. Green Bee-Eater Merops orientalis Sch – IV 20. Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata Sch – IV 21. Indian black drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Sch – IV 22. Indian myna Acridotheres tristis Sch – IV 23. House Crow Corvus splendens Sch – IV 24. Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos Sch – V 25. Red vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer Sch – IV 26. White headed Babbler Turdoides affinis Sch – IV

Butterflies 27. Blue mormon Papilio polymnestor Not enlisted 28. Blue pansy Junonia orithya Not enlisted 29. Common Indian crow Euploea core Not enlisted 30. Common grass yellow Eurema hecabe Not enlisted 31. Common leopard Phalanta phalantha Not enlisted

32. Lime butterfly Papilio demoleus Not enlisted



75

ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY

As per MoEF&CC guideline, 10 km radius from the project site is considered as a study

area for evaluating environmental sensitivity. There is no National Parks, Wildlife

Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves and Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals found in the

study area. Archaeologically important places such as Erumbeeswarar Temple is at 7.5

km (WNW) and Tiruchirapalli Rock Fort is at 15.95 km (WNW)

3.14 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The assessment of socio-economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study.

Socio-Economic status of the population is an indicator of the development of the region.

Any developmental project of any magnitude will have a bearing on the living conditions

and on the economic base of the population in particular and the region as a whole.

Similarly, the proposed activities will have its share of socio-economic influence in the

study area. The section delineates the overall appraisal of society relevant attributes. The

data collection for evaluation of the impact of the proposed project on socioeconomic

aspects in the study area has been done through primary household survey and through

the analysis of secondary data available for the study area.

3.14.1 METHODOLOGY

The methodology adopted in assessment of socio-economic condition is as given below;

To assess Socio-Economic conditions of the Population

Analysis of the identified social attributes like population distribution,

availability of public utilities etc., through Census of India 2011

Primary household survey to assess the present status of population of the

study area

3.15 SOURCES OF INFORMATION

As per the scope of this study, the information on socio-economic aspects has been

gathered and compiled from several secondary sources. These include Taluk Office,

Collectorate, Agriculture Department, Irrigation Department, Central Ground Water

Board, Directorate of Census Operation, Tamil Nadu etc. The demographic data has

mainly been compiled from the Census of India 2011. The socio-economic details are

briefly described in following sections.



76

This section includes the present status of the Socio-Economic Environment in the study

area. To determine the baseline socio-economic pattern, at and around the project site,

the required data have been obtained from the published data. Socio-economic baseline

data were collected for the following indicators:

Demographic Structure

Economic Structure

Availability of Basic Amenities

The major demographic and economic structure of the study area is classified into

population, literacy rate and workers details.

3.15.1 SETTLEMENT PATTERN

The project site is at Vazhavanthankottai Village, Thiruverumbur Taluk, Trichy District

Tamil Nadu. The area within 10 km radius from the project site has been considered as a

study area.

3.15.1.1 POPULATION

According to the 2011 census, Trichy district has a population of 2,722,290. The district

has a population density 604 people per square kilometer. Its population growth

rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.57%. Trichy has a sex ratio of 1013 females for

every 1000 males and a literacy of 83.23%.

3.15.1.2 DEMOGRAPHY

Almost all villages in the study area are experiencing a rapid growth of population, which

may be due to the process of urbanization and industrialization. According to 2011

census, Trichy district had a population of 27,22,290. With a sex-ratio of 1013 females for

every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 2,72,456 were

under the age of six, constituting 1,39,946 males and 1,32,510 females. Scheduled Castes

and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 4,66,561 and 18,198 of the population respectively.

Average literacy rate of Trichy in 2011 were 83.23%. The district had a total of 6,98,404

households. There were a total of 10,82,329 main workers, comprising 1,61,657 main

cultivators, 3,19,720 main agricultural laborer’s, 5,75,778 other workers, 1,31,650

marginal workers and 15,08,311 Non-workers. The district has a population density of

604 inhabitants per square kilometer.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_census_of_India


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes



77

Table 3-19 DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION IN THE STUDY AREA

Village

Name

Total

HH Total

Population

Male

Population

Female

Population

Population

(Under

Age 6)

Scheduled

Caste

Scheduled

Tribes Literates

Total

Workers

Main

Workers

Marginal

Workers

Non

Workers

Asur 364 1579 772 807 182 216 4 1014 813 1137 359 1424

Elandapatti 204 754 374 380o 94 15 - 432 347 37 310 407

Thuvakudi 9402 38887 21112 17775 3261 6835 386 31716 13911 11772 2139 24976

Valavandankottai 2314 9202 4699 4503 1044 1529 - 6854 3861 3111 750 5341

Natarajapuram 321 1294 668 626 122 228 - 1110 693 377 316 601

Vengur 875 3487 1721 1766 330 932 7 2769 1632 1385 247 1855

Sathamangalam 820 3038 1479 1559 314 541 - 2248 1510 1341 169 1528

Kandalur 178 735 378 357 70 196 - 479 287 272 15 448

Navalpattu 4398 16788 8375 8413 1477 4717 52 13967 6266 5001 1265 10522

Thiruverumbur 37845 150217 75336 74881 14656 30387 696 120369 61321 50241 11080 88896

Kiliyur 428 1720 818 902 173 363 - 1239 809 450 359 911

Sathamangalam 820 3038 1479 1559 314 541 - 2248 1510 1341 169 1528

Palaganamgudy 3479 13469 6785 6684 1392 2640 145 10631 5202 4192 1010 8267

Krishnasamudram 3371 13146 6626 6520 1164 2279 58 11317 4973 4113 860 8173

Pappankurichi 6026 24023 12081 11942 2515 4721 54 19365 9211 8365 846 14812

Gundur 2504 10386 5186 5200 1110 2055 25 7913 4527 3689 838 5859

Pathalapattai 685 2734 1355 1379 295 803 - 1911 1311 814 497 1423

Tirunedunkulam 653 2877 1426 1451 337 433 - 2064 1453 1137 316 1424

Total 74687 297374 150670 146324 28850 59431 1427 237646 119637 98775 21545 178395



78

3.15.2 AVAILABILITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE

Availability of infrastructure and facilities denote the level of overall development in the

study area. The list of industries, schools, colleges and hospitals located near the study

area are given below:

Industries

BKS Engineering Ltd.

BHEL Complex Area

Barakath Engineering Industries Private Ltd.

RV enterprises Ltd.

Essar Hypermart Ltd.

Parasakthi Engineering Works Ltd.

Nelson Paper Recycling Plant

Sigma Poer Systems

Trichy Metal Engineers

Prapancha Pet Unit II Rose Water Pet Bottles Manufacuturing Ltd.

SIDCO Thiruverumbur Small Scale Boiler Fabrication Industry

Institutions

LHC Institute of Technology

Dr. Kalanigar Arts and Science College

Bharathidasan Institue of Management

State Institute of Hotel Mangement and Catering Technology

ARK Vidhy Jothi Vihas Matriculation School

National Institute of Technology

BHEL Training Centre

Government Arts College

SEZ IT Park

Hospitals

Government Hospitals

NIT Hospital


CHAPTER 4 - ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

AND MITIGATION MEASURES

79

4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

MEASURES

4.1 INTRODUCTION

The description of the existing environmental setting/baseline conditions is presented in

Chapter-3. This chapter presents identification and appraisal of various impacts from the

proposed storage expansion.

Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary.

Primary impacts are those which are attributed directly to the project and secondary

impacts are those which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated

investment and changed patterns of social and economic activities by this proposed

expansion work.

The impacts have been predicted for the proposed expansion of storage capacity at IOCL

Trichy terminal assuming that the pollution due to the existing activities have already been

covered under baseline environmental monitoring and continue to remain same till the

operation of the project.

The proposed storage expansion would create an impact on the environment in two

distinct phases:

During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short-term

and reversible effect; and

During the operation phase which would have long-term effects.

The construction and operational phase of the project comprise of various activities each of

which will have an impact on some or other environmental parameters. Various impacts

during the construction and operational phase on the environmental parameters have been

studied to estimate the impact on the environment. The details on the impact of the project

activity on each of the above environmental attributes are discussed below.




80

4.2 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

This includes the following activities related to leveling of the site, construction and

erection of storage tanks.

4.2.1 IMPACT ON LAND USE

The proposed facilities of the expansion project will be located within the existing premises

only and as such does not require any land acquisition. The site is flat land with minor

vegetation and requires only minimal cutting and leveling. Hence, no impact on land use is

anticipated.

4.2.2 IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY

Excavation of soil for tank foundation pad for CRVT tank for HSD and UGH tank for Bio-

diesel is planned. The excavated loose soil will be utilized for site leveling of low lying areas

inside the terminal.

The construction of storage tanks takes place on a minor vegetation land and so, there will

be minor loss in vegetation cover but topsoil may get disturbed to some extent in the

project area. Apart from much-localized construction impacts at the installation site, no

significant adverse impacts on the soil in the surrounding area are anticipated.

4.2.3 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY

Impacts of construction activities on air quality are cause for concern mainly in the dry

months due to conditions for formation and entrainment of dust particles. The main

sources of emission during the construction period are the movement of equipment at site

and dust emitted during the leveling, grading, earthworks, the foundation works and other

construction-related activities.

The dust emitted during the above-mentioned activities will be very less as the land within

the existing premises is flat which does not require any major leveling. The excavated soil

for foundation pad will be used for leveling. Therefore, the impact will be very less and for

short duration. The composition of dust in this kind of operation is, however, mostly

inorganic and non-toxic in nature.

Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment deployed during the construction phase

are also likely to result in a marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NOx, PM, CO and unburnt

hydrocarbons. However, since the increase in the number of vehicles necessary for




81

construction work is small, the consequent emission will be insignificant. It may, therefore,

be stated that construction activities may cause changes in the PM levels locally. The

impact will, however, be reversible, marginal and temporary in nature.

The impact of such activities would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase.

The impact will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible

outside the plant boundaries. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles, a sprinkling of

water on roads and construction site, providing sufficient vegetation etc. are some of the

measures that would greatly reduce the impacts during the construction phase.

4.2.4 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY

The drinking water and sanitation facilities within the installation will be extended to meet

the workforce requirement. During the implementation of the project, the additional

demand during the construction phase for sanitary and drinking purposes will be met from

the private tankers. The existing drinking water header will be extended to the site.

Impact on water quality during construction phase may be due to non-point discharges of

solids from soil loss. However, the construction will be more related to mechanical

fabrication, assembly and erection; hence the water requirements will be small. Temporary

sanitation facilities (septic tanks & soak pits) will be set up for disposal of sanitary sewage

generated by the workforce. Workers from nearby localities will be employed and so no

temporary housing for construction workers is required. The demand for water and

sanitation facilities will also be small and is considered manageable at the site itself.

The overall impact on water environment during construction phase due to proposed

expansion project will be short term, insignificant and reversible.

4.2.5 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS

Minor construction traffic for loading and unloading, fabrication and handling of equipment

and materials are likely to cause an increase in the ambient noise levels. The areas affected

are those close to the site which in this case is within the existing project area.

At the peak of the construction, a marginal increase in noise levels is expected to occur. The

activities which produce periodic noise will be the foundation for the construction of

storage tank for a short period.




82

Overall, the impact of generated noise on the environment will be insignificant, reversible

and local in nature and mainly confined to the day hours.

4.2.6 IMPACT ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY

The proposed expansion project will be carried out within the existing premises, which are

a vacant land and also does not have any endangered flora and fauna. Therefore, the impact

of construction activities on terrestrial ecology will be insignificant.

4.2.7 IMPACT ON AQUATIC ECOLOGY

This minor construction activity would not cause any significant impact on the river

aquatic ecosystem in the study area.

4.3 IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE

The following activities related to the operational phase will have varying impacts on the

environment and are considered for impact assessment:

1. Soil Quality

2. Topography and Climate

3. Ambient Air Quality

4. Water Resources

5. Water Quality

6. Noise Levels

7. Terrestrial Ecology

8. Aquatic Ecology

9. Demography and Socio-economics.

Various predictive techniques are used to determine the magnitude and significance of

these impacts.

4.3.1 IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY

After expansion, treated wastewater from STP will be reused for gardening. Also, oily

wastewater after OWS treatment does not contain any harmful pollutants to deteriorate

soil characteristics on percolation. Hence, the impact on soil characteristics will be

insignificant during the operation phase.




83

BIOREMEDIATION

Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to

remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site.

As per statutory requirements once in 5 years, all tanks will be cleaned and during

cleaning the sludge settled in the tank will be taken out and will be disposed of safely

through bioremediation.

The area inside the licensed area at the south-east side of terminal behind the class C

Tank Farm was identified for bioremediation.

Two pits of dimension 22mx15mx1.5m, divided into two chambers are constructed.

The pit is constructed with impervious floor to prevent the entry of sludge into the

ground below and roof to prevent entry of rainwater.

Procedure

- One part of soil is spread over the pit, followed by one part of sludge and was mixed

thoroughly.

- Olivorous bacteria is spread uniformly over the soil sludge mixture and mixed

properly with the mixture.

- The nutrient powder is dissolved in normal water and was sprayed over the area.

- Water is also sprinkled over the mixture to make it slightly wet.

- This procedure is repeated for all other four parts.

- A composite sample will be sent to R&D for analysis and the mixture was allowed

for bioremediation.

- After that, every month, composite sample from the pit will be taken in the same

way and will be sent to R&D for analysis.

- When presence of Oil in mixture came below 1%, dispose it to or use it for

gardening purpose.




84

Figure 4-1 Bioremediation Pit

4.3.2 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited in the immediate vicinity of

the existing Installation. The impact is going to be minimum and negligible. The change in

topography will be only due to new storage tanks. It will invite positive benefits in the form

of land leveling and tree plantations in the vicinity as required.

The proposed expansion takes place within the existing premises and it does not involve

any vegetation land which clearly indicates that impact on the climatic conditions from the

proposed expansion project will be insignificant. Comparison of regional data with the

monitored data reveals that there are not many variations in temperature, relative

humidity and predominant wind directions.

4.3.3 IMPACT ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Industry operation involves receipt, storage and distribution of petroleum products only.

No Manufacturing is involved and hence, no significant emissions will be there from the

proposed expansion project except DG sets, which are used during power failure only.

The adequate height of stacks and acoustic enclosure will be provided to DG sets as per

guidelines of CPCB to facilitate the dispersion of flue gases into the atmosphere.

4.3.4 IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES

The total water requirement will be about 9.42 KLD after expansion. The water

requirement is being met from the SIDCO Industrial Estate, Vazhavanthankottai, Trichy.




85

4.3.5 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY

No effluent shall be generated because no industrial process is involved, as it is a receipt,

storage and dispatch of petroleum products terminal.

Sewage will be treated using Sewage Treatment Plant and the treated water will be reused

for gardening. Oily wastewater from the washing of the facilities will be treated in the Oil

Water Separator (OWS). Oil water separator shall be in place and to be connected to tank-

farm, TLF Gantry and Pumphouse. No wastewater will be discharged outside the premises.

4.3.6 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS

During the operational phase, the noise is generated due to various equipments viz. pumps,

DG sets, etc. Besides, road traffic will also contribute to the noise levels in the area.

The monitored noise level in the vicinity of the terminal boundary shall be 51.4 dB (A)

during daytime and 46.4 dB (A) during night time against National Ambient Noise

Standards of 75 dB (A) for the day and 70 dB (A) for the night for the industrial zone.

The noise level in the nearby residential localities was less than the industrial areas, as

monitored during the study. However, due to the increased vehicular movement for

loading and unloading during the operational phase of the proposed expansion, there

might be some increase in the background noise levels. It may be further noted that these

predicted noise levels did not account for any constructional hindrances in the way of these

noise generating sources.

4.3.7 IMPACT ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY

A common apprehension of setting up a project or an industrial terminal at any place is the

adverse impact on the wildlife and the ecologically sensitive areas. Pertaining to the

aforesaid project, extensive observations made so far have not revealed the existence of

any endangered flora and fauna in the immediate surrounding of the project site and in a

study area of 10 km radius. Hence, the possibility of adverse impact on the prevailing

ecological environment was negligible.

4.3.8 IMPACT ON AQUATIC ECOLOGY

In view of zero discharge condition, no impact on aquatic ecology is anticipated due to the

proposed expansion project.




86

4.3.9 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS

The impact of proposed expansion project on the human settlement will be varied but not

significant. The proposed project site falls in vacant space available in the site at SIDCO

Industrial Estate. No homestead oustees are involved. Hence, there will be no rehabilitation

or resettlement. The project study area is going through urbanization and industrialization

with small and medium scale industries, which has impacted on the growth of urban

population.

The proposed addition of storage tanks will generate direct and indirect employment

opportunities during the operation phase. This will be a moderately positive impact on the

economic condition in the surrounding.

4.4 SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

The summary of anticipated adverse environmental impacts and mitigation measures are

given in Table 4.1.




87

Table 4-1 ANTICIPATED ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

Discipline Potential Negative

Impacts Probable Source Mitigative Measures Remarks

Constructional Phase Ambient Air

Quality

Minor impact at

construction site

premises. No negative

impact outside site.

Dust emissions from

excavation, air

emissions from

machinery and other

construction activities

at the site.

Dust reduction measures such

as

Water sprinkling.

Periodic maintenance of

construction equipments.

Use of Personal Protective

Equipments.

Impacts are temporary

during the construction

phase. Impacts will be

confined to short distances,

as coarse particles will be

settled within the short

distance from activities.

Noise

Environment

Minor impact near

noise generation

sources inside

premises.

No significant Impact

on ambient noise

levels in the

surrounding area.

Noise generated from

Construction activities

and operation of

construction

equipments and DG

sets.

Use of well-maintained

equipments.

Use of earmuffs/earplugs

by construction workers in

high noise areas.

Temporary Impacts

during the construction

phase.

No other high noise

activities envisaged.

Terrestrial Ecology

Proposed land for installation of additional storage does not contain any vegetation Land.

Construction activity Plantation will be done wherever feasible

-

Socioeconomics Inside the Existing terminal at SIDCO

- - No additional land will be acquired for the proposed




88

Industrial estate. No negative impact

Expansion project.

Operational Phase Water Quality Domestic wastewater will

be generated Discharge from various domestic units

The quantity of sewage which is

generated is treated in STP

within project premises.

Stormwater management will

be followed.

-

Air Quality Minor negative impact

Particulate and

gaseous emissions

from vehicle

movement.

Particulate and

gaseous emissions

from DG sets.

Fugitive Emissions of

hydrocarbon vapors

from loading

gantries, storage

tanks and pumps etc.

Proper maintenance of

internal roads, Green Belt

Development on the

periphery and open areas.

Adequate stack height will be

maintained.

Hydrocarbon detectors have

been provided at strategic

locations of the terminal.

-

Solid waste Hazardous waste Tank bottom sludge during cleaning operation once in every 5 years.

It will be treated through Bioremediation technique.

Solid Waste will be disposed of as per norms.

Terrestrial Ecology

Impact on plant species Emissions from DG sets

Emission will be controlled as well as dispersed through

As emissions will be within limits, no active injury to the vegetation is




89

appropriate design envisaged Aquatic Ecology - - - Zero discharge concept is

envisaged. Noise Environment

Increase in noise levels in the plant area

Pumping stations in the facility

Equipment will be designed to conform to noise levels prescribed by regulatory agencies. Existing greenbelt would further help in attenuating noise

-

Demography and Socioeconomics

- Influx of people due to proposed expansion

Mostly local manpower is proposed to be deployed. Hence no significant impact is envisaged.

-


CHAPTER 5 - ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS

90

5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

The consideration of technological alternatives for construction of proposed new

storage tanks for HSD & Bio-Diesel Tank at IOCL Trichy Terminal. It is one of the more

proactive sides of environmental assessment - enhancing the project through examining

options instead of only focusing on the more defensive task of reducing adverse impacts

of a single option of the project. This requires the systematic comparison of feasible

alternatives for technology and operational alternatives. Alternatives are compared in

terms of their potential environmental impacts, capital and recurrent costs, suitability

under local conditions, etc.

The examining alternative means of carrying out a project involves answering the

following three questions:

(i) What are the alternatives?

(ii) What are the environmental impacts associated with each alternative?

(iii) What is the rationale for selecting the preferred alternative?

5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITE

For the construction of proposed new storage tanks for HSD and Bio-diesel tank, no

alternative site has been considered, as enough space is available within the existing

premises. In which, all infrastructure facilities and availability of water already exist.

5.3 ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGY

The proposed project site will only deal with receipt, storage and distribution of

petroleum product (viz. MS, HSD, SKO, Ethanol and Biodiesel). Thus from

technology/process point of view, there is no scope of consideration for alternatives

5.4 ALTERNATIVE FOR CONTROL OF POLLUTION

The existing IOCL Trichy Terminal is operating after obtaining of Consent to Operate

from Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board. Necessary pollution control measures for air

pollution, wastewater generation, solid waste management and noise control measures

have already taken at the existing terminal, which will be maintained after the

construction of proposed new storage tanks. An STP of 10 KLD will be constructed in

the terminal for the treatment of wastewater.


CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

91

6 Environmental Monitoring Plan

6.1 INTRODUCTION

A regular monitoring program for the environmental parameters is essential to take

account the changes in the environment due to the construction of proposed new storage

tanks for Ethanol & Bio-diesel tank at IOCL Trichy Terminal. To ensure the effective

implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan during

the operation phase of new storage tanks within existing IOCL Terminal, it is essential

that an effective environmental monitoring plan is designed and followed during

operation phases.

The objectives of the environmental monitoring plan for proposed new storage tanks at

IOCL Trichy Terminal are:

To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regards

to the additional tankages.

To follow the trend of concentration values of the parameters which have

been identified as critical

To check or assess the efficiency of the mitigation measures

To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact

assessment study, do not become critical through proposed new storage tanks

at IOCL Trichy Terminal.

The environmental monitoring is the primary tool for assessing the prevailing quality of air,

water, noise, land etc. The environmental monitoring helps in suggesting and taking corrective

course corrections, if monitored parameters are exceeding. The monitoring of various

environmental parameters for ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, and soil quality will

be carried out on a regular basis at and around the existing terminal to ascertain the following:

Pollution caused due to construction of additional tanks with existing IOCL terminal.

Change in environmental quality within and outside the existing terminal of IOCL

To assess environmental impacts after operation of existing terminal.

Evaluate the efficiency of pollution control systems installed.

The environmental monitoring shall be periodic and comply with the promulgated standards. The

frequency of monitoring of various environmental components and frequency to be monitored is

given in Table 6.1.



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6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SCHEDULES

To check the efficacy of the adopted mitigation measures and environmental Management plan,

post-project monitoring is carried out for various environmental parameters. In case, the

monitored results of the environmental parameter are found to exceed the allowable/stipulated

values, the Environmental Management Cell suggests remedial actions and gets these suggestions

implemented through the concerned personnel.

6.2.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (AAQ) MONITORING

Ambient air quality parameters suggested during the operation phase of the proposed

new storage tanks within existing terminal at Trichy are Particulate Matter (PM2.5),

Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon

Monoxide (CO), HC and VOC. These are to be monitored at designated locations starting

from the commencement of construction activities. Data should be generated 24 hourly

during operation phase at identified locations in accordance with the National Ambient

Air Quantity Standards. During operation phase, there will not be any major source of air

emissions except DG sets and vehicular emissions from existing terminal. Six monthly

ambient air quality monitoring should be carried out at boundaries of the terminal of

IOCL for Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2),

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), HC and VOC. Six monthly monitoring

should be done for total Hydrocarbons in storage area within existing terminal of IOCL.

6.2.2 WATER QUALITY MONITORING

At the additional storage area/tank within existing terminal, there will not be any source

for ground and surface water contamination during construction and operation phases.

However, groundwater sampling and analysis can be carried out at the terminal of IOCL

during the operation phase. The location, duration and pollution parameters to be

monitored and necessary institutional arrangements are detailed in the environmental

monitoring plan. The monitoring of the groundwater quality will be carried out at one

location in accordance to Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500 for

relevant parameters as directed by Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB).



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6.2.3 NOISE LEVELS MONITORING

During operation of the terminal, the noise will be generated due to filling gantries, DG

sets operation, vehicles/truck movement. The measurement of noise levels would be

carried out at suggested locations in accordance with the Ambient Noise Standards

formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Noise

levels would be monitored on twenty-four hourly basis. Noise measurements should be

recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a slow time response mode of the measuring

instrument. The noise measurement location and duration are detailed in the

environmental monitoring plan.

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

Environmental monitoring plan for operation phases of IOCL terminal of IOCL

including proposed new storage tanks are given in Table 6.1.



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Table 6-1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for IOCL Trichy Terminal

Environmental Component

Project stage

Parameter Standards Location Duration / Frequency

Implementation Supervision

Ambient Air Operation Phase

HC and VOC -- TerminalLoadingFacilities

Tank Farm area

Six Monthly Environmental Cell of IOCL or MoEF&CC / NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO & HC on Boundary of Terminal

National Ambient Quality Standards

At boundary wall in upwind and downwind direction at boundary of Terminal

Continuous 24-hourly once in a month during operation phase

IOCL through MoEF&CC / NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Water Quality Operation Phase

As per IS: 10500 for relevant parameters in consultation with TNPCB

As Water quality standards (IS 10500)

Petroleum Products Storage and filling gantry facilities

Once in a year IOCL through MoEF&CC/ TNPCB/NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Noise Measurements

Operation Phase

Noise Level in dB (A)

As per National Noise standards

At the Terminal Terminal

LoadingFacilities

Truck ParkingArea

24-hourly measurement, once quarterly during the operation phase

IOCL through MoEF&CC /TNPCB/ NABL approved monitoring agency

IOCL

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.



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6.4 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF IOCL

In order to implement the proposed environmental management program efficiently

within the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid-

course corrections/actions, if required based on the environmental monitoring results,

management intends to establish environmental cell for successful implementation. The

roles & responsibilities are clearly defined among the personnel within the

environmental cell.

All the persons working inside the plant premises are mandatorily required to wear

protective devices such as safety shoes and safety helmets in order to protect them

from fatal injuries. Safety Week is celebrated every year to create awareness among

persons in order to develop a good culture. To monitor the health of people working in

a plant a doctor has also appointed who visits the plant all days a week and free check-

ups are carried out for all the persons in the plant.

Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL is shown in Figure 6.1.

6

Figure 6-1 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL



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6.5 STATUTORY RETURNS AND COMPLIANCE REPORTS

Submission of half yearly compliance report in respect of the stipulated

environmental clearance terms and conditions in hard and soft copies to the

regulatory authority concerned, on 1st June and 1st December of each

calendar year will be followed after obtaining the proposed EC.

Submission of environmental statement for the financial year ending 31st

March to the concerned Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board on or before 30th

September every year.

Submission of Water Cess returns in Form 1 as per Rule 4 (1) of Water

(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978 on or before the 5th of

every calendar month.


CHAPTER 7 – ADDITIONAL DETAILS

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7 ADDITIONAL DETAILS

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY

Since the plant is having Hazardous chemical inventory exceeding threshold quantity as

per MSIHC Rule-1989, amendment 2000. Quantitative Risk Analysis and Disaster

Management Plan report have been prepared and updated regularly. Same shall be

reviewed and updated with the augmented facility. ERDMP report has also been

prepared and shall be in compliance with PNGRB regulations-2010.

The Risk Analysis study conducted at M/s IOCL includes a description of the process,

screening of dangerous goods, qualitative assessment and where required, subsequent

quantitative risk assessment carried out.

7.1.1 Hazards at POL Terminal

Hazard is defined as a chemical or physical condition that has the potential for causing

damage to people, property or the environment. Hazard identification is the first step in

the risk analysis and entails the process of collecting information on:

The types and quantities of hazardous substances stored, handled and disposed

in the location;

The location of storage tanks & other facilities.

Potential hazards associated with the spillage and release.

The starting point of the risk analysis study is the identification of hazards and selection

of scenarios that are then addressed for further analysis.

It is essential to have comprehensive information on the petroleum products handled

by POL Terminal of IOCL at Trichy. An understanding of their physico-chemical

properties of petroleum products is also essential for hazard identification. Being a

Petroleum Oil Terminal, operation involves receipt by pipeline, storage and dispatching

through tank trucks of the hydrocarbons, mainly, Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO), High

Speed Diesel (HSD), Motor spirit (MS), Biodiesel and Ethanol.

7.2 Hazards Associated With Petroleum Products

7.2.1 Superior Kerosene Oil

Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO) is low viscosity liquid, with characteristic odour. Superior

kerosene oil is flammable and explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed above

37°C.



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Kerosene is distillate fractions of crude oil in the boiling range of 150-250°C. They are

treated mainly for reducing aromatic content to improve their smoke point (height of a

smokeless flame) and hydro fining to reduce sulphur content and to improve odour,

colour & burning qualities (char value).

Kerosene is used as a domestic fuel for heating/lighting. Since kerosene is less volatile

than motor spirit, increase in its evaporation rate in domestic burners is achieved by

increasing surface area of the oil to be burned and by increasing its temperature

Physical properties of Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO) are as given below:

Boiling point :150-300°C

Melting point :-20°C

Relative density(water = 1) :0.8

Solubility in water :none

Relative vapour density (air = 1) : 4.5

Flash point :37-65°C

Auto-ignition temperature :220°C

Explosive limits, vol % in air :0.7-5

7.2.2 Hazards Associated with High Speed Diesel

High Speed Diesel is a mixture of straight run product (150 °C and 350 °C) with varying

amount of selected cracked distillates and is composed of saturated hydrocarbons

(primarily paraffins including n, iso, and cycloparaffins), and aromatic hydrocarbons

(including napthalenes and alkylbenzenes). It’s exact composition depends on the

source of crude oil from which it is produced and the refining methods used.

Physical properties of high speed diesel are as given below:

Boiling point/Range : 215 – 376 oC

Physical state : Liquid

Appearance : yellowish brown

Vapour pressure : 2.12 to 26mm Hg at 21oC

Odour : Perceptible odour

Solubility in water @ 30 deg.C : Insoluble

Specific gravity : 0.86 - 0.90 at 20oC

Pour Point : 6 - 18 C



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Flammability : Yes

LEL : 0.6%

UEL : 6%

Flash point (deg C) : 32 (oC)

TDG Flammability : Class 3

Auto Ignition Temp : 225 oC

HSD presents a moderate fire hazard. On heating, it can cause pressure rise with risk of

bursting and subsequent explosion. It also forms explosive mixture with air particularly

in an empty container.

Hazards Associated with Motor Spirit (MS)

Motor spirit is a complex blend of petroleum-derived normal and branched-chain

alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, and aromatic hydrocarbons. It contains antioxidant and

multifunctional additives. It is orange to bronze in appearance, liquid with perceptible

odor, immiscible with water, lighter than water.

Motor spirit presents an extreme fire hazard. It evaporates very quickly, even at low

temperatures and forms vapour which can catch fire and burn with explosive violence.

Its invisible vapours are heavier than air and spread along the ground (that is why it is

more susceptible to meet an ignition source). It can be set on fire by many sources such

as pilot lights, welding equipments and spark from electrical motors and switches. On

heating it can cause pressure rise with risk of bursting and subsequent explosion.

Specific Gravity : 0.72 (Range)

Boiling Point : 25° C to 225° C (Variable with season and Location)

Flash Point : 45° C

Auto Ignition Temp : 280° C to 429° C

Vapor Pressure : 0.35 – 1.05 Kgf/cm² (Max.) @ 37° C

Vapor Density : 3 to 4 (Range) (Air = 1)

Percent Volatile : 99+

Flammability Limits : Lower (LEL) = 1.4%; Upper (UEL) = 7.4%

Category : Class A (Flash Point <23° C)



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Reactivity : On exposure to thermal energy & light, it is stable.

Incompatibility with strong oxidizers. Normal Combustion forms CO2 & water.

Incomplete combustion can produce Carbon Monoxide.

7.2.3 Ethanol

Fuel grade ethanol is used for Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP). It is essentially ethyl

alcohol. It is highly volatile, flammable and miscible in water. Pure ethanol has a

flash point of 16.6 oC and varies with dilution in water. There is hence a danger of

flammable mixtures of ethanol and air almost through the year. However, since the

quantities stored is relatively lower than MS, SKO or HSD and the fact that it is

stored in underground tanks, lowers the risks.

Ethanol is colourless flammable clear liquid with mild pleasant odour. Physical

properties of Ethanol are given below:

Molecular Weight : 46.04 g/mole

Boiling Point

Melting Point

Specific Gravity

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Density

Solubility

Auto-Ignition Temperature

Flash Points

Flammable Limits

: 78°C

: -114.1°C

: 0.790 (Water = 1)

: 59.33 mm of Hg (@ 20°C)

: 1.59 (Air = 1)

: Easily soluble in cold water.

: 363°C

: Closed Cup: 16.60°C Open Cup: 61.88°C

: Lower: 3.3% Upper: 19.0 %

Ethanol is flammable liquid with a flash point of 16.6oC. In Ethanol storage area ignition

source like heat, sparks and flame should not be allowed. For small fires, dry chemical

powder /carbon dioxide type extinguishers should be used, while for large fire alcohol-

resistant foam should be used.

7.3 Hazardous Conditions

An accidental release of petroleum product from tanks or pipeline/piping would result

in formation of fixed or spreading pool. In case of immediate ignition a pool fire will



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result. Delayed ignition may result in explosion or flash fire, if quantity of explosive

mass is sufficient and some confinement is present.

7.3.1 Pool Fire

A leak or spill of sufficient quantities of petroleum product will result in an

accumulation of petroleum product on the ground. If ignited, the resulting fire is known

as spreading or fixed pool fire. In case any object comes in contact with the flame above

the pool, it will be severely damaged or destroyed and personnel exposed to flame will

suffer extensive burn injuries. Objects and personnel outside the actual flame volume

may also be affected or injured by radiant heat. The extent of damage or injury depends

on the heat flux and duration of fire and exposure. If a large area of the body receives

second and third degree burns, it can result in fatalities.

The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure. The

extent of damage to personnel and property depends on the size of the pool and the

duration of fire.

Thermal Effects

In case of fire, thermal effect is likely to cause injury or damage to people and objects. A

substantial body of experimental data exists and forms the basis for thermal effect

estimation. The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:

Radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];

Exposure duration [sec];

Protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).

The following damage distances for thermal radiation have been used:

37.5 kW/m2 : Damage to process equipment. 100% fatality in 1min.

1% fatality in 10sec.

12.5 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 10 sec exposure

4.0 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 30 sec exposure

7.3.2 Jet Fire

If released petroleum products from piping or pipeline are ignited immediately, jet fire

may take place. The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of

exposure to heat.



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7.3.3 Vapour Cloud Explosion/Flash fire

If a released petroleum products is not ignited directly, the vapour cloud will spread

in the surrounding area towards wind direction. The drifting cloud will mix with air.

As long as the vapour concentration is between the lower and upper explosion limits,

the vapour cloud may be set on fire by an ignition source. In case of delayed ignition

of a cloud, two physical effects may occur: a flash fire over the whole length of the

flammable vapour cloud; a vapour cloud explosion which results in blast wave, with

typical peak overpressures circular around the ignition source. For generation of

overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is required.

The extent of injury to people & damage to property or environment depends on the

cloud size, explosive mass in the cloud and the degree of confinement at the time of

ignition.

Delayed Ignition & Explosion: In case of delayed ignition of a natural vapour cloud,

two physical effects may occur:

a flash fire over the whole length of the explosive vapour cloud

a vapour cloud explosion that results in blast wave, with typical peak

overpressures circular around the ignition source. For generation of

overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is

required.

The following Table 7.1 gives damage criteria with respect to the peak

overpressures resulting from a blast wave:

Table 7-1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures

Peak Overpressure Damage Type

0.830 bar Total Destruction

0.350 bar Heavy Damage

0.170 bar Moderate Damage

0.100 bar Minor Damage

The Table 7.2 below gives an illustrative listing of damage effects caused by peak

overpressure.



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Table 7-2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures

Peak Overpressure

(Bar) Failure

0.005 5 % Window Shattering

0.02 50 % Window Shattering

0.07 Collapse of a roof of a tank

0.07-0.14 Connection failure of panelling

0.08-0.1 Minor Damage to Steel Framework

0.15-0.2 Concrete block wall shattered

0.2 Collapse of Steel Framework

0.2-0.3 Collapse of self framing Steel panel building

0.2-0.3 Ripping of empty oil tanks

0.2-0.3 Deformation of a pipe bridge

0.2-0.4 Big trees topple over

0.3 Panelling torn off

0.35-0.4 Piping failure

0.35-0.8 Damage to Distillation Column

0.4-0.85 Collapse of pipe bridge

0.5 Loaded Train Wagon overturned

0.5 Brick walls shattered

0.5-1.0 Movement of round tank, failure of connecting piping

(Source : TNO)

7.4 Consequence Analysis

Detailed risk assessment for POL Terminal of IOCL at Trichy has been carried and

presented as Annexure 6

7.5 Risk Mitigation Measures

Risk is defined as the consequences arising out of an unwanted event in relation to the

probability that such consequences might in fact occur. Risk reduction thus comprises

of two basic steps:

* Reduction of consequences of accidental release



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* Reduction of likelihood of an accidental release

7.5.1 Implementation of Advance Risk Mitigation Measures

At POL Terminal of IOCL at Trichy, following advance risk mitigation measures have

been provided:

* Sprinkler and foam system is being provided around the storage tanks.

* HVLR foam monitor systems are being provided to combat the fire.

7.5.2 POL Storage Tanks

* Tank overfilling followed by immediate or delayed fire is not an infrequent

happening in POL Terminal of IOCL and needs to be guarded against at all costs.

It is therefore desirable to ensure the continued functioning of the

instrumentation such as the two independent level instruments, level alarm for

all class hydrocarbon storage tanks.

* Storage Tanks should be provided with at least two numbers of level instruments

of which one may be local and the other remote, located in the control room or in

the office. In addition, high/low level alarms with the independent primary

sensing device are also recommended.

* Open vents should be provided of goose neck type, covered with a 4 to 8 mesh

screen to discharge the vapours of hydrocarbons from storage tanks,.

* Every petroleum storage tank, including its roof and all metal connections,

should be electrically continuous and be effectively earthed.

* Check list for operators for checking safety system and equipment should be

prepared and check records kept in safe custody.

* The critical operating steps should be displayed on the board near the location

where applicable.

* All operational valves must be outside dyke area.

* Dyke should be leak proof.

* High level alarm from the radar gauge and high-high level alarm from a separate

tap off should be provided.

* Piping design inside tank dyke area should ensure easy accessibility for any

operations inside dyke in the tank farm.

* Thermal Safety Valve (TSV) should be provided at the operating manifold

(outside dyke).



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* Tank Dyke Valves should be provided with position indicator (open or close) in

control room and necessary hardware and instrumentation should be provided

for this.

7.5.3 Painting on Storage Tanks

Besides tank numbers, safe filling height, reference height, etc. should be painted on the

tanks to avoid operating errors.

* Tanks numbers should be painted at three positions, 120 degrees apart, below

roof level and should be clearly visible from outside the dyke/roadside.

Recommended size of letters for numbering is 150 mm and 12 mm thick.

* For storage tanks luminous paint should be preferred.

7.5.4 Earthing and Bonding

* Every storage tank, including its roof and all metal connections should be

electrically continuous and be effectively earthed.

* For floating roof tanks, stainless steel shunts should be provided across the

peripheral seals to ensure earthing of floating roof.

* The pontoon, ladder and shell of the floating roof tank shall be continuously

bonded with copper cable and the shell shall be independently earthed. Best

practices of “OISD-RP-110 -Recommended Practices on Static Electricity” for

earthing and bonding at the POL Terminal of IOCL at Trichy should be followed.

7.5.5 Process Safety Management

* A dedicated, qualified and experienced officer should be designated as ‘Safety

Officer’ of the POL Terminal after training. He should be given exposure to

HAZOP, risk assessment, safety audit and upkeep of fire fighting facilities and

conducting safety meetings.

* The Terminal Managers should be trained in hazard identification techniques

and be familiarized with risk assessment and risk mitigation methods.

* Annual Safety Audit by well qualified third party, which should ensure that

systems and procedures and safety back-ups are in place, their requirements are

understood by all concerned and they are properly operated by the concerned

personnel.

* Site specific “Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)” should be developed.



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7.5.6 Management of Change

Management of change procedure should be prepared and implemented.

7.5.7 Accident and Near Miss Reporting System

Near miss reporting system should be followed at the Terminal.

7.5.8 Work Permit System

At the terminal, work permit system for cold work, hot work, working at height,

electrical and confined space entry is being followed.

7.5.9 Detection System

Hydrocarbon (HC) detectors should be installed near all potential leak sources of

class ‘A’ and ‘B’ petroleum products e.g. tank dykes, tank manifolds, pump house

manifolds, etc. Further, Proper HC detectors should be selected and should be

proof tested and maintained in good condition.

7.5.10 Security and Surveillance of POL Terminal

* CCTVs have been installed covering tank farm areas and other critical areas. The

CCTV can nowadays provide with an alarm to provide warning in case of

deviation from any normal situation. The CCTV monitoring station should be

provided both in the control room as well as in the Security cabin/office.

* The security supervisor at the gate should be provided with external telephone.

The supervisor shall be provided with telephone numbers of all officers. A board

displaying the name, address and phone numbers of the emergency contact

points of the company as well as the local authorities shall be provided therein.

* Adequate lighting in operational areas should be ensured.

* Vehicles with spark ignition engine should not be allowed inside the installation

area except up to the Administrative Block and also to ensure continuous

manning at the control room.

Communication

VHF handsets should be provided to each of the operating crew.

Accident and Near Miss Reporting System

Near miss reporting system should be followed at the Terminal.



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7.5.11 Work Permit System

At the terminal, work permit system for cold work, hot work, working at height,

electrical and confined space entry is being followed.

7.5.12 Detection System

Hydrocarbon (HC) detectors should be installed near all potential leak sources of class

‘A’ and ‘B’ petroleum products e.g. tank dykes, tank manifolds, pump house manifolds,

etc. Further, Proper HC detectors should be selected and should be proof tested and

maintained in good condition.

7.5.13 Security and Surveillance of POL Terminal

* CCTVs have been installed covering tank farm areas and other critical

areas. The CCTV can nowadays provide with an alarm to provide warning

in case of deviation from any normal situation. The CCTV monitoring

station should be provided both in the control room as well as in the

Security cabin/office.

* The security supervisor at the gate should be provided with external

telephone. The supervisor shall be provided with telephone numbers of

all officers. A board displaying the name, address and phone numbers of

the emergency contact points of the company as well as the local

authorities shall be provided therein.

* Adequate lighting in operational areas should be ensured.

* Vehicles with spark ignition engine should not be allowed inside the

installation area except up to the Administrative Block and also to ensure

continuous manning at the control room.

Communication

VHF handsets should be provided to each of the operating crew.

7.5.14 Safety Audit and Inspection

Routine inspection should be carried out in line with applicable rules, regulations and

OISD Standards for tank farm area, piping and loading gantries in the terminal. Any gap

or noncompliance should be implemented on priority in time bounded manner.

Regular inspection of piping including thickness survey and pipeline support systems

shall be carried out and records maintained.



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7.5.15 Fire Fighting Facilities

Medium expansion foam generators shall be provided to arrest vapour cloud formation

from spilled volatile hydrocarbons.

The firefighting facilities available at the POL Terminal should be in accordance of OISD

Standard - 117 on "Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots/ Terminals and

Terminals"

The fire water requirement for POL Terminal shall be based on two fire contingencies

simultaneously as is the case in Refineries. The fire water storage, therefore, shall be

reviewed accordingly. Water storage requirements should also keep in mind whether

adequate supplies are available if not, the storage should be increased appropriately.

Auto start of the fire water pumps may be linked with the Hydro Carbon leak detection

and alarm system in order to start the sprinkler system automatically especially in tank

farm area and pump house.

The Rim Seal fire detection and protection system should be installed in all Class ‘A’

products in the terminal.

Remote operated long range foam monitors (1000 GPM and above) to fight tank fires

shall be provided which should be of variable flow.

All POL Terminal operating personnel should be given safety and simulated fire fighting

training based on simulated modules of live fires in tanks, pipeline manifold and pumps,

etc., in reputed training institutes equipped with these facilities. Personnel from

security services should be trained fully in fire fighting and rescue operations using

Personal Protective Equipment.

During all operations even after the general shift a dedicated fire fighting team should

be present.

There should be a minimum level of manning maintained apart from the security

personnel for monitoring the facilities even during nonoperational hours.

Flame-proof torches should be made available to inspect and keep vigil in the tank farm

areas during night.

Fire Fighting System should be tested periodically for proper functioning and logged for

records and corrective actions.

Every fire-water pump should be tested run for at least half an hour two times a week.

All hydrants, monitors and valves should visually inspect every month.



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Fire hoses should be hydraulically tested at least once in six months to a minimum

pressure of 7 kg/cm2.

7.5.16 Manifolds

For safety considerations, it is desirable to keep the number of inlet/outlet connections

to the tanks should be minimum. This reduces the number of flanges/valves close to the

tanks. For more number of lines, it is desirable to take a single header and form as

manifold away from the tank. The floor underneath should be paved, have curbed walls

and connected to the drainage system.

7.5.17 Loading Gantries

It is desirable to consider fire proof remote operated shut off valves for loading headers

so that gantry headers can be isolated in case of emergency.

7.5.18 Integrity of Tanks and Piping

The integrity of the tanks and pipings during its lifetime needs to be maintained by

means of condition monitoring. The condition-monitoring programme should be

defined on the basis of the anticipated degradation of equipment, tanks, piping, etc.

7.5.19 Personal Protective Equipment

* Personal protective equipment such as safety glasses must be worn while

carrying out all operations

* All other PPEs should be available at location and easily identified.

* All PPEs as well as safety equipment required for emergency use such as

breathing apparatus, fire suit, fire extinguishers, monitors and sprinklers should

be regularly tested in presence of safety officers and records maintained.

* All PPEs required during emergency shall be located in designated safe areas.

7.5.20 Preventive and Predictive Maintenance

Predictive and preventive maintenance practices significantly help in minimizing the

likelihood of an accidental release. Therefore, predictive and preventive maintenance

schedule should be prepared and followed.

7.5.21 Compliance to the Statutory Regulations

POL Terminals of IOCL at Trichy is major accident hazard (MAH) installation under

Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rule, 2000. Hence,

safety audit should be conducted every year.



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7.5.22 Training and Competence Criteria

There should be provision for periodic training programmes for concern IOCL and

contractual personnel engaged in POL handling operations. IOCL may establish

competence criteria for contractual workers for allowing working in tank farm, piping,

gantries, etc.

Training for Safety is currently based on OISD 154 for all categories. Safety training for

operators should be based on the needs of the operation, the procedures and why

these are needed. Fire training will always be an important part of his training, which is

best provided by realistic firefighting exercises in an area designated for this purpose.

Training should also be given to prevent operational malpractices such as shortcuts, on

safety provision being bypassed and how they can create unmanageable risks to life

and property. Training should be based on the needs of the job, and relevant to the

trainee.

For Supervisors, intimate knowledge of the operator’s job is essential and this should

be ensured. In addition Leadership Training should be provided on Manpower

management and motivation, and also on Communication which should enable them to

give proper task instructions to the operators.

All Terminal operating personnel, including regular contractors and security personnel

should be given safety and firefighting training with the help of reputed training

institutes. The security staff should be trained as first responders for firefighting and

rescue operations along with plant operating personnel.

For Terminals Managers, safety training may include following modules

- Basics of Safety Management System

- The causes and effects of accidents

- Hazard identification

- Risk Assessment and risk mitigation

- Controlling risks and Preventing Accidents

- Emergency preparedness

- Critical Task Analysis

- Crisis Management

- Importance of trip/alarm and Safety Procedures and systems

- Learnings from case histories



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Training activities should include safety training for contract employees since a

number of activities have been outsourced.

7.5.23 Check for Tank Trucks

Before entering the truck tankers engaged in the transportation of petroleum products,

following documents should be strictly checked on the main gate and trucks having

following documents should allowed to enter into plant premises:

Registration certificate for transportation of petroleum products

Driver license to drive vehicles carrying petroleum products

Authorized license to carry the petroleum products.

Fitness Certificate

Valid National permit

TREM Card

Insurance papers

Spark arrester with the exhaust

Restricted item such as match box, cigarette, bidi, etc.

7.5.24 Emergency Response Plan

Anticipating and planning for various contingencies is crucial for ensuring the success

of any emergency response actions in an actual Emergency Situation. Hence, periodic

review of an Emergency Response Plan for terminal is, therefore, essential. Emergency

Response Plan should also be updated based on finding of mock drill.

Emergency procedures should be written in local language and available to all

personnel in the installation outlining the actions to be taken by each during a major

incident.

An emergency kit shall be provided consisting of safety items viz. fire suites, various

leak plugging gadgets, oil dispersants and oil absorbents, lifting jacks (for rescue of

trapped workers), high intensity intrinsically safe search lights for hazardous area, etc.

and shall be readily available at the terminal.

7.5.25 Mock Drill Exercises

Mock drill whenever conducted should include the full shut down system activation

also. Shift manning should always be maintained. The person leaving site should only

be allowed on a valid gate pass issued by the immediate officer.



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A system should exist for informing neighbouring industries about impending danger.

The company should approach and coordinate with the district authority for

conducting “Off Sites Mock Drills".

Mock drill should be conducted once in six months. Exercises or drills have two basic

functions, namely training and testing. While exercises do provide an effective means

of training in response procedures, their primary purpose is to test the adequacy of the

emergency management system and to ensure that all response elements are fully

capable of managing a likely emergency situation.

Mock drills are best means of accomplishing the following goals and objectives:

To reveal weaknesses in the plans and procedures before emergencies

occur.

To identify deficiencies in resources (both in manpower and equipment).

To improve the level of co-ordination among various response personnel,

departments and agencies.

To clarify each individual’s role and areas of responsibility.

7.6 Disaster Management Plan

Approved Emergency Response and Disaster Management Plan for POL Terminal of

IOCL at Trichy is available.

7.7 PUBLIC HEARING

The project site is located at Vazhavanthankottai SIDCO Women’s Industrial Estate.

Hence, Public Hearing is not applicable for this proposed project.


CHAPTER 8 – PROJECT BENEFITS

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8 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

The project will improve supply position of the Petroleum products in Tamilnadu,

which is vital for economic growth as well as improving the quality of life. The improved

petroleum supply will have strong logistical support for delivering the products to

customers at better quality and better price. Availability of product in the vicinity of

demand location will reduced price and delivery distance by tankers which in turn will

reduce trucks on the road reducing the vehicular load on the already strained public

roads, thereby reducing the noise pollution as well as air pollution at local levels and

also reduced the probability of accidents on the roads due to less movement of tank

trucks. Establishment of large developmental projects improves the availability of the

physical infrastructures like approach roads, drainage, communication and

transportation facilities etc.

8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

IOCL Trichy Terminal shall take up some community welfare activities under Corporate

Social Responsibility and also improve the social infrastructures like education and

healthcare system etc. to the near by villages.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The project shall provide indirect employment potential under unskilled, semi-

skilled and skilled categories. The employment potential shall increase with the

start of construction activities, reach a peak during the construction phase and

then reduce with the completion of construction activities. During operation phase also,

there will be indirect employment will be engaged in transportation, delivery and

other support services. Opportunities, mainly in the service sector, although its

magnitude will be much less. The direct employment opportunities with IOCL are

extremely limited and the opportunities exist mainly with the contractors and

sub-contractors. These agencies will be persuaded to provide the jobs to local persons

on a preferential basis wherever feasible.


CHAPTER 9 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

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9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 INTRODUCTION

Environment Management Plan (EMP) for construction and operation phase is

required to ensure that mitigation of adverse impacts and strengthening of

positive impact resulting from the operation of existing IOCL terminal and also due to

the proposed new storage tanks at IOCL terminal. The objective of EMP is to identify

the project-specific environmental actions that will need to be undertaken, not only to

mitigate impacts but also improve environmental aesthetics of the IOCL terminal.

Environmental protection and improvement measures must be taken at the design stage

itself so as to minimize impacts during construction & operation phase of expansion

facilities. The impacts during the construction phase on the environment would be

basically of transient nature and are expected to reduce gradually on completion of the

construction activities.

The Environment Management Plan (EMP) during the construction and operation

phase endeavors to mitigate the adverse impacts and to encourage the positive benefits.

9.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

9.2.1 SOIL

During construction and operation phases of the additional tanks, necessary mitigation

measures will be taken to protect soil from contamination.

All the construction debris, metal cuttings and other construction wastes will be collected

and disposed of suitably as soon as construction is over.

Adequate size dyke is provided for the existing tanks and will be provided around the

new tanks for contaminant of POL terminal in the unlikely event of leakage of tanks.

State-of-the-art Oil Water Separation (OWS) system will be provided at the installation

to remove the oil fraction from the runoff from dyke area and only oil-free

water will be discharged in environmentally sound manner.

9.2.2 WATER QUALITY

The proposed new storage tanks at IOCL Trichy terminal will not generate any process

effluents. There will be a generation of domestic wastewater in small quantity by

construction labourers at the site during the construction phase. This impact will be

temporary in nature and restricted to the construction site only. Proper sanitation



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facilities will be provided to construction labourers at the site during the construction

phase.

Domestic wastewater/sewage will be increased during operational phase of the proposed

expansion, which will be treated in a properly designed STP. Oily water is collected in

OWS and is passed through oil and grease trap. Only oil-free water is discharged in an

environmentally sound manner for green belt development.

During the operation phase, all storage tanks will be closed circuit and as such, no process

effluent would be generated. However, very small amount of water, mixed with oil will be

generated from storage tank farm (dyke) containing traces of oil during rains and pump/

valve leakage. This wastewater will be collected in a sump tank and periodically

transferred to Oil Water Separator (OWS). The oil from OWS shall be disposed of in pit

and oil-free water will be discharged in the drain.

9.2.3 METEOROLOGY

The meteorology of the study area is not likely to be affected during construction and

operation phase of the IOCL Trichy terminal after proposed expansion and therefore,

no management plan will be required.

9.2.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT

During the construction phase, a certain amount of dust and gaseous emissions will be

generated due to vehicular movement and construction equipment at the construction

site of proposed new storage tanks at IOCL Terminal. This will marginally deteriorate the

ambient air quality of the site but the effect will be of temporary nature and will be

diminished once construction work is over. Nonetheless, necessary precautions shall be

adopted to check this problem. For reduction of dust generation at the site, dust

suppression by means of water sprinkling will be followed during the construction phase.

The construction materials bringing vehicles for the proposed construction of new

storage tanks should be covered so that these will not be spilled and emitted on the road.

Some amount of gaseous emissions is also anticipated during the welding of metal sheets

during the fabrication of storage tanks at the site. These emissions will be dispersed into

the atmosphere within the short distance from fabrication activities. Further, welders will

be provided with suitable personnel protective equipment to protect them from the toxic

welding fumes.



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During operation phase, there will not be any continuous source of air emissions from

petroleum product storage tanks. Diesel generator sets will be used in case of power

failure for the operation of equipment, control systems and safety equipment. As the DG

sets are operated for a shorter duration, impact of stack emissions will be minimal.

However, to control excess emissions from DG sets, periodical maintenance schedule

provided by the manufacturer shall be strictly adhered to. A proper operation of DG sets

as per Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) will check generation of excess emissions.

Emissions from DG sets are discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust vent of

7.5 m height.

At existing IOCL Terminal after the construction of new storage tanks, a few fugitive

emissions of hydrocarbon vapours may find its way into the atmosphere through valves,

flanges, joints and the vent of petroleum oil storage tanks. As the wind velocity in that

area is normally high, the emission is expected to disperse into atmosphere soon after it

comes out and the relevant impact on the environment shall be short term.

In the case of accidental release of petroleum oil and especially in the event of it is

catching fire, there would be considered adverse impacts on the ambient air quality due

to evaporation and combustion of petroleum oil. Since the probability of such a release

is very low (as given in Risk Analysis Report separately), the likelihood of environmental

impact out of an accidental release will be with in the ALARP region.

9.2.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

During the construction of the proposed new storage tanks at IOCL Terminal, solid waste

materials, such as excess excavated earth, construction debris and metal chippings will be

generated. These materials shall be cleared from the site and disposed of suitably.

During the operation phase, some municipal waste generated at the terminal will be

collected and disposed of through local bodies. Tank bottom sludge is generated while

cleaning of oil storage tanks. The cleaning of oil storage tanks is done once in five years as

per the practice of Oil Industry. Oily sludge generated will be treated through

bioremediation technique. (Bioremediation is a waste management technique that

involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated

site.)



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9.2.6 NOISE

During the construction phase of proposed new storage tanks at IOCL Trichy Terminal,

noise generation is anticipated during the operation of construction equipment, vehicular

movement, fabrication, erection and commissioning, etc. The mitigation measures for

construction phase are given below:

Rotating equipment used in construction activities will be maintained well and

strictly conform to noise generation standards.

Vehicles and equipment used at the construction site will be fitted with a

silencer and maintained accordingly.

Noise standards for industrial enterprises will be enforced to protect

construction workers from adverse noise impacts.

DG sets are already fitted with acoustic enclosures.

Workers engaged in high noise area have been provided with appropriate ear

muffs/plugs.

The noise level will be monitored during the construction phase as mentioned

in the environmental monitoring plan.

Continuous generation of noise is not expected due to the operation of terminal

after proposed expansion. Equipment specifications and installation of dampers/silencers

for DG sets will ensure that noise level from the operation of DG sets during grid power

failure does not exceed 70 dB (A) at 1 m distance as these are fitted with acoustic

enclosure. Already developed greenbelt around the terminal will further attenuate the

noise levels as a result of the operation of DG sets during a power failure.

9.2.7 LAND USE

The proposed new storage tanks will be located within the existing IOCL Terminal.

Therefore, no fresh land will be required. Hence, no impact is anticipated on land use

pattern of the area and therefore no management plan is required.

9.3 GREENBELT

9.3.1 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY

Tree plantation is known for improving the aesthetic and climatological environment of

an area and properly designed greenbelt can help in ameliorating air pollution to a very



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significant degree. Greenbelt also acts as green lung which greatly helps to improve the

air quality of the area.

9.3.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

The main objective of the greenbelt is to provide a barrier between the sources of

pollution and the surrounding areas. A green belt helps to capture the fugitive emissions

and to attenuate the noise generated at the site apart from improving the aesthetics. This

will also check soil erosion and make the ecosystem more diverse. At the IOCL Trichy

Terminal, greenbelt has been developed on its periphery of about 21.45 Acres (33.3% of

total plot area). Approximately, 1437 Nos. of trees are planted in the Terminal. This is a

positive impact on the ecology of the area.

For the proposed expansion, 13 trees need to be cleared for the installation of above

ground HSD tanks. Compensatory plantation of 52 plants will be planted in the vacant

land within the existing premises.

The plant species have been selected by carefully screening the natural taxa of the area

and choosing those species, which can survive in the typical environmental conditions of

the area. As the soil is coastal alluvial sand and saline, some amount of soil treatment may

need to be undertaken before seeds/saplings are sown. Number of Plantation are given in

Table 9.1. Greenbelt Layout Plan is given as Figure 9.1 and Greenbelt Photographs are

given as Figure 9.2.

Table 9-1 TREE PLANTATIONS AT TERMINAL

S.NO Name of Tree Count S.NO Name of Tree Count

1 Neem 783 7 Peepal 21

2 Guaeva 33 8 Jack Fruit 13

3 Pungan 337 9 Jamun Tree 12

4 Mango 32 10 Poovarasu 29

5 Banyan 19 11 Coconut 23

6 Ashoka 135 Total 1437



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Figure 9-1 Green Belt Area



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Figure 9-2 GREENBELT PHOTOGRAPHS

9.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

There will be an influx of about 20 persons during construction phase. Most of the

unskilled and semi-skilled labour shall be from nearby villages and towns. The workers

will get direct or indirect employment opportunity, which will have positive impact on

the local area. During operation phase, no additional manpower will be required

directly. However, indirectly some employment generation is expected.

The following suggestions are given below to strengthen the beneficial impacts on the

socio-economic conditions:

Local people shall be given preference for employment.

All the applicable guidelines under relevant acts and rules related to labour

welfare and safety shall be implemented during the construction work and

operation activities.



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9.5 RAINWATER HARVESTING AT IOCL TERMINAL

16 Nos. of Rainwater harvesting pits available in the terminal to collect the rainwater from building roofs and is used to recharge the groundwater resource. Additional pits will be constructed during the proposed expansion.

Estimation of Rainwater harvesting potential at the site

Table 9-2 LAND USE BREAK

Land use Area (sq. m) Classification

Constructed area 3,094 Roof Area

Parking Area 6,470

Paved Area Driveway & pathway area 35,291

Process area 38,756

Green belt development area 60,703 Unpaved Area

Open area 37,795

A. RAINWATER AVAILABLE FROM ROOF TOP AREAS

Total roof area 3,094 sq.m

Average annual rainfall 0.84 m

Run off coefficient 0.7

Total Rainwater Harvesting potential 1819.27 cu.m

B. RAINWATER AVAILABLE FROM PAVED AREAS

Total paved area 41,761 sq.m



Total Rainwater Harvesting potential 21047.54 cu.m

C. RAINWATER AVAILABLE FROM UNPAVED AREA

Total unpaved area 98,498 sq.m



Total Rainwater Harvesting potential 16,547.66 cu.m



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(Run off Coefficient is considered based on the CPWD’s manual on Rainwater

Harvesting and Conservation Manual)

The total rainwater harvesting potential in the site is A + B + C i.e. 39,414.41 cu.m

per annum or 875.87 cu.m per day (considering 45 rainy days in a year).

Average volume of rainfall to be

harvested from roof top area in a day - 224.29 cu.m

Storage volume per RWH structure

of 1.5m x 1.5m (LB) and 5m depth is - 11.25 cu.m

No. of RWH structures required – 224.29 / 11.25 - 20 Nos.

9.6

9.7

9.8

9.9

9.10

9.11

Figure 9-3 RAINWATER HARVESTING PITS PHOTOGRAPHS



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9.6 STROM WATER DRAINAGE

The Rain water runoff from the Paved and Unpaved area will be collected through

Storm Water drains, the water will be directed to Oil Water Separator Sump (OWS) and

the treated water will be stored in Storm water storage tank for further usage.

Figure 9-4 STROM WATER DRAINAGE PHOTOGRAPHS

9.7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR LEAKAGES AND ACCIDENT

Preventive measures for leakages and accident at IOCL Terminal are given below:

Hydrocarbon (HC) detectors have been provided near all potential leak sources

of class ‘A’ and ‘B’ petroleum products e.g. tank dykes, tank manifolds, pump

house manifolds, etc.

Dykes have been provided to full containment in case any leak from storage

tanks.

Generally, there is no leakage from valves, flanges, pumps etc as SOP is followed

and periodic preventive maintenance is carried out.

Emergency shutdown (ESD) system is in place for immediately stopping,

pumping and loading operations.

Any leak from piping, valves, flanges, pumps shall be collected immediately.



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Fire Hydrant system and foam system have been provided covering entire

Terminal.

Figure 9-5 Preventive measures EQUIPMENTS for leakages and accident

9.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM FOR EMPLOYEES & OTHER LABOURS

IOCL at Terminal follow occupational health surveillance program for employees &

other labour as per details are given below:

Regular health check-ups are carried out for the workers including contract and

casual workers at the IOCL terminal.

Personnel protective equipment has been provided to all workers.

Onsite Induction and refreshers training are conducted for workers to enhance

safety.

Medical checkup under “Fit for Road campaign “program is conducted every year

for TT Crew based on their age profile. A medical check-up is conducted for all

Contract employees and security staff every year irrespective of their age.

Testing of Blood Pressure and counseling on health are given to Employees, TT

Crew, Security Staff and contract workmen by Designated Physician.



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Figure 9-6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM

Safety, Health & Environmental Policy of IOCL

IOCL is committed to conduct business with strong environment conscience ensuring

sustainable development, safe workplaces and enrichment of quality of life of

employees, customers and the community. IOCL believes that good SH&E performance

is an integral part of efficient and profitable business management. Health, Safety &

Environmental Policy of IOCL is shown in Figure 9.2.



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Figure 9-7 Health, Safety & Environmental Policy of IOCL

Accordingly, the IOCL's endeavor is to:

Establish and maintain good standards for safety of the people, the processes and the

assets.

Comply with all rules and regulations on Safety, Occupational Health and Protection.

Plan, design, operate and maintain all facilities, processes and procedures to secure

sustained Safety, Health and Environmental Protection.

Remain trained, equipped and ready for effective and prompt response to accidents

and emergencies.

Welcome audit of our SH&E conduct by external body, so that stakeholder

confidence is safeguarded.

Adopt and promote industry best practices to avert accidents and improve our S, H &

E performance.

Remain committed to be a leader in Safety, Occupational Health and Environmental

Protection through continuing improvement.

Make efforts to preserve ecological balance and heritage.



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9.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

Existing IOCL Terminal has Safety and Environmental Protection (S&EP) cell at the

corporate level to take care of any environmental issue at its Terminal. It is suggested

that IOCL should designate one of its official for implementation of EMP during the

construction of proposed storage tanks. This official is responsible for day-to-day

environmental affairs including implementing a monitoring programme.

9.10 ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING

To achieve the objective of pollution control, it is essential not only to provide best

pollution control system but also to provide trained manpower resources to operate the

same. The regular in-house training programme should cover the following:

Awareness of pollution control, Firefighting and environmental protection.

Knowledge of norms, regulations and procedures.

Occupational health and safety at IOCL Terminal.

9.11 REPORTING AND MONITORING SYSTEM

Proper reporting of implementation of mitigation measures plays important role in

effective environmental management. The reporting system will provide the necessary

feedback for project management to ensure proper quality of the work and that the

environmental management programmes are on schedule. The rationale for a reporting

system is based on accountability to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed as

part of the Environmental Management Plan get implemented during construction and

operation phases of the proposed expansion of IOCL Terminal. The reporting system is

operated linearly with the person who is at the lowest level of the implementation

system to the project management and reports to Senior Manager of IOCL Terminal.

For the proposed expansion of IOCL Terminal, all Reporting to the Territorial Manager

of IOCL will be on weekly basis. The IOCL’s Environmental Management Cell will be

responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified mitigation measures.

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components

may be clubbed together and submitted to the Senior Manager Terminal of IOCL weekly

during each phase of the implementation period. At the end of implementation, a

weekly progress report on environmental issues may be discontinued.

During the construction period, a compliance report may include a description of the

items of mitigation measures, which were not complied by any of the responsible



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agencies. It would also report the management actions taken to enforce compliance. It

may, however, be noted that certain items of the EMP might not be possible to be

compiled at the field level due to a variety of reasons. The intention of the compliance

report is not to suppress these issues but to bring out the circumstances and reasons for

which compliance was not possible. This would help in rationalizing the

implementation of the mitigation measures during the remaining duration of

implementation. Solutions for further effective implementation would also come out as

a result of the compliance monitoring reports.

Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental

monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring.

9.12 BUDGETS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AND MONITORING PLAN

The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management

plan to mitigate the potential adverse environmental impacts after proposed expansion is suggested in Table 9.2.

Table 9-3 BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AND MONITORING PLAN

S. No Description

(Cost in Lakh Rupees)

Proposed

Capital

Cost

Recurring Cost

including power

and O&M /

Annum

1. Green Belt/Horticulture 10 3

2. Rain Water Harvesting 5 2

3. Municipal Waste Management 5 1

4. Storage and disposal of oily sludge from tank cleaning

- 15

5. Environmental Monitoring - 5

6. Water Management (STP) 20 5

7. Air Pollution Control 5 5

8. Environmental Awareness & Training

5 3

9. Energy Conservation Measures 10 2

Total 60 41

Source: IOCL Trichy Oil Receiving Terminal



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9.13 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

As a constructive partner in the communities in which it operates, IndianOil has been taking

concrete action to realize its social responsibility objectives, thereby building value for its

shareholders and customers. The Corporation respects human rights, values its employees,

and invests in innovative technologies and solutions for sustainable energy flow and

economic growth. In the past five decades, IndianOil has supported innumerable social and

community initiatives in India, touching the lives of millions of people positively by

supporting environmental and health-care projects and social, cultural and educational

programmes.

Besides focusing primarily on the welfare of economically and socially deprived sections of

society, Indian Oil also aims at developing techno-economically viable and environment-

friendly products & services for the benefit of millions of its consumers, while at the same

time ensuring the highest standards of safety and environment.

Every year, IndianOil sets aside a fixed portion of its profits for spreading smiles in millions

of lives across the country through a comprehensive community welfare and development

programme. About one-fourth of the community development funds are spent on the

welfare of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe beneficiaries.

Indian Oil has a concerted social responsibility programme to partner communities in

health, family welfare, education, environment protection, providing potable water,

sanitation, and empowerment of women and other marginalized groups. IndianOil has

always been in the forefront in times of national emergencies. Indian Oil People have time

and again rallied to help victims of natural calamities, maintaining an uninterrupted supply

of petroleum products and contributing to relief and rehabilitation measures in cash and

kind.

Moreover, the unit has planned to carry out various activities for the upliftment of poor

people, welfare of women and labors, education of poor students as part of CSR in the

nearby villages and therefore, during and after proposed project, unit will spend more than

that required by statutory norms every year towards CSR activities.



130

Figure 9-8 CSR Activity


CHAPTER 10 – SUMMARY AND CONCLUTION

131

10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is planning to increase the storage capacity of

Vazhavanthankottai Terminal from 41,782 KL to 72,022 KL by the installation of

aboveground storage tanks for HSD, underground Storage Tank for Biodiesel.

As per the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September

2006, the proposed expansion project falls under ‘Category B’ of Sector 6(b).

10.1 INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT

LAND REQUIREMENT

The total land area available in Trichy Terminal is around 65 Acres. The total land

is under the possession of IOCL. No additional land is proposed to be acquired for

the expansion project. The construction of new storage tanks shall be accommodated

within the area available in the existing plant premises.

WATER REQUIREMENT

Additional water is required as part of the proposed expansion. The total water

requirement will be about 9.42 KLD for terminal. The total water requirement is

being met from the SIDCO.

POWER REQUIREMENT


from TANGEDCO. No additional power requirement envisaged post-expansion.

In absence of power supply, this will be met from DG sets of capacity 1 x 160 KVA, 2 x

250 KVA.

10.2 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

Environmental monitoring has been carried out during the period of Jan, Feb and March

2018 and the results are discussed below:

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The maximum and minimum concentrations of PM10 were recorded as 58.1 μg/m3 and

32.8 μg/m3 respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the Project Site

and the minimum concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The maximum and minimum

concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 27.2g/m3 and 15.9 respectively. The



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maximum concentration was recorded at the Project site and the minimum

concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The maximum and minimum SO2 concentrations

were recorded as 9.4 g/m3 and BDL (<5) respectively. The maximum concentration

was recorded at project Site. The maximum and minimum NOx concentrations were

recorded as 18.1 g/m3 and 7.8 g/m3. The maximum concentration was recorded at

Project Site and the minimum concentration was recorded at kiliyur. The maximum and

minimum CO concentrations were recorded as 0.26 mg/m3 and BDL (<0.1) mg/m3. The

maximum concentration was recorded at Project Site. Lead concentrations were

recorded as BDL (<0.1). Which is less than prescribed standards. The maximum and

minimum total hydrocarbon concentrations in project site were recorded as 178 μg/m3

and Nil at other locations. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, Lead &

Total Hydrocarbon are observed to be well within the standards prescribed by Central

Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Rural, Residential and Other area.

WATER QUALITY

Ground Water

The analysis of groundwater results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 7.13

– 7.59, TDS ranges from 302 mg/l - 1819 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 160 mg/l -

901 mg/l, iron content ranges from BDL (<0.05) mg/l – 0.13 mg/l, nitrate content ranges

from 1 mg /l – 57 mg/l was observed.

Surface Water

The analysis of Surface water results indicate that the average pH ranges in between 7.64

– 8.17, TDS ranges from 307 mg/l - 416 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 140 mg/l - 200

mg/l, DO ranges from 6.8 mg/l – 7.2 mg/l was observed.

AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS

Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range 45.5 to 52.6 dB (A). Noise

levels observed to fall in the range 37.6 to 46.4 dB (A) during the night time. Measured

noise levels are observed to be in compliance with prescribed standards for ambient

noise for the respective applicable categories.

SOIL QUALITY

The soil results were compared with soil standards. It has been observed that the pH of

the soil was ranging from 6.88 to 8.27 indicating the soils are basic in nature. The



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conductivity of the soil ranges from 0.058 to 0.314 mS/cm. Since the EC value is less than

2000 µS/cm, the soil is said to be Nonsaline in nature.

The texture of the soil sample is predominantly loam. Soil organic content varied from

0.43 to 1.14 % which indicates the very low level of organic matter.

The available nitrogen content ranges between 243 to 471 mg/kg in the locality and the

value of phosphorus content varies between 28.4 to 82.6 mg/kg. This indicates that the

soil has very high quantities of Nitrogen and Phosphorus.

The potassium content varies from 196 to 342 mg/kg which indicates that the soils have

high quantities of potassium.

From the above observations, it was found that the soil in the Study area shows moderate

fertility.

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

An ecological survey of the study area was conducted during the study period and

from the field observations, it can be concluded that there are no Schedule-I

species in the study area as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

As per records of the forest Department, there are no Wildlife sanctuaries,

National parks/biosphere reserves and migratory corridors of important species

in the study area. As per the records of the Botanical Survey of India, there are no

plants of conservation importance in the study area.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Almost all villages in the study area are experiencing a rapid growth of population,

which may be due to the process of urbanization and industrialization. According

to 2011 census,

Tiruchirappalli is a Municipal Corporation city in district of Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.

The Tiruchirappalli city is divided into 60 wards for which elections are held every 5

years. The Tiruchirappalli Municipal Corporation has population of 847,387 of which

418,400 are males while 428,987 are females as per report released by Census India

2011.

Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 79723 which is 9.41 % of total population of

Tiruchirappalli (M Corp). In Tiruchirappalli Municipal Corporation, Female Sex Ratio is

of 1025 against state average of 996. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Tiruchirappalli is




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around 960 compared to Tamil Nadu state average of 943. Literacy rate of

Tiruchirappalli city is 91.38 % higher than state average of 80.09 %. In Tiruchirappalli,

Male literacy is around 94.85 % while female literacy rate is 88.01 %.

10.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

LAND USE

The proposed facilities of the expansion project will be located within the existing IOCL

premises only and as such does not require any land acquisition. The site is flat land

with minor vegetation and requires only minimal cutting and leveling. Hence, no impact

on land use is anticipated.

SOLID WASTE

Some municipal waste generated at the terminal will be collected and disposed of

through local bodies. Tank bottom sludge is generated while cleaning of oil storage

tanks. The cleaning of oil storage tanks is done once in five years as per the practice of

Oil Industry. Oily sludge generated will be treated through bioremediation technique.

TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

TOPOGRAPHY

The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited in the immediate vicinity

of the existing Installation. The impact is going to be minimum and negligible. The

change in topography will be only due to new storage tanks. It will invite positive

benefits in the form of land leveling and tree plantations in the terminal vicinity.

CLIMATE

The proposed expansion takes place within the existing premises and it does not

involve any vegetation land which clearly indicates that impact on the climatic

conditions from the proposed expansion project will be insignificant. Comparison of

regional data with the monitored data reveals that there are not many variations in

temperature, relative humidity and predominant wind directions.

AIR QUALITY

Industry operation involves receipt, storage and distribution of petroleum products

only. No Manufacturing is involved and hence, no significant emissions will be there

from the proposed expansion project except DG sets, which are used during emergency

conditions. Emissions from the DG sets are directed through exhaust pipes with



135

adequate height as per norms of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and monitored

yearly by TNPCB.

WATER RESOURCES

Additional water is required as part of the proposed expansion. The total water

requirement will be about 3.92 KLD for domestic use. The total water requirement is

being met from SIDCO.

NOISE LEVEL

The major noise generating sources are pumps, DG sets, loading areas and other

equipment’s which would cause noise pollution.

ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

In the present expansion project involves receipt, storage and distribution of petroleum

products and no manufacturing involved and hence emissions causing are very less. DG

sets are used only during emergency conditions. Therefore, the impact of these

emissions on the surrounding area will be insignificant.

DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS

The impact of proposed expansion project on the human settlement will be varied but

not significant. The proposed project site is located in SIDCO Industrial Estate. No

homestead oustees are involved. Hence, there will be no rehabilitation or resettlement.

The project study area is going through urbanization and industrialization with small

and medium scale industries, which has impacted on the growth of urban population.

The proposed addition of storage tanks will generate direct and indirect employment

opportunities during the construction phase. This will be a moderately positive impact

on the economic condition in the surrounding.

10.4 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

The installation design and construction conform to relevant Indian and international

codes & standards including OISD standards. In particular, the following safety features

are noteworthy:

The layout of the Terminal is properly made conforming to OISD guidelines.

Adequate fire protection facilities including fire water storage and pumps are

provided.



136

The Terminal is continuously manned all the time so that any incidence of rim seal

fire in floating roof tanks can be handled without delay.

The Emergency Response and Disaster Management Plan (ERDMP) has been prepared

as per the regulations of the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB).

10.5 CONCLUSIONS

The Proposed expansion project has a certain level of marginal impacts on the local

environment. However, the proposed expansion project has significant beneficial

impact/effects in terms of providing temporary employment opportunity and

various CER activities.

The conclusions of EIA are

The proposed expansion project meets the compliance requirements of various

environmental regulations

Adoption of environmental friendly best management practices results

minimizing the impacts on environment

Community impacts of the project will be beneficial, as the project will generate

significant economic benefits for the region.

Thus, it can be concluded that with the judicious and proper implementation of the

pollution control and mitigation measures, the proposed expansion project will be

beneficial to the society and will contribute to the economic development of the region

in particular and country in general.


CHAPTER 11 – DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

137

11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT This chapter describes the environmental consultant engaged in the preparation

of EIA report for increase in storage capacity of Vazhavanthankottai Terminal from

41782 KL to 72022 KL by the installation of Storage tanks for HSD and Biodiesel Tank at

Survey Nos. 179pt, 187pt, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193pt, Vazhavanthankottai Village,

Trichy District.

11.1 INTRODUCTION

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited (formerly ABC Environ Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) is an

ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified Company & leading Environmental

Engineering & Consultancy Company constantly striving towards newer heights since

its inception in 2006. Our Company is dedicated to providing strategic services in the

areas Environment, Infrastructure, Energy, Engineering and Multilab.

It is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for

Education and Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant, approved for

carrying out EIA studies and obtaining environmental clearance for various sectors such

as Thermal Power Plants, Infrastructure, Industrial Estates / Complexes/ Areas, Mining,

Township & area development and Building construction projects etc. ABC Techno Labs

is equipped with in-house, spacious laboratory, accredited by NABL (National

Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science &

Technology, Government of India.

Since establishment ABC Techno Labs focus on sustainable development of Industry

and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and

most important is, satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed

more than 100 projects of a variety of industries, in the field of pollution control and

environmental management solutions. The company is also dealing in the projects of

waste minimization and cleaner production technology.

The team of technocrats and scientists are well experienced to deal with the design,

Manufacture, Fabrication, Installation, commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater

treatment plants, Sewage Treatment Plants, Combined Treatment plants.

The company is having a well-experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who

are looking after environmental projects & well-equipped analytical laboratory with a



138

facility including analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the

requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.

11.2 SERVICES OF ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

11.2.1 Environmental Services

• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

• Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

• Social Impact Assessment (SIA)

• Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise,

Water, Soil, Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc;

• Environmental Monitoring

• Socio-Economic Studies

• Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan

• Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies

• Ecological Impact Assessment

• Environmental Management Framework

• Solid Waste Management

• Hazardous Waste Management

• Internship & Training

11.2.2 Turnkey projects

• Water Treatment Plants

• Sewage Treatment Plant

• Recycling & Water Conservation Systems

• Zero Discharge System

11.2.3 Other services

Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants

Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals

Pilot Plant Studies

Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates



139

11.2.4 Laboratory services

Chemical Testing

Environmental Testing

Microbiological Testing

Food Testing

Metallurgical Testing

11.3 SECTORS ACCREDITED BY NABET

Table 11-1 NABET Accredited Sector

S. No. Sectors Name

1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) Mining (Opencast and Underground)

2. Offshore Oil and gas exploration, development & productions

3. Irrigation projects only

4. Thermal Power Plant

5. Mineral Beneficiation including palletisation

6. Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only)

7. Petroleum refining industry

8. Leather/skin/hide processing industry

9. Chemical Fertilizers

10. Petrochemical Complexes (industries based on processing of petroleum

fractions & natural gas and/or reforming to aromatics)

11. Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs

and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic

organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical

intermediates)

12. Distilleries



140

13. Sugar Industry

14. Oil & Gas transportation pipeline (crude and Refinery /Petrochemical

products)

passing through national parks/sanctuaries/coral reefs / ecologically

sensitive areas including LNG Terminal

15. Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning

quantity indicated in column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended

2000)

16. Airports

17. Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ Areas, export processing zones(EPZs),

Special economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes

18. Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, breakwaters and dredging

19. Highways, Railways, Transport terminals, mass rapid transport systems

20. Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs)

21. Common municipal solid waste management facility (CMSWMF)

22. Building and large construction projects including shopping malls, multiplexes,

commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions

23. Townships and Area Development Projects

11.4 Study Team

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited has carried out this Environmental

Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The multidisciplinary team included expertise in

Environmental Impact Assessment, Air & Water Pollution & Control measures, Noise

Control measures, Ecology & bio-diversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental Chemistry

and Socio-Economic planner. The team members involved in EIA study area:



141

Table 11-2 Study Team

S. No. Name Role

1. Mrs. K. Vijayalakshmi

EIA coordinator - Isolated Storage & Handling of

Hazardous Chemicals

FAE – Risk Assessment, Air Quality Modelling &

Prediction

2. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan

Functional Area Expert – Land use;

Water Pollution, Prevention & Control;

Hydrogeology (Director –Technical)

3. Dr. Muthiah Mariappan FAE – Solid Waste Management

4. Dr. N. Sukumaran FAE – Ecology & Biodiversity

5. Dr. Thillai Govindarajan FAE – Geology

6. Mr. R. Rajendran FAE – Air Pollution, Prevention & Control;

Noise & Vibration

7. Mrs. Geetha

Shreeneevasakam FAE – Socio-Economic

8. Mr. P. Bharath FAA- Air Pollution, Prevention and Control;

Water Pollution.

9. Mr. Pratheesh B Junior Project Engineer – Preparation,

Documentation of Reports and Report Analysis.



142

Figure 11-1 NABET Accreditation Certificate

ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE I

TOR

ANNEXURE II Land Documents

Indian OilPipelines Division

C T M P L

INTER OFFICE MEMO

FROM

SCMCTMPL, CHENNAI

CTMPL/CHN/ASANUR/517DATE : 12/12/2003

TO

CCM,CTMPL, Trichy

Sub: MOU between IOC and SIDCO on handing over of land for Trichy station

Duly filled and signed Form for the handing over possession of the plot at SIDCO

industrial estate, Vazhavandankottai (Trichy), Memorandum of Understanding betweenInkJ-y. D , v > )

IOC and SIDCO, and plot plan are attached for information , records and further needful

please.

V-o* ^*$c C^S\£*LJ K

T^- ^ 757' TJ wjN Venkates'warlu

ANNEXURE III

Layout

ANNEXURE IV

EB Agreement

ANNEXURE V

Hazardous Waste Authorization

ANNEXURE VI

Risk Assessment

ANNEXURE VII

PESO

ANNEXURE VII

Traffic Study

TRAFFIC STUDY REPORT

Background

The purpose of this study is to assist the client to study the regional transportation and traffic

connectivity to the site and to ensure that the proposed development is able to have access to

infrastructures needed for the future development and its functionality. This will also help in

assessing the impact of increase in traffic due to the proposed project. Since the proposed project

site is close to NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) which has 4 lanes with dividend. Chances of traffic

going slow are high mainly during peak hours. Traffic study was conducted at 2 locations during

April 2018 to cover all possible traffic variations and to assess the peak traffic flow. The traffic

study includes counting, categorization etc.

Objective

The objective of a traffic study is to review and study the existing traffic pattern in the main public

roads in and around the project site as well as to estimate the flow of traffic on completion of the

proposed project.

Site Environment and Traffic Movement

The main access road to the project site is the NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur). This road has two way

movements of different category of vehicles like two wheeler, four wheeler, buses, autos and

logistic vehicles. The project site does not have any other another access road.

Figure 1 - Traffic flow diagram of project site

Methodology

Vehicle Count

The vehicles passing through the road (in both ways) were counted separately for 24 hours at the

selected locations from 6 hrs to 6 hrs next day continuously. The counting of vehicles was done

continuously and recorded in the traffic volume count on an average daily basis under respective

categories.

Categorization of Traffic

The engine driven vehicles were categorized into various heads viz. Trucks/Bus, Light Carriage

Vehicles (LCV), Car/Jeep, Multi Axle Vehicles, Two/Three Wheelers and Cycles/others.

Sampling Locations

The traffic location is represented in Table 3.

Table 1 - Details of Traffic Monitoring Locations

Location

Code

Location Details

T-1 NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur)

T-2 Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage

Presentation of Results

The daily vehicular traffic densities for continuous normal day on the NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur)

and Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road, were observed during the study period. The

details of each category of vehicles on the NH 83 and Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage

Road have been represented using a pie chart in Figure.2 and Figure.3.

Location: T1- NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur)

Figure 2 - Details of Vehicle count

Table 2. The PCU parameters for NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur)

Total 5665 PCU/day

Min 25 PCU/hr

Max 484 PCU/hr

Average 236 PCU/hr

67

1423

14

454

449

48364

4

Chart Title

Cycles Two Wheelers Auto Cars/ Vans LCV Trucks/Bus Multiaxle Cart

Location: T2 - Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road

Figure 3 - Details of Vehicle count

Table 3. The PCU parameters for SH 121

Total 2033 PCU/day

Min 11 PCU/hr

Max 161 PCU/hr

Average 85 PCU/hr

Traffic flow patterns

The traffic study was conducted for NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) and Thuvakudi to SIDCO &

Indian Oil Storage Road which is the only access from the project site to the city. The average

traffic on NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) and Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road is

observed as 484 PCU/hr and 161 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour). Based on the study, the

peak traffic on NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) was observed from 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM of 497 PCU/hr

(Passenger Car Units / hour) & the peak traffic during night time was observed from 6:00 - 7:00

67

1423

14

454

449

48364

4

Chart Title

Cycles Two Wheelers Auto Cars/ Vans LCV Trucks/Bus Multiaxle Cart

PM of 425 PCU/hr. The peak traffic on Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road is

observed from 10.00 AM - 11:00 AM of 77 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour) & the peak traffic

during night time is observed from 6:00 - 7:00 PM of 66 PCU/hr (Passenger Car Units / hour).

Volume /Capacity ratio

The Volume/Capacity Ratio indicates the congestion levels on a particular road. The IRC specifies

a design service volume (DSV) for each road type therefore indicating a level of service. Level of

service of roads depends on the volume/capacity ratio of the respective roads. The level of service

and performance as per IRC norms has been given in Table 4.

Table 4 - The level of service and performance as per IRC norms

Volume/Capacity

Ratio (Range)

Level of Service

(LoS)

Performance

0.0 – 0.2 “A” Excellent

0.2 – 0.4 “B” Very Good

0.4 – 0.6 “C” Good

0.6 – 0.8 “D” Fair

0.8 -1.0 “E” Poor

1. NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur)

Peak of the peak traffic was found to be 497 PCU/hr. The capacity of road for 4 lane (two way)

for arterial road is taken as 4000 PCU/hr as per IRC Standards. Hence the V/C Ratio for the road

is found to be 497/2500 = 0.2. Hence the level of service for the road is “D” & the performance is

“Excellent”. Volume of the Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road is moderate at present

& a normal flow condition could be observed throughout the day.

2. Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road

Peak of the traffic was found to be 161 PCU/hr. The capacity of the road for 4 lane (two way) for

sub-arterial road is taken as 1500 PCU/hr as per Standards. Hence the V/C Ratio for the road is

found to be 161/1200 = 0.13. Hence the level of service for the road is “C” & the performance is

“Excellent”.

Future Traffic Scenario

The existing parking area provided in the facility is sufficient to park the additional bullet trucks

which will be required after the expansion.

Total number of vehicles for the proposed expansion will be 370 PCU/day. The traffic that is

generated from the proposed development will be diverted to Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil

Storage Road which connect to NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur). Therefore the overall impact of

traffic on NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) and Thuvakudi to SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road is

370/2 = 185 PCU/day.

The modified Level of service & performance for the road is as shown in Table 5.

Table 5 - The modified Level of service & performance for OMR

Road Existing

Volume

(PCU/hr)

Existing

Volume/

Capacity

ratio

Additional

Volume

(PCU/hr)

Modified

Volume

(PCU/hr)

Modified

Volume/

Capacity

ratio

Modified

LOS

NH 83 (Trichy to

Thanjavur)

497 0.19 32 529 0.21 Very Good

Thuvakudi to

SIDCO & Indian

Oil Storage Road

161 0.13 32 193 0.16 Excellent

The modified volume to capacity ratio for the NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur) and Thuvakudi to

SIDCO & Indian Oil Storage Road is calculated. Considering the future traffic during operation

phase, volume/capacity ratio is increased when compared to existing scenario. But, level of service

is not changed (Very Good) in the NH 83 (Trichy to Thanjavur). Hence, the proposed development

will not alter the traffic flow significantly.

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