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PROJECT ON VOCATIONAL TRAINING IN ELECTRIC LOCO SHED

YEAR 2015-2016

SUBMITED BY SHREY ANANT SANDIMAN VIBHASH GANGULY SHUBHAM SHRIVASTAV ANAND KUMAR

Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Professional Management & Technology

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CONTENT

HISTORY RAILWAY TRACK INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVE IN

INDIA BY TYPES OVERVIEW OF ELECTRIC

LOCOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL PARTS OF LOCOMOTIVE SOME IMPORTANT PARTS OF CAB CONCLUSION

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HISTORY 1st Electric locomotive was built by:-

a Scotsman, Robert Davidson  of Aberdeen in 1837 & powered

by  ”BATTERIES”.

1st Electric passenger train was presented by:- Werner von Siemens at Berlin in 1879. Driven by a 2.2 kW motor & reached a maximum speed of 13 km/h.

Railways first introduced to India in 1853 & journeyed of 22 miles Between Bombay to Thane

Von Siemens Experimental Train

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Railway track

Railway track gauge in India is complicated by historical usage of multiple track guages. Indian Railways uses four gauges:1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)  -Broad Gauge (BG), 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in)  -metre gauge (MG),762 mm (2 ft 6 in) - Narrow Gauge (NG), and610 mm (2 ft) -Toy Gauge.

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INTRODUCTION Locomotives in india consist of electric

and diesel locomotives.  Locomotives are also called locos or engines.

An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, an on-board energy storage device such as a chemical battery or fuel cell.

Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors.

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Classification of Locomotives in India by Type

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OVERVIEW OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

Now a days all locos are running through Electricity with the help of OHE line.

Pantograph is used to connect the loco with OHE line.

Loco contains 2 Bogies, each Bogie consist of 6 wheels. So totally loco consists of 12 wheels.

Pantograph draws 25 KV of electricity from OHE line, which is very high AC voltage.

Pantograph

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ELECTRICAL Parts of Locomotive

Transformer Rectifier Arno Convertor Traction Motors Air Compressors Motor-Alternator

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TRANSFORMER Transformer Oil Circulating Pump. Transformer Oil Cooling Radiator Blower. Output voltage of the Traction converter

2180 V Output current

831 A Output power

2365 kW

RECTIFIER

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ARNO CONVERTOR AIR COMPRESSORS MOTOR-ALTERNATOR

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TRACTION MOTORS

Traction Motors used in Indian loco are of DC series Motors. There are six Traction Motors, one per each axle is provided. Two types of Traction Motors are being used in the locomotive. They are TAO 659 and Hitachi.

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SOME IMPORTANT PARTS OF CAB

RHS Loco Control Desk LHS Corner Of The Cab Ammeters & Voltmeters Implementation of Modern Vigilance Control Device DJ Main Contactor Sanding On locomotive

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A view of the RHS corner of the loco control desk

"A" - Horn valves

"B" - Emergency brake flap

"C" - Flasher light control unit

"D" - Marker lamps control unit

Fig.11

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A view of the LHS corner of the cab

Fig.14

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Ammeters & Voltmeters AM4 TM4: This ammeter indicates the current flowing through

Traction motor no. 4. A WAP 4 loco may draw a max current of 1000 Amps for a max duration of 10 minutes. Current of 900 Amps may be drawn continuously.

U-5 TM-5: This volt meter indicates the voltage across Traction motor no. five. The voltage at no time should exceed 750 voltage. When a quick acceleration is required and if the voltage exceeds 750 volts due to rapid increase of notches, the shunting notch (weak field lever or the "MPS") may be put into position one after notch 20. This will lead to an increase in the amps across the traction motors but a reduction in the voltage across it. The notches may than be increased and again if the voltage goes up the shunting notch may be put at position two.

U-6 TM-6: This voltmeter indicates voltage across Traction motor six. Old timers may wonder as to why there are two voltmeters and only one ammeter, because there used to be two ammeters and one volt meter in all loco upto now. The reason is that now, higher than permissible voltage across the TM's for burnt out of TM's

Implementation of Modern Vigilance Control Device

In Indian Railways, major accidents have been caused due to failure of Railway staff. Higher incidence of human failures surface as technical

safeguards and backups do not always replace the human effort. Though an

accident occurs only when both fail but it usually gets logged as ‘human error’ with a tendency of glossing over technical failure.

Vigilance control device plays a major role to reduce the accidents that are caused by the pilot of the train Vigilance Control Device (VCD) is a

microcontroller based safety device which will automatically apply penalty brakes in case the driver is incapacitated or dead.

The VCD monitors whether these controls have been operated by the driver in a 60-second time period. In case the driver has not operated any controls, the VCD gives a visual warning by activating a flashing light for 8 seconds. If acknowledgement is not received, an additional audio alarm is given for 8 sec. If driver further fails to acknowledge the

alarm, a message is send to guard and to signal inspector through GSM modem as “DRIVER IS NOT ALERT”, here guard is provided with break to control the VCD. If guard is not applying break within 10 sec then message is sent to signal inspector as “DRIVER AND GUARD

NOT ALERT” and VCD will initiate the automatic application of brakes and it informs the position of the train where it is stopped in the form of

latitude and longitude through GSM by using GPS module.

WORKING

Operating cycles Time periods (seconds)

Indications Possibility to Reset

Vigilance cycle (To) 60±2 None Yes

Warning cycle (T1) Level 1

8±2 Yellow flashing light Yes

Warning cycle (T2) Level II

8±2 Yellow flashing light and alarm sound

Yes

Penalty brake (T3) Level I

32±2 Yellow flashing light and alarm sound

No

Penalty brake (T4) Level II

Until reset Yellow flashing light and alarm sound

Yes

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DJ Main ContactorDJ control circuit is provided

1. To give starting phase to ARNO.2. To protect the loco if any of eight auxiliary motors is notworking.3. To protect the loco if ARNO us not working.4. To protect RGR.5. To ensure that GR is on ‘0’ while closing DJ.6. To protect feeding power circuit from over current and short circuit.7. To protect auxiliary power circuit from over current and earth fault.8. To protect traction power circuit from over current and earth fault.9. It trips DJ if GR is struck up on full notches while doing quick regression with MP.

Types of DJ1. In DJ, there are two types ABCB and VCB.2. In VCB there are three types double interrupter VCB, singleinterrupter horizontal VCB and single interrupter vertical VCB.3. In ABCB DJ control circuit there are six branches (Q118, Q45, Q44, C118, EFDJ and MTDJ).In ABCB DJ closing coil is EFDJ and tripping coil is MTDJ.4. In VCB DJ (double interrupter and single interrupterverTICal) control circuit there are five branches (Q118, Q45,Q44, C118 and MTDJ). In these two types closing coil and tripping coil is MTDJ.

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SANDING ON LOCOMOTIVE A sandbox is a container on

most locomotives, multiple units and trams that holds sand, which is dropped on the rail in front of the driving wheels in wet and slippery conditions and on steep grades in order to improve traction.

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ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

Electric engines do not produce much heat and noise.

Electric engines are therefore easier to maintain whereas the moving parts of a diesel engine require constant maintenance.

The simple nature of the electric engine makes them efficient and powerful.

Electric engines are light weight, constituting only motors and wheel axles, and have almost no moving parts.

Do Not Produce Smock.

3-ɸ drive allows regeneration and unity power factor operation.

It improves operational efficiency besides reduction in maintenance efforts. The energy saving due to regeneration and improved power factor sizable.

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CONCLUSION Main Objective was to learn electric locomotive In

Railways. I am thankful to the supporting people of the Electric

Locoshed Charoda. Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take

advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors.

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THANK YOU